Effect of the cooling temperature on the critical thrust force to avoid delamination when drilling carbon fiber-reinforced polymers

Effect of the cooling temperature on the critical thrust force to avoid delamination when drilling carbon fiber-reinforced polymers | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Effect of the cooling temperature on the critical thrust force to avoid delamination when drilling carbon fiber-reinforced polymers Yingying Wei, Jiangxin Wu, Zhiquan Deng, Jiaze Gao, Weijie Pu This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6559596/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 11 Feb, 2026 Read the published version in The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology → Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are widely utilized in aerospace and rail transportation industries due to their superior strength-to-weight ratio and structural efficiency. However, the inherent anisotropic properties and relatively low transverse thermal conductivity of CFRPs present substantial challenges during drilling operations. Specifically, the heat generated during machining tends to accumulate within the cutting zone, causing localized temperature increases. This phenomenon leads to softening of the polymer matrix and a heightened risk of delamination-a critical defect that compromised the integrity of components. To mitigate these issues, this study systematically investigated the thermal-mechanical interactions during CFRP drilling through experiments conducted under controlled cooling temperatures ranging from ambient conditions down to -45°C. The research aimed to elucidate the relationships among drilling-induced temperature, axial thrust force, and the critical threshold for delamination initiation. A novel temperature-dependent analytical model was developed to predict the critical thrust force, accounting for temperature-sensitive material properties such as fracture toughness and elastic moduli, as well as the dynamic load distribution between the drill's chisel edge and cutting lips. Experimental findings revealed that cooling temperature significantly affected delamination behavior, with optimal suppression observed at intermediate cooling levels. These results offered valuable insights for optimizing drilling parameters to minimize thermal damage in high-performance CFRP components. Critical thrust force Cooling temperature Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer Delamination Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 11 Feb, 2026 Read the published version in The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Major Revisions Needed 20 Jul, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 15 May, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 15 May, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 01 May, 2025 First submitted to journal 29 Apr, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6559596","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":456961511,"identity":"cc0d745f-7ef5-4be4-b335-0994d02ba6eb","order_by":0,"name":"Yingying Wei","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAsklEQVRIiWNgGAWjYLCChAobOTb29gOkaDmTZszHcyaBBC2MLYcS50k4GBCn2uBGjuGDhw0H0tskGBIYflRsI0qLsUHijju5bdKNBxh7ztwmRkvuNonEM89y22QOJDAzthGnZfuPxLbD6WwSCQZEa9nGANSSQLwWyTPvP0sAA9mwDRjIB4nyC9/xtMSPPyps5OXb2w8++FFBhBaFCwkIzgHC6oFAvp84daNgFIyCUTCSAQCX8kSd+/c45gAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0145-3864","institution":"Southwest Jiaotong University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yingying","middleName":"","lastName":"Wei","suffix":""},{"id":456961512,"identity":"be517b31-f0b0-483d-aaa0-c9f29e3d941b","order_by":1,"name":"Jiangxin Wu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiangxin","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""},{"id":456961513,"identity":"36c9e091-da55-44f9-af29-bc9bbec7fb4f","order_by":2,"name":"Zhiquan Deng","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhiquan","middleName":"","lastName":"Deng","suffix":""},{"id":456961514,"identity":"9839c2a9-fe7e-474b-9d71-e1bff126ac96","order_by":3,"name":"Jiaze Gao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jiaze","middleName":"","lastName":"Gao","suffix":""},{"id":456961515,"identity":"d1d3804c-bd2a-4b06-926f-b28a99ddb520","order_by":4,"name":"Weijie Pu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Weijie","middleName":"","lastName":"Pu","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-04-29 22:01:38","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6559596/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6559596/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-026-17420-2","type":"published","date":"2026-02-11T15:59:15+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":102785353,"identity":"b241c050-ccc2-41e8-a5f8-3970da9150d4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-02-16 16:05:33","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1071780,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Modelingandexperimentalvalidationofcriticalthrust.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6559596/v1_covered_e43be455-66b2-429a-b429-1ed180bb6b11.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Effect of the cooling temperature on the critical thrust force to avoid delamination when drilling carbon fiber-reinforced polymers","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":true,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"the-international-journal-of-advanced-manufacturing-technology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jamt","sideBox":"Learn more about [The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology](https://www.springer.com/journal/170)","snPcode":"170","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/170/3","title":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Critical thrust force, Cooling temperature, Carbon fiber-reinforced polymer, Delamination","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6559596/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6559596/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eCarbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) are widely utilized in aerospace and rail transportation industries due to their superior strength-to-weight ratio and structural efficiency. However, the inherent anisotropic properties and relatively low transverse thermal conductivity of CFRPs present substantial challenges during drilling operations. Specifically, the heat generated during machining tends to accumulate within the cutting zone, causing localized temperature increases. This phenomenon leads to softening of the polymer matrix and a heightened risk of delamination-a critical defect that compromised the integrity of components. To mitigate these issues, this study systematically investigated the thermal-mechanical interactions during CFRP drilling through experiments conducted under controlled cooling temperatures ranging from ambient conditions down to -45\u0026deg;C. The research aimed to elucidate the relationships among drilling-induced temperature, axial thrust force, and the critical threshold for delamination initiation. A novel temperature-dependent analytical model was developed to predict the critical thrust force, accounting for temperature-sensitive material properties such as fracture toughness and elastic moduli, as well as the dynamic load distribution between the drill's chisel edge and cutting lips. Experimental findings revealed that cooling temperature significantly affected delamination behavior, with optimal suppression observed at intermediate cooling levels. These results offered valuable insights for optimizing drilling parameters to minimize thermal damage in high-performance CFRP components.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Effect of the cooling temperature on the critical thrust force to avoid delamination when drilling carbon fiber-reinforced polymers","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-05-19 10:42:45","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6559596/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Major Revisions Needed","date":"2025-07-20T23:23:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2025-05-15T10:27:03+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-05-15T08:52:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-05-02T03:32:13+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","date":"2025-04-29T18:00:27+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"the-international-journal-of-advanced-manufacturing-technology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jamt","sideBox":"Learn more about [The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology](https://www.springer.com/journal/170)","snPcode":"170","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/170/3","title":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"447d511e-bc0d-471d-91a5-1cdb79905fa0","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 19th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-02-16T16:02:28+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-6559596","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-026-17420-2","journal":{"identity":"the-international-journal-of-advanced-manufacturing-technology","isVorOnly":false,"title":"The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology"},"publishedOn":"2026-02-11 15:59:15","publishedOnDateReadable":"February 11th, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-05-19 10:42:45","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s00170-026-17420-2","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-026-17420-2","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6559596","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6559596","identity":"rs-6559596","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}