A Dual-FBG Terfenol-D Micro-Displacement Sensor for Robust Vehicular Condition Monitoring and Intelligent Transportation Applications

A Dual-FBG Terfenol-D Micro-Displacement Sensor for Robust Vehicular Condition Monitoring and Intelligent Transportation Applications | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article A Dual-FBG Terfenol-D Micro-Displacement Sensor for Robust Vehicular Condition Monitoring and Intelligent Transportation Applications Shufang Wang, Yuanhao Xi, Siyuan Wang, Liguo Chen, Gongsen Wang, and 5 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7867893/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract To address the challenge of environmental temperature interference in micro-displacement monitoring within intelligent transportation systems, this study proposes a temperature-insensitive micro-displacement sensor utilizing Terfenol-D giant magnetostrictive material and dual Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs). The sensor employs the magnetostrictive effect of Terfenol-D to drive micro-deformation. A differential configuration of two FBGs (FBG1 axially attached, FBG2 attached at a specific angle) eliminates wavelength drift induced by ambient temperature variations, converting the wavelength difference into displacement information. To validate system performance, a co-simulation platform integrating an Intelligent Driver Model (IDM) with the FBG sensor was established. Simulations were conducted under dynamic multi-vehicle scenarios, road slope variations, and coupled temperature-vibration interference. Two demodulation schemes were experimentally evaluated: spectrometer-based demodulation and an integrated demodulation module. Results indicate that within the 0–25μ m measurement range, the integrated demodulation scheme achieved a linearity of 0.493 and a sensitivity of 6.83 pm/μm. The displacement error remained below 6.2% under temperature fluctuations of ± 10◦ C, with a dynamic response time on the millisecond scale, demonstrating excellent real-time performance and robustness. The system also features immunity to electromagnetic interference, high integration, and miniaturization, making it suitable for applications such as electric vehicle chassis deformation monitoring and bridge dynamic load measurement. This research provides a reliable optical sensing solution for constructing the perceptionlayer of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) networks. Physical sciences/Engineering Physical sciences/Materials science Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 10 Feb, 2026 Reviews received at journal 30 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 21 Jan, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 21 Jan, 2026 Reviews received at journal 23 Nov, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 15 Nov, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 31 Oct, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 31 Oct, 2025 Editor invited by journal 28 Oct, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 27 Oct, 2025 First submitted to journal 27 Oct, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7867893","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":542974946,"identity":"be8adf1c-9d94-4468-a3a1-e166d7d27382","order_by":0,"name":"Shufang Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Shandong Huayu University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shufang","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":542974947,"identity":"45ab9626-038f-434a-8af6-3a42e8ff16f5","order_by":1,"name":"Yuanhao 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