A Systematic Review of Digital Transformation and Smart Campus Adoption in Developing Countries

A Systematic Review of Digital Transformation and Smart Campus Adoption in Developing Countries | Authorea try { document.documentElement.classList.add('js'); } catch (e) { } var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'G-8VDV14Y67G']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Skip to main content Preprints Collections Wiley Open Research IET Open Research Ecological Society of Japan All Collections About About Authorea FAQs Contact Us Quick Search anywhere Search for preprint articles, keywords, etc. Search Search ADVANCED SEARCH SCROLL This is a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 21 November 2025 V1 Latest version Share on A Systematic Review of Digital Transformation and Smart Campus Adoption in Developing Countries Authors : AHMED ALQASMI [email protected] , Mohd Yamani , Idna Idris , Liyana Shuib , Nauman Khan , and Usman Ali Authors Info & Affiliations https://doi.org/10.22541/au.176376259.94042662/v1 299 views 284 downloads Contents Abstract Supplementary Material Information & Authors Metrics & Citations View Options References Figures Tables Media Share Abstract Higher education institutions (HEIs) are increasingly shaped by digital transformation. Innovative technologies are improving teaching, learning, and campus management, yet their adoption is uneven across contexts. In many developing countries, smart campus projects hold real promise for narrowing both educational and technological divides. At the same time, they encounter barriers that are deeply rooted in social and technical realities. To explore these challenges, the PRISMA method was applied to analyze 87 studies collected from Scopus, Web of Science, and IEEE databases. The review points to recurring obstacles such as weak stakeholder involvement, poor coordination in technology integration, and the lack of frameworks adapted to local needs. The study also found that much of the existing work overlooks important cultural factors, infrastructure limitations, and gaps in digital skills all of which shape implementation outcomes. By bringing these issues together, the study provides practical direction for policymakers, university leaders, and campus planners. It argues for strategies that are sensitive to local conditions if smart campus adoption in developing regions is to be both effective and sustainable. Supplementary Material File (a systematic review of digital transformation.pdf) Download 2.85 MB Information & Authors Information Version history V1 Version 1 21 November 2025 Copyright This work is licensed under a Non Exclusive No Reuse License. Keywords developing countries digital transformation higher education institutions smart campus socio-technical challenges Authors Affiliations AHMED ALQASMI [email protected] Department of Computer Systems and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya View all articles by this author Mohd Yamani View all articles by this author Idna Idris Department of Computer Systems and Technology, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya View all articles by this author Liyana Shuib Department of Information Systems, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya View all articles by this author Nauman Khan Department of Computer Science and IT, University of Malakand KPK View all articles by this author Usman Ali Department of Computer and Software Technology, University of Swat, KPK View all articles by this author Metrics & Citations Metrics Article Usage 299 views 284 downloads .FvxKWukQNSOunydq8rnd { width: 100px; } Citations Download citation AHMED ALQASMI, Mohd Yamani, Idna Idris, et al. 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