Neural Mechanisms of Visual-Spatial Judgment Behavior under Visual and Auditory Constraints: Evidence from EEG during Handgun Shooting

Light and noise are important factors affecting shooting performance, and shooters will develop physiological processes that differ from normal shooting when they are subjected to disturbed visual and auditory conditions. The purpose of this study was to explore the neural mechanism of shooting preparation in skilled shooters with visual and auditory limitations. We designed an experiment and recorded the electroencephalograph (EEG) and shooting performance indexes of 40 skilled marksmanship during the shooting preparation stage under three conditions: low light, noise interference and normal environment. EEG relative band power features and event-related desynchronization/synchronization(ERD/ERS) features were extracted and analyzed. The results showed that (1) the average score of shooters was 8.55 under normal conditions, 7.71 under visually restricted conditions, and 8.50 under auditory restricted conditions; (2) the relative EEG band power in the frontal lobe (Fp1, Fp2), frontal lobe (F4, F8), left temporal region (T7), central lobe (CP2) and parietal lobe (P3, PO3) in the theta band was significantly lower than that in the other two environments (p < 0.05).(3) In low-light environment, a significant negative correlation was found between the central region, the left and right temporal region and the parietal lobe (p < 0.05).