Research on Bottom Hole Self Updating PDC Drill Bit Technology

Reducing auxiliary drilling time and improving drilling efficiency are not only important technical means to enhance China's oil and gas development and deep exploration, but also have significant implications for ensuring national energy security. The underground self updating drill bit technology is a new technology that does not require drilling and directly updates old drill bits underground. Conducting research on this technology is expected to overcome the technical pain point of short drill bit life in the "one trip drilling" technology. This article summarizes the scientific progress made by domestic and foreign researchers in self-renewal PDC drill bit technology, introduces the structural characteristics and working principles of three types of rotating self-renewal drill bits: rack driven, worm driven, and ratchet driven. It compares and analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of the three types of PDC drill bits, and provides a detailed introduction to the working principles and modes of the triggering device, transmission device, limit and locking device, and updating structure device of the drill bit. Relevant suggestions are proposed for the development of bottom hole self-renewal PDC drill bit technology, namely strengthening research efforts in intelligent judgment and recognition of cutting tooth wear of the drill bit and the integration of multiple technologies, and making contributions to the efficient development of deep sea energy in China.