Uncovering the Spread of Newcastle Disease Virus in Burkina Faso’s Village Poultry Systems: seroconversion rate and viral detection

Uncovering the Spread of Newcastle Disease Virus in Burkina Faso’s Village Poultry Systems: seroconversion rate and viral detection | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Uncovering the Spread of Newcastle Disease Virus in Burkina Faso’s Village Poultry Systems: seroconversion rate and viral detection Lalidia Bruno Ouoba, Lamouni Habibata Zerbo, Jean Bienvenue Ouoba, and 8 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9246508/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the most important viral diseases reducing poultry production throughout Africa. This is one of the reasons why this disease is subject to a large-scale annual vaccination program. In Burkina Faso, over the past decade, there has been an increase in unconfirmed cases of ND. Our study aimed to identify ND virus (NDV) circulation in traditional livestock farms in Burkina Faso. Results one hundred and ninety-five (195) poultry were sampled in 42 farms from four regions of Burkina Faso in 2022. NDV seroconversion was assessed using the ID Screen® Newcastle Disease Indirect kit. Birds from each farm were swabbed (nasopharyngeal and cloacal) to detect the presence of the virus, for a total of 102 swab pools. RNA extracted from the swab samples was tested by RT-qPCR using the OneStep RT-PCR Kit (Qiagen, Hilden). Antibodies to Newcastle disease virus were detected in 70.77 ± 6.38% (138/195) of the poultry tested (i.e. chicken, Guinea fowl, ducks, quails and turkey) and 100% of villages were positive for Newcastle disease antibodies. 23.81% of samples were RT-PCR positive. The seroconversion rate shows the presence of antibodies indicate exposure to NDV or NDV vaccine with a significantly higher in vaccinated poultry than in unvaccinated poultry (p = 0,0006). All study regions demonstrated virus circulation and poly-specific farms showed significantly less virus presence than mono-specific farms (p = 0,004). Conclusions the present study provides important information on anti-NDV antibody titers and the circulation of this avian virus in Burkina Faso. It also emphasizes the importance of maintaining vaccination programs and surveillance of avian diseases in Burkina Faso. Newcastle Disease Prevalence seroconversion Burkina Faso Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers invited by journal 21 Apr, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 15 Apr, 2026 Editor invited by journal 06 Apr, 2026 Submission checks completed at journal 03 Apr, 2026 First submitted to journal 03 Apr, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9246508","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":627569540,"identity":"d51df58e-c470-41cc-a89c-36c5d15780d5","order_by":0,"name":"Lalidia Bruno 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Research","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Newcastle Disease, Prevalence, seroconversion, Burkina Faso","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9246508/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9246508/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eNewcastle disease (ND) is one of the most important viral diseases reducing poultry production throughout Africa. This is one of the reasons why this disease is subject to a large-scale annual vaccination program. In Burkina Faso, over the past decade, there has been an increase in unconfirmed cases of ND. Our study aimed to identify ND virus (NDV) circulation in traditional livestock farms in Burkina Faso.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eone hundred and ninety-five (195) poultry were sampled in 42 farms from four regions of Burkina Faso in 2022. NDV seroconversion was assessed using the ID Screen\u0026reg; Newcastle Disease Indirect kit. Birds from each farm were swabbed (nasopharyngeal and cloacal) to detect the presence of the virus, for a total of 102 swab pools. RNA extracted from the swab samples was tested by RT-qPCR using the OneStep RT-PCR Kit (Qiagen, Hilden). Antibodies to Newcastle disease virus were detected in 70.77\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.38% (138/195) of the poultry tested (i.e. chicken, Guinea fowl, ducks, quails and turkey) and 100% of villages were positive for Newcastle disease antibodies. 23.81% of samples were RT-PCR positive. The seroconversion rate shows the presence of antibodies indicate exposure to NDV or NDV vaccine with a significantly higher in vaccinated poultry than in unvaccinated poultry (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0,0006). All study regions demonstrated virus circulation and poly-specific farms showed significantly less virus presence than mono-specific farms (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0,004).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusions\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003ethe present study provides important information on anti-NDV antibody titers and the circulation of this avian virus in Burkina Faso. 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