Tunable and adjustable broadband RF photonic fractional Hilbert transformer based on a Kerr soliton crystal optical microcomb  

Tunable and adjustable broadband RF photonic fractional Hilbert transformer based on a Kerr soliton crystal optical microcomb   | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Tunable and adjustable broadband RF photonic fractional Hilbert transformer based on a Kerr soliton crystal optical microcomb Mengxi Tan, Xingyuan Xu, David Moss This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-406846/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract We demonstrate an RF photonic fractional Hilbert transformer based on an integrated Kerr micro-comb source featuring a record low free spectral range of 49 GHz. By programming and shaping the comb lines according to calculated tap weights for up to 39 wavelengths across the C-band, we achieve tunable bandwidths ranging from 1.2 to 15.3 GHz as well as variable center frequencies from baseband to 9.5 GHz, for both standard integral and arbitrary fractional orders. We experimentally characterize the RF amplitude and phase response of the tunable bandpass and lowpass Hilbert transformers with 90 and 45-degree phase shifts. The experimental results show good agreement with theory, confirming the effectiveness of our approach as a powerful way to implement standard and fractional order Hilbert transformers with broad and variable bandwidths and center frequencies, with high reconfigurability and greatly reduced size and complexity. Optics/Lasers Kerr frequency comb Hilbert transform integrated optics all-optical signal processing Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Full Text Declarations Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-406846","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":20654109,"identity":"2cde4f53-93d0-4a03-874a-d2a9951a78de","order_by":0,"name":"Mengxi Tan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Swinburne University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mengxi","middleName":"","lastName":"Tan","suffix":""},{"id":20654110,"identity":"263e08ee-aa31-489e-84e2-1227d4f0903a","order_by":1,"name":"Xingyuan Xu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Monash University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xingyuan","middleName":"","lastName":"Xu","suffix":""},{"id":20654108,"identity":"0f895a65-16a9-4abb-88e4-028499b741f5","order_by":2,"name":"David Moss","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAv0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDCCAyCigoGBDUTzEK/lDMlaGNugHKK08F07fPjjz3l1iX3SDYwP3rYxyBscIKBF8nZamjTvtsOJbTIHmA3ntjEYbiCkxeB2jhkz47YDuW0SCWzSvG0MjMRoMf74c04dSAv7b6AWe2K0GEjwNjCDbWEGakkkqAXsF55jh+vbJBKbJeeck0ieSUgL3+3kwx9/1NQZy89IPvjhTZmNbR8hLUiAsQFISBCvfhSMglEwCkYBbgAAag1BanhL11sAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5195-1744","institution":"Swinburne University of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"David","middleName":"","lastName":"Moss","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2021-04-10 05:18:09","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-406846/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-406846/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":8184264,"identity":"092705b2-334a-4579-a4f3-f5ac2f9ae3cf","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-19 19:42:38","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":478066,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Schematic diagram of fractional Hilbert transformer based on an integrated soliton crystal Kerr microcomb source. EDFA: erbium-doped fiber amplifier. PC: polarization controller. MRR: micro-ring resonator. WS: WaveShaper. IM: Intensity modulator. SMF: single mode fiber. OSA: optical spectrum analyzer. BPD: Balanced photodetector. VNA: vector network analyzer. ","description":"","filename":"Image1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-406846/v1/8089d13f2e8fb9be6626e330.jpg"},{"id":8184967,"identity":"99e515c8-d354-4db1-a568-c114ac2119ad","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-19 19:45:38","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":192067,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Schematic illustration of the integrated MRR for generating the Kerr frequency comb and the optical spectrum of the generated soliton crystal combs with a 100-nm span. ","description":"","filename":"drawingimage1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-406846/v1/4c634a1eb86c59d69a5a9a65.png"},{"id":8185718,"identity":"23a79ef3-5751-4a1e-b206-89d8508a758a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-19 19:48:39","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":174604,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Designed and measured optical spectra for (a)~(e) Tunable bandpass Hilbert transformer with 90-degree phase shift. (f)~(j) Tunable lowpass Hilbert transformer with 90-degree phase shift. (k)~(o) Tunable bandpass fractional Hilbert transformer with 45-degree phase shift. ","description":"","filename":"drawingimage2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-406846/v1/4409a6e57b88f6acc0c1db57.png"},{"id":8184968,"identity":"cf53d022-3fa5-4753-94d3-5a9123db8014","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-19 19:45:38","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":149483,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Simulated (dashed curves) and experimental (solid curves) results of tunable bandpass Hilbert transformer with 90-degree phase shift. ","description":"","filename":"drawingimage3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-406846/v1/84ba187843032884abe8c028.png"},{"id":8185719,"identity":"6fd370ee-46c9-4253-945a-2de4ee787311","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-19 19:48:39","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":149469,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Simulated (dashed curves) and experimental (solid curves) results of tunable lowpass Hilbert transformer with 90-degree phase shift. \n\n","description":"","filename":"drawingimage5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-406846/v1/68537baa682a78d4b3edd679.png"},{"id":8184969,"identity":"503afe55-0ae2-4902-9a8e-0d677909eb99","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-19 19:45:39","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":141855,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Simulated (dashed curves) and experimental (solid curves) results of tunable bandpass fractional Hilbert transformer with 45-degree phase shift. \n\n","description":"","filename":"drawingimage4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-406846/v1/72c3e41a473063c99ac05a73.png"},{"id":13622966,"identity":"2519658f-b8e2-4f70-9495-7c3905fb2781","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-09-17 07:16:36","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":3178107,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"JLTtunableHT2021ResSquare.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-406846/v1_covered.pdf"},{"id":8186356,"identity":"e0aa2c38-4475-4ee5-bfcb-308dfd88667e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-19 19:51:44","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":6037274,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"JLTtunableHT2021ResSquare.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-406846/v1_stamped.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e Tunable and adjustable broadband RF photonic fractional Hilbert transformer based on a Kerr soliton crystal optical microcomb \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"This preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-406846/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e."},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interests:\u003c/strong\u003e The authors declare no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"Swinburne University of Technology","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Kerr frequency comb, Hilbert transform, integrated optics, all-optical signal processing","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-406846/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-406846/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eWe demonstrate an RF photonic fractional Hilbert transformer based on an integrated Kerr micro-comb source featuring a record low free spectral range of 49 GHz. By programming and shaping the comb lines according to calculated tap weights for up to 39 wavelengths across the C-band, we achieve tunable bandwidths ranging from 1.2 to 15.3 GHz as well as variable center frequencies from baseband to 9.5 GHz, for both standard integral and arbitrary fractional orders. We experimentally characterize the RF amplitude and phase response of the tunable bandpass and lowpass Hilbert transformers with 90 and 45-degree phase shifts. The experimental results show good agreement with theory, confirming the effectiveness of our approach as a powerful way to implement standard and fractional order Hilbert transformers with broad and variable bandwidths and center frequencies, with high reconfigurability and greatly reduced size and complexity.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Tunable and adjustable broadband RF photonic fractional Hilbert transformer based on a Kerr soliton crystal optical microcomb \u0026nbsp;","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2021-04-19 19:42:37","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-406846/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"1c42c29a-11e7-40d2-8986-45a49e951716","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 19th, 2021","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":3544996,"name":"Optics/Lasers"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2021-04-19T19:42:37+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2021-04-19 19:42:37","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-406846","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-406846","identity":"rs-406846","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"_2-kVJe1T_tPrBINL-cwx","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}