Molar-incisor Hypomineralization: Prevalence and Etiology in Children Seen at the Children's Clinic of the University of Fortaleza

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and etiology of Molar-Inciscible Hypomineralization (MIH), (n = 178) children seen at the Children's Clinic of the University of Fortaleza, relating them to the degree of severity, patient gender and the group of teeth most affected. This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in children seen at the Pediatric Dentistry Clinic of the University of Fortaleza between February 08, 2022 and October 14, 2022, where patients were randomly included in the study. Parents scheduled appointments for their children regarding a routine dental checkup or dental treatment appointment. The anamnesis data obtained from the interview with the guardian or the parents of the patients were collected in the form of a questionnaire. The prevalence of MIH found was 21.9%. Regarding the association between the patient's medical history and the presence or absence of MIH, it was found that patients who used antibiotics had a higher percentage of positive diagnosis for MIH (69.2%). Most of the defects found (15.7%) had a mild degree of severity. There was no significant association between patient gender and prevalence of MIH. The most affected teeth were the upper first permanent molars, followed by the lower teeth and then the upper central incisors.