Economic Impact and Postoperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Carpal Tunnel Surgery: A Comparison Between Local Anesthesia and General Anesthesia

Abstract Structured Abstract Objective: This study aimed to compare the economic impact and postoperative outcomes between the local anesthesia technique (WALANT) and general anesthesia in carpal tunnel release surgeries. Methods: A prospective comparative study was conducted involving 251 patients diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. The patients were divided into two groups: the WALANT group, consisting of 140 patients who underwent surgery with local anesthesia, and the General Anesthesia group, with 111 patients. Costs were analyzed and compared, as well as clinical outcomes, including postoperative pain, patient satisfaction, and time to return to daily activities. Results: The average cost per patient was significantly lower in the WALANT group (R$252,000.00) compared to the general anesthesia group (R$506,084.00). Additionally, patients in the WALANT group reported lower postoperative pain and returned to daily activities more quickly. Conclusion: The average cost per patient in the WALANT group was approximately 64% lower than in the general anesthesia group. The WALANT technique has proven to be an economical and effective alternative for carpal tunnel surgery, with clinical outcomes comparable to those of general anesthesia. The choice of anesthetic technique should be based on an individualized assessment, considering costs and patient preferences.