Controlling Volatility of Wind-Solar Power In Germany

Controlling Volatility of Wind-Solar Power In Germany | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Controlling Volatility of Wind-Solar Power In Germany Hans Lustfeld This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-1142831/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 10 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The main advantage of wind-solar power is the electric power production free of CO2. Its main disadvantage is the huge volatility of the system [national electric energy consumption powered by wind-solar power]. In fact, if this power production, averaged over one year, corresponds to the averaged electric consumption and is intended to replace all other electric power generating devices, then controlling the volatility of this system by using storage alone requires huge capacities of about 30TWh, capacities not available in Germany. However, based on German power data over the last six years (2015 till 2020) we show that the required storage capacity is decisively reduced, provided i) a surplus of wind-solar power is supplied, ii) smart meters are installed, iii) a different kind of wind turbines and solar panels is partially used, iv) a novel function describing this volatile system, is introduced. The new function, in turn, depends on three characteristic numbers, which means, that the volatility of this system is characterized by those numbers. When applying our schemes the results suggest that all the present electric energy in Germany can be obtained from controlled wind-solar power. And our results indicate that controlled wind-solar power can produce the energy for transportation, warm water, space heating and in part for process heating, requirering an increase of the electric energy production by a factor of 5. Then, however, a huge number of wind turbines and solar panels is required changing the appearance of German landscapes fundamentally. Energy Engineering wind-solar electric volatility turbines Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Major revision 24 Jan, 2022 Reviews received at journal 22 Jan, 2022 Reviewers agreed at journal 07 Jan, 2022 Reviews received at journal 06 Jan, 2022 Reviewers agreed at journal 27 Dec, 2021 Reviewers invited by journal 15 Dec, 2021 Editor assigned by journal 09 Dec, 2021 Editor invited by journal 06 Dec, 2021 Submission checks completed at journal 06 Dec, 2021 First submitted to journal 05 Dec, 2021 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-1142831","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":68395244,"identity":"d65dab09-c3a1-4955-a016-e5a6179dbb9f","order_by":0,"name":"Hans Lustfeld","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABDklEQVRIie2QsWrDMBCGTxzIi0hXBVPnFSQ8lOI+jEQgWVzo2KEQGYMyZnXfIp061sWQPkO3eulWaMniQikVSbO0yGQMRB8HguM+/ccBBAIHiAA07klgAOP6HYACRMQgAPYoxCkqdbMTXW0U3F/JZbVp4a48nAGxw89OJDTKP4oOBnqBWKyvIEt8yrkhNmZKpJS93RkOVN+WpIwrmKbexWqngPrSll/ev8hvqpcNscig0aZHGXZKzCzPW6NcysOvMutTuFtMUZ4TUztliVtFeRdrSJmxiZCWvcrCAE0r14mZmEpvylP5+NxdiNFJNG7dxVani/m8XbPrbORL+Xv/1e4rr/CPm/1HA4FA4Gj4AUVhTg+m2AMIAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Peter Grünberg Institut (PGI-1)","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hans","middleName":"","lastName":"Lustfeld","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2021-12-05 14:59:07","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1142831/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1142831/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":16297573,"identity":"a8ee97a3-fd52-4508-ab6d-dfc6e9f57575","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-12-08 23:14:03","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":430543,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"volatDSpReferee.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-1142831/v1_covered.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003eControlling Volatility of Wind-Solar Power In Germany\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"This preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-1142831/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e."}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"discover-energy","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"dien","sideBox":"Learn more about [Discover Energy](https://www.springer.com/43937)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Discover Energy","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Discover Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"wind-solar, electric, volatility, turbines","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-1142831/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1142831/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"The main advantage of wind-solar power is the electric power production free of CO2. 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