Investigation of Kinetics, Reaction Mechanisms, Thermodynamics, and Synergetic Effects in Co-Pyrolysis of Wood Sawdust and Linear Low-Density Polyethylene using the Thermogravimetric Approach

Investigation of Kinetics, Reaction Mechanisms, Thermodynamics, and Synergetic Effects in Co-Pyrolysis of Wood Sawdust and Linear Low-Density Polyethylene using the Thermogravimetric Approach | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Investigation of Kinetics, Reaction Mechanisms, Thermodynamics, and Synergetic Effects in Co-Pyrolysis of Wood Sawdust and Linear Low-Density Polyethylene using the Thermogravimetric Approach Nayan Chand Dhibar, Rajasekhar Reddy Busigari, Madhumita Patel This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4605357/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 10 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in Environmental Science and Pollution Research → Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study focused on investigating thermal degradation behaviors, kinetics, reaction mechanisms, synergistic effects, and thermodynamic parameters of wood sawdust (WSD), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and their blends (LW1:3, LW1:1, and LW3:1) during co-pyrolysis in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Thermal behavior exhibited a LW1:3 blend (25 wt.% LLDPE) showing significant mass loss at lower temperatures (150 to 300°C) compared to the individual feedstocks, such as 150 to 400°C and 300 to 520°C for WSD and LLDPE, respectively. The iso-conversional methods (KAS, FWO, and FM) were used to determine the kinetic parameters (Ea and A), and the activation energy drop was highest for the LW1:3 blend. According to the master plots, the third-order reaction (O3), nucleation (P2/3), and diffusional model (D4) were the predominant reaction mechanisms for the co-pyrolysis of the LW1:3, LW1:1, and LW3:1 blend, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters demonstrate that a small amount of plastic addition into WSD can improve the reactivity of the blend, shorten the reaction time, and cause less energy-intensive reactions. The values of ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS also confirmed the co-pyrolysis process’s spontaneity and endothermic nature. The Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer (FTIR) spectra of raw feedstock, blends, and their biochar revealed some of the peaks were shifted, the intensity was reduced, and disappearance can happen when the temperature was increased. Using the experimental and theoretical/predicted activation energies, the parity chart illustrates the synergistic effects of co-pyrolysis of different blends, and the LW1:3 blend has a favorable synergistic impact. These results could be helpful in process optimization and designing an effective reactor system for co-pyrolysis. Co-pyrolysis Wood Sawdust (WSD) Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) Reaction kinetic modeling Synergetic effect Full Text Supplementary Files GraphicalAbstract.pptx Highlights.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 10 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in Environmental Science and Pollution Research → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Accept 28 Aug, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 26 Aug, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 26 Aug, 2024 Editor invited by journal 26 Aug, 2024 First submitted to journal 22 Aug, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4605357","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":345444707,"identity":"fe62cb20-d4a8-4dbb-9359-7523519e9c57","order_by":0,"name":"Nayan Chand Dhibar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"IIT (ISM): Indian Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nayan","middleName":"Chand","lastName":"Dhibar","suffix":""},{"id":345444708,"identity":"3606e128-122d-4d70-b694-8fcac90f4055","order_by":1,"name":"Rajasekhar Reddy Busigari","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"IIT (ISM): Indian Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rajasekhar","middleName":"Reddy","lastName":"Busigari","suffix":""},{"id":345444709,"identity":"945580ee-5919-4791-9c2c-467eb1ed0677","order_by":2,"name":"Madhumita Patel","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA3klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYHACMyCWYGBgb2w4wGAAFUsgQosEA8/BhgMHSNACtEYCqOwAMa7SbT+87TFvjkUd/8zHjYc/FNRFM7AffsDwcAceK86klRvzbpOQkLidCHLY4dwGnjQDhsQzeLQcyDGTBmlhgGg5kNvAkMPAkNiGR8v5NxAt8jfB3q/LbeB/Q0DLDagtBjcYQVqYcxskCNly41mZ5NxtEpIbzwAddgbolzaJZwYH8DsseZvE2211/HLHjz/+UPGnLrefP/nhw594tGACNgYi42cUjIJRMApGAW4AAKVsVkm8SwMAAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"IIT (ISM): Indian Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Madhumita","middleName":"","lastName":"Patel","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-06-19 10:52:55","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4605357/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4605357/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-34886-3","type":"published","date":"2024-09-10T15:57:11+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":65241855,"identity":"d2bab0f5-4cfe-4b2a-a6c5-b15f5c5cf04c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-25 06:54:11","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1536582,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"RevisedManuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4605357/v1_covered_0ecba3b0-112d-41df-a93d-3a468ac6e850.pdf"},{"id":65241317,"identity":"ead5e8d2-962c-40a3-9e9c-aea083086fc4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-25 06:46:06","extension":"pptx","order_by":5,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":1401555,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"GraphicalAbstract.pptx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4605357/v1/e356d34f60fa313a16f88442.pptx"},{"id":65241316,"identity":"ebe850fc-2aff-41ed-add3-f6d5848173ff","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-25 06:46:06","extension":"docx","order_by":6,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":16610,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Highlights.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4605357/v1/c3823b45dc971f86f9e67f3f.docx"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Investigation of Kinetics, Reaction Mechanisms, Thermodynamics, and Synergetic Effects in Co-Pyrolysis of Wood Sawdust and Linear Low-Density Polyethylene using the Thermogravimetric Approach","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"environmental-science-and-pollution-research","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"espr","sideBox":"Learn more about [Environmental Science and Pollution Research](https://www.springer.com/journal/11356)","snPcode":"11356","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11356/3","title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Co-pyrolysis, Wood Sawdust (WSD), Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Reaction kinetic modeling, Synergetic effect","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4605357/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4605357/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"This study focused on investigating thermal degradation behaviors, kinetics, reaction mechanisms, synergistic effects, and thermodynamic parameters of wood sawdust (WSD), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and their blends (LW1:3, LW1:1, and LW3:1) during co-pyrolysis in a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Thermal behavior exhibited a LW1:3 blend (25 wt.% LLDPE) showing significant mass loss at lower temperatures (150 to 300°C) compared to the individual feedstocks, such as 150 to 400°C and 300 to 520°C for WSD and LLDPE, respectively. The iso-conversional methods (KAS, FWO, and FM) were used to determine the kinetic parameters (Ea and A), and the activation energy drop was highest for the LW1:3 blend. According to the master plots, the third-order reaction (O3), nucleation (P2/3), and diffusional model (D4) were the predominant reaction mechanisms for the co-pyrolysis of the LW1:3, LW1:1, and LW3:1 blend, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters demonstrate that a small amount of plastic addition into WSD can improve the reactivity of the blend, shorten the reaction time, and cause less energy-intensive reactions. The values of ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS also confirmed the co-pyrolysis process’s spontaneity and endothermic nature. The Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer (FTIR) spectra of raw feedstock, blends, and their biochar revealed some of the peaks were shifted, the intensity was reduced, and disappearance can happen when the temperature was increased. Using the experimental and theoretical/predicted activation energies, the parity chart illustrates the synergistic effects of co-pyrolysis of different blends, and the LW1:3 blend has a favorable synergistic impact. These results could be helpful in process optimization and designing an effective reactor system for co-pyrolysis.","manuscriptTitle":"Investigation of Kinetics, Reaction Mechanisms, Thermodynamics, and Synergetic Effects in Co-Pyrolysis of Wood Sawdust and Linear Low-Density Polyethylene using the Thermogravimetric Approach","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-09-25 06:46:01","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4605357/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Accept","date":"2024-08-28T19:02:49+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2024-08-27T02:39:13+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2024-08-27T00:59:04+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","date":"2024-08-26T04:01:30+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","date":"2024-08-23T01:14:47+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"environmental-science-and-pollution-research","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"espr","sideBox":"Learn more about [Environmental Science and Pollution Research](https://www.springer.com/journal/11356)","snPcode":"11356","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11356/3","title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"e64d1026-b137-4c10-ad20-042bbe0f528b","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 25th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-09-25T06:46:01+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-4605357","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-34886-3","journal":{"identity":"environmental-science-and-pollution-research","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research"},"publishedOn":"2024-09-10 15:57:11","publishedOnDateReadable":"September 10th, 2024"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-09-25 06:46:01","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s11356-024-34886-3","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-024-34886-3","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4605357","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4605357","identity":"rs-4605357","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}