Outage Performance and Energy Efficiency Optimization of Wireless-Powered Millimeter-Wave Sensor Networks

Outage Performance and Energy Efficiency Optimization of Wireless-Powered Millimeter-Wave Sensor Networks | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Outage Performance and Energy Efficiency Optimization of Wireless-Powered Millimeter-Wave Sensor Networks Xiao Fuan, Li Xiaowu, Tang Kun, Luo Entao This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3168693/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 02 Jan, 2024 Read the published version in EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking → Version 1 posted 6 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract With the widespread use of wireless sensor networks, one of the most pressing concerns is extending the lifetime of the sensors. By deploying directional antenna arrays, millimeter wave (mmWave) is a possible candidate for wireless energy transfer (WET). This paper investigates a beneficial combination of WPT and data transmission in a typical mmWave sensor network with Rayleigh channels, where a transmission interval can be divided into two sub-intervals. During the first sub-interval, one hybrid access point (HAP) employs beamforming techniques to transfer energy for serving multiple sensors within the service sector. The sensors then transmit their individual signal in turn to the HAP based on time division multiple address (TDMA) strategy by using the whole harvested energy. According to stochastic geometry, the exact and approximate expressions of conditional beam outage probability for the considered system are determined, respectively. The optimal time allocation of energy harvesting and data transmission for sensors is examined in order to maximize the energy efficiency of the system. The optimization problem can be translated into corresponding parametric form, and the resulting optimization problem can be solved using the Lagrange dual method with Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions. The numerical results show the variation trend of the beam outage probability under various parameters and verify the accuracy of the theoretical analyses. Furthermore, the simulation results illustrate that the proposed optimal time allocation strategy can significantly enhance the overall energy efficiency of the system compared with other similar scheme. Wireless sensor networks millimeter-wave wireless power transfer optimal time allocation energy efficiency Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 02 Jan, 2024 Read the published version in EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking → Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 08 Aug, 2023 Reviewers invited by journal 08 Aug, 2023 Editor assigned by journal 26 Jul, 2023 Submission checks completed at journal 25 Jul, 2023 Editor invited by journal 25 Jul, 2023 First submitted to journal 25 Jul, 2023 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3168693","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":224259890,"identity":"520bbcf4-dd30-4ae1-98bd-1693654e50bc","order_by":0,"name":"Xiao Fuan","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-0909-2196","institution":"Hunan University of Science and Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiao","middleName":"","lastName":"Fuan","suffix":""},{"id":224259891,"identity":"b0b7c1bf-5750-4eae-af2f-c4098c42f608","order_by":1,"name":"Li Xiaowu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hunan University of Science and Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Li","middleName":"","lastName":"Xiaowu","suffix":""},{"id":224259892,"identity":"d4547b50-f723-48c9-b2bc-5a251086228e","order_by":2,"name":"Tang Kun","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA00lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACxgYGBjkom5mwch6oFmMoTYKWxAaitdiznz38cmbbnfT57WfMHzBUWCc2sJ89gN8Wnrw0y41tz3I3nMkxbGA4k57YwJOXQMBhOWaGD9sO526Q4DFsYGw7nNggwWOAXwv/G7CWdPkZIC3/iNEikWP8cGPb4QSGGyAtDcRoufHGjHHGucOGG86kFc5IOJZu3MaTg18Le3+O8ceessPy8u2HN3z4UGMt289+Br8WIGCTgDMTQFxC6oGA+QMRikbBKBgFo2AkAwDvu0Zr/Krm8QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6993-5347","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tang","middleName":"","lastName":"Kun","suffix":""},{"id":224259893,"identity":"cb0e9ead-c11c-48f6-92f0-2bd050fb0892","order_by":3,"name":"Luo Entao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Hunan University of Science and Engineering","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Luo","middleName":"","lastName":"Entao","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-07-14 01:14:32","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3168693/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3168693/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13638-023-02328-2","type":"published","date":"2024-01-02T15:01:47+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":49315978,"identity":"c6fbd17b-2eac-4d6f-8321-3326fd95c4a4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-01-08 15:11:20","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":726788,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3168693/v1_covered_0496a391-a445-44b9-b163-5055cb8d95a2.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Outage Performance and Energy Efficiency Optimization of Wireless-Powered Millimeter-Wave Sensor Networks","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"eurasip-journal-on-wireless-communications-and-networking","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jwcn","sideBox":"Learn more about [EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking](http://jwcn-eurasipjournals.springeropen.com)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/jwcn/default.aspx","title":"EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking","twitterHandle":"@SpringerEng","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC/SO AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Wireless sensor networks, millimeter-wave, wireless power transfer, optimal time allocation, energy efficiency","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3168693/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3168693/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eWith the widespread use of wireless sensor networks, one of the most pressing concerns is extending the lifetime of the sensors. 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