Evaluation of the dynamic viscosity in hemoglobin solutions using proton magnetic relaxation

Evaluation of the dynamic viscosity in hemoglobin solutions using proton magnetic relaxation | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Evaluation of the dynamic viscosity in hemoglobin solutions using proton magnetic relaxation Néstor Juan Rodríguez de la Cruz, Yulianela Mengana Torres, Juan Carlos García Naranjo, and 8 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4181595/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract A Proton Magnetic Relaxation method to determine the absolute dynamic viscosity in samples of hemoglobin (Hb) solutions ( η Hb ) is presented. The approach is based on the inverse relationship between this physical parameter and the transverse proton magnetic relaxation time ( T 2 ). The Hb samples were voluntary obtained from whole blood of healthy individuals and patients, and processed by classical methods (centrifugation, decanting and freezing-thawing cycles).The Carr-Purcell-Meiboon-Gill pulse sequence was employed to determine T 2 in a Tecmag Magnetic Resonance console coupled to a magnet of 0. 095 T and the temperature of measurement was 293 K. A theoretical expression was derived; which properly describes the experimental behavior of the transverse proton magnetic relaxation rate ( R 2 ) with η Hb . This equation was successfully used to estimate η Hb in samples belonging to 10 healthy individuals considering that the values obtained statistically match with those measured using an Ostwald viscometer. The potential utility, for medical applications, of this proton magnetic resonance based method was observed estimating η Hb in samples belonging to 46 sickle cell disease patients; being the estimated values bigger than those obtained for the case of healthy individuals due to the increasing in the intermolecular interactions inside the hemoglobin S solution, which is provoked by the presence of HbS polymers and fragments of this type of polymers. To use this method a special care must be taken with the temperature and the frequency of resonance used, as well as with the homogeneity of the static magnetic system. Additionally; the presence inside the sample of external amount of water, paramagnetic compounds and/or other biological materials must be avoided. dynamic viscosity hemoglobin solution transverse proton magnetic relaxation Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4181595","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":286125132,"identity":"bae7b5e3-dcfc-4e0d-882d-8b7c7f2d492d","order_by":0,"name":"Néstor Juan Rodríguez de la Cruz","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidad Autónoma de Santo Domingo","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Néstor","middleName":"Juan Rodríguez de la","lastName":"Cruz","suffix":""},{"id":286125133,"identity":"0afeafad-b8fc-4d96-b8fe-63bd5e2c4a44","order_by":1,"name":"Yulianela Mengana Torres","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Centro de Biofísica Médica, Universidad de Oriente","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yulianela","middleName":"Mengana","lastName":"Torres","suffix":""},{"id":286125134,"identity":"f686f963-33a7-476b-a9d3-4cc7df6ab242","order_by":2,"name":"Juan Carlos García Naranjo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Centro de Biofísica Médica, Universidad de Oriente","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Juan","middleName":"Carlos García","lastName":"Naranjo","suffix":""},{"id":286125135,"identity":"71c11a45-1404-46ed-8dd3-914ed683be35","order_by":3,"name":"Beatriz T. 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The approach is based on the inverse relationship between this physical parameter and the transverse proton magnetic relaxation time (\u003cem\u003eT\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e). The Hb samples were voluntary obtained from whole blood of healthy individuals and patients, and processed by classical methods (centrifugation, decanting and freezing-thawing cycles).The Carr-Purcell-Meiboon-Gill pulse sequence was employed to determine \u003cem\u003eT\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e in a Tecmag Magnetic Resonance console coupled to a magnet of 0. 095 T and the temperature of measurement was 293 K. A theoretical expression was derived; which properly describes the experimental behavior of the transverse proton magnetic relaxation rate (\u003cem\u003eR\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e) with \u003cem\u003eη\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eHb\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e. This equation was successfully used to estimate \u003cem\u003eη\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eHb\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e in samples belonging to 10 healthy individuals considering that the values obtained statistically match with those measured using an Ostwald viscometer. The potential utility, for medical applications, of this proton magnetic resonance based method was observed estimating \u003cem\u003eη\u003c/em\u003e\u003csub\u003e\u003cem\u003eHb\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sub\u003e in samples belonging to 46 sickle cell disease patients; being the estimated values bigger than those obtained for the case of healthy individuals due to the increasing in the intermolecular interactions inside the hemoglobin S solution, which is provoked by the presence of HbS polymers and fragments of this type of polymers. To use this method a special care must be taken with the temperature and the frequency of resonance used, as well as with the homogeneity of the static magnetic system. Additionally; the presence inside the sample of external amount of water, paramagnetic compounds and/or other biological materials must be avoided.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Evaluation of the dynamic viscosity in hemoglobin solutions using proton magnetic relaxation","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-04-02 04:24:11","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4181595/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"1c6eb47b-a72b-4829-bf9f-b09a682c3715","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 2nd, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-06-14T13:25:08+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-04-02 04:24:11","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4181595","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4181595","identity":"rs-4181595","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}