Ovarian carcinosarcoma of heterologous type occurring in an endometriotic cyst with 3-year recurrence-free survival: a case report and literature review.

A 41-year-old premenopausal woman presented to our hospital with lower abdominal distention and epigastralgia. An ovarian endometriotic cyst was noted when she was 30 years, and was only followed up until she was 36 years. Suspecting rupture of an ovarian tumor, left adnexectomy was performed. The left ovarian tumor was diagnosed as an ovarian carcinosarcoma of the heterologous type occurring in the endometriotic cyst. The carcinosarcoma was composed of an admixture of high-grade carcinomatous and sarcomatous components, including rhabdomyosarcoma. Thereafter, secondary surgery was concluded, which confirmed the tumor stage to be pT1c3. She postoperatively received 6 cycles of docetaxel/carboplatin as adjuvant chemotherapy and achieved recurrence-free survival for 40 months. Among ovarian carcinosarcomas, cases occurring in endometriotic cysts are particularly rare and may have a relatively good prognosis, because tumor cells, especially sarcoma components, tend to be confined to the ovaries. Pathological estimation of the origin of carcinosarcoma is important, because it appears to correlate with prognosis. Similar content being viewed by others Availability of data and materials The data that support the findings of this case report are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.

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We would like to thank the clinical technologists of NTT Medical Center Tokyo for their assistance with the experiments, and Editage (www.editage.jp) for English language editing. Funding The authors received no financial support for this report. Author information Authors and Affiliations Contributions N.S., M.D., and Ma.S. clinically treated this patient, which included surgery; Mi.S., H.H., Y.S., and T.M. were responsible for the pathological diagnosis; and Mi.S. and H.H. prepared the manuscript. All authors have read and approved this manuscript. Corresponding author Ethics declarations Conflict of interest The authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Ethical approval An approval is not required for case report in our institutional ethical committee. Informed consent Informed consent was obtained from the patient. Additional information Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. About this article Cite this article Sumino, M., Hashimoto, H., Sato, N. et al. Ovarian carcinosarcoma of heterologous type occurring in an endometriotic cyst with 3-year recurrence-free survival: a case report and literature review. Int Canc Conf J 14, 21–26 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13691-024-00728-9 Received: Accepted: Published: Version of record: Issue date: DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13691-024-00728-9