Genetic Structure in 21 Remnant Phoebe Sheareri Populations in Southern China: Implications for Genetic Resource Conservation

Background: Phoebe sheareri (Lauraceae) is a valuable and endemic tree species in China, with limited large natural communities remnant. Genetic diversity and differentiation analysis are essential to manage their conservation and utilization. To provide a conservation and utilization strategy of P. sheareri based on sound genetic diversity and differentiation data. Results: : We found medium level of genetic diversity and low inbreeding. Nei's gene diversity and Shannon’s information index value showed medium genetic diversity in nature populations of P. sheareri , which was higher than other two Phoebe species. AMOVA showed the genetic differentiation among populations was significantly, and 21.2% of genetic variation was among populations. Bayesian clustering, obtained with STRUCTURE, grouped the populations into four genetic clusters, whereas UPGMA analysis distinguished three main groups approximately in line with the geographic area of occurrence. Conclusion: Based on the study results, the establishment of gene conservation units must be considered in nature conserves in order to protect the genetic diversity of the species, and the proposal of sampling strategies for ex situ conservation and reforestation.