Factors associated with hospitalization outcomes for cases of anemia in pregnancy at a regional level in Burkina Faso

Abstract Background The complications related to anemia in pregnancy are common in referral hospitals of Burkina Faso. This study aimed to analyze the hospital discharge results of cases of anemia for the mother-pregnancy entity at a regional level in Burkina Faso. Methods An hospital-based historical cohort study was conducted on anemia cases identified from hospital records of pregnant women admitted between 2009 and 2011 in the maternity wards of public referral hospitals of the “Cascades” region in Burkina Faso. The hospitalization result was favorable if it was satisfactory for both the mother and the pregnancy, and unfavorable in the other cases. The factors associated with unfavorable hospital discharge were identified through multivariable logistic regression. Results A total of 1815 cases of biological anemia in pregnancy were included in the study. The result of hospitalization for the mother-pregnancy entity was unfavorable in 42.6% of cases. The factors associated with unfavorable hospital discharge were rural residence (OR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.00-1.74), evacuation cases (OR = 1.96; 95% CI: 1.48–2.60), 1st or 2nd trimester of pregnancy (OR = 2.74; 95% CI: 2.03–3.68), severe anemia (OR = 2.46; 95% CI: 1.75–3.46), moderate anemia (OR = 1.39; 95% CI: 1.05–1.85) and poor quality of anemia prevention (OR = 2.81; 95% CI: 1.62–4.88). The unfavorable hospital discharge was less frequent in women in couple (OR = 0.46; 95% CI: 0.26–0.84), in nulliparous and primiparous (OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.54–0.88). Age, income level and reason for admission were not associated with the unfavorable hospital discharge. Conclusion There was a high frequency of unfavorable hospital discharge of anemia cases for the mother-pregnancy entity in Burkina Faso. Multiple maternal factors were associated with these issues.