Risk Factors of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis among Tuberculosis Patients in Province 3, Nepal: A case-control study

Background Drug-resistant tuberculosis poses a significant threat to global TB control efforts, potentially reversing progress made in reducing TB-related morbidity and mortality. This study aims to identify risk factors for multidrug-resistant TB [MDR-TB] in Province 3, Nepal. Methodology A case-control study was conducted by matching TB-infected patients undergoing MDR-TB treatment and DS-TB treatment by gender. Data was collected through structured questionnaires and interviews and analyzed using binary logistic regression. Results Significant risk factors for MDR-TB included Pulmonary Tuberculosis [PTB], previous TB treatment history, close contact with DR-TB patients, and subjective feelings of sadness. Conclusion The study highlights the importance of prevention measures to break transmission chains and infection control in health facilities. Additionally, it underscores the need for mental health support for TB patients.