Which Muscle Mass Measurement Should we Prefer in the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition Criteria?

Objectives: The first aim of our study was to evaluate the malnutrition rates of patients separately with four different phenotypic methods (Calf Circumference (CC), Middle Arm Circumference (MAMC), Fat Free Mass Index (FFMI), and Handgrip Strength (HGS)) that define reduced muscle mass with the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM).The study's first aim was to determine the frequency of MN according to (Mini Nutritional Assessment) MNA and the GLIM criteria. The second aim was to evaluate the relationship between the energy and content of the foods consumed daily by older adults and four different phenotypic methods. Methods: The study included 238 outpatients. Anthropometric measurements, body composition and HGS of the patients were evaluated. The dietician recorded the 24-hour food consumption records of the patients. Results: The median age of outpatients included in the study was 68(60-85). The median Basal metabolic Index (BMI) value of the outpatients was 30.7(16.9-61.2). GLIM-MAMC was 26.9%, GLIM-CC was 28.1%, GLIM-FFMI was 31.5%, GLIM-HGS was 31.9%, and GLIM-2F+2E, 21.4% of outpatients. Conclusion: One of the most practical and straightforward methods to determine malnutrition in geriatric outpatients is the MAMC, which is more meaningful with food consumption recording. However, the method that determines the highest rate of MN according to HGS is the GLIM. By using these methods, the malnutrition of patients will not be neglected.