Multisystem injury by Intrauterine Device: a report of five cases and literature review

Background: IUD placement is a widely used method of contraception in China and is currently recommended by the World Health Organization as a first-line contraceptive program，Intrauterine Device Migration can cause multiple system damage，Experts other than urologists and gynecologists often ignore this trigger.We aim to summarize cases and provide clinicians with more appropriate treatment options. Case presentation We reported five cases of ectopic IUDs and its effect on multiple systems, 2 cases underwent laparoscopic treatment, 2 cases underwent hysteroscopy, and one case underwent laparoscopic free ectopic contraceptive ring removal and ureter-bladder replantation, with no surgery post-complication difference. Combining the five cases in our hospital, researchers searched PubMed, and other databases in the last 10 years to determine similar studies. A total of 48 cases were ectopic to the urinary system, including ectopic to bladder (42 cases 87.5%), ureter (5 cases 10.4%), urethra (1 case 2.0%); ectopic to digestive system, 41 cases;20 cases from ectopic to reproductive system,65 cases underwent laparoscopic technology (50.7%), endoscopy (15.6%), and open surgery accounted for only 9%. Discussion: and Conclusions Specialists other than urologists and gynecologists should not ignore injuries caused by Intrauterine Device Migration. Clinicians should choose the appropriate surgical plan according to the position of the ectopic to relieve the complications.