Large endometriosis – case report

Large endometriosis – case report Janina Markowska1,2, Radosław Mądry1,2, Bartosz Kasprzak2 Endometriosis develops in about 10% of women in their fertile age, it is estrogen-dependent and is an important clinical problem. The main symptoms are: chronic pain of the minor pelvis, dysmenorrhea, and dyspareunia, with about 50% of patients being infertile; relapses of the disease are frequent. There are many theories linked to the etiopathogenesis: 1) implantation of the endometrium through salpinges to the abdominal cavity and organs located in the minor pelvis, 2) local immunodeficiency, 3) changes in cellular adhesion and cytokine profile, 4) environmental factors, 5) angiogenesis disorders, 6) genetic predispositions. In our report, we described a case of a patient, age 46, nullipara. The patient’s examination revealed a mass that was palpable in the abdomen and could be felt up to the level of four fingers below the navel. Serum CA-125 was 40.4 U/mL. The ultrasound examination per rectum showed a slightly enlarged uterus with normal endometrium, the right ovary without any pathological changes, and the left ovary changed into a cyst of 15 centimeters in diameter with the superior border not clearly visible. Typical clinical symptoms for endometriosis, like persistent pain in the abdomen, flatulence, bloating, dysmenorrhea, urinary incontinence were not observed in that patient. Surgery was performed in which 1000 mL of fluid were evacuated from the endometrial cyst.