Phenological response of olive cultivars to climate variation in Morocco

Phenological response of olive cultivars to climate variation in Morocco | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Phenological response of olive cultivars to climate variation in Morocco Houssam-eddine BOUKHRISS, Osama Kodad, Meryem Erami, Halima Hajjioui, and 8 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6036028/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Climatic factors strongly influence the phenology of olive trees. The timing of flowering, in particular, responds strongly to climatic drivers, most notably to variation in temperature. To gain insights into prospective impacts of climate change, which is projected to generate decreases in winter chill as well as increases in spring heat, we assess the response of olive trees to temperature variation. To date, few studies have focused on assessing floral bud dormancy and growth dynamics of olive in mild cropping areas such as Morocco. Experiments were conducted during two seasons, 2020–2021 and 2021–2022, on four olive cultivars (Picholine Marocaine, Haouzia, Dahbia and Arbequina) in Khenifra, Morocco. We used forcing tests to determine the endodormancy release dates and to estimate chill and heat requirements. Throughout the trees’ dormancy period, we measured fresh flower bud weights before and after a forcing period of 7 days in a growing room at 7-day intervals. Climatic requirements are a major determinant of a cultivar’s ability to thrive under future climate conditions. Our findings demonstrated differences among the studied olive cultivars in terms of endodormancy and ecodormancy durations, chill and heat requirements and flowering dates. The cultivar Arbequina showed an early date of endodormancy release, with low chill requirements. Picholine Marocaine and Dahbia showed late flowering dates, related to relatively high chill requirements. For all cultivars, effective bud growth activity started around the date of endodormancy release or a few days later, as indicated by the water content in floral buds exceeding 30%, with little genotypic variation in the process of transition from the endodormancy to the ecodormancy phase. For all cultivars over the two years, flowering occurred after an average heat accumulation of between 6,774 and 8,051 GDH. This study demonstrated that cultivating and growing Picholine Marocaine and Dahbia together in the same orchard could be a potentially efficient way to improve cross-pollination, productivity and yield of olives. This combination showed relatively similar phenological behavior in terms of flowering time in response to temperature variation. Olive tree Flowering Chill and heat requirements Dormancy climate change Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 1. Introduction Olive ( Olea europaea L.) is the main fruit tree species cultivated in Morocco, covering more than 1.2 million ha and representing more than 55% of Morocco’s current fruit tree orchards. Although olive trees can be found throughout Morocco’s national territory, along a transect of more than 700 km in length and under contrasting ecological and climatic conditions, the geographical distribution of olive cultivation highlights two contrasting production systems, rainfed and irrigated systems, which exhibit considerable differences in terms of the varieties that are grown and the cultivation environment. Despite the importance of olive in Morocco, the varietal panel features a single major variety, Picholine Marocaine (locally called "Zeitoun" or "Zeitoun Beldi") that prevails in traditional olive orchards with about 95% of the total olive cropping area (Boulouha et al. 1992 ; Khadari et al. 2008 ). Olive varieties are very sensitive to the influences of climatic conditions and cultural practices, which impact the growth and development of olive trees and, therefore, fruit and olive oil yields (Hackett and Hartmann 1967 ). The optimal climate conditions for successful flowering and fruit set are characterized by cold and rainy winters, with temperatures rarely falling below 0°C, and warm and sunny summers, which are conducive to flowering and fruiting. Phenological stages are highly impacted by variation in climatic conditions, since their timing strongly depends on environmental factors such as temperature (Colbrant and Fabre 1975). Olive varieties can be classified according to their flowering dates into early, intermediate and late flowering cultivars, with flowering behavior strongly shaped by the climatic environment where each variety has been selected. In the Mediterranean area, floral buds of olives enter their dormancy phase in autumn, when they reduce their physiological and metabolic activities. After dormancy has been released, buds sprout and continue their development until they reach advanced flowering stages during April or May. The flowering duration may be more than three weeks, depending on location and seasonal weather. Once flowers have been successfully pollinated, olive fruit set occurs, followed by fruit development until fruits reach a certain size and specific color during summer. After reaching the final stage of maturation in autumn, fruits can be harvested and the cycle is completed. The physiological phenomenon of floral induction is responsible for initiating flowering. It depends largely on intrinsic factors of the tree, notably its nutritional level and its genetic characteristics. The latter define the seasonal hormonal balance, affecting primordium development, flower induction/differentiation and length of inflorescence, with only a limited influence of external factors such as temperature, rainfall and photoperiod (Rallo and Martin 1991 ; Fernandez-Escobar et al. 1992 ). In olive trees of Morocco, floral induction occurs in June-July in buds carried by the current year’s twigs (Rallo and Martin 1991 ; Fernandez-Escobar et al. 1992 ). The processes of floral induction and flowering, which are dependent on thermal conditions, generally occur after bud endodormancy has been released. Bud dormancy is a reversible physiological state of the buds of many tree species, especially in temperate deciduous fruits of the Rosaceae, which is characterized by a reduction in metabolic activities and interactions with the external environment (Dennis 1994 ). Lang ( 1987 ) subdivided the dormancy period into three phases: i) the paradormancy during which bud growth is inhibited by endogenous physiological factors outside the bud, (ii) the endodormancy which is characterized by inhibition of buds by factors inside the bud and (iii) the ecodormancy phase during which buds influenced by environmental factors, particularly temperature. The transition from endodormancy to ecodormancy occurs in response to low temperatures that allow buds to fulfill their chill requirements, which vary among species and varieties. Their fulfillment restores the ability of buds to grow but it does not directly promote growth (Rohde and Bhalerao 2007 ). During the subsequent ecodormancy phase, warm temperatures may initiate budburst. Whether all details of the concept of winter dormancy can be directly transferred from deciduous trees to evergreen species such as olive remains under some debate, with major knowledge gaps being related to the period of flower differentiation, the effect of alternate bearing (the ON/OFF status of trees) and the physiological mechanisms involved in the dormancy process. A number of studies have explored the temperature response of dormant olive buds. For instance, Hackett and Hartmann ( 1967 ) demonstrated that temperatures of 4°C or below will fulfill the major portion of the temperature requirements, but temperatures between 10–13°C are more effective during the end of the chill accumulation phase. Several years later, Badr and Hartmann ( 1971 ) confirmed that olive trees, despite their evergreen growth habit, require certain exposure to winter chill to ensure good flower induction. Moreover, Belguerri ( 2016 ) highlighted that olive bud development may be prevented if temperatures are constantly > 16°C, with trees needing at least one month at temperatures < 11–12°C to fulfill their chill requirements. Exposure to low temperatures during winter plays an important role in the floral induction and subsequent differentiation (Lavee 1996 ), with more effective flower bud differentiation reported during cold years than during warm ones. This difference has been explained by the inhibitory effect that high temperature can have on induction and subsequent flower formation (Ouksili 1983 ; Malik and Bradford 2006 ). Once chill accumulation is over, olive trees begin to accumulate heat for bud development and flowering. Knowledge of heat requirements can provide a basis for predicting the flowering period. Olive trees are quite tolerant to drought (Mataix and Barbancho 2006 ), but severe drought can nevertheless affect profitability and reduce vegetative activity (Loussert and Brousse 1978 ). Chill and heat requirements (accumulated during winter and spring) for endodormancy release and flowering depend on the variety (Rallo and Martin 1991 ; Fernandez-Escobar et al. 1992 ; Maracchi et al. 1994 ). Regardless of cultivar-specific variation in climatic requirements, areas that are suitable for olive cultivation are generally characterized by mild-winter climate, with very limited occurrence of frost. Olive leaves can suffer severe damage at temperatures below − 6 or -7°C, and temperatures below − 3 or -4°C can damage fruits with high water content that have not yet been harvested, with negative consequences for oil quality (Belguerri 2016 ). Even though several studies have been carried out on olive dormancy, several of its key features, including chill and heat requirements, phenology and flowering processes, remain poorly understood, particularly in Morocco. Previous work has been limited to annual evaluations and focused on a single tree development stage, such as flowering. We therefore aim to study olive phenology by comparing the flowering and dormancy behavior of four olive varieties in Morocco. The overall objective of the present work is to assess the resilience of olive flowering to temperature variation in the context of global warming. Based on experiments and field observations, we determine dormancy periods and estimate chill and heat requirements of olive cultivars that are widely grown in Morocco. 2. Materials and methods 2.1. Site and plant material Experiments were carried out on olive trees located in Khenifra, Morocco (altitude of 837 m a.s.l. and geographical coordinates 32° 56′ 22″ N, 5° 40′ 03″ W) during the two seasons of 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 (Fig. 1 ). The Khenifra region is characterized by a Mediterranean continental mountain climate. It is cold and relatively rainy in winter; hot and dry in summer. Mean annual rainfall ranges from 400 to 700 mm, with most precipitation falling between November and April. The averages of daily minimum, maximum and mean temperature recorded during 2020 and 2021 were 10.14°C, 23.82°C and 16.98°C, respectively. The experiment was conducted on four olive cultivars, Picholine Marocaine, Haouzia, Dahbia and Arbequina, which were grown in a commercial production orchard. We chose three widely cultivated Moroccan cultivars, as well as one foreign cultivar (Arbequina) that was introduced to Morocco and is widely cultivated in intensive systems. Trees were about 25 years old and managed according to standard horticultural practices, including annual pruning, drip irrigation, fertilization and plant protection. 2.2. Collection of temperature data and flowering observations Daily temperature data (maximum and minimum temperatures) were collected from automatic weather stations of the National Office of Agriculture Advisory (ONCA), located at Khenifra city, close to the sampling and observational site where trees were planted (about 8 km away, and at approximatively the same elevation). Daily temperature data were subjected to quality checks to avoid any missing data or erroneous readings. Flowering dates were monitored over two years, focusing on the full flowering stage (when approximately 50% of flowers are open, with the first petals falling). This stage corresponds to stage 65 of the international BBCH code (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and Chemical industry) (Meier 2001 ). The flowering observations were assessed on at least 10 adult trees, with mean dates calculated across the trees. 2.3. Endodormancy, dormancy release and ecodormancy of floral buds We used a forcing test to assess the date of endodormancy release and delineate the endodormancy and the ecodormancy phases. For this test, bud development was observed directly in the orchard as well as in floral buds that were extracted from the orchard and placed in a temperature-controlled growing room for 7 days. The date of endodormancy release was determined as the first date when floral bud weight measured under artificial forcing conditions was significantly greater than the weight of unforced buds under orchard conditions. Based on the dates of endodormancy release, we determined the two dormancy phases: endodormancy and ecodormancy. We considered the endodormancy period to extend from the beginning of November until the endodormancy release date determined by the forcing test, with the ecodormancy phase directly following this period and extending until the observed date of full flowering (stage 65). Samples of short olive shoots were randomly collected (around the trees) from the orchard at weekly intervals and transferred to the laboratory. To facilitate comparisons across seasons, we maintained the same sampling schedule during both seasons. Two sets of 3 shoots (about 0.4 cm in diameter and 30–40 cm in length) were collected from 3 trees on each sampling date: from the first one (unforced shoots), we immediately extracted floral buds from their base using a scalpel, before weighing the buds directly before and after dehydration (at ~ 75°C during 48 hours, using an oven); shoots of the second set (forced buds) were placed in pots containing water in a climate-controlled growing room at 24 ± 1°C, with 16/8 h light/dark and a constant relative humidity of 70% for 7 days. Shoots were freshly cut at the base every two days to ensure water transport across the shoot. The forced shoots were then used to measure fresh and dry weight of buds using a precision balance in the same way as for the unforced samples. Each sample (cultivar × year × sampling date × unforced/forced) included three replications consisting of five buds each. In total, we extracted 15 floral buds for each cultivar distributed in three groups (three replications) from both forced and unforced shoots. In some cases, especially on the first sampling dates when buds were small, floral buds were extracted with the help of binocular magnification. The confidence interval of each mean weight value was calculated. We considered endodormancy released when the fresh weight of floral buds fulfilled two conditions: i) the upper bound of the confidence interval of unforced bud weight and the lower bound of forced bud weight continuously (on the following sampling dates) showed no overlap and ii) forced floral buds showed 30–40% greater weights compared to unforced buds. 2.4. Bud water content To assess the water dynamics in floral buds during the endodormancy and the ecodormancy phases, the water content of buds was determined based on the measured fresh and dry weight (FW and DW, respectively) of floral buds, using the previous forcing test. The water content (WC) of floral buds was calculated as WC % = [(FW – DW) x 100] x FW − 1 . 2.5. Chill and heat requirements We estimated chill and heat requirements based on the assumption of bud endodormancy release resulting from sequential fulfillment of these requirements. While this is possibly an oversimplification, this strategy allows a rough approximation of the cultivars’ climatic requirements. For this approximation, we quantified chill accumulation based on the Chilling Hours model (Hutchins (1932) as cited by Weinberger ( 1950 )), expressed in Chilling Hours (CH), the Utah model (Richardson et al. 1974 ) in Chill Units (CU) and the Dynamic model (Fishman et al. 1987 ; Erez et al. 1990 ) in Chill Portions (CP). Heat accumulation was quantified using the Growing Degree Hour model (GDH) with a threshold temperature of 4.5°C (Richardson et al. 1974 ). 3. Results 3.1. Climatic characteristics of the site Temperature dynamics from October to April exhibited considerable differences between the two experimental seasons 2020–2021 and 2021–2022 (Fig. 2 a). Compared to 2021–2022, the 2020–2021 season was characterized by hotter autumn (mainly during November), colder winter (December-February) and warmer spring conditions (in March and April) (Fig. 2 a). Mean temperatures during November, December-February and March-April in 2020–2021 were 13.54°C, 8.28°C and 12.35°C, respectively, compared to 9.90°C, 10.21°C and 10.95°C in 2021–2022. According to all three chill models chosen for this study (Chilling Hours, Utah and Dynamic), chill accumulation started earlier in 2020–2021 (early November) and resulted in slightly higher seasonal totals compared to 2021–2022 (Fig. 2 b). Regarding heat accumulation, high values were recorded during 2021–2022 until the end of March. By the end of April, accumulated heat reached similar values during both years (Fig. 2 c). 3.2. Bud dormancy dynamics and flowering For each of the tested cultivars, the endodormancy release dynamics of floral buds showed similar behavior across the two seasons (Fig. 3 ). In both forced and unforced shoots, floral buds started off with low weights, which slowly increased throughout the months of January and February. This period was followed by a marked increase in bud weights, which began, depending on the cultivar, between mid-February and mid-March. During this phase, forced buds showed faster weight gains than unforced ones, with weights quickly exceeding those of unforced buds by 30% or more (Fig. 3 ). The apparent dates of endodormancy release for Picholine Marocaine and Arbequina occurred earlier in 2020–2021 than in 2021–2022, in contrast to Haouzia, which showed the opposite response, and Dahbia, for which endodormancy was released on the same date during both years (March 6th ) (Fig. 3 and Table 1 ). On average, Arbequina showed the earliest date of endodormancy release (February 20th ), followed by Picholine Marocaine (February 27th ), while the latest dates were observed for Dahbia and Haouzia (March 6th ) (Table 1 ). Annual variability was greatest for Picholine Marocaine (range of 29 days), intermediate for Haouzia and Arbequina (15 days), and null for Dahbia. Regarding the flowering dates, all cultivars showed later full flowering in 2020–2021 than in 2021–2022 (Table 1 ), with BBCH stage 65 reached in late April in 2020–2021 and about one month earlier in 2021–2022 (Table 1 ). The early-flowering cultivars Haouzia and Arbequina reached this stage earlier than the late-flowering Picholine Marocaine and Dahbia. 3.3. Dormancy phases and chill and heat requirements We considered the endodormancy period to last from November 1st (the approximate date when chill accumulation starts) until the endodormancy release date obtained by the forcing test. The ecodormancy was assumed to start on the day following the endodormancy release date and extend until the full flowering date observed in the orchard under natural conditions. Endodormancy was shortest for Arbequina, with an average duration of 112 days over both seasons, accumulating the lowest quantity of chill (an average of 1,116 CH, 1,292.0 CU and 65.4 CP). For Picholine Marocaine, this phase lasted for 119 days on average (after accumulating 1,190 CH, 1,397.5 CU and 70 CP) (Table 1 ). Dahbia and Haouzia showed the longest endodormancy duration, lasting for 126 days on average and showing the highest accumulated chill (Table 1 ). For all cultivars, chill accumulation during endodormancy differed between the two years. While this may reflect differences in chill requirements between the two seasons, it may also stem from inadequacies of the chill models, none of which have been developed or thoroughly validated for olives. The mean ecodormancy duration was similar for all cultivars, at 45 days for Arbequina (with 8,051 GDH accumulated), 43 days for Dahbia (7,236 GDH), 42 days for Picholine Marocaine (7,924 GDH), and 40 days for Haouzia (6,774 GDH). 3.4. Bud water content The objective of measuring bud water content was to link endodormancy release with the beginning of growth activities in floral bud cells, which is strongly related to water mobilization. Our results highlighted temporal variation in bud water content with notable differences between the endodormancy and ecodormancy periods during both experimental seasons (Fig. 4 ). For all olive cultivars, the water content measured in the floral buds initially remained relatively stable at around 10–30% during the endodormancy phase. It then exhibited a progressive increase, which coincided with a significant rise in the fresh weights of floral buds. The water content exceeded 30% around the date of endodormancy release or 1–2 weeks later (except for Haouzia during 2020–2021, where this happened about 2 weeks before the date of endodormancy release), after accumulation of 1,116-1,279 CH, 1292-1,448 CU and 65.4–71.9 CP. At the end of the ecodormancy period, the water content reached 50–55% for all cultivars. In general, the water content in forced buds was slightly higher than in unforced buds in all cultivars and all years (Fig. 4 ). 4. Discussion The few studies that have been conducted on olive dormancy and the chill and heat requirements of this species have been restricted to analyses of long-term phenological data using statistical approaches and modelling approaches that have been successfully applied to deciduous fruit and nut species (Garcia-Mozo et al. 2009 ; Luedeling and Gassner 2012 ; Moriondo et al. 2015 ; El Yaacoubi et al. 2019c , b , a ; Rojo et al. 2020 ; Delgado et al. 2021 ). Tree dormancy has also been addressed experimentally, but such studies have mostly focused on temperate deciduous fruit species such as apple, apricot and almond (Viti et al. 2010 ; El Yaacoubi et al. 2016 ). Many of these studies have been based on the forcing test approach, which has proven effective for determining the date of endodormancy release and for inferring the chill and heat requirements of fruit tree species. These analyses have produced abundant evidence on the importance of winter chill for dormancy release in deciduous fruit trees (Faust et al. 1997 ), as well as on the need for subsequent heat accumulation (Lang 1987 ; Campoy et al. 2011 ). We applied the same experimental setup to olive trees in order to assess the phenological behavior of this species in response to climate change, particularly its response to temperature variation. Based on results reported in previous studies conducted under controlled climate conditions, Rallo and Martin ( 1991 ) highlighted that temperatures below 12.5°C, with an optimum at around 7°C (De Melo-Abreu et al. 2004 ), were effective for fulfilling chill requirements in the floral buds of olives. In our case study, mean temperatures during the winter period were mostly below the threshold of 12.5°C, with remarkably cold temperatures in 2020–2021 that induced late flowering and early endodormancy release dates for all cultivars, especially for Picholine Marocaine and Arbequina. Effective chill accumulation at temperatures up to 12.5°C was also inferred from controlled-temperature experiments reported by Ramos et al. ( 2018 ). These two olive cultivars showed similar patterns of early endodormancy release, which can be explained by early fulfillment of chill requirements during the cold 2020–2021 winter (mainly December, January and February). In addition, late endodormancy release dates observed in 2021–2022 were probably explained by low chill accumulated during this year, which led to floral buds requiring more time to release their endodormancy. As Picholine Marocaine is a high-chill cultivar, the date of endodormancy release was earlier during the cooler season (2020–2021) and later during the warmer season (2021–2022). Our findings demonstrated that a significant increase of floral bud weight in shoots occurred after accumulating chill during winter, as previously reported by Rallo et al. (1994) and Rallo and Martin ( 1991 ). Olive chill requirements registered in our study showed some contrast with those obtained in warm regions such as Tunisia, where a considerably lower chill requirement has been reported for Arbequina (Elloumi et al. 2020 ). A study conducted on olive in Spain and Italy also showed considerably different chill requirements, with much lower chill requirements in Italy (997 CH) compared to Spain (1,848 CH) (Orlandi et al. 2004 ). It is worth noting, however, that this study relied on the Chilling Hours Model, which only provides a crude approximation of chill accumulation and may produce misleading results in warm climates (Fernandez et al. 2020 ; Luedeling and Brown 2011 ). In our study, estimated chill requirements were intermediate, ranging between those reported for Tunisia and Italy. It is difficult to tell, however, if these apparent differences in chill requirements result from differences in tree physiology in response to local climate conditions or from the use of inadequate models. In fact, the use of chill models developed for peach and apricot species to estimate the chill requirements in olive trees raises significant questions because of major differences in the physiology and dormancy dynamics of these species. Chill models designed for peach, like the Chilling Hours or Utah models, were presumably optimized for the temperature requirements of this species. Such models may not be aligned with the climatic needs of olive trees, which are well-adapted to warmer Mediterranean climates and likely feature greater tolerance to high temperatures and significantly lower chill requirements. In contrast to peaches, olive trees exhibit a superficial dormancy, meaning they can often resume growth after low chill exposure. Peach models, optimized for a deeper state of dormancy, may overestimate the chill requirements in olives, showing inaccurate projections of phenological stages such as flowering and fruit set. In addition, olive trees can accumulate chill in mild winter climates, which are often outside the optimal temperature ranges defined by peach models. In fact, temperatures slightly above the range considered beneficial for peaches (12°C) may still contribute to chilling for olives. Failure to consider this could result in an underestimation of chill accumulation for olives, particularly in warm-climate areas. Similar considerations apply to the Dynamic Model, when used with the original parameter set, which was also derived from peach data (Fishman et al., 1987 ). It seems likely, however, that a more accurate description of the chill response of olives could be achieved by following the authors’ recommendation to determine a specific parameter set for olives (Picornell et al. 2023 ). Climate change, distinguished by increasing temperatures and erratic weather patterns, is making accurate assessment of chill requirements increasingly critical. The reliance on peach models for olives might lead to flawed predictions on how olive flowering and productivity will respond to changes in climate. The phenological development of olive, especially bud differentiation and flowering, is affected not only by chill but also by heat accumulation, as well as by interactions between chill and heat, which have not been well explored for olives. Failure to consider such olive-specific characteristics can lead to inconsistencies in predicting olive tree responses. Species-specific physiological adaptations in olives may introduce additional complexities that are not adequately captured by models developed for peaches. For instance, low-chill cultivars adapted to southern Mediterranean climate areas may have different temperature thresholds than high-chill varieties, explaining the possible differences in how temperatures translate into chill. This intra-species variability highlights the need for models that are optimized for the specific climatic needs of olives. We observed differences in dormancy release dynamics across cultivars, detecting intra-specific differences, as also reported in previous studies. Overall, Arbequina (a low-chill cultivar) showed early and intermediate flowering dates. This result is well aligned with what was reported by Elloumi et al. ( 2020 ) in Tunisia and by Aybar et al. ( 2015 ) in Argentina. Haouzia (an early-flowering cultivar) showed high chill and low heat requirements. The late-flowering cultivars Picholine Marocaine and Dahbia differed in their chill and heat requirements. In Picholine Marocaine, flowering was advanced by high chill accumulation during endodormancy and heat accumulation during ecodormancy, with low accumulated chill and high accumulated heat, and vice versa, leading to late flowering dates. However, for Dahbia, which showed the same date of endodormancy release in both years, flowering time was primarily driven by accumulated heat rather than by chill accumulation, with late flowering largely being a response to low heat accumulation (Table 1 ). Once chill requirements have been met, floral buds enter into the ecodormancy phase, in which they remain until the ambient temperature allows for growth (Bubán and Faust 1995 ). The average duration of this endodormancy period was shorter for Arbequina (112 days) than for Haouzia and Dahbia (126 days), while it was intermediate for Picholine Marocaine (119 days). It is difficult to dissociate cold acclimation from dormancy since both processes occur at the same time and are induced by the same environmental factors. Rather than being a sudden event, the transition from endodormancy to ecodormancy is likely a gradual process, with the nature of the transition likely varying among species and cultivars (Couvillon and Erez 1985 ; Malagi et al. 2015 ). Our investigation also aimed to establish the relationship between fulfillment of chill requirements and endodormancy release dates obtained by forcing tests and the bud water content. We found that the rehydration of floral buds started to increase at the time of endodormancy release or a few days later. The increase in fresh weight in floral buds likely signals the onset of rehydration, marked by the water content exceeding 30%. This rehydration occurs through cell-to-cell transport pathway, as the vascular system becomes sufficiently differentiated to support metabolic activities. These processes begin after the buds accumulate adequate chill and the minimum level of heat necessary for initiating metabolic reactions. At this point (bud water content less than 30%), metabolic activity appeared to be slow in producing a significant increase of weight in floral buds. The onset of bud rehydration capacity is marked by a progressive increase in water content, with exceedance of 30% indicating a transition from endodormancy to ecodormancy. This period is characterized by significant metabolic changes in the buds, including changes in carbohydrate content and the progressive differentiation of vascular tissues (Bonhomme et al. 2005 , 2010 ). This would lead to increasing water accumulation in vacuoles as reported by Malagi et al. ( 2015 ) for apple. Faust et al. ( 1991 , 1995 ) reported that water is bound by macromolecules during the endodormancy phase as a mechanism of tolerance and protection against freezing temperatures that may damage cells during cold winters. This bound water is then converted to free water during the ecodormancy phase, when temperatures are favorable for bud growth. Faust et al. ( 1991 ) revealed that processes involved in satisfying chill requirements are also converting water in buds from its bound to its free form. This transition from bound to free water depends on the temperature dynamics during winter, but also during spring. It occurs slowly at cold temperatures (especially in the case of freezing temperatures), when more time is required to convert water from the bound to the free form than under warm conditions. This may explain differences in the transition from endodormancy to ecodormancy after “deep” vs. “weak” dormancy. In addition, low water content in dormant buds during winter signifies endodormancy, whereas an increasing amount of free water in buds is characteristic of the ecodormancy phase. Although water mobility in cells varied slightly among cultivars, a stabilization of water content around 50–55% might serve as a biological marker for the effective establishment of the ecodormancy period in olive. This is particularly evident toward the end of ecodormancy, contrasting with the lower water content observed in buds during endodormancy. Finally, our results provide evidence that chill requirements and low temperatures may play a substantial role in olive endodormancy induction and the subsequent flowering process, similar to their role in temperate deciduous species. Our findings offer new insights into how olives respond to and depend on winter chill conditions, based on experimental evidence. However, the apparent inadequacy of existing chill models for describing dormancy dynamics in olive make it difficult to interpret some of our findings. We therefore suggest that future research should focus on validating common chill models for olives, or on the development of specific models or model parameter sets for this species, based on physiological responses to a range of temperatures. This requires many experimental data, including controlled chilling experiments and field observations in climatically different locations. Such data may allow calibrating existing chill models, in particular the Dynamic model, which allows some flexibility in accounting for temperature variation, to better represent the temperature response of olives. Integrated approaches that combine chill and heat accumulation models, such as the PhenoFlex framework (Luedeling et al. 2021 ), may be instrumental in harnessing multi-climate or multi-location phenology data to develop olive-specific models. Such models would allow olive growers and producers to refine their strategies for cultivar selection, orchard site planning and management practices in the face of climate variability and change. 5. Conclusion We assessed the endodormancy release dates (an invisible trait) and determined chill and heat requirements of olive cultivars using forcing tests. Based on the development of floral bud weights, endodormancy release dates and consequently chill and heat requirements were identified for four olive cultivars, revealing some genotypic differences in terms of sensitivity to environmental factors under Moroccan climate conditions. Arbequina showed early dates of endodormancy release, with low chill requirements. Haouzia and Dahbia showed late dates of endodormancy release with different patterns of flowering time, demonstrating high chill and heat requirements. By assessing floral bud growth during the endodormancy and ecodormancy periods based on water content in buds, the study revealed that bud growth activity effectively began around the endodormancy release dates or shortly thereafter. This transition from endodormancy to ecodormancy showed only minor genotypic differences among the studied cultivars. Precise determination of the endodormancy release date in olive trees remains an important prerequisite for predicting phenological behavior, as well as the impact of climate change on tree dormancy and flowering time. Further studies are needed to obtain a more detailed understanding of the physiological, molecular and histological mechanisms involved in the response of dormancy and flowering processes to temperature variation. Declarations Funding declaration The authors declare that no funds, grants, or other financial support were received for the preparation of this manuscript. Data availability declaration The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, Houssam-eddine BOUKHRISS, upon reasonable request. Competing interest declaration The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this manuscript. Author contribution declaration All co-authors have contributed significantly to the development of this manuscript, including the conception, data analysis, interpretation of results, and manuscript writing. References Aybar VE, De Melo-Abreu JP, Searles PS, et al (2015) Evaluation of olive flowering at low latitude sites in Argentina using a chilling requirement model. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 13. https://doi.org/10.5424/sjar/2015131-6375 Badr SA, Hartmann HT (1971) Effect of Diurnally Fluctuating vs. Constant Temperatures on Flower Induction and Sex Expression in the Olive ( Olea europaea ). Physiol Plant 24:40–45. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1971.tb06712.x Belguerri H (2016) Contribution à l’etude de l’effet de l’irrigation et la fertilisation azotée et potassique sur les performances productives et qualitatives de l’olivier super-intensif Bonhomme M, Peuch M, Ameglio T, et al (2010) Carbohydrate uptake from xylem vessels and its distribution among stem tissues and buds in walnut (Juglans regia L.). Tree Physiol 30:89–102. https://doi.org/10.1093/TREEPHYS/TPP103 Bonhomme M, Rageau R, Lacointe A, Gendraud M (2005) Influences of cold deprivation during dormancy on carbohydrate contents of vegetative and floral primordia and nearby structures of peach buds (Prunus persica L. Batch). 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Int J Biometeorol 64:377–387. https://doi.org/10.1007/S00484-019-01821-Y/METRICS El Yaacoubi A, Malagi G, Oukabli A, et al (2016) Differentiated dynamics of bud dormancy and growth in temperate fruit trees relating to bud phenology adaptation, the case of apple and almond trees. Int J Biometeorol 60:1695–1710. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-016-1160-9 El Yaacoubi A, Oukabli A, Hafidi M, et al (2019b) Validated model for apple flowering prediction in the Mediterranean area in response to temperature variation. Sci Hortic 249:59–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.01.036 El Yaacoubi A, Oukabli A, Legave J-M, et al (2019c) Response of almond flowering and dormancy to Mediterranean temperature conditions in the context of adaptation to climate variations. Sci Hortic 257:108687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108687 Elloumi O, Ghrab M, Chatti A, et al (2020) Phenological performance of olive tree in a warm production area of central Tunisia. Sci Hortic 259:108759. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108759 Erez A, Fishman S, Linsley-Noakes G, Allan P (1990) The dynamic model for rest completion in peach buds Faust M, Erez A, Rowland LJ, et al (1997) Bud Dormancy in Perennial Fruit Trees: Physiological Basis for Dormancy Induction, Maintenance, and Release. HortScience 32:623–629. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.32.4.623 Faust M, Liu D, Line MJ., Stutte GW (1995) Conversion of bound to free water in endodormant buds of apple is an incremental process. Acta horticulturae 395:113-118. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.1995.395.10 Faust M, Liu D, Millard M, Stutte G (1991) Bound versus Free Water in Dormant Apple Buds—A Theory for Endodormancy. HortScience 26:. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.26.7.887 Fernandez-Escobar R, Benlloch M, Navarro C, Martin GC (1992) The Time of Floral Induction in the Olive. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 117:304–307. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.117.2.304 Fernandez E, Whitney C, Luedeling E (2020) The importance of chill model selection — a multi-site analysis. European Journal of Agronomy 119, 126103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2020.126103 Fishman S, Erez A, Couvillon GA (1987) The temperature dependence of dormancy breaking in plants: Mathematical analysis of a two-step model involving a cooperative transition. J Theor Biol 124:473–483. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5193(87)80221-7 Garcia-Mozo H, Galan C, Belmonte J, et al (2009) Predicting the start and peak dates of the Poaceae pollen season in Spain using process-based models. Agric For Meteorol 149:256–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2008.08.013 Hackett WP, Hartmann HT (1967) The Influence of Temperature on Floral Initiation in the Olive. Physiol Plant 20:430–436. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1967.tb07183.x Khadari B, Charafi J, Moukhli A, Ater M (2008) Substantial genetic diversity in cultivated Moroccan olive despite a single major cultivar: A paradoxical situation evidenced by the use of SSR loci. Tree Genet Genomes 4:213–221. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11295-007-0102-4/METRICS Lang GA (1987) Dormancy: A New Universal Terminology. HortScience 22:817–820. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.22.5.817 Lavee S (1996) Biologie et physiologie de l’olivier. In: Encyclopédie mondiale de l’olivier. Plaza & Janés, Barcelone, Espagne, pp 59–110 Loussert R, Brousse G (1978) L’olivier. Techniques agricoles et productions mediterraneennes. Luedeling E, Brown (2011) A global analysis of the comparability of winter chill models for fruit and nut trees. International Journal of Biometeorology 55, 411–421. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-010-0352-y Luedeling E, Gassner A (2012) Partial Least Squares Regression for analyzing walnut phenology in California. Agric For Meteorol 158–159:43–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.10.020 Luedeling E, Schiffers K, Fohrmann T, Urbach C (2021) PhenoFlex - an integrated model to predict spring phenology in temperate fruit trees. Agric For Meteorol 307:108491. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AGRFORMET.2021.108491 Malagi G, Sachet MR, Citadin I, et al (2015) The comparison of dormancy dynamics in apple trees grown under temperate and mild winter climates imposes a renewal of classical approaches. Trees 29:1365–1380. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00468-015-1214-3 Malik NSA, Bradford JM (2006) Changes in oleuropein levels during differentiation and development of floral buds in ‘Arbequina’ olives. Sci Hortic 110:274–278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2006.07.016 Maracchi G, PITTALIS F, BINDI M, SILLARI B (1994) La production de l’olivier et les facteurs météorologiques. Etude préliminaire. La production de l’olivier et les facteurs météorologiques Etude préliminaire 30–37 Mataix J, Barbancho FJ (2006) Olive oil in Mediterranean food. In: Quiles JL, Ramírez-Tortosa MC, Yaqoob P (eds) Olive oil and health, 1st edn. CABI, UK, pp 1–44 Meier U (2001) Growth stages of mono- and dicotyledonous plants: BBCH Monograph. Berlin Moriondo M, Ferrise R, Trombi G, et al (2015) Modelling olive trees and grapevines in a changing climate. Environmental Modelling & Software 72:387–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.016 Orlandi F, Garcia-Mozo H, Vazquez Ezquerra L, et al (2004) Phenological olive chilling requirements in Umbria (Italy) and Andalusia (Spain). Plant Biosyst 138:111–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263500412331283762 Ouksili A (1983) Contribution à l’étude de la biologie florale de l’olivier Olea europaea L de la formation des fleurs a la période de pollinisation effective. Picornell A, Abreu I, Ribeiro H (2023) Trends and future projections of Olea flowering in the western Mediterranean: The example of the Alentejo region (Portugal). Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 339, 109559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2023.109559 Rallo L, Martin GC (1991) The Role of Chilling in Releasing Olive Floral Buds from Dormancy. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 116:1058–1062. https://doi.org/10.21273/JASHS.116.6.1058 Ramos A, Rapoport HF, Cabello D, Rallo L (2018) Chilling accumulation, dormancy release temperature, and the role of leaves in olive reproductive budburst: Evaluation using shoot explants. Sci Hortic 231:241–252. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCIENTA.2017.11.003 Richardson E, Seeley S, Walker D (1974) A Model for Estimating the Completion of Rest for ‘Redhaven’ and ‘Elberta’ Peach Trees1. Hortsci 9:. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.9.4.331 Rohde A, Bhalerao R (2007) Plant dormancy in the perennial context. Trends Plant Sci 12:217–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2007.03.012 Rojo J, Orlandi F, Ben Dhiab A, et al (2020) Estimation of Chilling and Heat Accumulation Periods Based on the Timing of Olive Pollination. Forests 11:835. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11080835 Viti R, Andreini L, Ruiz D, et al (2010) Effect of climatic conditions on the overcoming of dormancy in apricot flower buds in two Mediterranean areas: Murcia (Spain) and Tuscany (Italy). Sci Hortic 124:217–224. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCIENTA.2010.01.001 Weinberger J (1950) Besoins de refroidissement des variétés de pêches. Proceedings American Society for Horticultural Science 56:122–128 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. 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Khenifra, Morocco.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6036028/v1/831e363c66c30817753530aa.jpg"},{"id":79436099,"identity":"717c68e4-8ae9-47de-8cbe-3cbbc26d1184","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-03-28 12:00:50","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":106942,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDaily minimum and maximum temperatures, and average of monthly mean temperatures (a), as well as chill and heat accumulations recorded according to Chilling Hours, Utah, Dynamic (b) and GDH (c) models from October to April during the two years of experimentation in Khenifra, Morocco\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6036028/v1/a84ec27d56d2a9fb3c51b88b.jpg"},{"id":79436101,"identity":"1af469a1-126d-4abf-9247-1a7f6efafc91","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-03-28 12:00:50","extension":"jpg","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":92853,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMean fresh weights of forced (solid lines) and unforced (dashed lines) floral buds of four olive cultivars studied during two years of experimentation in Khenifra, Morocco. The dates indicated by arrows are the derived dates of endodormancy release.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6036028/v1/72dfee158d775fcb9627e22b.jpg"},{"id":79436100,"identity":"530f0f1e-127d-4d32-a16e-1877b62c066d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-03-28 12:00:50","extension":"jpg","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":96098,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eMean water content measured in forced (solid lines) and unforced (dashed lines) floral buds of four olive cultivars studied during two years of experimentation in Khenifra, Morocco. The dates indicated by arrows are the derived dates of endodormancy release.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6036028/v1/c211e4986b2b9ef0c1af1533.jpg"},{"id":83417559,"identity":"7bd19a4c-e0d8-4a0e-99ce-644c0a03e7dc","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-25 22:00:44","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1139434,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6036028/v1/c1b310db-fdf3-457d-b75d-c9346e2636d7.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Phenological response of olive cultivars to climate variation in Morocco","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eOlive (\u003cem\u003eOlea europaea L.)\u003c/em\u003e is the main fruit tree species cultivated in Morocco, covering more than 1.2\u0026nbsp;million ha and representing more than 55% of Morocco\u0026rsquo;s current fruit tree orchards. Although olive trees can be found throughout Morocco\u0026rsquo;s national territory, along a transect of more than 700 km in length and under contrasting ecological and climatic conditions, the geographical distribution of olive cultivation highlights two contrasting production systems, rainfed and irrigated systems, which exhibit considerable differences in terms of the varieties that are grown and the cultivation environment. Despite the importance of olive in Morocco, the varietal panel features a single major variety, Picholine Marocaine (locally called \"Zeitoun\" or \"Zeitoun Beldi\") that prevails in traditional olive orchards with about 95% of the total olive cropping area (Boulouha et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1992\u003c/span\u003e; Khadari et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2008\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOlive varieties are very sensitive to the influences of climatic conditions and cultural practices, which impact the growth and development of olive trees and, therefore, fruit and olive oil yields (Hackett and Hartmann \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1967\u003c/span\u003e). The optimal climate conditions for successful flowering and fruit set are characterized by cold and rainy winters, with temperatures rarely falling below 0\u0026deg;C, and warm and sunny summers, which are conducive to flowering and fruiting. Phenological stages are highly impacted by variation in climatic conditions, since their timing strongly depends on environmental factors such as temperature (Colbrant and Fabre 1975). Olive varieties can be classified according to their flowering dates into early, intermediate and late flowering cultivars, with flowering behavior strongly shaped by the climatic environment where each variety has been selected. In the Mediterranean area, floral buds of olives enter their dormancy phase in autumn, when they reduce their physiological and metabolic activities. After dormancy has been released, buds sprout and continue their development until they reach advanced flowering stages during April or May. The flowering duration may be more than three weeks, depending on location and seasonal weather. Once flowers have been successfully pollinated, olive fruit set occurs, followed by fruit development until fruits reach a certain size and specific color during summer. After reaching the final stage of maturation in autumn, fruits can be harvested and the cycle is completed.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe physiological phenomenon of floral induction is responsible for initiating flowering. It depends largely on intrinsic factors of the tree, notably its nutritional level and its genetic characteristics. The latter define the seasonal hormonal balance, affecting primordium development, flower induction/differentiation and length of inflorescence, with only a limited influence of external factors such as temperature, rainfall and photoperiod (Rallo and Martin \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e; Fernandez-Escobar et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1992\u003c/span\u003e). In olive trees of Morocco, floral induction occurs in June-July in buds carried by the current year\u0026rsquo;s twigs (Rallo and Martin \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e; Fernandez-Escobar et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1992\u003c/span\u003e). The processes of floral induction and flowering, which are dependent on thermal conditions, generally occur after bud endodormancy has been released. Bud dormancy is a reversible physiological state of the buds of many tree species, especially in temperate deciduous fruits of the Rosaceae, which is characterized by a reduction in metabolic activities and interactions with the external environment (Dennis \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1994\u003c/span\u003e). Lang (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e) subdivided the dormancy period into three phases: i) the paradormancy during which bud growth is inhibited by endogenous physiological factors outside the bud, (ii) the endodormancy which is characterized by inhibition of buds by factors inside the bud and (iii) the ecodormancy phase during which buds influenced by environmental factors, particularly temperature. The transition from endodormancy to ecodormancy occurs in response to low temperatures that allow buds to fulfill their chill requirements, which vary among species and varieties. Their fulfillment restores the ability of buds to grow but it does not directly promote growth (Rohde and Bhalerao \u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e). During the subsequent ecodormancy phase, warm temperatures may initiate budburst. Whether all details of the concept of winter dormancy can be directly transferred from deciduous trees to evergreen species such as olive remains under some debate, with major knowledge gaps being related to the period of flower differentiation, the effect of alternate bearing (the ON/OFF status of trees) and the physiological mechanisms involved in the dormancy process.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA number of studies have explored the temperature response of dormant olive buds. For instance, Hackett and Hartmann (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1967\u003c/span\u003e) demonstrated that temperatures of 4\u0026deg;C or below will fulfill the major portion of the temperature requirements, but temperatures between 10\u0026ndash;13\u0026deg;C are more effective during the end of the chill accumulation phase. Several years later, Badr and Hartmann (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1971\u003c/span\u003e) confirmed that olive trees, despite their evergreen growth habit, require certain exposure to winter chill to ensure good flower induction. Moreover, Belguerri (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e) highlighted that olive bud development may be prevented if temperatures are constantly\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;16\u0026deg;C, with trees needing at least one month at temperatures\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;11\u0026ndash;12\u0026deg;C to fulfill their chill requirements.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExposure to low temperatures during winter plays an important role in the floral induction and subsequent differentiation (Lavee \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1996\u003c/span\u003e), with more effective flower bud differentiation reported during cold years than during warm ones. This difference has been explained by the inhibitory effect that high temperature can have on induction and subsequent flower formation (Ouksili \u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1983\u003c/span\u003e; Malik and Bradford \u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e). Once chill accumulation is over, olive trees begin to accumulate heat for bud development and flowering. Knowledge of heat requirements can provide a basis for predicting the flowering period. Olive trees are quite tolerant to drought (Mataix and Barbancho \u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e), but severe drought can nevertheless affect profitability and reduce vegetative activity (Loussert and Brousse \u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1978\u003c/span\u003e). Chill and heat requirements (accumulated during winter and spring) for endodormancy release and flowering depend on the variety (Rallo and Martin \u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e; Fernandez-Escobar et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1992\u003c/span\u003e; Maracchi et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1994\u003c/span\u003e). Regardless of cultivar-specific variation in climatic requirements, areas that are suitable for olive cultivation are generally characterized by mild-winter climate, with very limited occurrence of frost. Olive leaves can suffer severe damage at temperatures below \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;6 or -7\u0026deg;C, and temperatures below \u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;3 or -4\u0026deg;C can damage fruits with high water content that have not yet been harvested, with negative consequences for oil quality (Belguerri \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEven though several studies have been carried out on olive dormancy, several of its key features, including chill and heat requirements, phenology and flowering processes, remain poorly understood, particularly in Morocco. Previous work has been limited to annual evaluations and focused on a single tree development stage, such as flowering. We therefore aim to study olive phenology by comparing the flowering and dormancy behavior of four olive varieties in Morocco. The overall objective of the present work is to assess the resilience of olive flowering to temperature variation in the context of global warming. Based on experiments and field observations, we determine dormancy periods and estimate chill and heat requirements of olive cultivars that are widely grown in Morocco.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Materials and methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1. Site and plant material\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eExperiments were carried out on olive trees located in Khenifra, Morocco (altitude of 837 m a.s.l. and geographical coordinates 32\u0026deg; 56\u0026prime; 22\u0026Prime; N, 5\u0026deg; 40\u0026prime; 03\u0026Prime; W) during the two seasons of 2020\u0026ndash;2021 and 2021\u0026ndash;2022 (Fig.\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Fig1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). The Khenifra region is characterized by a Mediterranean continental mountain climate. It is cold and relatively rainy in winter; hot and dry in summer. Mean annual rainfall ranges from 400 to 700 mm, with most precipitation falling between November and April. The averages of daily minimum, maximum and mean temperature recorded during 2020 and 2021 were 10.14\u0026deg;C, 23.82\u0026deg;C and 16.98\u0026deg;C, respectively. The experiment was conducted on four olive cultivars, Picholine Marocaine, Haouzia, Dahbia and Arbequina, which were grown in a commercial production orchard. We chose three widely cultivated Moroccan cultivars, as well as one foreign cultivar (Arbequina) that was introduced to Morocco and is widely cultivated in intensive systems. Trees were about 25 years old and managed according to standard horticultural practices, including annual pruning, drip irrigation, fertilization and plant protection.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2. Collection of temperature data and flowering observations\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eDaily temperature data (maximum and minimum temperatures) were collected from automatic weather stations of the National Office of Agriculture Advisory (ONCA), located at Khenifra city, close to the sampling and observational site where trees were planted (about 8 km away, and at approximatively the same elevation). Daily temperature data were subjected to quality checks to avoid any missing data or erroneous readings. Flowering dates were monitored over two years, focusing on the full flowering stage (when approximately 50% of flowers are open, with the first petals falling). This stage corresponds to stage 65 of the international BBCH code (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and Chemical industry) (Meier \u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2001\u003c/span\u003e). The flowering observations were assessed on at least 10 adult trees, with mean dates calculated across the trees.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3. Endodormancy, dormancy release and ecodormancy of floral buds\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe used a forcing test to assess the date of endodormancy release and delineate the endodormancy and the ecodormancy phases. For this test, bud development was observed directly in the orchard as well as in floral buds that were extracted from the orchard and placed in a temperature-controlled growing room for 7 days. The date of endodormancy release was determined as the first date when floral bud weight measured under artificial forcing conditions was significantly greater than the weight of unforced buds under orchard conditions. Based on the dates of endodormancy release, we determined the two dormancy phases: endodormancy and ecodormancy. We considered the endodormancy period to extend from the beginning of November until the endodormancy release date determined by the forcing test, with the ecodormancy phase directly following this period and extending until the observed date of full flowering (stage 65). Samples of short olive shoots were randomly collected (around the trees) from the orchard at weekly intervals and transferred to the laboratory. To facilitate comparisons across seasons, we maintained the same sampling schedule during both seasons. Two sets of 3 shoots (about 0.4 cm in diameter and 30\u0026ndash;40 cm in length) were collected from 3 trees on each sampling date: from the first one (unforced shoots), we immediately extracted floral buds from their base using a scalpel, before weighing the buds directly before and after dehydration (at ~\u0026thinsp;75\u0026deg;C during 48 hours, using an oven); shoots of the second set (forced buds) were placed in pots containing water in a climate-controlled growing room at 24\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1\u0026deg;C, with 16/8 h light/dark and a constant relative humidity of 70% for 7 days. Shoots were freshly cut at the base every two days to ensure water transport across the shoot. The forced shoots were then used to measure fresh and dry weight of buds using a precision balance in the same way as for the unforced samples. Each sample (cultivar \u0026times; year \u0026times; sampling date \u0026times; unforced/forced) included three replications consisting of five buds each. In total, we extracted 15 floral buds for each cultivar distributed in three groups (three replications) from both forced and unforced shoots. In some cases, especially on the first sampling dates when buds were small, floral buds were extracted with the help of binocular magnification. The confidence interval of each mean weight value was calculated. We considered endodormancy released when the fresh weight of floral buds fulfilled two conditions: i) the upper bound of the confidence interval of unforced bud weight and the lower bound of forced bud weight continuously (on the following sampling dates) showed no overlap and ii) forced floral buds showed 30\u0026ndash;40% greater weights compared to unforced buds.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4. Bud water content\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eTo assess the water dynamics in floral buds during the endodormancy and the ecodormancy phases, the water content of buds was determined based on the measured fresh and dry weight (FW and DW, respectively) of floral buds, using the previous forcing test. The water content (WC) of floral buds was calculated as WC % = [(FW \u0026ndash; DW) x 100] x FW\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.5. Chill and heat requirements\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe estimated chill and heat requirements based on the assumption of bud endodormancy release resulting from sequential fulfillment of these requirements. While this is possibly an oversimplification, this strategy allows a rough approximation of the cultivars\u0026rsquo; climatic requirements. For this approximation, we quantified chill accumulation based on the Chilling Hours model (Hutchins (1932) as cited by Weinberger (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR50\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1950\u003c/span\u003e)), expressed in Chilling Hours (CH), the Utah model (Richardson et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1974\u003c/span\u003e) in Chill Units (CU) and the Dynamic model (Fishman et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e; Erez et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1990\u003c/span\u003e) in Chill Portions (CP). Heat accumulation was quantified using the Growing Degree Hour model (GDH) with a threshold temperature of 4.5\u0026deg;C (Richardson et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1974\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.1. Climatic characteristics of the site\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTemperature dynamics from October to April exhibited considerable differences between the two experimental seasons 2020\u0026ndash;2021 and 2021\u0026ndash;2022 (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ea). Compared to 2021\u0026ndash;2022, the 2020\u0026ndash;2021 season was characterized by hotter autumn (mainly during November), colder winter (December-February) and warmer spring conditions (in March and April) (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ea). Mean temperatures during November, December-February and March-April in 2020\u0026ndash;2021 were 13.54\u0026deg;C, 8.28\u0026deg;C and 12.35\u0026deg;C, respectively, compared to 9.90\u0026deg;C, 10.21\u0026deg;C and 10.95\u0026deg;C in 2021\u0026ndash;2022. According to all three chill models chosen for this study (Chilling Hours, Utah and Dynamic), chill accumulation started earlier in 2020\u0026ndash;2021 (early November) and resulted in slightly higher seasonal totals compared to 2021\u0026ndash;2022 (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003eb). Regarding heat accumulation, high values were recorded during 2021\u0026ndash;2022 until the end of March. By the end of April, accumulated heat reached similar values during both years (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003ec).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.2. Bud dormancy dynamics and flowering\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFor each of the tested cultivars, the endodormancy release dynamics of floral buds showed similar behavior across the two seasons (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). In both forced and unforced shoots, floral buds started off with low weights, which slowly increased throughout the months of January and February. This period was followed by a marked increase in bud weights, which began, depending on the cultivar, between mid-February and mid-March. During this phase, forced buds showed faster weight gains than unforced ones, with weights quickly exceeding those of unforced buds by 30% or more (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e). The apparent dates of endodormancy release for Picholine Marocaine and Arbequina occurred earlier in 2020\u0026ndash;2021 than in 2021\u0026ndash;2022, in contrast to Haouzia, which showed the opposite response, and Dahbia, for which endodormancy was released on the same date during both years (March 6th ) (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e and Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). On average, Arbequina showed the earliest date of endodormancy release (February 20th ), followed by Picholine Marocaine (February 27th ), while the latest dates were observed for Dahbia and Haouzia (March 6th ) (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). Annual variability was greatest for Picholine Marocaine (range of 29 days), intermediate for Haouzia and Arbequina (15 days), and null for Dahbia. Regarding the flowering dates, all cultivars showed later full flowering in 2020\u0026ndash;2021 than in 2021\u0026ndash;2022 (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e), with BBCH stage 65 reached in late April in 2020\u0026ndash;2021 and about one month earlier in 2021\u0026ndash;2022 (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). The early-flowering cultivars Haouzia and Arbequina reached this stage earlier than the late-flowering Picholine Marocaine and Dahbia.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cimg 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ySef1H/3c/+zzwsAUqkUjhw5os+vU9ctW5h7mRgJmL0sbJ54/PHHEY1GfV1s77nnHkSjUZw/fx5olcee5wWmzfXk834F7cNM3++//z4cx/EdX9B3+km3QecaxosvvggAOH36tA774IMPcOLEicBjQp/Pehjgeod53gvz7LBRzzmdhDnOrdJP/jfJOTiOo9PaV77yFQDo+f0w59/v/efuu+/2/Q0A165dA1rPBp7n4fDhw77lQc+GgwqTTk3d0s9Xv/pVoNWdS8LClK+DPl93Yj+P9dLtmqDPe0A/Tpw4gUuXLvnKPMdxUCgU9LP3+fPnfd15+01vQYKeLS5cuIDjx4/rv8OU0aurqxgfH0e11fVVnkFtQffj9Txj9ls+7xR9VTAlWuMbraysIGKMNYHWWEsbRRK867pQ/2hlpT+9LtRmO3DgAFZWVvTxlEqlthfqTuxCP5fLtZ2fUipUAWb78ssvfX8HFSyd2C/7QYXgzMwMyuWyzuSSgbv19+9HtTUuy/vvv49Tp07BdV17lb6Mj4/jd7/7Ha5evYoHH3ywrW95EOn/G4/HsW/fPrzzzjv2Kjh58iSi0ajeXq1Ww/Xr13HixAnfekFpVymFmZkZYJ3Hh5DHGIZc8/U+5A7qz3/+sx00kD//+c+h8yGsyope1wqtvvQPPvggbt26pSvAN0u3cqHZbIae1nezhImvQXQ7/0GtN9+h9dBhCyorN1LQPjfjobybQe4tQRKJBBzH0ZUu1Wo1cEDiSqXSlgaUUneszFqv5557zvfQ+8tf/lI/OIpB7n+lUgmnT5/GqVOnMNJlHDxb2HtZN0Hp084Tw8PDSKfTKJVKaDab+gUjk8ng3LlzQOuF7Dvf+Y7ve9vJ3//+98BKlyCbnW5jsRgymYzveeyNN97wvUR1EuZZr5sw13sjbNRzzk4xSP6305lqvaNthKDrvZ77j9xD+q0gWa+g415POh0eHsaf/vQnPPbYY/j2t7+txybr5U4/X4e1EfeAIHJ/kx+pLl++jEuXLmFtbU1Xvl29erXtfT7ouvWT3uwfdKrVKu69996269CrjK7X60gmk/jxj3+Mw4cPI5fL+b7fzSDPmIOWz9tNXxVMaI0aH4lEkMvl+op00759++ygQBtVSG5X9gB3aN1Yw9TU2v72t7/ZQUDIzNmpRdm9996r/59Op5HJZHD69GlEIhGcOnUK8/PzbQVEJ3/961/tIP3AXW3N/Hf69GmUSqXQ2+wlkUhgcXER77zzDl5//fW2gdxszz77LK5cuYJPP/0U4+PjgS9So6OjeO211/Dxxx8jEong0UcfxUsvvYSJiQnfeuVy2ddiTZgP//0eH0IeYz/C3Cy7Cfr+VrcUqFarerD99eh1rfL5PE6ePIkPP/wQr776atvNaqN1KxfkhmPfiLZSr/gaVLfz3wjryXcwfviwRaNRO2jDrK2tBcY1ANx111120KYY5N7SyenTp+F5HhYWFnDx4sW2ChcA+MMf/mAHhU5jH3/8sR205eWSSKfTcBwHb7zxBuqtyUXMB8eNuP+l02msrKzgxIkTeOKJJ0LFU9h7WTdh88T4+Lh+uTh//jwef/xxfPe739UVbxcuXNiQCuTNdP36dTso0CDpNiyzFVOp1aI1zMtImGe9bsJe727Pe6Lbs8NGP+d0EuY4N9ug+T8obQWFBel1/ht9/wna32YIm07DGG7NGP7pp5/i3nvvxaOPPtrWGrGToDS+nWzEPSBILBZDKpXCuXPn0Gw2cevWLR126tQpLCws+Frxio1Ib2YrposXL+oW16ZuZXSz2UQ8HkcsFsONGzfWdV9a7zPmoOXzdtNXBVM+n9ejxvebAM0WTnazQZvU3nuet2EvFdvNk08+iaWlpbab2ZtvvqmbZYYhcfXWW2/5wr/44gug1Ty9k0QigWg06mu2CKP7kPmLYj6fxwMPPIDFxUX9C8nRo0f18k6++tWvIhqN4uTJk7591Go1/ZIsTTbXk5E7MWuNjx49ipdeeqljM0dRLpd7PqhVq1W89957KJVKUEphdXW1LS/INXn55Zd94eZNfz3Hh5DHGIZU8q63m4t0lzVbMaLV0qef9LsROr2ghhHmWl29ehUHDhzoq4XUeoUpFxzHwaVLlzreiG3meoNWTIWJr0GEOf9BrDffpVIpLC0ttd2Pms1mW7m1njgOupbyACbdiMTt27fhOE5bepQy3/7/eg1yb+klnU4jGo3i5z//ORDwS28qlUKhUGh7QP/973/v+zuI67q4dOmS71o1m038z//8j289O87tvzfSz372MywtLSGVSunKATHo/c9M0xMTE3Bdt+2aBQlzL+umnzwhXVTeeOMN3L59G7FYTIedOnUKDz/8sG/9jbQR5V8sFgvVTWOQdNsPsxXTqVOnerZe6udZr5Mw1zvM816YZ4eNes7pJMxxbpX15n+5pj//+c9951Cv1/GXv/zFt64tzPn3e//pRoZI2YquPmHSaVjValVvZ3h4GKVSCWtra7plTif9Pl+baW4z70O2Qe8B3Xz/+9+H53l49tlndfkkYS+88ELbM/tGpTezFdOVK1fa3lN7ldGffPIJ1tbW1t07Zz3PmP2Wz1uZRgYigzE5IQb5lsG/5Gvm3/YgaxIug11JmD2YmbmuDFYng5HBmnXObc2iEYYMPoYOA3HJoG/2oFqdyABk8YAR3U3moGTmejK4m4TJemgNEpnL5fS/QgZTNeNWBhszB2+TOJSBwLzWyPX2uQUNzirnlbFG7rcHyXNdV0Vbszm5rqtSqZTK5XJtg6UF7UOuheM4KpfLqanWiPsSFzKQmWyrWCwqpzVq/6wxA5jTmpGjW/wLiUs5p1Qq5RsULdWayaPRmhFAtQZ2k+vreZ4vXiVu5VwkHmQ/s62ZQ8ztm+ecyWR8++91fJ2EOcaw6UbSpDn4pqTJSqXSM54l/8u5ZFqziwnJY+Z5NVqDUJrpq9O1DUpLQYM1doq3sPHQ61pJWlleXlaNRkOn10xrhg5lHJdc005lqJB92oP3SVyY8Sr/Ctl/vDX70Pz8fGD5aubtSqWipqam9H6LxaIuS4MGEpQwM55Fr/iS/ZrlT9B1M9OCXPcw59/PdbXz+Hrz3XJrNpm4NaNa0CCrcvxmuu1G4sZO/43WLGTRgJlFzPOUAUXjrdlKcq0yVq6BHEenNNfNIPeWoGtukrI0KK/Id2HkM8eY+aWbSuv5QQYVzeVyKh6P+47NPK/5+Xk11ZotT+JarkPQeUneqFQqanl5WV//oHVFozXIaVBak+11u/91SiPKGqzXa814Y+aXTiT+3S73sm7pOWyeEFIuBMVl0Pph83knYco/OT8pJ4TcGyXMa81MZeZFGXha8p0KmW7Xkw9nZ2fbrr3sy77WEkd2vgvzrLcR11vSlaRD+3lPhXh2kP00NuA5p5Mwxynp07xWEkfm9WgYM0aa3w8qE+QYJc+Gyf+qFSdSfsj5yXelrJuammpLJ530On85p173HzkGMx1K3jDvE3LeZvqTdGCeZ1Ccm2m9YTxfdVo3TDoNk34qrdkBzfO3v9OJpAc5tuUOz9dS/szPz6tisegrl+3ztPO0ucyMg7DXJMw9oBvZT8W6FwrHGuxbtdKxmddF2PQWhlwnM05ErzJalssxVloTLEi6mJ+f73o/ljiUNB72GTNM+ay6PC9uR5CCO+hjkwiQjyRO+UjikovmGbO/IWAEfPv75j4lgZifMJnaPsZO+5dCyMyAndjbQcBNXdjrdTsPz/N0IWcfiyRoc39BYSKXy6loa8pPx3HaMla3787Pz+uCT25UdsKVm57sI2hb9j7M62UeX6o1/aMwbzRuqxJxampKRY0HZ3ufvdJCpjXNraxv71Ouv+M4+uZfbE3bGm3NICAPleZNV24S5rblYxYijUZDnwOMQkP0Or5Oeh2jfQ26pRspwGCkP7dVeRimQLe/b964OqV7O0wFXFsVkJZyralW7XXn5+fb0nqn7weFqRDXynwwkLwRj8d9aUcZL61mPATpdByiW7kgJD9JvEvc2OvKduRYJR4kX+WsMjiXy7WFmela9YivoO/aYeiSFlSP8w+Ku6Aw1SGPrzffqdb2zH2lUinfA1XQOdlxZwuKG/N8zTwG62XWJA960VaZWWnNfiMPip3iKAxJa+jj3mLHRVA8yHF1UjGm/nYcJ1SZJMx7WtyqXFJGRZkcmxxLplUZoTqcl7IehCUf2esGXSPJpzbz+rgB9z87LmE9m8mxIKAc7ibMvcwOt4+/V54wNVoP273CVEB8dsvn3fQq/4LOLyhMWecq6THaelky01e3dLuec7CPxy4Pzfi21zWPX4V41uv2XdXH9TbLjKAy1izXgtLsRj7ndNPtOO2yuVOeCAoLSkedjrFX/hfybiNxIGZblY+yzC7ruul2/irE/ScojoLCzPVlf5lMRk21KvaLxaJqNBpt3zWvof181W3dXuk06DoEhVWMygW08rP9HtuJncZlH/bzdaVViWKem+QJz/PaztOOT/uY7bBu1yTMPaCboHuhSeLQNGX86GXrld76EbV+NDB1K6OVUdHotCqezMq5oLxtGuQZs1f5bF9HhCzn7pSI+kfhSNTV9PQ0fvKTn7Q1WV5YWMBbb72FxcVFX/huVSqVcP/997f1k6/Vanjqqad2/bhhtD3JOA65XG7DmjgT0e7FexkR0d61W+8BtVoNc3NzGzbxDK1PX2Mw0d6Uz+fx5z//ua1yCQAeeeSRtvEzdqtqtYqxsbG2whjGGBNERETbGe9lRER7126+B8zNzWF8fNwOpi3GCibq6fbt2yiXy5ienka1WkWz2UStVsPCwgJefvllvPLKK/ZXdiUZ3DadTmNhYQH1eh31eh3VahXZbBYnT560v0K0JSRtbvUApUS08/BeRkS0d+22e0A2m0UymcT09DRWV1dDDwpOm4dd5CiUubk5vP3221haWgIAxONxPP300zh+/Hhgy6bdamFhAb/+9a9x6dIloDWj15EjR/Diiy/umZZctL3k83nfjDyu6+6ZLqtEtD68lxER7V276R6QTqdx6dIlTE1NBQ7nQluPFUxERERERERERDQQdpEjIiIiIiIiIqKBsIKJiIiIiIiIiIgGwgomIiIiIiIiIiIaCCuYiIiIiIiIiIhoIKxgIiIiIiIiIiKigbCCiYiIiIiIiIiIBsIKJiIiIiIiIiIiGggrmIiIiIiIiIiIaCCsYCIiIiIiIiIiooGwgomIiIiIiIiIiAbCCiYiIiIiIiIiIhoIK5iIiIiIiIiIiGggrGAiIiIiIiIiIqKBsIKJiIiIiIiIiIgGwgomIiIiIiIiIiIaCCuYiIiIiIiIiIhoIKxgIiIiIiIiIiKigbCCiYiIiIiIiIiIBsIKJiIiIiIiIiIiGggrmIiIiIiIiIiIaCCsYCIiIiIiIiIiooGwgomIiIiIiIiIiAbCCiYiIiIiIiIiIhoIK5iIiIiIiIiIiGggrGAiIiIiIiIiIqKBsIKJiIiIiIiIiIgGsmMqmKrVKiKRCKrVqr1o10kmk0gmk3bwtler1TA9PY2hoSF7UZug67mwsIB0Ou0793q9jnw+j5GRkTt67RcWFpDNZhGJROxFWr1ex9zc3B0/1u0un89jaGgIzWbTXkQE7PA0Eqas2EhBZemdsN3Kv2aziVKphGQyiXw+by9uY993O917gu5T2EbXgQaz3dLxTmLnoe1oq8vnvcLMN2HKW1Gr1ZDNZkO9NxDRzrFjKpi2u1KpZAeFst7vbTV5UI9EIohEIvom0mw2MT09rdfzPA9ra2u+74Z19913Y2lpyQ4GWtu9k/71X/8VN27csIPb3L59e8uPdaekob2A16J/2ynONuJYwpYVu4EdX1tV/lWrVaTTaQwNDSESiWBoaAjZbBb1et13P7r77rtRLpd93+2XfT7d7lNbTe7H5kde7qTCy/7sNOZzh3zsSgx7HbuisN+Koo1Mx/axmZ+hoSEkk0nMzc3tyMr0nWg95XO1WtWVIHLt0uk0SqUSFhYWdPrqlOfks3//fmSz2bb02Ol7sl4+n29bZueB7eBf/uVf1pVvVldX1/3eQETblKKBeZ6nXNe1g3ta7/e2UqPRUPF4XEWjUVUsFlWj0dDhxWJRRaNR3znkcjk1SLJyXbctTiqVigKgKpWKL3yrua7b89y2+liLxaLK5XJ2MN0BOyE/b0eO49hBd8RG5qUwZcVOF5Tet6L8y2QyCoDK5XLK8zwdPj8/r+LxeFu8y7rr0el8gu5Td0qxWFQAVDwe1/dnUyqVGigOtgPP8xQABUAtLy/bi5Uy1rGvVSaTaQvrpdN1Xy/z+E2VSkWn52g02vHcaGP1Uz5PTU0pACqTyfiuz/Lyss5bdjoxyyjheZ4qFovKcRy9PZt8L2hZo9HQ37X3t11Ivum3rBn0vYGIth+2YBpQs9lEKpWyg3ta7/e2UrPZRDKZhOd5+PDDD5FOpzE8PAwAGB4eRjqdxocffshf3u4QaVpMd95OyM/bUTabXdcvnhuNeak/dyq9Z7NZFAoFFItFTExMIBaL6WVHjx7F4uIi4vE46vW673u72f333w+07slyfzY99NBDAICDBw/ai3aMWCwG13UBAKOjo/ZioLUOACQSCR1WKpVQKBSMte6MWCyGeDxuByORSGBmZgbFYhFra2t49NFH+Ty1jeTzeZw5cwazs7OYmZnxpb3R0VGUSiVkMhl88cUXvu9961vf8v2NVhpIp9P405/+hHg8jkKh0NaV7IEHHvD9axoeHsbIyAhgpXEiou3on6T57tDQkK9pud2st1qt+pppSsEo/ZmTySRqtRr279+vm2/WajVjV/94KJW+z5FWE1O5mTabTV+/9+npaUQiEczNzQX2iZf19+/fj3w+j4WFBYyMjCASiejzqFarOiyZTLbduGu1mj5P+/ylqb30C5YxQYaGhnzdApLJJJaWllAul33NVuVcpUntyMhIqO+Z8WmTOJDt2Tcnc7wJ89yCzj2M8+fPY2lpCZlMpuND3ejoKJ5++mk7GLDibGFhQYcHXc+N0CvOw15TYcb3/v37sbKyYq/SlZkm7WtlL7ePVZZLfrLzS71ex6OPPoq1tTVMTk523AeM5t2SJ0dGRjAyMuLLe53ypajVakin03qdbDaL/fv3o1qt+pp3m+k2KCxonC7zujRblZpDQ0O+vN7p+HZCOWBuO5lMdkzzdjP5fD7f1jRetmuGm9uT44u00qxZBpvlQ6lUwtDQENLptF7eKz0G6XZtZHmn85+entYvf/J99EgjUmYEXYe5uTl97uY1RED6NeOmV14KEy/9lhXm9ZN9mdff3H+3OAwqSyVPSFhQnjCZy+1Pp4qaTundNGj5Z6tWqygUCojH4750axoeHsYvfvELfP755/aitnuiqdt9N4w7dR0G1e2ZImwatc/TfHZDq9wxy6StqshdWFjA2NgYAODQoUOIGGVlt3urrVc6Diuo8k+k02mkUimsra3h/PnzQED3R2Ffl6pxfzfL45GRkbZn8HxrTLFIwL1u0Htptzxk7ndkZAQLxvNgEDkPSTd2+RD2viz6LZ/R2sfk5CTi8TjGx8ftxdorr7yCv/zlL76wu+++2/e3aXh4GG+//TYA4PXXX++Y7gZRKpWQbo0TZ5d7zWYT9XpdhwWlk2Zr6Asz3wZds3q9ru+rQ0NDOH36tL0KsI6yHq3y2vzO/v377VWIaDuTppazs7NtTRul2WIqldJhjuPo5pmNRkNVKhUVjUZVPB7XTZHle2bXB+lqNTs7q1SrKaXZvcrzPP29TCaj5ufnleu6KpfLqeXlZb1M9u15nj5m13V1uIRlMhnfvgDov1Wreat5Lvb5m81fp6amVLFYVJVKRTmOo6LRqN6O6tBcPpPJKMdxlOd5qtFo6G2ZTdjt70l8Oo7Ttr2pqSkVj8d1lwDzPOW78/Pz+nrZ18I897DW0xzX3J+cu+u6vrQQdD2FHSeqj+bqveK8n2s6OzurotFoW/pAj2a8cqxTU1P6u9LE2uzOUSwW9fVsNBq6abR8R5rUS3o0t2sy1+lEzjEej6tcLqdmZ2d9++6WL1Ur3qLRqF7H8zzdFUWOV5pv2+nZDqtUKvoaCPO65HI53dVlfn6+5/Ft93IglUrpaybxJvsKIsdobkfytd1sfmpqynftM5mMymQyqtFo6H1Fo1HVaDTayofZ2Vk1NTWl99MrPQbpdW1UiPOXcsDUKY2Y3QckL5nXRrYr2zS7MziOo1KplI4byQ8m87qLMPGy3rJieXm5bZ9BYd3iMKgs9ax7aS6X88WpGS+SJorFolJGd6uUcc/vJCi9S/odtPwLIuvY16gXOR85R/ucG13uu3I+9nHZ534nr4Mco33swj4u0euZQnVIj3aYfZ72s1s0GvXto9Nx9uKG6NZkLw+6fl6Ie2vYdNyPXscvaUCelaScgvXcqFrHIscraTfeegafn5/3lfVC0pScj1yz+fl5pQa8l3bLQ5lMxpfXJR66xWNmGzzLyfU2nxfCkvjpVlbJM5TkeWVck07f65WGlHEt0EpLsn3Jt5I3zXuhXc5IWpJnByl7zWNttJ7vZD25N9nHH6asl/M2RaNRnTYrrWcLIto5fDlaXkhMUhjMz8+rTIe+7K7rtj2sS4EhBdLs7KzvwUUZBbg8aEmhaBZiQpaZ++9UiHcKM2985gOnsM9fzsG8uQcVhPbDpmpt3yy05YZvHn/Q94LC5YFIClsR9KCKdVZCBEGIm7AtbJwFXU8VcO6qy7q2MHEe5vgkvoPSh30eNjlW81oFHb/50K1aN2sYD4TyMGBe23g83hY3Ya+ta1XyiTD50nGctjQlcdYrPQeF2fFthtkPnWGObzuXA67r+rbveV7PdJzJZNrKYTegjDXT+nKroswk6d98QEZARZUKkR6DhLk2vc4/KB47hQeluaC8FZQeokYFqTKO02R/R4WIl0HKCtVhn3ZYrzjsFge9yqGgcsEN8RKjOqT3sPvtFa9B5Lh65R8bQt4Tu52Pvc+w64aNj0Gug2yv18fcX7/PFHZc2WFyDHY+qLRe+k32OmGFiQ97eVBch7m3hr1u/eh1/OZ1tMPsOHMcx3c/cgPuD3YalYoWIXku6Dr2ut4SZucBe58S12ZelwoeM/5t2+FZrld5I9fK/IhO8WiS7ZvryPH3+oSBENdHwsxtFlsVkWa8SmWSmX6kEtAk18m+9/Yq6+3rplrHb37PvoZEtL39kzS1jUQiWFpawtramq859iuvvIJ4PI4nnngCo6OjHfv+2s1/pb/8rVu3AADvvfceCoWC3lckEsGZM2cAAJ988onvuzKmwGa6dOkSxsbGfMcTdP4IODe0mgp3UyqVUCqVdFPe733ve/YqoV2+fBlozX5h+v73vw8AbbPk3HPPPb6/AeDq1at20KYKirPNaAps6ifOg45PrukHH3wAADhw4IBvedB3OglqIi399KvVKtbW1uA4jk57X/nKVwBAz040OjoKpZTu5y9dUgYx0uq/b+qVL2u1GjzPwze/+U37q5vCHFMFIY5vUJtdDjz55JPIZrPIt2ZcjMViHctQ8cwzz2Btbc3XjDwWi2FpaUnvr1qt6rFV0CoDPM/znccTTzwBtJqam+zxHcKkxyBhrs16zn8zrK6uYnx8XHcnkePsJky8bERZ0csgcRhUDl27dk3//9577w0cA8txHDuoL0H77af822hB98Tbt2/bQZsmKD42+jq4rgv1jx8NfZ9cLmev2vczRVj2s9tXv/pVoNWlUsquTt0bt0o/99ag62aPt7OZEokEXNfFqVOndFi1WsWRI0fayhj7b1jXcXx8HKurq7or3COPPOJbdzPI/s37+vj4uI7/TrbTs1yn662UwuzsLGDkvY2Sy+Xa8rFSSr9XbaYLFy7AcRxfHA0PD+sunBK3pVIJR44cMb7Znl8GKetTqRSOHDmin4PudLlBRP35J7sAU0r5bgbDw8P4z//8T6D1QhFW0M2jU6F5pwqOSqXSdiz2+a+X9GGOx+PYt28f3nnnHXuVvn355Ze+v+3CfKNFo1Eg4AV1vTaiQqCbjYpzefHYiHRgsvvp2+lOKeUbG0DGO3j//fdx6tSpTXu46JYv//a3v9mrb7lux7cRNrMcGB8fx+9+9ztcvXoVDz74YKgxPBKJBBzHwYULF4BWOnjmmWcQj8dx8eJFAMDFixdx7Ngx3/c6vWDOzMz41uvE/p6y0mOQXtdmPee/GWTMiR//+Mc4fPhw4Et3J/a5mfGyWWWFaTPj8OTJk4hGo3qbtVoN169fx4kTJ+xVB9Zv+We79957AQB//etf7UXr8uc//9kOumO28jqYNvuZYnh4GH/605/w2GOP4dvf/rYeE+ZOG+TeaqfjjSIVGfZg4KdOnYLnefpF+/Tp013HBOpmbm4ODz74IG7duoUrV67Yi7eN7fAsJ+XNH//4R3uR9rWvfQ0A8Nhjj9mLepIfXL/+9a/bi+641dVVO6itkn5tba3tx6pO7HK+V1mPVgXW6dOncerUqVDjdhHR9tI2i5ydiZvNJt566y3Mzs6iXC6HfrgNaq3y7rvv2kFoNps9WwFslj/84Q92UNv5r9ezzz6LK1eu4NNPP8X4+PiGPLh1etm3C/6NIi+J6/01c6ttdJxv9oNwUFqTsGq1ikOHDuH06dMolUqhWyysR7d8KXHY6Ve8rdDt+DbCZpYDaFUYLS4u4p133sHrr78eOMCv7Wc/+xnK5TLq9TouXryIRCKBH/zgBygUCqjValhdXW17aC6Xy4HlbthzCVovKMwU5tqs5/w3UrPZRDweRywWw40bN/qumAyKAztss8uKzYrD0dFRvPbaa/j4448RiUTw6KOP4qWXXsLExIS96oaz47BTmPjOd74D9PlD105xp67DVjxTDA8PY2JiAp9++inuvfdePProo22tQ/sRVMaJMC2+tvLe2o9f//rXANA2aYrZiqler6PZbAb+gNtLPp/HyZMn8eGHH+LVV19tu39spqDysdtAz9vhWU7Km0Kh0DXNrUetVsPS0hKi0eiWtCTr19raWsdzvuuuu/T/P/74Y9+yToLK9aAwWzqdxsrKCk6cOIEnnngi1HeIaHv4J7vg/f3vf6//32w28fzzz+M3v/kNxsfHMTU1hcnJyVCZXJqmyq/sTz75JJaWltpuKm+++aZuRr2VUqmUflkzmec/iHK5jKeffrqvpridyK9rb731li9cXvoff/xxX/hGefHFFxGNRvH666+3xZNpenq6481oK21UnO/btw/YxIq1RCKBaDSKn//85754q9fr+tdR6T7R78twv3rly/vuuw8wHn57sdOB/Xe/eh3foDa7HDAr5I8ePYqXXnopVPcsKTez2SwOHz7sC3vqqad0VxYhZcTLL7/sCw9TVodJj0HCXJv1nv9G+uSTT7C2toZnnnnGXtRVmHjZiLLC7KoVlF82Mw6r1Sree+89lEolKKWwurq66ZUaYeI1SDqdRjweR7lcbktzplKptGGVz1tlq69Dv88UvdJoJ9XWLKNoVTSVSiWsra3pLnr9ePjhhwEAf/rTn+xFQOu6261/gmzVvdXWLd5KpRIuXboEx3Fw/Phxe7FuxXTkyBH89Kc/tReHcvXqVRw4cGBdlVPrdfDgQQDA5OSkL3xubq7r/Xs7PMuZM/vZ99Veuv0g12w28YMf/AAA8Nprrw18jhvtySefBFqzSJtu374Nx3F0+nEcB1euXOmartdb1sO6701MTMB13bbyioi2r3/6xje+ocd3GBkZ0Q/hzdbUyN/5znd0AfiTn/wEAPC9732v7QGuXC7raWnr9TpOnTqFqakp/SvJsWPH4DgOxsbGkGxNlZ1MJnHPPffo7UvT91/+8pfGlv9BlpnN4z/77DPAeviRF0WzZl0Ktmazqf9/8uRJrK2todP5m9swz1X2Zd5A7r33Xly/fh3NZlO/0EWjUbz77rtotqYEla4tf/3rX3U8BX2v2WxiZWUFKysr+lhHR0eRyWTa4vjnP/+5L47l3M3xlsxzF9XWVMO9WqPFYjF8+OGHAIBHH30U+Xze98vjwsIC0uk0vvvd7+prGDbOgq5n0Ll3WjdImDgPc3zyIjM5Oam/V6vVdJPearXa8aYqx2iOryHbNdPpa6+9hqWlJTz44IOYnp7G9PQ0jhw5oh8u5RdkeZEqlUo6Xubm5vR1iEaj+np3qkyQeC2Xy20VKb3yZSwWQyqVwqVLl5BOp1GtVlEqlQLH9Iq1xgmam5vDwsKCbmVx/fp1X5zJNTCPRcIkvkWv48M2LweuXr2KfGvsnGaziY8//jhUd4zh4WFkMhlcv35dvwjJOAhoVTSYRkdHdWXZSGu68Ww2i7feekuvK3Fy7ty5tvTbKz0GCXNtep2/pPNqtYparabTdVAauXnzJhCiHJHlsr784irlQbVa9eUZs8y281KveBmkrEDrIb1QKGBhYQGlUkk/1F+9elWnt15xGBQHYcuha9euoVwuI5lM6k8+n8fc3FzX40aH9B52v73itZPFxUXE43GMjY0hm8360ketVkM2mwVaLzYShhD3xGYf955+1g0bH4NcByn/7OMRkpfMYwj7TIGQaVTOM+jZ7cc//rFeT/6Viod8Ph/qWQQAjh8/jmg0iu9973u+CsZ6va7Lu5MnT/q+I3n/2rVraLZaVoa5t4a9bslkEkNDQx3vvaJerweOOSNpdmxsDPF4HP/93/8dWOEgrZhWV1fbKsYkPUpeNMPNfyW/1mo1fa5olZMS/4PcS4PyhRy3pG25TrVarWtF13Z4lgOAX/3qV/q+mkwmfde5Xq8Htn5Ghx+oms0mSqUSHnnkESwtLSGXy7V1dZR7VlDLIIlfWOccRO6jdnqwr4+5jnzn2LFjiMfjeP311335tlAo+Cp43nrrLaytrSGZTOrvSnzcvHlTp5swZX3Q/f7111/XebRer2NlZcXXFVHyXrfrR0R3kMym4DiOb8YMmVnAHNnfDIMxu4LbmgFFlkej0cDZEzzP07OU2OvYsyeYMx3Yy3K5XFuY25p60wyTY7TDRKVS0bNJdDt/2WdQmGrNlBGNRpXjOHpmjGKxqKLRqJ69yPM8FW1N4S2zMwR9r9OxqlY8RKNRfbzmrEhB5xkUJuvasyp143mempqaUk5rylzZf8aYLlz1EWf2dZJ4tI+1Uqm0rWvPgGHqFedBxxIUplozXcgMipJWXddVqVSqbeYdEXSsQWFidnZWx6nrur5ZVczjdV1XX4NoNOqbTUNm/DDTlc3cPwJmRemWL5UVF05r2ls5L3NbnjFNrRnn5uyTdnxXKpW2MHv/3Y4vKH7tMNmPHSY2sxyQmVZk3VQq1fE62ST9m+bn5zvm20ajodMIWrPFyb66nb/olh476XZtVIjzbzQaetY+Sdd2/HZKI3ZY0LV3W/lNZo1zHEdVKhU92405u1invNQrXtZTVggpi81jiUajampqSpet3eLQPt9cQPnaLV5k9kFz+/Y6ndjpPWgfQWGiV7x20mg01OzsrM6zaMV7KpXylUdBaT4oTAWUkSogbuXY7XUln5phW3Ud7HVl36rD+aOPZwrRK412Oif5rmvkU7l/CCmvoiGnIPc8ry0/OAHPIibJm3Lsve6tQecTFKZas5E5rWffTszztz+SbsPMkDU7O9s2G6IKSANB171Sqeg0hlZcSNnbT/7ttP2g4xB2+Rh0DrY7/Sxnq1QqbelOjmd2drbrfdb8xONxX9lubt9eF8bzVdB16JTmgrbVT5iy4gyt45Zlpvn5eV8ZLmV6LpfznWO3sr7TdZPnAnRIN6lUSjnWbIpEtH1E1D9uDANJJpNA69dFItr98vk8JicnUalUts0YFkTUn1KphPvvv78tD9dqNTz11FP6F3PaXHv9OqTTaV+rpJ1mK44/nU7jzJkzWzp2EhER0Xq0DfJNREREu1u1WsXY2FhbpQZaXajCjGdDg9vr16FWq+Ghhx6yg3eMubk5/OhHP7KDN5R0QWLlEhER7QQDVzA1m03d95t9YYn2BnusAyLaWcxxShYWFlCv11Gv11GtVgPHs6HNsZevw8LCAj755JNNHdB8M83NzeFrX/taYOXgoKrVKpLJJLLZLFKp1K5OB0REtLsM1EWu2pru1cQuM0S7WzKZ9M3KksvlduwLAtFetrCwgF//+te4dOkS0BrQ+ciRI3jxxRfZWmIL8TqQrVqt4tvf/jaGhoZw4cIFPlcTEdGOMVAFExERERERERER0cBd5IiIiIiIiIiIaG9jBRMREREREREREQ2EFUxERERERERERDQQVjAREREREREREdFAWMFEREREREREREQDYQUTERERERERERENhBVMREREREREREQ0EFYwERERERERERHRQFjBREREREREREREA2EFExERERERERERDYQVTERERERERERENBBWMBERERERERER0UBYwURERERERERERANhBRMREREREREREQ2EFUxERERERERERDQQVjAREREREREREdFAWMFEREREREREREQDYQUTERERERERERENhBVMREREREREREQ0EFYwERERERERERHRQFjBREREREREREREA4kopZQdOIhIJGIHERERERERERHRLrbhFUxERERERERERLS3sIscERERERERERENhBVMREREREREREQ0EFYwERERERERERHRQFjBREREREREREREA2EFExERERERERERDYQVTERERERERKTV63VEIpFQn3w+b399XZLJpG+71WrVXqUv+Xx+U46TiDpjBRMRERERERFpsVgMSikUi0UdlslkoJTyfTbS4uIicrmcHbxuExMTqFQqdjARbSJWMBEREREREVHfPM+zg4hoD2MFExEREREREYWWzWaBVkuniYkJHW52cxsZGfF1U5PvmKrVqq8bWzdhu7yZ61y7ds1erNn7TiaTvuX2/ur1ug5LJpNt3Qjz+bzv/OV8s9lsW5jN3E7Eigfz+5FIBKVSSf/fPmZhdzes1+tAwH6CjnHQrom0t7GCiYiIiIiIiEIplUq4cuWKHQy0urk5jgMYrZukm1qhUECpVNLrVqtVHDp0CAB0l7vJyUm93JTNZjE5OYlcLgelFHK5HCYnJ9sqbKRyplKpQCmFq1ev+paLUqmEQ4cOwXVdKKVQqVRQLpcxMjKi15mYmEAmk9F/X758GTdv3gQArKysIBaL+brgTU5O4tSpU7pbYaFQQCQSweHDh31hZgWOVHIVi0UopeC6LgD4jmNmZkaHA8BHH32k47ZcLrdVtI2MjKBcLqNSqej92tcEAFzXxczMDNDaRyaTQaVSQSKR0OsQ9YsVTERERERERNSVVJiMjY3ZiwI5juNr3QQAt27d0v8/ffo00KroEEFjMNXrdRQKBQDAwYMHff+aFTZmRYtUkpw6dUqHmST8scceA4z1Pc9rq7ARN2/e1JU9ZgWQyOVySCQSuP/++31h6XTaF/bZZ5/p/1+8eBEwjicWiwE9uh5KpZCQSi+04sDzPDiOg0QigXQ67Vs3FovpOC6Xy74KvwceeICVSzQwVjARERERERFRVzLItznw9yDK5TJgVKp0cvnyZf3/++67z/cvAN0NTlorSWudTqrVqq7A2bdvnw6X73Vq9fTMM88ArVZai4uL9uLQzEq2w4cPA1aLpUEEHbs9ILtZ6XfhwgWg1aJLKu2IBsEKJiIiIiIiIgolnU7jyJEjdnBfZEygjWB2W9sInbZjVmptlHQ6DaUUZmZmEIlEdEstrDOOOh27zWzFVK1W8dFHH7H1Em0IVjARERERERFRaGY3rXq97utqtdUeeOABO2ggG9WaKKxkMgnHcVAsFn1jPq2HHHu3LnYAcOzYMf3/06dPb3gc0t7FCiYiIiIiIiJal7Nnz/rGGAojFovpLmm9WuqYXbc+//xz37/mcmlV1atyxWypY3ZXk+/JuExbIZvNolwuw3GctvGS1sM89m6VfrFYTFdmlctlX4UT0SBYwURERERERERdBVUEJZNJFAqFdXUfk0G+y+Wy3rY5i9yhQ4dQr9eRSCR0ZYiMtyT/ZjIZXWH04osv6u9K5YrsA61tS7iMIyVjFslA4UEDk28mezY+++9+mcduDsaeTCZ9s9fBGFMqk8n0HAeLKDRFRERERERkyOVyCkDgx/O8tjD5ZDIZe1MbolKpqGKxaAfvGJlMRgFQruvai7albtfY/jiOo7/num7bMnt98zra6Uz+rlQqep1u69oqlUrbOmHXta+NvT/7uILiSK5zrzCJA3sf9t/KSDvyCYpT+/zs5UHxqVrXq9OyjVQsFtuOqdNnK47HjtOdXLZsNxFlDilPRERERETUkkwm9WxfxWLR142nWq3i0KFDQKvlR9gBhtcjEom07X8nkXh0XXegGciINlI2m/WNp7XZstmsHsjczs9SnlQqlS0ZcLxUKulWXvax0PqxixwREREREW1bkUjEDtpxFhcXoZRi5RLdUfl8HpFIBKVSCfV6fVsN7p1IJHTXRdq5WMFEREREREQbrl6vIxKJ6E/QoMPZbLbjOtVq1Ve5NDY2hkgk0jaWjBgZGdHbSSaTvjBzu6VSybfPTmMLmetImGxHXtTNbZjfMWciCwqXc5NPqVTyhZnM78t5Ea3HzZs3gdbg5mfPnt02g3tns1kAQDqdDmy9ZOZtO38gID/m83l7lbbyyBzg3WbnTzvf2eWWGZbNZtu+XyqVfOcgx2fm7TDHbM9waB+HWbbZxyyC4tLej3k85jEGlZVt7D5zREREREREyhpTxx6nxBzDxhyHx1wm49rI2DLmNhzH0cvNMVpkDBYZd6nT/oPIuq7rKtd19VgrMkaNPSaPnJ/neXobMsaN7K9THJjjuMj35bt2fASFm+eWy+WU67p6PXt7nufpMX/ssYKIwjLzbJj8tNHMPCP7z2QyXcduM/OY5F8zH3XK4+Y2zfGy7Lxlx4XkS8lnEmd2njbLhVwu1zbOmj3ulHn88qlUKr4wsxyS70t5KMdr53/zODKZjO9cO43NFRSXZtqwr4frur5j64YtmIiIiIiIqCdpQSQfGX8pyHPPPef7d9++fQCACxcuAK0WAp7noVwuo1qt+qa5/+yzzwBrOvl+lctlnDp1Ss8stm/fPtTrdT1LmbTckNmzLl++DLRaQnie55s2Xs5hM507dw6Li4s4ceIE0DouORbXdRGLxfSxmrOuEfUjkUhAKQWl1B0fc0jKExmTKYi0bJI8YLe4qtfr+vsHDx70/VsoFHRrx7NnzwKtseIkH5kzDJpOnToFAHjssccAoxzyPC+wlZGYmZnxbd9ULBYRi8V0OShhiUTCF/b555/r/0tZKccprZe6jXVnj6clLdYQIi7N2RrNuEMrLoLOKwgrmIiIiIiIqKdisahfTpVSqFQq9ipA66XP8zzAeImUwXRlwHCz8mg9U9z34jgOEokEYrGYfpm+fv26b7n5civT1Z87dw4wXua2ilQsTUxMQOZgkmMql8u+7iwAfOdCtBNJeSKVGkGuXLni+1vys1SySMUwjHLELE+uXbsGGNvpla+l4htGpTha5QWMPGmTypqVlZW2Sp5+SOU6jAqusBU7vfSKSwC6Qh4ALl68CLQq3e3KqG5YwURERERERBvG/BU+l8v5KqWk8gSA/jubzfpaQ3UbGyWsoBdJc7uVSsV3TDL4trxcbjXzZVbIi5/jOG1xeKdbnxBtlG4VMoPmR2nBM+h2RKfWQxtVCWSSyuZnnnkGkUhEV86v91zCfC8Wi/laMdXrddy8ebOv82MFExERERERbQqzi4ZNBqRFq8JnK5ktBba7Ti+G9gC/kdYAw0Q7jVnJJDPcwWg51Klip5eNniUvqOJ6M42MjODQoUOoVCpwXdde3JewcfnMM8/o/2ezWRw+fNi3vBdWMBERERER0YYxu791Gl+lWq3qbnMy5slmk7FZYIxvYpOXuF4vYVvhyJEj+v9BM/DNzMy0tWzq1hqEaCc4deqUbjEjecDzvMDZI808LS0nzRaUsjxsvjbLLrPFo1TySre1rZBMJvUYbIOMRyd6xaVIJBI6vsrlct+tJVnBREREREREGyqXy+n/m61qpAWAjI0i7L+FOfg3rG31y35xkkqbarWqtysDepsvYZ0qo+xf9kulUsfWRuthjocilXFoxUG3F0SinSCoK6w5zhisPGAOtj8yMoJ6ve4bmFrKEPk3k8noihmpxDbztVmxPTY2psOLxSJgjLck4Y7jYGJiQn9ns0mXuE5/96tXXJpkuVmOh2ZPK0dERLuLPSVqt0/YKUiFOTWqTHNqT8sq06t2Y05ba3/s6VhpdzPTlHxkmt1isajTk7ncnk7XZqZJZU1XbG7fnLJ4p6Y7c5rhfvPzTtTr2tP6dbt32HnI/JjXJGgbwt6Gva45bXjQ1OZBzDyMgGnFhV3O2Pndvo912789RXhQORK0PzOvyseeUlwFxFPQMexWdpoIip87wS53zGsU5plnL7LzVLdPt/iVj31/C5NW7GOQ7wTlJzt/2mVE0HOreUz292GVI93CJA3Zy8xzlLLNXscuA+V7IkxcCsdxOi7rhhVMRER7hPmAaz8AyU13PTcSuZmZD/LmTdDel02Oy3zgDnpAp93NTDP2w2VQejIfkuz1beb3hfnwZz587fR0Zz5Aryc/7ySZTGbHXifaWcx8FfQySpunU1l9p0haMJnH2OuZh2in6PVs1Qm7yBEREdLp9PqawW4As8lvIpGAsqZMpd0vn89jcnISaDXHtscQMaftXg/5/iDb2CnS6bQ+135mfdlpstlsx7F9iIg2Q6lU8nVVFPLsopTakLFyiO4EmTSgWq2iWq22dQEOixVMRER7nIw7MTExgVgspmf1kY+MTWGGbYR6ve7bVrlcRiQSaesHbsvn875jyefzHZeNjIy0nY/sM5lM6nXozqnX67pyqdf4Bt0qQc00ag6Ga6eJXukrjKBtSlgymfSta65nplVhp89SqYRSqeTbjrlcxl6xvxO0LRk3YmRkRIfJdiXMjCv7+2Zc2dsw40DykPn9TvnK3I45lo4dp922NTIyoiuXpNwYZFweItpezLIgaGwuu6zq9pxily1hy2tzG2jdY8zKpUirbOpUHgt51pCPOXZW0HfNvzfifkUUlqS3zz77DKdPn+57cG/NbtJERES7U1AXuUwmE9gENqhLkvl906Bd5OT7dlcX+b4ZLn3NpZm87Mc8B7M/uuzbbL5udm+w90lbz7xeQWmxE3scgWKxGNgVTln7kG5jnbpdSFivtGFuM5fL6b8lH8jx2WOTmfuS45V9md1wzP0HdQfs1GWnU94zt+u6bse8JH9Lfje72ck2ZD37GmQyGV+Y3Z1FwpUR/53yrpy/uW3VigtzH72uE9GgzHtfp7RNG0fiOOjZI6j87LSuqVd5LeWRlKWyHfO5plKpdNx+p/JYnm/s4zPXMb8r2w3aP9FmM9Nir2f3btiCiYhoDzp06BAikciO6mJSr9f18cq0s/JvoVDQvwqa3asuXrwItH6NETIbULVa9c2iQXfGlStX9P8feOAB37KwMplM2y9tWznD0s2bNzEzMwPXdXVrG2lRc+LECcCYCevcuXOA1XJLZrKxz2EzlMtlnDp1Ss8ms2/fPt+xHDt2DAB097rLly8b3/4H13V1i0czbGZmxhd28+ZN/X+JD5nt57777gO6TGFvd5OUX1Zjsdiu7vpH28/i4qLu/iSfbi0taf3MVp727F8bJai8lmcF2ZeUMeaMgP12fSsZMwrKd2WK+6BudjBmLxMbOSMhUS9mF/t+07uJFUxERHtQpVKBUkq/7O0E5ouuvJzKv7CmuJbzkpfXW7du6TAZ8+nixYtb8kJPu98zzzwDtF5EFxcXASOdTU5OIhKJ4NChQ0DrhaFerwem563gOA4SiQRisRiUUkin07h+/bpvuVn5LNM0r4fZvUMqEguFAiKRCBzH0cu2sjKQiLYvKW/M8mGjBZXXMtaM3R13EPJjlnku+/bt0/9nuUe7FSuYiIj2MLuVwE5mtpYwByaUhzh5qETrl0XaHswHevMa7iR2BZFZsZLJZNpaP8RisTt2rkEvULdu3dL/l8pn+cgL2KDkl3jXddviY5BfSolo99iKCT7s8hpGy42ZmZm21t2bNQ6S2bKaaDdhBRMR0R63WyqZzO5VZsuk5557DgcPHkQikdC/JJ46daqtEsocWFM+tPnMbopmd7ndYrNeTjbLZr/0bMULJBFRv5LJJBzHQbFY3JLW3dJtmmi3YQUTERHtCDLeEgB8/vnnvn/t5Wi1lBDSQuLIkSNAqzWFWQllTjFsfmjzpdNpfa08z+vaumynzBQWi8V0ZWa5XA6sZDIrOM10fCeYeUe6dWw08xqzawgRBTHv0Vspm82iXC7DcZwN6zov4y2Z52K2FmXLTdqtWMFERERt7MqaarWqx5TZLL1aNiQSCf2rooy3JP9mMpm2hzVpGSMPrDC6yZmVT3TnLS4u6gqZsbEx30CvaLUCikQivm6O293p06f1/82KMemiZr7EyACznSrXzAorsZED3yYSCZ0nyuWyPg6Z+nsjmMdrtlpLJpOBFXC92GM4dYo7Ito5ZPIBGOWhWZZOTk7q8I18TrFbz9p/C3uCgW7l48TEhC6npFJdxpiyB/Mmss3NzaFWq9nBAIBarYbp6WkMDQ1t6Q821WoVc3NzdnA7e1o5Ito+zGlVe302gj1Vaj9Thgexp7DmdKt3hjmVr/3pxp4y3JyeV66lPX2z67pt6QjWVOfCTh/mujK1r3zMtGifT7fpohEw1arjOL4pgml7sdMDOpQdQevYYZ7ntaUXCbfDisVi2zY6lYFB27TTmQooU2XfJnt/8n/XdX3ryTTa8rGPoVKpdNyffV5B8ak65GdhbyPo/tQpTNjnACPe7PNBwDXttC07roi2iuQ72jh2OSFlQ9C93i4zg55TgsoWu7y217H/Ntnh9vHa27fLVXNZ0Hftcq9Teb3T2HEadD3vBPs+bz4f2OlkKzQaDeW6rmo0GvYizfM8NTU1dUeOcX5+vi3ObBHFPgBE297IyIhuYut5nu8XlHw+j8nJyQ3rzlOv1/UvLplMZkPG55HjdxynZysVIqK9TMb+cl13wwbYJqLNEYlEUCwWN6xbFdFuVq1W9YyquVwOExMT9ipbqlQqYWxszPcOZR5jpVJpax2/2ZLJJE6dOtVzv/L+dyeOMZ/P4/bt23j11VftRQC7yBHtfBMTE1syGCERERER/QMngiDauaRyyWaOybnVFTelUgnNZnPL99uv48ePo1AodOyexwomoh3KHHPCbGVUKpV8s2DZfwcZGRnRyy9fvmwv9gkzy1Y2m9XLu/VPR6um3tyeWVjJuCvyyefzvrB6ve77/sjISOD52jOEBTGPOdKKNxF0HGacBRWw9nHImDL2fuR4zGPsFWdERER7iX0fL5VKvvuw3GPNZwJ7LLeg7Zj3b3N7yWTSd782tyXbEGNjY23bIqJ/MPObjJtpsp+Xq62x/8wwkc/nfeH1el2HJZNJ33bN9cxtoPUsblYuRVrvEHb5YI/t1+2dJei75t9hxho8deoUnn76aTsYaG1///79+ljfffddexXf+8nQ0BCmp6f1MvNYIh3iVMq56elpHZZMJtvGXRoeHsaRI0fwy1/+0heu2X3miGj7Mftjy/gd3caRMfs5S99t2YY9VoWEy7bM/uxmH1uzT7Kwj0kZ35fvmmOC2P3IZd/Sf1j6qZvnZfZPz+VyynEcvZ58z4wf2a/8DeOc7XWEbFNZx9utn7zneb64Mkn828ci52X2xzfjrlKptB0bEe0NQeMn2WUm0V5m55GgMdYqlYovzLzHyvflPiv3cPNeb26rWCwGPhNUrPHOOj2LEe11dt4xn3/NMZjMPBu0rsl89s7lcvpvuV/K87r9zG3eTyuVSsftd8rbYd5Z7DLKXK/X/Xx+ft63fdPy8rICoGZnZ5VqHX80GvWtL/uWvyVO5+fnlWq9x8k52OM7TU1NqampKaWUUrOzs3oMqEajoTKZTOB4WbJ9e1xJpZRiCyaiHcZxHEQikdBTuNpTTptjIJVKJb2dAwcOANYMHqazZ88C1uxb8n9pcVOv11EoFABjCu50Ot02+xGsfUtTUJnSNajJKlqzh6ysrOgZiO677z7fcsdxdGsu2afjOHocEwkzf0WoVqvwPA/lchnVahX333+/XvbZZ5/p/5tyuVzbTCKyzXq9jsnJScCYsczuwmi2ODNbK127dm1Dxrwiop0nnU7rZvny4Zh1RMGKxSJisRj27dvnC0skEr6wzz//XP9fni3k3vzAAw8AxiyOJtd128ZVkmeC7d59hWg7MFv9SZ7ZyNlPAeDmzZuYmZmB67p6hlbJz7IveV4335v6zcPreWexZwrs9d72l7/8BQBw11132Yvw1FNPIZPJYHx8HLBmVRa3b99GNBrVx3f8+HHA2G4sFtPvhB988IHxTeDSpUv4yU9+ArS2E4vFMDw8jOHhYczMzPjKVCFh/+///T97EbvIEe00nudBKRVYadOvjz76SP/frjCxScWRuZ78X6aFvX79ul5mVtQEkULOPA+zAAtqai6FqbyI9TrmTsyXNvMmY1dYrYcZB2JmZgZKKf2wGovF9LmUy2VdOXXz5k3f94iIiGj9pFLIfKY4dOgQIpGI/jGo05T0RLR+V69eBazn/I0mlcWLi4v6x2T5gVsqnDbCet5Z+iXxNTo66guv1WrwPE+fl7jnnnt8f4+Pj2N1dRXNZhNzc3N45JFHfMvReudxXddX0VetVnHkyBEMDw8DAA4ePIhSqYRsNqvfT+zKdhjveVKBZWIFE9EOZbdMWo8w/YHDqtfruHXrlh28bkGth+TXxo0mrQWy2ayeOQLAus4n7HfMlmJnz55FqVTSN0oiIiLaOOYzRbFYZEtBok22Ffkq6Idh+RF6ZmYGkUhE/0CODX7vMQW9s2yUL7/8Egjxwz0AzM3N4cEHH8StW7c6VpyfOnUKnufp8aVOnz6tW0ahVQm1tLQEtCrUstksms2mXh4GK5iIdqhEIuGrUQ4azHIrrbc1USdhCtKNIgPxoTUl6SDMXzS63XBisZjuYlgoFPDRRx/13WSXiIiI+hP2hyAi2pmSySQcx0GxWGzrSrYZtuKd5a9//asd5JPP53Hy5El8+OGHePXVVzu+l5mtmOr1OprNZlurqVgshpmZGSwvL+PGjRttA6j3wgomol2gXq/rppX9kP7DCFGrL5Uh5nryf1l28OBBvaxb5QqMfZt9ks2Hvq2qbKlWq7r/9Eb0DZexrBCilZm5v81qnUVERLTXmffmc+fO+ZYR0cY7cuQIEGLsoY2WzWZRLpfhOE5g16712Ip3FtmH3d1OWmm99957vnDb1atXceDAgbbKoiDSiunIkSP46U9/6ls2NzenWyyNjo7iF7/4BZaWltqO64svvgCsH9YFK5iIdhhzwEq0CiLHcTrWVHczMTGh/3/58mXAGMwbrZY10jJKBp+W8ZbM/8syqRWHUbliDozneZ6uBZ+YmNB9maXQkkoye2C8zWRPmWr/3S97fCVpgir9mU2JRELHgXktiIiIaOOY92bP8/SzTb1e7/vXeQS0WLDv77T1arVa23TqotlsolQqIZlMrut6D2J6errnj7i7kTkUhNkdS0xOTupw8wdqtN4LzPeNfthdw+y/hf3e1C0Pb8U7i8SBVNyIWCyGqakplMtl3V2t2Wzq/f/1r39FvV7Hvffei+vXr6NWq+lxmNAa39Xu5SLva6urq22VcLdv38bzzz+v0+y1a9cQjUbx1a9+1beejL1kVt5r9rRyRLR9mFNx9vrINJn2FJloTY1p/u26rt6H53m+ZTLtpEzja7O3HcTcXyaTUY7jdJye05wmFNb0nPaxBR2X/X3XdQPPNygsaB/2lMfFYrFtHQTEKbpMo4qA4xbFYrHjMiIiIvrfqcft+2qYMPO5wl5uPpvY93X7727bMqcqp61XLBYDp1IXjUZDP8uZz8BbodFoqFQqpZaXl+1Fu56db+UZO+hamfnJdV3f873kU/sZ3c6TQevYf5vscPt47e3b7xzmsqDv2mVIp3ch4ThOYNyo1nlFo1GFVjk3NTWl4vG4KhaLqtFoqOXlZb2/qakp1Wg0VDweV47jBKa92dlZNTU1ZQer2dlZFY/H9THH4/HA76dSqY55KaL+Ebk7hoyTYqpUKkgkEshms31P8Z1MJnUNqeM4bQOSlUol3H///b6mbyMjI/A8D7lcjq0O+hB07YB/DLAszOuB1q9Mdg0z0W4SVMbsBdlsFoVCAa7r6pk/iIiIiPpRrVZx+vTpUM8SkUjkjjx3NJtNPPLII7hy5Qrfa6ijUqmEN954Azdu3LAXbbh0Oo0zZ86sOz0ODQ3hd7/7XeD7y47pIpdMJnUFhT37w+nTp9tGiQ9rcXGx4/SJ9Xpdj81i2uq+pLuFUkp3n0KrQs+u31xcXEQulwNa66830RNtV/V6HZFIRDfR3quDe+/F5uJERES0sZ577jm88MILdvC2Mjw8jBMnTnTthkWUTqfhOA4WFhbsRRtKnsHX+549NzeHTCbT8f1lR1Qwma1aKpVKW1/BxcXFgWd+stXr9Y4VT1KxxdZL/TN/MTDH4xGlUgmTk5OsxKNdS8bQWllZQbVa3bODey8uLkIpteW/IhIREdHuION8Hj161F6EZrOJ6elpDA0NIRKJtL0/ojVuUzqdRiQSQSQSwf79+1Gr1YDWrFwSHolEfOPYmOFo7UsaQwwNDSGZTLYNiuy6Lsrlst4+UZBf/epXeOuttzY8nVSrVSSTSWSzWaRSKZw8edJeJZRarYZbt27h1VdftRdp276CqVQq6cqlbjVl5uDCMuW4fKrVKrLZbFth0EmpVPJVLh06dAiRSES3PJBPNptt25fsD0bhMzIyYmz9H13szPXNX/Kr1apvWalU8oXtBuZgaOVy2VcAj42NoVgsBtao2gV9EHO5vY59rarVqg6zrxHRZpGBvT3Pw+nTp3dsRXW3/GiGy691Zr6ThzAz7wWVfebfdosnuzw2P8zPREREu98bb7zh6x1hev7553HlyhUsLS2h0WhgaGjIXgVPPfUUAKDRaMDzPKytreEHP/gB0BrYWXpVTE1N+Z7XGo0GotGo/kH8+eefx8MPPwylFJaWlvQsXCaZ3avTQOREaLV2W1xcxP/9v/+37dl3UNevX8eVK1fwi1/8ItRsc7ZarYZPPvmka+US8I/WONuaOThWPwPomQN6yQBc5sBcJtmHDLxVqVQCv6+sAYFlYF5zUGV7YC5zMC/5rqxjDmZmsrdnDlDseZ5v3Z2q08BtnQYLk7iSNCDxIWRgNVku27cHUzOvay6X63gNiKizXvnRLicdx+n4HTOP2gPUqw552RxIUcpnM18TERHR7gdApVIpO1g/T5jvTY1GQ8Ea5DsajarZ2Vn999TUlO95RrWeQ+z3iWKx6Bsg2XVd33uq53ltg0+r1rNPPB63g4l2lW3dgqler/u6StlTgm6WTq2kOkmn07r2fHJyUoeXSiU9VTuMaeBlHbNrTKcaynPnzmFxcREnTpwABugrud2Yg7HLdLGTk5OB3WWq1aoeX0uat0oLBZne8uLFiwCAU6dOAUY8detqd/XqVczMzCCTyXTsDklEfmHyo6lQKODKlSt45plngD7KcXvaVzMvS36HUV5LGXzu3Dm9jIiIiHYn6QHx0EMP2Yvw/vvvw3Ec33vT8PCwbx0AWF1dxfj4uO7tcubMGXsVnDp1Cp7n+Z5xLly4gOPHj+u/n3zySWSzWeTzeTSbTcRiscD3yZGRESwtLdnBRLvKtq5g2kmee+45/X8pgOzBew8ePAi0BrcOSyqWJiYm2gbE3slisZhudopWpZv9QimuXbum/y9dYKTb5EcffQQAOHz4MGC86IYh12xmZqZt9kAiChYmP5pc19UPWkqpwAcuIiIioo3y97//PdQ7Qb1eRzKZxI9//GMcPnzY924iZBgW+RG7Wq3i3nvv9VVejY+P43e/+x2uXr2KBx980DdeE9Fes60rmOzWOp999pnv7+3EHDjuwoULqNfrbYP3ygvWysoKIpGIr7WTDPxr27dvnx20a9hjzxw4cMD3t7h586b+v+d5epB1pZRuCZVOp/XfEWtGwU6tw8K2pCCi/xUmP5rscnwjSGsoGL9gSiWXVMoTERHR3nX9+nU7yKfZbCIejyMWi+HGjRuBg4ALsxXTxYsX8f3vf99eBYlEAouLi3jnnXfw+uuvY3p62l6FaE/Y1hVMaA3sLYJ+Hd9O5FjL5TIuX76MY8eO2avowcZzuVxgLTl116kiDq3ZBh3HQbFY9KUbItoc3fLjZpLKehiTMKA1y6hdcU1ERES7j7SIvnr1qr0IsVgMa2trbTO5mT755BOsra35frTqxGzFdOXKlbZZ68wWS0ePHsVLL70U2N2u2Wz21ZOFaCfa9hVM5i/ihUKhY2sUtCpv7iSzgLp69WrbL/f5fF63rOFLUHjS/Q3W2CumbDaLcrkMx3G6/gJBRIMJkx+3QjabRbFY9LWgYvc7IiKivcN13cAZ21588UVEo1F8+9vf1pVMCwsLQKuSp1qt4q677gKMZ5lqtaorqxYWFvT6Qlox/exnP/OFo/XeJ+MvNZtNfPzxx4Gz2y0tLeHIkSN2MNGusu0rmGAN7uo4TltttExnbVZGyXhHolqt6i4UYdhd08JUXsn04zAGmzbZNez23xQsnU7reC0UCvr6l0ol/YvBlStXfN+x/yaijREmP262UqmEQqGAsbExPQ6UfJLJpL06ERER7ULPPfdc4KDZsVgMH374IQ4cOIBDhw7p8Zii0Sj279+Pu+66C6Ojo5iamkKhUNDLX3jhBQDAH//4x7ZWSolEAtFoNLCHSiwWw7lz5/CVr3wFX/nKVwAAv/nNb3zr1Go1wGqQQLQr2dPKbWfm1NTmJ5PJ2KsqZUylLVNSynTXMKa8NsPsqSvNZfZU2PKxp8TO5XJtU1kKewruXC7n+1umtOy1j93APkc7HoLItObyMa+7HZf23yog/mFMmU6ddYrzncK+7oOcwyDf3W265Uc7n5nlqupQ7gaVffY+pGy1r6n94XUiIiLaGxzHUfPz83bwhlteXh7o+WJ2drbteYhoN4ooGciCiChAvV7XLVYymUzgQM7b3UacQ6lUwtjY2K6azXEny+fzvokSTK7rYnFx0Q4mIiKiXaZWq+EHP/gBbty4YS/aUNlsFuPj4xgdHbUX9dRsNpFMJnHp0qW2IVSIdpsd0UWOiOhOksol2h6kcskcf0k+QWMeEBER0e40OjqKn/70p6GGM+lXNptFMpnE9PQ0VldX11W5BABvvvkm3n77bVYu0Z7ACiaiXSyZTOqxaaR/uYSZ4+VUq1XfODb2OGed5PN53/eC2GPk2GRmxUgkgnq9HjiGzsjIiF4n7AOE+Z3Lly/bi326HWM2m/VVLkWMuDTD5LNV4xDtZTdv3gRa6dZUr9dRLpcDx8AjIiKi3SmdTmN8fBylUsleNJDV1VU9hu+vfvUre3Eoc3NzOH78+Lorp4h2HLvPHBHtLjKOjeM4KpPJ6LHJpB+5jGcjf8tyGXfM87zAsW1kPRnHSvYjZEwdWS7j7phjlNnrOI7TNoaZ7Ntcv1cfeDkW2a45Hpv5XXv/nY7RHDPIJHFjjw20G8dN227Ma2p+7hT7OPjhhx9++OGHH3744WevfdiCiWiP8DwPhw8f1uMPPfDAAwCgW+fIrBYS3m0K+mq1ikKhALR+NUKrxRBa3clgfF9ak0izYHNWyGvXrgEALly4AABYWVnxtQ6S1kqZTAYAcN999wGt2cs6KZVKeh8HDhwAWtPVBglzjIlEQv/fJsd34sQJAMD9998PADh37pxvPdp4MzMzbd3j7uT4WPZx8MMPP/zwww8//PDDz177sIKJaA+RyiClFCYmJnxdjA4dOoRIJKIHTr5y5YpeZpOKIRjdw6QJ8UcffQQAOHz4MGBUPAU5ePAgAKBcLiPS6ppnDs4sx1AoFBCJRPRA3QjoHiVk/zAqjDoJc4zdyDlPTk4iEong0KFDQKuCql6vW2sTERERERHtXqxgItojzMoZ8dlnn+n/F4tFX+3zysqKb12TjIGDVmWK+T1pIZVOp/XfkUjE1+pIKl8SiQSKxaIOP3TokG+MJWlJ5LpuW+14p5ZF/VTshDnGTszlmUym7fh6VW4RERERERHtJqxgIiIAwK1bt+ygUD7//HM7SEsmk3AcB8ViUXdzs0klj1SAFQqFttZJ3Sq7BhXmGHvpVRlFRERERES027GCiWgPkzGK0Oe4QdK1DF3GaspmsyiXy3AcR3fNs5VKJV2ZtLKyglwuBxgtq2TKec/z2iqdOnnsscf0/3tV/IQ5xk5isZiuFCuXyz33RUREREREtJuxgoloD4vFYrrVjud5yOfzQKtiJplMWmv/r3Q6HdjiqFQq6W3YYzjZf4tDhw7p7+/btw8wKr7M6eafe+45/f9kMtmxQmdiYkL///LlywCAs2fP6rBCodD3Mdrd3aQb3+nTp9vCMMCYTlttYWEBCwsLdvCeMz093TE9ERERERFRSPZUy0S0e7iu2zZ1ZBB7ynfHcfQy+/u5XE4vcxzHtyyTyehluVyu7Xv2cRSLRVWpVHzHWalU9DaUUqpSqbQdg72OzfO8wH2bx6dCHqPoFF4sFn3LACjP83zrbEeZTKZnPNqKxaIdtG1UKhWVSqVUNBptu0Yq4FpHo1HVaDSUUko1Gg2VSqXU8vKy/bUdLSj/S/6VvKestG3nEZuZ3lVA/pQ0YpYNrut2/D6FY5e1QXFrL7PLoV7XNoh9b9hu7OML+mzncms95JzNa09ERLRdbL+nBSIi2lS5XM5XURiG53nb9oUmk8moaDSqcrlcYCWRHLucdy6XU/Pz8751Go2Gchyn7aV8JzIr0+xKBXOZVDCZFbL2+jbz+8KsNDJf5iXMTDdB36dw7IrzIMViMTBv53I53w8H/TArKrcrswIuKF0joMJtp5LrsV3LYyIi2tvYRY6IaA+p1+uYnJzE8ePH7UUdNZtNpFIpO3hbSCaTuHHjBpaWljAxMYHR0VF7FZw9exa5XA4TExP6c/ToUd86w8PDOHHihK+r406Uz+cxOTkJAMjlcnpWRzExMYF/1P2sj3x/vdsY9PvU3f3336+7GgszTewlsVhMz0SKDjOp7kSLi4tQSmFxcdFeREREdMexgomIaA85e/YsXNfF8PCwL7zZbCKZTCISiWBoaAjJZFKPjZVMJrG0tIRyuYxIJKLH56rVakin04hEIohEIti/fz9qtVrbdrPZrF7H/JiVObVazbf/6elp33aC5PN5XL9+HYuLi23jZIl6vY5CoYCnnnoK2Wy262DxruuiXC63ncNOIZWHaL1Mm+OR2WRA/SDm9SqVSjo8n8/7rl+/41YFfb9er/vC8vk8RkZG9N9B18tcbn/6PabdLplM6jTheR4iRv5FK82Y8ddr/LhqtarX7TZO33YRi8X0ZBFopUEAbelGyiIz7VerVV0mSdyYabhTZbS9bZOdB8z4lL/tbZh5wD4ek30td8L1ISKiXchu0kRERLtTo9FQsMbREqlUSk1NTSnV6loSj8d9YzS5rtvWJcNxHJVKpVSj0VCe5ynHcVQ8HvetE4/HVTweV41GQzUaDRWPxxUAX1e25eVl5TiO3t/s7GzH4xTS/SWVSqlUKqW7wWQyGT22kmqNETQ1NaX3C0CfZxDZxk5kjkfTzznYXYmkm5X8bTL3IV2O+ukiF/R9exwnz/N865kkTNLGXuouZF+nIJVKxXcNKpWK7j5md5GT6yb5Ttaz49LsIue6ru84tsv4RkFd5ISZliUOzHOwz9cen87cdi6X86VXO67NMIk3O97NtC3LzDhG69p2+n7Q9ZR929vrpxwgIiLaCGzBRES0R3zyyScAgHvuucdehL///e/4t3/7N6D1q/+lS5fsVdqsrq7i0UcfxfDwMGKxGFKpFJaWlvTyarWKpaUl/PSnP8Xw8DCGh4fxi1/8AgBQLpf1eq+99hpOnz6NRCIBABgfH0c8Hsfrr7+u17F98MEHQKulzpkzZ6CUwuzsLAqFAp5//nm9XiKRwKuvvoobN27A8zy4roszZ85gbm7O2Nr/chwHN27csIN3BHMWxAceeMC3LKxMJoN0Ou0LC2pFtFlyuVxbazRplWS2pjp48CAA4LHHHgNa6Ymtl9pJngpy4cIFwJgNU1rErKys+NYz2d2yPvroI9/f25HZZVC6zMViMd2Kr1wu+9LWAw88EBhvQa0Cb926pf9/8eJFwJj9VNKx2U3PJnnWTPPmMZp/dyOzrJ44ccL3NxER0VZjBRMR0R5x7do1AMDXvvY1exGefPJJZLNZ5PN5NJtNxGKxwJcs0+rqKsbHx1GtVpHNZnHmzBnf8rvuuguwXsKE+dJ36dIljI2N+bp3LC0tYW1trWOlwYcffggA+O53v6tfxMbHx+G6Li5duhT4vVgshsXFRcTjcfzXf/2XvRhovWSblWREu5VUztkVenuFWVkklW2lUklXXvbr8OHDgFFRt5GCyjNRr9fbKqHS6TSUUm1jsBEREW02VjARERHGx8fxu9/9DlevXsWDDz6oxyrppl6vI5lM4sc//jEOHz7cNq7P6OgoMpkMzp07p1+QLl68iGg0iscff9y3bqVS0YM/m59OL79///vfgdY+TPLS/Pnnn/vCTf/5n//Z9kK2G5gvtjdv3vQt2w3MllVSWXr16lWgNX5Wp7RCwWTA9WeeeQaRSES3KtyNeUPYA32brZiq1So++uijnhXrnZiVOpFIBIVCQS/rVkE0qG5lHRER0VZjBRMREQGt7jSLi4t455138Prrr3cdaLvZbCIejyMWi+HGjRtt3arEK6+8gng8jiNHjiDSGoT5ww8/bBtk/A9/+IPvbwBYWFiwg7SHH34Y6NJ9S1pPBbn77rsRjUbt4B3P7BZjdpfbTZRScF0Xk5OTulIkl8u1dd3aqz777DPcf//9dnBHIyMjOHToECqVim8w7N3E7MYnXcjEsWPH9P9Pnz697q6lIplMwnEcFItFZDIZe/GmuO+++/T/d2PFMhER7SysYCIi2iOk64e0/jCZLZaOHj2Kl156qa3Lm+mTTz7B2toannnmGXuRz7PPPosf/ehHWFlZ0VNr262OUqkUCoVC2+xtv//9731/m775zW8CARVTt2/fhuM4bfsw/fWvf8VLL71kBwOtijO7lcNOkU6ndSWB53m+cWVsnWbA2u5KpRJisZivlZs9Ls5uFYvFfGkzqFXMRx995Ktw6CaZTOpxydbbamcnMFsS2WklFovpiqByueyrcOpXNptFuVyG4zgdK9w3g5kuzHMlIiK6E1jBRES0R8hL5O3bt+1FuHr1qh5/qdls4uOPP/a1aLj33ntx/fp1NJtNLCws6BZCMrBttVrV3ZUWFhZ066NyuYznnnsOyWQSyWRSj/Nktjw6efIk1tbW8I1vfEMvHxkZ6Vp5lUgkkMlkcObMGV2RUq1WUSgU9HgqADA0NITp6Wn9Mj43N4dbt261vWiKpaUlHDlyxA7eMRYXF/XL5tjYWFtXR5nKvFvcblf1eh1jY2MoFAq+8brksxfIgNwIqCTMZrN44IEH2roKml0n6/W6ThPmQPtBf+8GZrro1PVP8kImk2mLu37YrQbtvzdTULqo1+ubMh4UERFRV/a0ckREtHtlMpm2abkl3JyOO5VKqUajoZcvLy+raDSqHMdRy8vLSimlpqam9NTYlUpFzc/PKwBqamrKt914PO6bgls+5lTglUpFr+c4jpqfn9fLusnlcioajSoAKh6Pt01RLscoy7tNq768vNx2XDuZHd8St7agdewwz/N8073Lx5yy3Qyzt5HJZAK/b04XLx/7u2g9qgSta39vL+gUD53Strm+GUeZTMb3ffP6yHr2OkHXJpfLGXvbWvbxBX3C5GfXdQPXc1235/lLvNvp2/47aB208kaYsKDjMcvyYrHoW7aT80OnNC7XyDzvoGtifzzPM7b+D/Y68ulUVnXbFhER/a+I+kchS0REe0C9XofjOGg0Gm3jIG20ZrOJN998E6+++mpb+Pnz54GALit30tzcHN577z2O57ONVatVHDp0yA7W+EhD65HNZjnj2jYxMjKiW5t5nudrVZZMJnVLOzOvy31NyLJSqYSxsTGgNcD7ysqKXgdWeRK03NxfsVjc0q6PREQ7FbvIERHtIbFYDLOzs3jzzTftRRvu2WefxT333GMHY3h4GF//+texb98+e9Ed02w28fbbb/MlcxuTl8GgGQftGQyJusnn84hEIiiVSqjX6wMP7k0bo1vlElpdgPvJ6+l0GsViEWhtL5lM2qsQEdEGYwUTEdEeMz4+jrW1ta6DQG+EZrOJ119/HXNzc3rMpWq1ilKphD/+8Y/b6tfgN998E2+//XbbCw1tH5999hnQYZD6c+fO9fXiSXubzLZ269YtnD17dqDBvWlj5PN5XbnUbTysiYmJvmY8NO8z5XK548yjRES0MVjBRES0B83MzODuu+/e1IftxcVFZDIZ/Nd//RcOHTqESCSiB6O1u83dSXNzczh+/HjXmefozpPWCJOTk20DfF+4cGFbdbek7U0G9p6cnMThw4c7VmbQ1jl37pz+/+HDh33LbP12YzYrpGRiCiIi2hwcg4mIiIiIiO4IewylSqWiZz0Nw/6+/WqTzWZRKBSAVmWTVFD1GtPN1GkMpnw+j6tXr3as9LJnuAzq+kdEtJuwBRMREREREe1ZjuO0je3WqytevV7H5OSkHazZLYRd12XlEhHteqxgIiIiIiKiO8KudJHx1sTIyEhbt9hIJIJ8Pu9bLwx7X4PIZrN2kM/Fixd9FVadWjkREe0mrGAiIiIiIqI7JpPJ6P9/9NFHvmUrKyt6AHChlAo97tqVK1f0/2X8rUGVSiU899xzdrBPoVDQlWGbPakGEdF2wQomIiIiIiK6Y2ZmZvT/ZbykjVCtVnXllOu6fY3t1Em9XsdHH32EAwcO2Is0u3vc2NgYksmkL4yIaDdiBRMRERHdEQsLC1hYWLCDN9Xc3Fzby99O02w2MTc3h3q9bi/aNPV6Hfl8Hs1m0160LczNzaFWq9nBd0S1WkUkErkj6Wwnp29zcG57cOz1MAfxdhxnw7qonT171lchFuS+++7TXeOkgqtcLm9pniUiuhNYwURERLRNdBprJJlMolQqtYXLZye+UGazWdx99904evSoL7zZbCKfz2P//v36/Pbv349SqaSXofUCan9kmbzg2x8AGB8fxx/+8Icd22WlVqvh+eefx/j4eNt4MvV6Hdls1peO0uk0qtUqFhYWUK1Wkc/n2+JF4kYErROLxXDs2DE8++yz26qSqdlsIplM4tixYxgdHW07bvmMjIwgm81uyrFvp7S009O3WSFjXj+ZJc7zPF9F1MjIiG8GORjfk8olpRRWVlba1jFnkPM8D5FIBNlsVqf/crmsl4+NjSESieD//J//o7u+yX7L5XLbeFBm3ozFYvqY7TxLRLTrKCIiIto2PM9TAPTHlslk9LJcLmcv3hFyuVzgsS8vL6toNKri8bian5/X4Z7nqVwu13bOxWJRAVDxeFw1Gg0dLlKpVNt3hOu6vn3sBI1GQzmOE3iuEhepVEotLy/r8OXlZR0PlUpFqdZ24vG4AqBmZ2eNrfwvWceOu0qlouLxuC/sTnJdV5+XkLhwXVep1rlI+umUVtarWCy2xdF2sBPT904jZbWkM0ljxWJRp0FJG5VKRRWLRWsLRES7D1swERER0ZaRqb2PHz/uC6/Vanj00Ud1VxazZVMsFsPExASKxSJu3rypw++//34AwPDwMIaHh3W4eOihhwAABw8etBfh1KlT+N73vrcpLVo2y8svv4xUKtV2rqVSCWNjY8hkMiiVShgdHdXLRkdHUSqVkMlk9Oxcw8PDePrppwEAX/va1/S6JolTO+4SiQSGh4fbWmzcCdKqzR5XR9KFGB4exsTEBFzXxdLSEi5fvuxbvl61Wq3nTGJ3yk5M37tJOp0GAExOTiISieD06dM6jIhoN2MFExER0S6SzWZ9XUvMrjL1et23LJ/Pt3W9k+52djezUqnkCxPydzKZ1F2wujl79ixc122rJJmcnMTa2hr+8z//s22ZSKfTeOCBB+zgdZFKiY2qbNhs9XodhUIB3/zmN33hzWZTV3K88sorvmWmV155Bbdv37aD1+XJJ5/E66+/bgdvuVOnTumKsjAee+wxAMB7772nw5rNJqanpzE0NIRIqzumOS5YvV7Xy6U73tDQEH7729/i0Ucfxdramq5EyOfzqNfrmJubw8jISFvX1Wq1qrt+Dg0NtXXZq1aryGazSCaT+rpGWt37zPGl5DhkO5L3TDstfe9E0vVNxnaamJiAUkpXJMkYTOY6RES7HSuYiIiIdolkMolCoYBisQilFDKZDMbGxnSlTywWQ6VS8X0nnU4jl8v5wtB6QS0Wi/rvW7du4fTp03rcERnvB60XqVOnTvnGNAnSbDZRKBT0i76o1+t6vBN7TCZb2KnJwzhw4AD+67/+yw7els6fPw8YFQfigw8+wNraWmClnWl4eBjj4+N28Lp87Wtfw9ra2h0d52dhYQGe57W1sOpGWr+Z6S+ZTGJtbQ2ffvopGo0G9u/fjyeeeEKf25dffgnP87C2tobz58/jhRdegOM4+P/+v/8Pq6urAIBcLgelFCYmJvDll1/i9u3behwhsbCwgG9/+9v4xS9+AaUUfve736FUKunKJHHlyhU0m028/PLL+Na3voX5+Xl4nofXXntNr/P888/j4YcfhlIKS0tLHVsp7aT0TUREuwMrmIiIiLYxsxVRJBLpOIV3tVrVlTQyffbhw4eBVuugQWcvOnfuHBYXF3HixAmgVVl15coVoNVVKZFItFVe2T755BMAwD333OML//zzz4HWNOLrUS6X2+IpEolgcnLSXtUnFovB87yOL+jbyZ///GdEo1E7GLdu3QKsSpPNdt999wEA/ud//sdetGX+8pe/AADuuusue5FmXte5uTkUCgVEo1EcO3YMaKXbpaUlvPLKK7pL4CuvvALHcXTl6ejoqO5qeezYMRw9ehQ3btzoWBE6OjoaWOn1wgsvIJPJ6ArCRCKB1157zddlL5FIYGRkBAAwMzODo0eP4ujRo3BdF3//+9/1tv7+97/j3/7t34BWGr506ZJeZtpJ6ZuIiHYHVjARERFtY2Y3C2mVFOTixYv6/zJTkTkWzfXr1/X/10MqlqQbCAAcOXIEaM2wNDIygkQi0bWF0bVr14Au4/6sl+u6bfGklApsmWWS7nZS8bWdlctlXXF4p0n6+vOf/2wv2jJXr14FWhU6nXiep2fU++EPf4hUKoUPP/xQH/+FCxfgOI6v5dfw8DBSqRTW1tbaup2tdwawarUKz/N0pZCQii6zyx5ax2AzZzR78skn9WxnzWYTsVisrWUbdlj6JiKi3YEVTERERHuAtHRZr3379tlBmJmZ0a2OZJpv+6U8DGmFMmgl2F4krcE+/vhje9Ged+DAAaysrOgKR3sAdAC6m5vJbmG3UewxsIIqksIYHx/H7373O1y9ehUPPvhgz3HPiIiItgormIiIiPaAoAqijbC4uOjrGvfcc8/5locxOjoKx3ECW41Qd48//jhgjN3Try+++MIO8pHucLvV2tpax3jr1v1uPTpV8t577712UE+JRAKLi4t455138Prrr2N6etpehYiIaMuxgomIiGgXkPGW0Bo0G4Celh7GuEwbScapSSQSUErBcZy2wY1NMjaNdJUzvfXWWwCAH//4xx1f+GXGr40iLUp2QiWK67q+blIiFothamoKa2trePnll+3FWq1Ww9zcnP7761//OgDgj3/8o7HW/6rX67h+/XpgtzC5PkHLtoqMOTVIheSTTz4JGAOoi9u3b8NxnLbWTuuVSCQQjUZRKBR8aVv+/53vfMdYuzezxdLRo0fx0ksv4cyZM751sMPSNxER7Q6sYCIiItoF0um07q4mXc0++ugjoDXLlVQGBI3V0msw7E7q9boelBgARkZGug7ULfu2uwqh9aJcLBaxtLSERx55BKVSSb+AN5tNlEolPP/88/jJT36ivyMVaCsrK4GVUtJtLKhCC60xhBzHuaMVJWFJhUrQeb766qvIZDIoFApIJpNYWFjQy+r1OvL5PH7729/6ZpE7evQo4vE4zpw5o8fygRHX8XgcMzMzen2TjOljVmpuNamsDGqBJemi2WwGxpc4duwY4vE4Xn/9dV1RVa1WUSgUdIUnjHRkVtCJaDSqx4OSeP/rX//q+xet7qRSCSjH9fLLLyMej+tp7ZvNJlZWVnD9+vXAiij59+rVq/qaNZtNfPzxx4H5bielbyIi2iUUERERbQuO4ygAbR/XdVWxWGwLl0+lUtHbyGQyvmXFYtG3D6VU27ZyuZzvb8/zVKVSadtPLpfzbSeTySjP8/Ryx3F8y4NkMhnluq4drFUqFZXJZFQ0GtXbjcfjKpfLqUajodezj808vqBjR8AjTzQabTun7Uri2bzWtmKxqFKplO+cJe0EaTQaKpfLqXg8rtePRqMqlUp13c/s7KyKRqO+63EnOI7Tdv3sa26miyCNRsOXZ+LxuO/cXdftui3JS67r6vjstP78/LzO49FoVE1NTXVN00HpWPKHWVakUqnAa7GT0jcREe0OESVTwRARERFtsnq9Dsdx0Gg01j3I8Uao1Wp49NFH8emnn97R4+hHNptFNBrFq6++ai/aUul0Gg899FDXGQO3QqlUwhtvvIEbN27Yi/a8nZi+iYho52MXOSIiItoysVgMs7OzePPNN+1FW+q1117DO++8s6Nevl955RVcuXJFj7F1J9RqNXied8crl9Cq6HIcx9clkP5hJ6ZvIiLa+VjBRERERFtqfHwca2trKJVK9qItUSqV8J3vfAdHjx61F21rw8PDePvtt5HNZruOLbRZms0m5ubmsLi4aC+6Y371q1/hrbfeQq1WsxftWTs1fRMR0c7HLnJERER0RywsLODuu+8OHHh8s9yJfW60ZrOJy5cv49ixY1vWQkVmlXv88ce3bJ/9mJubw+OPP77nB7TeDembiIh2rg2vYIpEInYQERERERERERHtYhtewURERERERERERHsLx2AiIiIiIiIiIqKBsIKJiIiIiIiIiIgGwgomIiIiIiIiIiIaCCuYiIiIiIiIiIhoIKxgIiIiIiIiIiKigbCCiYiIiIiIiIiIBsIKJiIiIiIiIiIiGggrmIiIiIiIiIiIaCCsYCIiIiIiIiIiooGwgomIiIiIiIiIiAbCCiYiIiIiIiIiIhoIK5iIiIiIiIiIiGggrGAiItpApVIJyWTSDqZtqlqtYmRkxA4mIiIiIqI+sYKJiALVajVks1kMDQ3Zi8hSKpVQrVZRrVYxNjZmL6aWfD6PoaEhNJtNAECz2USpVML+/fuRz+ft1TeNXK96vY5Dhw7Zi4mIiIiIaB1YwUQdVatV7N+/H5FIBJFIBNlsFvV63V4NzWYT6XQakUgEQ0NDmJubs1dBvV7X60QiESSTSVSrVXs1AMD09DSGhoYQiUQwPT2tX0bDmJubw8jIiD6WfD4f+P1arabPbWRkJPBYwm4LrbjKZrNb+pIcJJlM6jju9AnbuubLL7/EjRs3sLa2Zi/aVXpdOzvtZrPZtnRw6tQpAEAikUCxWPQt2yn279/fdl5b4e6778bS0pId3KbZbPrKhpGREZRKJXs1oLWurCcf8/rK9YrFYqhUKsY39yZpdRdUDnYTpqzO5/O6HB0ZGcHCwoJvebPZbCuj5LMXW5bV63VMT08jnU7bizqy80YymUStVrNXA/q4ZrKO3PvCCrP9naTZbCKfz+vnBTMuwtwbOllYWNDb7DeOd5uwaX495VQ/8dzP9uUe0217pkHyFG2sMNc5bDlmP3OHfb6mnWt6etp3zc2P/UwatmzblRRRgOXlZRWNRtXU1JTK5XLKdV0FQDmOoxqNhl6v0Wgox3FUJpNRjUZDfy+XywWuk8vlVCaTUQAUALW8vKzXU0qpVCql4vG48jxPNRoNFY/Hleu6vnU6mZ2dVY7jqFwup3K5nHIcRwFQqVTKt97y8rICoGZnZ5VSShWLRQVAVSoVvU7YbSmlVKVSUfPz8wqA77zvFM/zdPzaZmdnQ8enUkpNTU0Fbme36HXtGo2GymQyqlgsqkqlotNuJpPR60jakPBisahc11W5XE7nme1O8kCxWLQXbYlO8W9KpVI6XqemplQ0GvXlY9PU1JQuu+Qj5ZZ9vSqVinIcR8fBbk7vQebn53VaNcvAXsKU1VNTU3od+dtOZ1Immdcql8upeDweeG13M8/z1Pz8vHIcpy0uu5mamlKzs7OqUqmoXC6notFoYLmznmvmeZ5yHEdNTU351gsSZvs7iTzPuK6r5ufn2559et0bOpmfn1fRaFTnN7kHhfnubhM2za+nnOonnvvdfiqVCnXfUgPmKdpYYa5z2HJsfn5epVIp333Lfqeh3Ufyrnnd5ZnUFLZs26321pM0hZYzXsiE3FDNlwN5qDLXnZ2dVQD0zbRYLLYVurKOeaOXF7z5+XkdJpVBYV587Zu1VGyZx6JahUM8Hvetm0qlfA/kYbdlCvuwsRXQ5UW5n5c2uRHvdp2unf1SoZQKfNhwHEc/rEg6lu11SzPbheM4HV9Kt0Kn+Bee57WlWykb7GP2PC+wIthkXq9KpeIri8xle4XEQdjzDlNWe62KbnMd1co/0WhU56tO1z0ajW77fLNZXNdtK2M68Tyv7boF/TAQ5pqpVrzb1yTX+pGpm7Db3ykkT9jljgh7bwgSVLkg18y+lntFmDTfbznVbzyH3f7s7Kx+9rXzSpD15inaHN2ucz/lmOu6bWUA7W7z8/Nt77PKKBOChCnbdiN2kaNAExMTGB4e9oX96Ec/AgDcvn1bh5VKJbiu61v33//93wEAly9fBgCk02mMjo7q5QAwPj4OAFhdXdVh77//PgDg6NGjOmx0dBTRaBQXLlzQYZ28+uqrvr+Hh4dx4sQJoNXdC62ucZ7n4emnn/at++ijj8LzPN1kNsy2diqJe7SaeWezWd28M51OBzYFbjabuimw3aVQuphJt4yRkRHdJUY+wmxObDKbsdvH0Ww2dXfFarWqm6fa+zCbnAftez2OHj3alg/W1tbw5JNP+sJsrutiYmJC//3555/7lm8nCwsLOHLkCF566SV4ntfWxBfGWEnJZBL5fB6lUknHv9ktpNO1mpubQ61W083O+xWLxXzpFq2ywXVdXxkCAGfPnsWlS5eQTCYxNzcXmJ5tjuNgZmZG//3ZZ5/5lpNfmLL6gw8+AFpdIE1PP/001tbW8MknnwCte41tYWEBjuMgFovZi8gSi8WQSCR8YWtra0ilUr6wMNcMrbzw7rvv+vLNzZs38fDDD+u/g4Td/k7QbDbx7W9/G7lcrq3cEeu9N8gzyD333OML/+Y3vwkAuHbtmi+c1mez4rlWq6FWq+GZZ56xF3W03jxFWy9sOVYqlVAul5FMJjE9PR04fAjtPkePHm17nwWAt99+G9/61rfs4D2NFUzUt8cffxxoVSysra213SQl8129etUXHuQ73/mO/v+lS5cQj8d9ywHgwIEDKJfLdnBojuPoY5LtfP3rX/et87WvfQ0I8dBhbmunmZub81UMSaXR6OgolFKoVCq4cuUKnn32Wd/3AODNN9/ECy+8gGKxiNXVVXz729/23VCvXLmCZrOJcrmMn/3sZ4hGo/A8r+0lZ3FxsS2sXq/jiSeewNNPP62P49KlS3jzzTeBVoXm7du34XkeLl68iP/4j/+A67o4ceIEcrkcAGBqasr3otpoNPQxbJSFhQUkk0mkUqmOLx070VtvvYUXX3wRx48fRzQa1eMTmaRSuVwu4+rVq7h16xYuXLiAVCqFQqGAl19+Wa8XdK1u376NL7/8Ep7nbfiYXnbf9gceeACpVArXr1/HD3/4QzzyyCMdx6Oh9QlTVps/RJgOHjwI9Chrf//73+OnP/2pHUw9yMQM9Xodv/rVr3zLwlwzAPjFL36BpaUl/YOBjKlo/+hiC7v9neDll1/W5VS38cNEP/eGTj9QSSVhmOcm6m2z4vm1117DK6+8Ygd3td48RVuvn3Isk8lgbW0NZ86cQTweD/xxjna/er2OtbU1X6UksYKJ+nDt2jVMTU21/aps/0IURrVaRTweb3s5tH8RHNTVq1fx1ltv2cFtv6qH0Wlb25nZkueHP/yhb9nly5exf/9+/UCcSCSQyWRQLpfbXshfffVVHD16FOl0Gr/73e+wtraGs2fP6u+NjIxgbW0NExMTGB8fx40bNxCLxfDQQw/5tgOgLUweBF3XBVrbi8fj+POf/wy0fqGXl9LDhw/j6NGjWFxcxMTEBCYmJuC6Li5dumRs8R+tJzKZTFtaXa98Po8nnngC5XIZly5d6jo45E5SrVYRi8UQi8UwPDzcsRVTLBbTefXhhx/GxMQEEomEbsFYKBRQr9e7XqtEItF27QfRbDaxsrKCF1980Rc+MTGBUqmE1dVVzM7OYnV1FU899VSolkwUXq+yet++fUBARZK0Dut035DWcvJDBoVTrVbxjW98A4VCAdevX9ctiE29rhla5W+lUoHnefjGN76BWq3ma93XTZjt7wSlUgmO4+DrX/86VlZW4HkeotEonnjiibZ7Y7/3hvvuuw8IqOCQH2zuvfdeXzitz2bE8/T0NH70ox/1nc4HyVO09cJc33Q6jZmZGaysrKBSqWBoaAhjY2Nt5QPtfpcvX2774ZxYwUQhNZtNXL16FT/5yU/sRevyy1/+Em+//bYdvKHk5XkjapU3cltbqTXOGpRSyGQyvmXvvfceCoWCrxLqzJkzAKC7rwRJJBJwHKetSfB6Z3ySFlSjo6O6G1anWcXuv/9+OwinTp1qqxS5cOECjh8/7ltvEBMTE2g0GsjlcoEtuEZGRnDo0CFEIhGMjY2hXC4jm83qODl06FBbfG0Hp0+f9lXQSCumN954w7eeya4YkC4hdjfAoGu1kc6fP4/Tp093rUQcHx/HO++8A8/zdJctGNdL/vU8D8lkEslkEp7nYWxsrOeLInX3+OOPw3EcvP766zoua7Wa7mYgXaltH3zwAY4cORLqIZ/+VyKRgFIKxWIRQ0ND+OEPf9ixxU0vn332GTKZjK487md2tJ2uVqthbW0N8Xhc3+9jsRh+8YtfAK2WwKZe9wZbLBZDKpVCuVzW26rX6zh//jzQ6q5Pg9voeF5YWMA999zT1h01rL2cp3a7RCKBK1euIBqNtpUPtPudO3cO3/3ud+3gPY8VTBTK+fPn8Zvf/GZDHvpLpRJOnjy5rq5m+XzeVyESiUQCXwSbzSauXbu2Ib8SbeS27qSgMQNyuZyvEko+dssy23orkzqpVqsYGRnB+++/j1OnTunWTGEkEgm4rqu7dlWrVdx7771dKx7WY3h4GBMTE5iZmcHa2pqvwmJxcbEtDuXXLfl7o49nUNVqFeVyGY7j6Lz0la98BWtra1haWgrMV0Gke+lWqtVq2LdvX890ilaf+Xg8jlu3bukwuV7m9VlcXPRdx/W+SNA/DA8P47//+79x4MABXZlXLpexsrLStavx+++/7+s6Tf1Jp9O4cuUKAODXv/61vbinUqmE999/H6+++ioWFxeRy+VQKBTw/PPP26vuStKi1m5tKeVBUOVRt3tDkF/96lfIZDL44Q9/iKGhIZw9e1Z352bLvY2zUfHcbDbx1ltvBY4XF8Zez1N7QSwWQyaTCSwfaPeSFmudnmf2MlYwUU9zc3M4fvx4W+VSIpFANBpta4IsL6aPPfaYLxytX4G++tWvBmZG+bXJVi6XdYXDwYMHkcvlfB9pCi2azSYuX74c+DAg27G7bcjf0r1HdNvWTpNIJNpemt99913f32idc6/KhWazua4m5kGq1SoOHTqE06dPo1QqtR1jGGYrposXL+L73/++vcqGkUoNuyXPTnP69GlUKpW2irFKpaKXh/HFF1/YQZuqVqvhb3/7W6jKJTE8PLzjr9d2EqasRuuhy6zMO3jwIDzP69jVuNls4sqVK31dW2oXi8Xguq5vQP2w1yybzfrKz4mJCczOzuLSpUtdW1yE3f5299WvfhUI6Folut33wt4bhoeHMTMzA6UUVldX8corr+DKlSuBQxDQ+m1UPJ8/fx7lctn3w+ahQ4cAAJOTk4j0mExkvXmKtt4g5dg999zTtXyg3ee3v/0tfvazn9nBxAom6mVubg7Hjh1rq1wS6XQa169f990kpbLm2LFjxpr/qFz653/+58DKJRgDfpuVG/L/5557DmhVksjYO/IxHxSkQqjTQJujo6NwHKft4fHq1atwHMdXudFrWzvdk08+iaWlpbbxdt588039kB2kXq9jaWmpr1YGZvqwB/+V9DLIS6XZiunKlSub2pVRzuXAgQP2oh1D8lVQZZ7EZblc7lnRiNaAzHbe2SxSudTP9W02m2g2m23lEa1fmLLaVqvV8O1vfxtTU1Mdr9/ly5cHKgfofzWbTRw+fFj/Hfaara2ttVUaSytFu+w2hd3+djc8PKzLP/O+Jf/vdt9bz72h2Zpsw3EcDvq8iQaJ52PHjqFSqfg+s7OzQGugZ/lRppP15inaeoOUYx9//LGebZv2hkKh0FdryD1FEQVoNBoqk8moqakplcvlfB/XdVWj0dDrRaNRlclklFJKVSoVFY1GVS6X821vdnZWpVKptm2lUilVqVT0eq7rqng8rhqNhvI8T8XjceW6rm9bnXiep1zXbdvH1NSUPj7VOkYAqlgsKtU6NgC+4wi7LXN9AKGPdTPJsQBQnufZi7VGo6Ecx9HHLdfWvHa5XE4BULOzs75rYsaBuZ3l5WUdrpRSxWJRAVCZTEZVKhU1NTWlUqmUjn/P83T8y/UoFovKcRwVj8fV7Oysb51UKuXbvkmu6+zsrL2oq27XTtLo/Py8Xjcej+tj3YmCrqFtampKAVDxeNyXhgCoaDSq84rEucSPMvJT0LWSa2+mk+Xl5Y7rmyqVSmCezGQy+prPzs4qx3F81yuVSrWlS/KTfGrmfTE/P6+i0Whb/ghbVlcqFZXJZELlzXg87iuH96JGo6Hi8biKRqP6Pis8z1OO4yjHcXS+nJ+fV67rqmKxqBqNhr53B+XvMNcslUr58rjkIXM9ue/b3w2z/Z1geXlZRaNRfS4Sp+a5hL03SBlp563l5WWVy+X085N9rfeSbmne1K2ckmcVe1k/8dxt+7ZO19V13bbzCJOnaOv0us69yjEpH+S5uNFoqKmpqba8T7ub3Hu7CVu27UasYKJA8XhcoVVJYX+mpqZ86y4vLyvXdRUA5ThO20uEvKwGfeLxuG9deZBD60V2amoqVKb0PE9Fo9G27cvHfAFWrYJBKkXsl5p+tyUPNubnTr0kyXUwP90KQHnQQSu+7Ruu3DglroKur70/+9xl+47j6Ic9eSFSrX3IcbuuqzzPU1NTUyoajapisdgWv93Op99C3N62ffzFYlGnhWg02lYhuhP1isugNCTnLN8x04OZH+z4NLdvb7dSqeiHdPMTZH5+vm098yPXfHl5WR+bvFCYFWTUzr4u9jWQuHccx5f2e5XVcm0dxwl1HaTyZC8Lyg9mmSz3JsdxdLiZ5tHKc51edHpdM1lHyt9O6zVaPyrYlcJhtr9TmM81QecS9t5Qaf3oZt43e31nL+mV5kWvckrSbDQa1WH9xHOv7dvkuO1jTaVSynGctvzSK0/R1ghznXuVYw3jmRWtH8d6pS/afTKZTMd7reqjbNutIuofhTAR0Y5Wq9UwNze34wdj384ikQhyudyuGJOM+pPP5+G6bscuzrR1qtUq/vrXv+7a7ttE65VOp9u6/RMR0dbiGExEtCvMzc3xhYtoEzSbTdy8eZOVS9vExYsXOaYYkaVWq7XN/kdERFuPFUxEtGNls1kkk0lMT09jdXWVL8CbSAa6vHnzpr2IdrFarYbLly/jlVdesRfRFqvX65ibm8OLL77YceINor1oYWEBn3zyCVvXEhFtA+wiR0Q7VjqdxqVLlzA1NYWf/OQnfOnaJPl8HpOTk74w3jqIiIiIiMjECiYiIiIiIiIiIhoIu8gREREREREREdFAWMFEREREREREREQDYQUTERERERERERENhBVMREREREREREQ0EFYwERERERERERHRQFjBREREREREREREA2EFExERERERERERDYQVTERERERERERENBBWMBERERERERER0UBYwURERERERERERANhBRMREREREREREQ2EFUxERERERERERDQQVjAREREREREREdFAdk0FUzKZRDKZtIM7qtVqmJ6extDQkL1oXRYWFpBOp9uOIZ/PY2hoCM1m0xdORERERERERLRbbMsKpmq1ikgkEvjZv38/8vm8/ZV18TwPa2trdvC63H333VhaWrKDiYiIiIiIiIh2vW1ZwZRIJKCUQiaTAQDkcjkopeB5HhzHweTkJLLZrO87i4uLWFxc9IV1Mzo6ioceesgOXrdEIoGRkRE7GBMTE1hdXcXw8LC9iIiIiIiIiIhoV9iWFUzigQce8P0di8Xwq1/9CtFoFIVCAbVazbeciIiIiIiIiIi23rauYAoyPDyMAwcOAADK5TLQGv8om822jX/UbDaRzWYxNDSESCSCZDLZsVJKxkoaGhrCwsKCb1mz2dTjNUk3PXudIEHjPFWrVX2scnyRSAQjIyNtx2Yuj0QiSKfTHMuJiIiIiIiIiLadHVfBBAArKysAgIMHD6LZbOLuu+/GlStXfOs0m01d4fTpp5/C8zxcv34dTz31lG89AJibm8OxY8fw6aef4sCBA3jhhRd8y5PJJNbW1vDpp5+i0Whg//79eOKJJ1AqlXzr2b788svAcZ6uXLmCZrOJl19+Gd/61rcwPz8Pz/Pw2muv6XXk+EdHR6GUQqVSwZUrV/Dss8/6tkVEREREREREdKftiAqm27dvA0aLHs/zEI/HkUgkMDw8HDj+0eXLl7G2toaZmRkMDw8jFovhyJEjWF1d9a0HAMeOHUMsFsPw8DAee+wxeJ6nl5VKJSwtLeGVV17B8PAwhoeH8corr8BxnLZxoGyJRKJtnCfzWGdmZnD06FEcPXoUruvi73//u17v8uXL2L9/P8bHx/X3MpkMyuVyW0snIiIiIiIiIqI7aUdUMF26dAlDQ0P4yle+glKphEwm03NA7/fee6+t0qlUKgVWMAUNwC1d0S5cuADHcXzrDA8PI5VKYW1tDdVq1fhWeEH7lC5/aB1/oVDwzaB35swZAMAnn3xifIuIiIiIiIiI6M7aERVMJ06cwOrqKpRSWF1d1a2SNpNZiRNUKXXPPffYQRtOZs+zP+l02l6ViIiIiIiIiOiO2REVTOt1/fp1Owj1er3vVkdra2sdB9e+66677KAN8+6779pBaDabfR8/EW2MSCSCer1uB9MOVq1W21q7EhERERFR/3ZtBdNjjz2GtbU15PN5X/jZs2eRSCR8Yd08+eSTAIDz58/7wm/fvg3HcTA6OuoL3yhPPvkklpaW2gYSf/PNN/HVr37VF0a02wTNwHinyFhrrIQYnMzWKRX2zWYTpVIJ+/fvbyurN1OpVEK1WkW9XsehQ4fsxUREREREtA7buoLp5s2bvn87aTabWFlZwcrKin5xOX78OKLRKCYnJ5HNZpHP55FMJnH48GH9vY8//hho/YItZEDxL774AmgNAB6Px/H666/r9arVKgqFAt566y39vaBjgLEPGZhb1rt+/bpvPfOFC639Oo6DsbExJJNJffz33HPPpncPFNVqFfv379djQGWz2cDWG81mE+l0GpFIBENDQ5ibm7NXQb1e1+tEIhEkk8mOLbHq9Tqmp6fX1RVwbm4OIyMj+ljy+Xxg67NarabPbWRkJPBYwmyr2WzqihDZll0puN2YL/VyXXtJJpO+8cC2QtAMjP0Ik47MazwyMoKFhQXfcrPSQ2av3K3279/flr63wt13342lpSU7uKNqtarL9E5KpZK+rslksq3cOnXqFAAgFouhUqn4lu1FpVKpa5kcJEz5CKNS0VzPZt5rOq2zV4Qpt3rJ5/OB5XStVvOV5clksm3SkOnpaV9Zb37C3NvM++H09HRgmtjuFhYW2s5dPp3ul9VqFel0Wp97L2Gem/aqXvflTmq1mu85M5vNBqa/sNtvNpt63bAGzT+0+Xrd78Lcj+xn/6CylHansO+zYe63u5rahiqVigLQ9qlUKvaqSinVtp5YXl5WrusqAMpxHFUsFvUyCZdPLpcLDFNKqUajoTKZjA6Px+Ntx2IfQ6VSadte0Hl1ClNKKc/zVCqVUgBUNBrVx7MVlpeXVTQaVVNTU764cRxHNRoNvV6j0VCO46hMJqMajYb+nnms5jq5XM4Xl8vLy3o91Trn+fl55TiOcl3Xt6yX2dlZ5TiOyuVyKpfLKcdxFACVSqV86y0vLysAanZ2VimlVLFY9MW76mNbqVRKua6rcrmcmpqaUtFo1Lft7SyXy+nr4HmevVgz0+hWnpcc33qESUfFYlFNTU2pSqWiisWivsYSF2b8yHFIOpEwuxzYqSQPmGXkVoJR3nZTqVTU/Px81/VnZ2dVNBrV1yaTyahoNKrLLbnOAFQmk1GVSkXfH8xrvVfMz8/rtB42PYctH6emplQ8Htd5yvM85TiOmpqa0ussLy+rTCaj5ufn1fz8vL7X3Km0eCeFKbd6kfubnY49z1PRaNRXhudyORWNRn3lv1wfubbmva2XVCqlr3ej0VDxeHzd53EnpVIp/bxifqLRaNszizLKmFwuF7jcFua5aa/qdV/uxE7fy8vLynEcFY/Hfc+sYbffaDTU/Py8fgYPa5D8Q5uv1/0u7P1oampKzc7OqkqlossGx3F869DuE/Z91i6PVIf77W4WvtSkPSWXy/luyqr10GUXtJK5zHVnZ2d9N+xisdj20CXrZDIZX7hwXbfvB1PzpUUZBYH98CAPHaZUKuW7OYTZlud5bRUu8nC/E240uVxOxePxrtdBta6FXOegG/JmkYeAQXRLR/YDg1RcmOcoNxBhXlu5wewGjuPc0QckdKkwCtJpfc/zFIC2/BuNRn3X0XEcfZ0rrQpDWW4u2yskDsKetx2/QeWjasW7fZ1yrR8shJ0PG41Gx+u7V3Qrt7ppNBq6kscuO+WeazOv+/z8fNu9WrW+2+0eoYxK6vn5eR0m90P7Gm9nnucFHq9UWNhc1/VVooYR5rlpr7LjPui+HCSTybQ91wX9GNHv9vt5Dhkk/9DW6Xa/s9NH0P3I87y2705NTYVOJ7RzhX2fDXO/3e22dRc5unMmJibauuL96Ec/AoxuhGg1NXVd17fuv//7vwMALl++DABIp9NtY1WNj48DHWboW69XX33V9/fw8DBOnDgBAPjyyy+BVpNFz/Pw9NNP+9Z99NFH4XmebuYYZluxWEyfhxgdHYXruht6Xpvp6aefhuM4KBQKbd2I0GoqHIvF8MADD9iLgFZXDLObzPT0tF4mXT1kzJ1kMomhoSEdx81mE9lsNlQTY+lmMzQ01LE5e7/sLihffPEFHMfpOcbZlStX9P97dd/dCRYWFnDkyBG89NJL8DwvsBm/dKuU7rpmFzSzG4LZpaBareruAnNzc1syrtYHH3wAAPjmN7/pCz9y5AgKhYIvzOQ4DmZmZvTfn332mW85+YUpH9GK13fffdfXTeXmzZt4+OGH9d92PpT7i+u6vnDq7eWXX8bJkyfb7t0A8C//8i9A654t6vU6otEo7rvvPgDA0aNH2+7VAPD222/jW9/6lh3s8/777wOtbYjR0VFEo1FcuHDBWHN7i8VibWkSAH77298ilUr5wvL5PK5fv47FxUXEYjHfsm7CPDftVXbch70vl0qltnQvafHq1as6bL3bD2OQ/EPbg50+gu5HsVisbSzftbW1tvKBdp+w77Nh7re7HSuYqG+PP/440Kp8WFtb870soPVQCeum3sl3vvMdO2jDmYOxl8tlAMDXv/513zpf+9rXAADXrl3zhdvCDuxu36S2s9OnTwMBA9nLMrsSTZRKJUxOTuLChQtQSuGll17CmTNndAXQl19+qcdROn/+PF544QU4joMvvvhCVzgBwKeffgrP83D9+nU89dRT1l7+MV7CsWPH8Omnn+LAgQN44YUX7FUGUq/Xkc/n8cYbb+C///u/2x5Sd7u33noLL774oh63TsYnMslDVrlcxtWrV3Hr1i1cuHABqVQKhUIBL7/8sl7v9u3b8DwPFy9exH/8x3/AdV3cvn3blx42y3vvvQcAbS8LDz30EGCNt0cbzy4ff/GLX2BpaUlXHss4M3YFFYxKzFQqhWKxGKqcpf+1sLCA0dHRjvF29OhRuK6LsbEx5PN51Ot1ZLNZfPjhh10rR+r1OtbW1nwVR0EuXbqEeDxuB+PAgQP6vruTXbp0CcePH9d/1+t1TE5O4siRI3j++ef1OBudxv0RG/HctBf0e1/udF9xXTcw/fW7/fUKm39oewl7P6rVanp82l/96lf2YtpDzPfZ9d5vdxNWMFFo165dw9TUVFvmuOeee3x/h1GtVhGPxze9Iubq1au+wdjF3XffbQf11GlbpmZrEPcXX3zRXrRtpdNp3YrJfDCWl/FON9bbt28jGo3qX3Lk4fsvf/kL0PqevNgfO3YMR48exY0bN3D06FFcvnwZa2trmJmZwfDwMGKxGI4cORLY8uvYsWOIxWIYHh7GY489Bs/z7FUG4jgOJicnsbS0hN/+9rddXw52G2mhJvHbqRWT+av+ww8/jImJCSQSCf1LvLSAi8ViOHjwIADg8OHDOHr0KBYXF/X6kh4222a9LFBnQeVjIpFApVKB53n4xje+gVqt5mspZnr22WcxNjaGpaUlXLhwIbBFJQWr1+v49a9/3fHHAPGb3/wGmUwGk5OTiMfjyOVyHct3cfny5dC/zO/WfFetVhGNRn3PPtJa0nEcnDlzBkopzM7OolAo4Pnnnze+HWw9z017Sb/3Zcdx2ibPQWtyjmg06gvDOra/Xv3kH9o+wtyPqtUqvvGNb6BQKOD69et7vvXhXtXpfXY999vdhBVMFEqz2cTVq1fxk5/8xF60Lr/85S/x9ttv28EbSl6eN+KXo7DbOn/+PE6fPt1WCbfdnT59Wrc0EhcvXgxszSLGx8exurqqu0U98sgj9iqaHR/vvfde28wspVIpsIIp6KVlIx8GlVKoVCpwXRdnzpzBm2++qZft27cPhUJB/zqN1oNpPp9HoVBAoVAInGFkpzh9+rSvMlRaMb3xxhu+9Uz2i9GTTz4JAPj888994ffff7/v7+1kZGQEhw4d0v96nodkMolkMgnP8zA2NsbWTn3oVj5+9tlnyGQyuiKyUwuPxcVFeJ6HTCaDcrnMl7I+ZLPZ0L+er66uIpfLAa2u4b3S+blz5/Dd737XDt5TLl68iB/84Ae+sA8//BAA8N3vflff38bHx+G6Li5duhT4QkrhdbsvB/nZz36GtbU1vPzyy2g2m7oFiud5OHLkiL1639tfL+afnSnM/SiRSEAphWKxiKGhIfzwhz/csCEcaOfo9j7b7/12N2EFE4Vy/vx5/OY3vwl82e9XqVTCyZMn11WTK9Mvm5+gDNtsNnHt2rWOv5b3I+y2arUa9u3b11aLvRNIK6bXX38dzWYT9Xod9Xq9rZ+5bW5uDg8++CBu3brlG5tos33yySd20EASiQQWFxd1Sy6RTqfRmgzB95mYmPD9fyeqVqsol8twHEfnpa985StYW1vD0tJSYL4KIt1Ld5LFxUUopbCysqKv4+Liog5XSvVM+/QP3crHUqmE999/H6+++ioWFxeRy+W6tvCIxWKYmZlBJpPB0tJSxzHZ6H/l83m88MILPe/NzVa35JMnT2JiYgIffvghHMfBoUOHOsazhK/nXr2blEolPTSA+Pvf/w4ExM1jjz0GBFS4U/863ZeDjI+PI5fLoVQq4Stf+Qqef/55/M///A/QZSiGfra/Hsw/O1vY+1E6ndbPv7/+9a/txbSLdXqfXc/9drdhBRP1NDc3h+PHj7c9wCYSCUSj0bYxA+TFVB60TAsLC/jqV7/alhnDOnjwIHK5nO9jD5jWbDZx+fLlwBd/GajPHmtJ/pbuPaLbtky1Wg1/+9vfdmTlkjBbMZ09e7Zr6yW0XmxOnjyJDz/8EK+++mpbK6Verl+/bgehXq+HrtjYDCdOnNjUQai3k9OnT6NSqbRVnlUqFb08jC+++MIOumOkNZWdhqSMYqXRxupVPmazWXz/+9/Xf09MTGB2dhaXLl0KbMUknnnmGQDAXXfdZS8iy+TkJJ544gnfjy4y5kwkEtEtLKX7htx7R0dH9cv1b3/7W2OL/+u3v/0tfvazn9nBgVKpVOBYN+VyeUcP2C6TINj3NxlDyS5rRKe0u57npr0u7H15YmICq6urUEqhVCrhz3/+c2DXFVvY7fern/xD21eY+1EsFoPrupuSjmh76vY+u5777W7DCibqSgZYtiuXRDqdbuv3LpU1x44dM9b8R2b853/+58DMGFYikcDExITvYz74yQtPp7EoRkdH4ThO28Pd1atX4TiO7wW017aEVC4FdQ/ZScxWTGFaL129ehUHDhxY1/V87LHHsLa21ta97OzZsz33u5lu374d2Jx+t5GXmaC4TiQSemDUTi9Ppt///vdteedOkVYGZgVys9nE9evXkclkjDVpUGHKx7W1tbYKSGnxZs5GapOZneyXempXqVTaPjLYdqVS0ffh27dvtw2EPDw8jJGRkbZwUSgU2lrudCKtRMwyQ/7/3HPP6bCd5te//nVgCxiZqfIPf/iDL/z27dtwekwG0s9zE63vvpzNZnH9+nVcunTJXtRmPdsPo5/8Q9tX2PtRs9nE4cOH7WDahXq9z67nfrvr/P/s3f+LG9f9L/6n/oAmnd3+lJYQNLpwQ3vZ0shuSbUBB+JRnQ8hpU6lTUsJONgdpQTebbLbaG0uFztuR+8khdDsak0MS2hX2mRLw5tou9qAC5Ew77fjhhV9l17ojjC5aX+SvHXyB5zPD9E5PXM0kmZXa3tXej5A2DszGo3O93nNmZEgCtFqtYTruiKfzwvP8wIvx3FEq9VS21mWJVzXFUIIUavVhGVZwvO8wP6KxaLIZDJd+8pkMqJWqwW2bbVaIplMCsuy1OdE4fu+cByn6zPy+bw6PtE5RgCiVCoJ0Tk2AIHj2M2+wrZzXVcUi0W13UGUyWREJpMJLAtLi1arJRzHEQAC3ymTyQjLssTW1pZotVrqva7rCq+T/5lMput9Qis3+vaO46g80d+rH0s+nxcARKVSUct66VeO9Pz1fV+IzndPJpNd244a3/dFMpkMlGOTTOdkMqnSRwghAAjLslSeyLqk54csB2bZElqebm1tqWVbW1s9tw/j+74AIBzHMVcJIYTwPC9QLl3XDS0D9C+lUkkAUPVWV6lUhGVZgfSO2j7KNkKWF9/3RSaTCewrk8kI13VVmajVasK27UAZGSeD2i3btoVt24F6aZLttU7WM9d11X5LpVIgf3SVSqVnHZPtt7necRzVhsp2xtzmMJHf08wHyXVdAW0sIcc/enrKNlKvW3K/g8ZN4yZqvxzWJonO+0ulkrBtu6vvkuuj7F8n8zisjnie13Ndv/pDd1e//i5KfyTztlQqiVarpcYZ/cZUNDqinM/utr8dRQww3QWO4xz4jieZTAoAoa98Ph/YdmtrSw1obdvuCibIk9WwVzKZDGwrB2P6K6wTMPm+rwIWYS8zIFGpVIRt2+oY9AofdV+VSqVrnf7qNWC528LSWH5/eXLTb1t0Tly2trZUGubzefVe2RnLMiFfZj6a5UYPLoW9N2xZL2HHbQ7w9f0lk0nhed6BzbP9pKdJWDtkpjO08iHfI/Pdtu1A3ZID7rD9m/ut1Wqh+dSPuX/92MztZB3OZDJdJxr0L2a+mHkg2znbtkWtVovcPopOPcvn82p7y7JUWyHp/YNt28J13bHNr7D6oLdbMu1t2+7b/sk8NdVqtUDfbvZ9Otd1A22yrtVqCdu2u4LC8kSrV14fNqVSaeBJo97WhKVnrRM8MsdFZv9nrh9HUftls00SWpl3jAtVuqj7l8y6aPaXxWKx5wljv/pDd8+g/i5Kf6SPfQeVORotuz2fjdrfjqKY+LwRvavW19fx1ltvYXV1FbZtY3t729wkoFAoYG5uTv1dq9UOxO0ZUaXTaaDzoFkiosMiFovB87yez9yh0VUoFOA4Ts8p4XTn1Ot1/OUvf+l7eyLRqGObRER0MB2IZzCdOHECP/nJTwAAvu+jXC6bmyjtdhu//OUvgc5DJQ/jr/3IXysiIiI66NrtNm7cuMETuQNiZWWFz+qhscY2iYjo4DoQASZJPpiy369XXb58Wf0ixDe+8Q1zNRER3Qbygb03btwwV9EIazQaWFtbw/nz581VdIc1m00sLS3hhRde6PnDG0Sjjm0SEdHBdqACTJOTk3Bdt+cspna7jXfeeUf9ZKRpfX0dR44cUT/Vm81m1a90tNttLC0tIZFIoF6vY35+HrFYDEtLS+r9cn0sFkMikej6hSt0OrZsNqs+I5fLBX4JpN8xyPW5XE7dJgcA5XIZ6XQahUIBjUYD6XQasVgM6XS666ec9fUTExOYn58PrCci2m+FQgHT09NA55dxYrGYuQmNqKmpKZw5c4YBjQMgHo/jzJkzA3/NiGiUsU0iIjrYDlSACQBeeOEFAMCrr75qrsLly5fx7LPPmouBzpW9xx9/HE899RSEEKjValhdXcVrr70GdH4y8NatW/B9HysrK/j2t78Nx3HUTyXPz8/jzTffxObmJoQQePHFFzE3N4dcLqc+o9Fo4NixYzh27BiEEKhUKlhcXMS5c+ciHUO73cY999yDzc1NtU+5rFqt4qOPPsLS0hLOnj0Lz/NQrVaxtrYW+Pzvfe97OHv2LIQQ+MUvfoGLFy+GBsKIiPbL7OwsOj8KoV5ERERERES6AxdgisfjcF0X169fV7dkoBOIuXTpUs/nDnz22WcAAMdxAACpVArJZBJ/+tOfgM5+H374YQDAI488ghMnTmBjYwOzs7NoNpu4ePEi/s//+T/qyuCZM2eQyWSwuLiIRqMBAPjFL36BbDarHqx54sQJWJaFmzdvRjqGyclJpFIpJBIJSJOTkzhx4gQAwLZtLCwsIJVKqYfoygAYOp9/4cIF9cypM2fOIJlMqmdSERERERERERHdDQcuwARtFtOFCxfUsvfffx+nT5/uOSV2amoKQghMTU2pW86uX79ubgYA+MpXvhL4W84S+p//838Glv/oRz8CAFSrVQDA6uoqHnjggcA2N2/eVLfz7eYYwtx7773mIly5ckX9f3V1FTMzM+r2u1gshuvXr2NnZwfNZjPwPiIiIiIiIiKiO+VABpjkLKZqtapmMb366qs4deqUuWlAvV5HIpHAu+++i7Nnz6qZRFHJGUjSPffcE/g7imGPYZBardZ1q4oQgs9kICIiIiIiIqK75kAGmGDMYiqXy3jqqad6zl5CJ7AzPT2ttpe3ke3G3//+d3MRYMws+uijjwLr0HlIN/bpGAb5wx/+YC7C+vq6uYiIiIiIiIiI6I45sAEmfRbT2bNnB85eunr1KgAgm82aqwaSs4xef/31wPJPP/0UAPDYY4+p7VZXV7ueDfXnP/8ZGPIYojCfCSW99957gb+JiIiIiIiIiO6kAxNg+stf/oLt7W202221TD5M23z2kpzFo88mkrOM5Gyicrms9re0tIRms4m//OUvAIBf//rX6n3oPDtJBrOWlpaAzi/C/e///b+Rz+fV7Wdnz54FADzxxBOYn59HoVBAOp3G97//fSDiMbTbbWxvbwe+qwwY6c9bkuv09HjppZews7ODr3/968jlcigUCkgkEnj66afVNkREREREREREd5w4AAAEXp7nqXWO4wjf93tuC0DUajXRarWE4zgCgHpPPp8XlmWJUqkkPM8LvMdxHLVPyfM8YVmWACBs2xbFYtHcRFQqFWHbtgAgksmk2NraUusGHYMIOf5arRZpmVSr1UQymVTHWKlU1DoiIiIiIiIiorshJj4PehAREREREREREe3JgblFjoiIiIiIiIiIDicGmIiIiIiIiIiIaCgMMBERERERERER0VAYYCIiIiIiIiIioqEwwERERERERERERENhgImIiIiIiIiIiIbCABMREREREREREQ2FASYiIiIiIiIiIhoKA0xERERERERERDQUBpiIiIiIiIiIiGgoDDAREREREREREdFQGGAiIiIiIiIiIqKhMMBERERERERERERDYYCJiIiIiIiIiIiGwgATEdFtlE6nEYvFkE6nzVV0QJTLZcRiMcRiMTSbTXM1ERERERFFwAATEdFtUCgUAAALCwvmKjogZB5ls1k4jmOuJiIiIiKiXWCAiYhon3G20sFXLpdx6dIlczEREREREe0RA0y0b9LpNE+s7yB569WgVyKRMN8aSr9NKBaLoV6vm5uMvEHpVigUutLX3D6RSKBarWJubq6rPsg8y+VygeV3i8zzO3lbmJkGuVwukI5R9Tt2M2/0V7lcRqFQwMzMDHzf79rH2traro9lFPRLz0FisZiaDWYy60yvdkUvB2F1b9z0S9MwZjqXy2VzE8CoG2b7hAH9yqB2q9lsdr0ndgjz00zLft/F7Dd3U3/09+0mr0fZ+vp6V5rL16Dy12g0kM1mA9u32+3ANu12G/Pz85iYmFD5GVZXms3mwH2FMd+XTqd7tnl09+Ryua66HKZf3TTrflg5otHUq48wy8pYj2sE0T7wfV8AEACE7/vmarqNZLqHVWfXdYVt2+binjzPU/uq1Wrm6pGll1/9Zaadbdtd28iX53nC932Vhp7nde27VqsJx3EEQvLqbpDHIo/1TpBp6LquWiaPI0q6uK4bSHezvSmVSl15o7+EEKJWqwkY+SuPwXVdtY9SqaTteTQNSs9eZBrKV1gZkvuW6Sjz3txWpr38bLnduImSpmH0+qO/9PIr2yFZ5vV6Ym7T6zWoT9D7j92876AZ1M5L8vvKdJblfdD3lensOI4QWr7rbeK4ymQywnVd4Xle4GVZltja2jI3V3zfF5ZliWKxKIQQYmtrS9i2LZLJpGi1Wmq7TCYjHMcRnueJfD4vLMsSANT7hBCi1WqpfqBWq6l8HZQ/rVZL2Latjl9vW/sdO905et02x3dSlHbYHOfp4wcafWF9hFmexn1cMz7flG4rvSMNa4zp9tEbuDC76fD0E4RBg+RR4rpu4PvqaSpPHmTwyCRP1GQnIv+W25onEwclwKQPosyO8U6LGmAygyF6uuvbhJEDf8n83vpgYFwCTFHSM4w5AEdIu69vI/epty9mfZH1Q2jHZe5zlEVJ0zClUimwnZ7GenkPOwEyt5Mn1CY34oUK27YjlZ+DLGo7rwfjzG30shxG5oXevsh9Hfb0G4Zse00yWNSP67oimUwGllUqlUA98n0/EEgSnX3D6AsqlUogKCWEEMlkcmC+lkqlrkBSsVjsqnd0d5hBgbAyFaUd1uu+bC/1gH1YG0qjo9a5UNxPWF8wbuMa3iJH+2JxcVH9f25uLrAOAOr1etdUQjmdNJFIqGU6faq+PpXf3Fe5XA4s67WPWI/bM8xtem1/mKY61ut1lb7mQ6bNqZ396NvpU/+j5IG+PpfLhb5HZ95eYaaxedzNZlMtk7dnhr1fn8ZsTl+Vnn76aaRSKfV3qVQKrJdmZ2fNRfjggw/gOA7i8bi5qq/d3EpxO6ysrKj/+77flR8IyeewPOi1bViZ0Ot62O05gywsLEAIAdd1zVXKCy+8YC5Cs9mE7/t4+umnzVV9ffzxx+aikRIlPcOkUikIIVCr1cxVytWrV81FePjhh9X/r127BnTqj+mBBx4AgLF6RlaUNA1z9OjRQLt08uRJ9X+9vFerVfV/ST7YfnNzE+jsS28Hpc3NTZw+fdpcHFCv1+H7Pmzb3nP9PiiitPOy/Oq+8pWvAJ207te+h+WFbdtA5xbdcRWPx5HNZs3FePvtt5HJZMzFAeVyGZOTk4FlJ06cAABcuXIF6Oz/zJkzgW2mpqbgOA5u3ryplp04caJrXzs7O/jud78bWGbKZrOYmpoKLJOfp++f7o7t7W0IIVRdCxOlHQ6r+0ePHlX/D+v7aHSsrKygWq0Gxromjmv4DCbaB+VyGZ7nBX6FyaxwqVQq0GC7rqsGEtvb27BtG59fxPucfI6N7/vwfR/ValUNWFOpVCAA8PHHH+PChQuq05ADu1gshng8DiEEPM8DAExPTwcGfvJzXNcNnGjJ45GD7XQ6jcXFRdRqNQgh4Pt+VwDkIHnmmWfMRUAnSDY3N4dSqaQ6Wnnyb5qeng6knd4pR8kD3/fVeoS8R1cul2Hbtkpf27bh+37gJGV2djZwIry2toYbN24AnTK0sbEROMbt7W2gM+grlUrwPC/0xAGdY9PJEwVoA4deAaTFxcWe6X2QbW5uBvJjeXk5sB4heXbp0iUIIdQy27ZVfTK3DSsTMk9up7B8Wltbg23bXflMd9Z9992n/i+DdzK4Ecb3/b4n6tRd3o8fPw50guSDyrt8r2yrzX1BCxzpgaswesAanSCKDEofJmFpgJB2PuwEQhd2EopOevYjgyH0L6urqzh16pS5OGBnZ8dcBHSCqGEBPVNYYAudZ0Kl02lkMpmu4NRuPPnkk+YiGiF6uyHHpTSa9AkVADAzM9N1wZXjGgaYaB+cPXsWJ0+eDAy+ep2sygDB4uKiqmD1eh0XLlxQ2xUKBfi+r64Wyoa711XBS5cuYWNjQ11hjcfjKsAlP+f+++9X2//jH/8AtIEzADzyyCOBf33fVwPBcrmMarUaOEGVAZBBg8U7TUbUzeAOOt9XNoxyMKXP8jHJgKB+YtHrZCEsD3ZDlhdZDuRx9QtI3LhxAwsLC3AcR22vlzv9gaAff/xxz+BSGHkFatDMJJlu+tUrmbZzc3PI5XLqOKrVqipLMI7vTisUCjh9+nRgUN2rfulk/ujv63XFfdgysZ8uXbqkTrwl13Xhdx7yrefL2toazp49C3TycFCaUDi9ze11sg0tuEHDkbMLZXrOzMwE1stAb7+Bb5iVlRXYtj2w/pqDbmlubi60fzlMwtr5vbYLn3zyibmI+qjX67Asa2D5s20b165d63oQ9/b2NizLCizTtdttbG9vh858LRQKePzxx1GtVrG6urqn8V69XkcymewZwKLDR78AydlK46VfX6Zf4Oa4hgEmGlK9Xsfx48cRN6Y2V6vV0M5Yn7IvT0xXVlYC75VX8PQpiFLYiYo8gZ2dnVWzoPSB4KCBySDySqU8GdUH8QetcxGfP1ct0NBJ+rHK7yFPqvtdjY1yZSYsD3bj0UcfBXaZV7IsbWxsYGNjA+gEMeVMOnnCs5cTATmFVe63l+Xl5dAglMyHhYUFbGxsqL+z2az6/6B9306XLl1SATd9Vtgrr7yibdWfLGO9rrgPWyb2iwwkm7fHydvDzHyZnZ1VU+mFEF15S9HobXrYBQc9AEXDC6tn+ixbWR/DLoyE9RfS4uLiwNvjms2mqi8i5PaSsPw/THq183T7rays4NlnnzUXd3nxxRexs7ODc+fOod1uo91uo1wuw/f9rosLusuXL+PChQuheTs7O4tWqwXP83Dz5k088cQTux5P/PrXv8abb75pLqZDLJVKqTYz7HYneSsUjZ6jR48G+jrz8QL9AlDjhgEmGsqFCxcCJ27ydiqETJlHhIYZ2qwVu3Obmv4KuwoUdqIS79waJ4RAIpEIXM2VVxD1Y5EBFvmvPltJH1CYx7ObWTF3UtiAXg8O+b4f+B7mc5p2KywPdkOeHD399NOBwFe/qwD67TY6OfsEnSuQa2trA2/v0MkZdP0+W6pWq4fu9rhyuRwYcOtXbnvNQtiLYcvEfrl69Spvj7tLRCfgIS8W6IEM2Zb3C27Q7umDXl+bij87Oxu4VTwWi6n63iuAJANRg9pP8+Q81XmOify8fjNRD4Owdt78zlHpsx9osHK5jMcee8xc3OXMmTPwPA/lchlf+tKX8Nxzz+HPf/4z0Of2tEajgfvvvz90XClNTk5idnYWCwsL2NnZwfvvv29u0lO5XMZLL73U9VwmOvzkoz30C8/SoPaSDi+z3ZcXKuU4Rt76z3ENA0w0hGaziWq1qgarsVgs8IDvXier+pXUQqHQNbNAinKC34+8ZeD48eM9n/2zvb0N13WxuLioBtyu6/YcEO/26tXdkkql+g6a5G2Cu3U7r8wkEglMT0+jVqsFnue1W2YQ88aNG12dQi/1eh1zc3Oo1WoD3yOvVPRL54NoeXlZlXfzpB8jeAXm0qVLPU+g6fbTA9myXusXIvo9y86OcGsWdQu73QdaIF8Ys4x6XShZWVkZaubO7OwsbNvum8cHXa92flBfqM+i1vW6MCLJ2bz0+fOP5Az5KGZnZ3Hz5k0IIVAul/GnP/2p5+1pjUYDf//730PXhZHb3XvvveaqUOvr63jwwQcZXBph+kxnGdR3XTdyeaXRIS/qywur/fq8cRnXMMBEe7a2tqYeFh12EoEez+zRo/uXLl3qmlmgz67Y68luuVxWwa5eg210Agrm9H5zNo8+4Ov1vJnDQD5fCj1ml/WiB9X0X4HaT+l0Gn7nuVtmedgL+awg3/cD37ufZrOpAlz6MfR6VtLy8nLX9NiDTualWWf1AKw+A6wfGQA+yCdE8vY4XlHcu7L2K4zDyOVyqHZ+UEEPaJgzQ3QMDHaTv8Qo+1b5t04OXnsFh2RbhwEXcswHW0vy4o0+iO5VRhKJROg+Dote7Xy/NkVPd/nrprIficfjfS+g9NvvuHnrrbd6zj4aJJfL4dq1a1hdXTVXqeCS/JW5KOSznXoFDnXr6+v48pe/zODSmCgUClhcXITjOF3nDzRa5HjIPC+QFw5kILpfnzc24xpBtAelUknYtm0uFkIIUavVBAD1qtVq5ibCcRwBQJRKJXOV8H0/8H7JdV21r1KppNaH7cN1XbXe9/3A3/r2+ueYL9/3Q7eTyz3PC/3sO00/tkFs21bb6mnpeZ4Qne8k15vLXNcN7GtQHgjt8+R79c8PywfHcQJ/m9/JzNd+APQso2H0z9Rf8ph0soyGle2DrN8x63mj57WezzI99WV6PkQpE2HpKtsDRCjDokc5DuO6bmj+UVC/9OxVLoTRXpjrpLA2xSTzX5Yl+ZnjqF+a6vVLppf5t75dGH37fvrtwywv5nHIMlSr1bq+w2EyqJ2XeSXbOtk/ye3NdJHkctk2yTHTYU6r/dZqtYRlWaLVapmrRKVSEZZldbXtvu+LUmdsmkwmQ8cItVpNOI4jPM8LvFzXFcViUYhOvmYyGVGpVITo7DeZTHb1aTL/9fJRLBZFJpPp2n8mk+lZjujO6VUnTf3aYUlvj3ttQ6NFLxf6+YWrnZ9K4z6uGZ9vSvtGPxk0G1Y9ANBrGzFg8CpCOgFogzg5GNNf5omLuY3eKEAbEJj7MV86c535mXeamQ/yZQ66TPrJAYy8kQMtYXxf87ua6Ru2Tdh2vfLBLDdhjbj5Xv39YeTAbpCwsmYei0key2Fhnpjqx27mkbmN/l4zD/QBfNh+zLQLK3tm3vcLCvYq8+iRF2HHQP8SJT31PJdtQ1h5ki/zZFtf1o9+LP3KwKiKkqYi5GJH2PvM/lZv46KmreM4PfsSWSb0fYUdR6/3HxZR2vl+baLQynW/PAHbqS6lUqkrzaRKpaLKnxwDyHR2HKdneyPf1+slg1mlUklYliUACMuyegaHisWisCxLrcvn8137lK9kMmm+ne4wM0/kS2+nwtox+ZLlSq/zrLfjJ2zc1KvNGedxTUx8XumIxlKz2ex6Bo3O9/3QWwzo4CsUCjh58iTzb0jlclk9JL9UKkV+ZgWNFnlLVq/n9dCdFYvFwOEbjbNCoQDHcXgrGhHRAcNnMNHYksGlsOdI9XooOB1c9Xo9cG/0bh7uTUS9lctlXLp0icGlAyKRSLCPorHWbrdx48YNBpeIiA4gBphobMlfUvvggw/MVerBngxQHB6ffPIJ0AkclsvlyA/3JqLeCoUClpeXe/6yJt1ZsVgMy8vLnElIY6vRaGBtbQ3nz583VxER0QHAW+RorNXrdfVrOjreCnQ4yV8xcl2Xv+axD8Lqh+M42NjYCCwjIiIiIiJigImIiIiIiIiIiIbCW+SIiIiIiIiIiGgoDDAREREREREREdFQGGAiIiIiIiIiIqKhMMBERERERERERERDYYCJiIiIiIiIiIiGwgATERERERERERENhQEmIiIiIiIiIiIaCgNMREREREREREQ0lJgQQpgLhxGLxcxFREREREREREQ0wvY9wEREREREREREROOFt8gREREREREREdFQGGAiIiIiIiIiIqKhMMBERERERERERERDYYCJiIiIiIiIiIiGwgATERERERERERENhQEmIiIiIiIiIiIaCgNMREREREREREQ0FAaYiIiIiIiIiIhoKAwwERERERERERHRUBhgIiIiIiIiIiKioTDAREREREREREREQ2GAiYiIiIiIiIiIhsIAExFRRLFYDM1m01xMh1i9XkcikTAXExERERHRLjHAREQHTqPRwPz8PCYmJsxVd1wulwMABiH2QaFQwMTEBNrtNgCg3W6jXC7jyJEjKBQK5ua3TblcRr1eR7PZxPT0tLmaiIiIiIj2gAEm6qler+PIkSOIxWKIxWLI5XKhszfa7Tay2SxisRgmJiawtLRkboJms6m2icViSKfTqNfr5mYAoAILsVgM8/Pz6mQ0iqWlJSQSCXUshUIh9P2NRkN9t0QiEXosUfeFTlrlcrk7epK8V/pJvczXQdLptMq7WCxmrr4tfN/Hzs6OuTiyZrOJ+fl5ZLNZc5Wi53EikcD6+npgvZ6f29vbgXWj5siRIz3L9+10zz334Pr16+biLu12O9A2JBIJlMtlczOgs63cTr70vDx79iwAIB6Po1arae8cT+VyuW+bPIhMb7P9i9ru76atHXVR2q1ezHY6nU6rde12O7BOf5nBcxkI1vMjqmH674NifX29K43kq1d/Wa/Xkc1m1XfvZy/7Hyfr6+tqfHI7yl+UMWu73UYul1P7SqfTaDQa5mY9Ddum0u0zKG/0c59e5c8cj+y2fNDoKBQKoW1+lHI00gRRiK2tLWFZlsjn88LzPOE4jgAgbNsWrVZLbddqtYRt28J1XdFqtdT7PM8L3cbzPOG6rgAgAIitrS21nRBCZDIZkUwmhe/7otVqiWQyKRzHCWzTS7FYFLZtC8/zhOd5wrZtAUBkMpnAdltbWwKAKBaLQgghSqWSACBqtZraJuq+hBCiVquJSqUiAAS+90HneZ7KB9/3zdVKrVZT28k0uxPk8e2F7/uiUqkI27Z7lp9SqSTy+byo1WqiVCqpPJZpoaePPA5ZTuQyvcwcZrIOlEolc9UdEaXuZDIZ4TiO8DxP5PN5YVlWzzKZz+dV2yVfst2S+QxAuK4rarWasG1bpcFey9xhValUVFnfa3nOZDJdeRi13d9NWzvqorRbvVQqFZHJZAJl3kxnWX/0VzKZDNShfD6v+mDROSbbtkU+n1fb9DJM/32QZDIZVW71l2VZXWMWIYRwXVeNe8LWm3a7/3FSqVSEZVmqLZJjK9d1zU27RCl/UcasQgiRTCbVNq1WSziOEzl/9qNNpdtjUN5sbW0J13VFpVIRlUpFnfuYY6N8Pi+KxaKo1Wqq7tq2HdiGRp88nzTHjVHL0Sgbr5E0ReZpJ2SSPInQK4g8adC3LRaLAtqJeqlU6uqU5Tb6oEGe4FUqFbVMVt4oldIcAMuBhH4sonOCmUwmA9tmMplA5xB1XzpEOEk+SOTJhZkPJsdxVD6Hdci3ixwEDMNxnK4BpmSWKTmQ1b+j1zkxltAJsopO2T9M+d2Pbdt3dYA0qO74vt8VSJJtg3nMvu8PDE7Ytq3yWQYMZT7r68aFTIO9fO9isajaBz0Po7b7e2lrR12/dqsXx3G6+mxdr/plWVYgncNOtr3ORaZ+hu2/Dwrf90OPd2trq6utEZ101wNyg+x2/+MmLJiZz+cHtk9Ry1/UMau5TavVEgAG1gNpmDaVbq9+eWPWTZnvepvo+37Xe2UZpfHRarVUUNvM+yjlaNTxFjkKNTs7i8nJycCyn/zkJwCAW7duqWXlchmO4wS2/da3vgUAWFtbAwBks1lMTU2p9QBw5swZAMDNmzfVsnfffRcAcOLECbVsamoKlmVheXlZLevl5ZdfDvw9OTmJ06dPAwA+++wzoHNrnO/7eOqppwLbHjt2DL7vqymzUfY1Cp566inYto3FxcXQ2x/r9Tri8TgeeOABcxXQmRqq39oyPz+v1slbPSY6z9xJp9OYmJhQabybKejylo2JiYmu29j2yrwF5dNPP4Vt23jwwQcDy02bm5vq/zdu3AisO4zW19dx/Phx/PznP4fv+6G3ncnbKtPpNAqFAsrlssr3XC6nbkNot9vqdqd6vY75+XnEYjEsLS0N9VyteDyu2gxpamoKjuME2hAAeOWVV7C6uop0Oo2lpaXQWyRMtm1jYWFB/f3JJ58E1lO4RqOBRqOBp59+2lwVud0fl7b2diqXy6hWq0in05ifnw9ty2dnZ81FWF9fh23biMfjaplt23jnnXcC9ebGjRt46KGH1N9hhu2/D4p4PN7VNwDA22+/jUwmE1hWKBRw7do1bGxsBNKwn93sf9zI8dm9994bWP6d73wHAHD16tXAcl3U8hdlzCr3pW8zOTkJx3FQrVbVMho9Zt2U5zuO46hl8XgcqVRK2wrY2dkZ+/o7bs6dO4eXXnqp61wZEcvRqGOAiXbtscceAzrBh52dna6BpzypuHLlSmB5mCeffFL9f3V1FclkMrAeAI4ePTpUp27btjomuZ+vfe1rgW2++tWvAgMGMDD2NSouXLgAALh8+bK5ChcuXOg6sZfK5TLm5uawvLwMIQR+/vOf4+LFiyoA9Nlnn6nnKF2+fBnPP/88bNvGp59+qgJOAPC3v/0Nvu/j2rVr+N73vmd8yufPZzl58iT+9re/4ejRo3j++efNTYbSbDZRKBTw6quv4ne/+11oZzHKXn/9dbzwwgs4deoULMtSzyfSyc6xWq3iypUr+Pjjj7G8vIxMJoPFxUWcO3dObXfr1i34vo+VlRV8+9vfhuM4uHXrVqA87CezI3/ggQeQyWRw7do1/PjHP8Y3v/nNnoFLGs4vfvELnD9/3lw8kN7u9zKKbe3t5LoudnZ2cPHiRSSTydBAsem9997Dz372s8CyX/3qV7h+/boK+Mvn05iBQNPt6r8PitXVVZw6dUr93Ww2MTc3h+PHj+O5554LPEMpSlDbZO5/HPUKKMuT+X5jyijlL+qY9Z///GdgvfToo48Cnf3QaJMX1TKZDEqlUs++qNFoqOfTvvHGG+ZqGlHr6+uYmprqWS6kqOVoFDHARJFdvXoV+Xy+60qdebUpinq9jmQy2XVyuN8n91euXMHrr79uLsY999xjLhqo174Ou2w2q2Yx6QNjOYjq1SDeunULlmWpwZ8cHP/3f/830HnfN77xDQDAyZMnceLECXz44Yc4ceIE1tbWsLOzg4WFBUxOTiIej+P48eNds1Hke+PxOCYnJ/Hoo4/C931zk6HYto25uTlcv34db7/99p5ODg4rOUNNpm+vWUz6VfeHHnoIs7OzSKVS6mqwnAEXj8fx8MMPAwAeeeQRnDhxAhsbG2p7WR72Q7vdxvb2Nl544YXA8tnZWZTLZdy8eRPFYhE3b97E9773vbHK1zthfn4eP/nJT3bVZvdq902j2tbeLtlsFgsLC9je3katVsPExARmZmb6BlblwFdeMJJSqRRqtRp838fXv/51NBqNwOy+fnZTFg6Ter0Oy7ICY5/3338f6PQfFy9ehBACxWIRi4uLeO6557R3Dxa2/3F03333ASGBJDkj74tf/GJguSlq+Rs0ZpX5YAaS5IzlL3zhC4HlNHp+8IMfYGZmBtevX8fy8nLorNB6vY6vf/3rWFxcxLVr19QMOBptzWYTb731Vs+L77oo5WhUMcBEkbTbbVy5cgU//elPzVV78utf/xpvvvmmuXhfyZNnfcr0Xu3nvg6iCxcuqJlG0srKSuhsFunMmTO4efOmui3qm9/8prmJYg6cf//733f9cpEMCpjCBo37GSwQQqBWq8FxHFy8eBGvvfaaWnf//fdjcXFRXZ1G54SiUChgcXERi4uLh/qXIS5cuBAI0MhZTK+++mpgO505OP/ud78LAPjHP/4RWP6Vr3wl8Pd+u3z5Mi5cuNBVtnRnzpzBb37zG/i+r04IASCRSGB6elr96/s+0uk00uk0fN/HzMxM18kF/cv6+jruvffertsEBonS7o96W3u7pVIpbG5uwrKs0F/Hkt5//30cP348tH395JNP4LquCh7vdVbOqFhZWcGzzz4bWPbHP/4RAPD9739ftUFnzpyB4zhYXV3d1YlE2P7HUTweRyaTQbVaVWW32WyqccmxY8eMd9we8sTx3/7t31Q+rq+vq3rV66IbjY6NjQ34vg/XdVGtVkNvf0ulUhBCoFQqYWJiAj/+8Y/37REOdHDlcrnIs9WilKNRxQATRXL58mX89re/DR2M7la5XMZLL720p05a/hyk/go7EWy327h69WrkK6/97Oe+Dio5i+mXv/wl2u02ms0mms3mwBPIpaUl/I//8T/w8ccfB55NdLv99a9/NRcNJZVKYWNjQ83kkrLZLDo/hhB4zc7OBv5/GNXrdVSrVdi2rerSl770Jezs7OD69euh9SqMvL30Tmo0Grj//vsHzoRB55kcyWQSH3/8sVq2sbEBIQS2t7dVPm5sbKjlQoiBZX9ctdttvP7667su91Ha/XFoa++EeDwO13X7Bjnefffd0FsVy+Uy3n33Xbz88svY2NiA53l7mpUzSsJmesnbqMzyLG+jMgPu/YTtf1y98cYbcF0XP/7xjzExMYFXXnlFzVq+U2k0NTWFSqWCnZ0d2LaNI0eO4P/9v/8H3/cj9Tk0GuLxOBYWFuC6Lq5fv95zRmg2m1Xj37feestcTSOkUCjg+eef39W5cNRyNGoYYKKBlpaWcOrUqa4KlUqlYFlW13RmeWIqB1q69fV1PPjgg12DMgDqypWpWq2qB6M9/PDD8Dwv8JLTqqV2u421tbXQEyC5H/NZS/JveXuP1G9fo0afxfTKK6/0nb2ETkP70ksv4Y9//CNefvnlvjNJwly7ds1chGazGTmwcTucPn16Tw+hPowuXLiAWq3WFTyr1WpqfRSffvqpuei2ajQa+Pvf/76rgf7k5GTXzCvam8uXL6NarQaC/NPT0wCAubk5NdNP16/dl8aprb0T7r333p63FLXbbWxubobWoVwuhx/96Efq79nZWRSLRayurvadxRSl/z6M5I8gmP2bfI5Pr/4q6m1UvfY/riYnJ7GwsAAhBG7evInz589jc3Mz9PEMuijlbzdj1hMnTqgLEB9++KF6JIB5SzaNPvkjFv3qdDweh+M4YzN+HFdzc3N4/PHHA+Mf2e7EYrG+dzREKUejhAEm6ks+YNkMLknZbBbXrl0LDDxlsObkyZPalp8PpL785S/3PMmQV1P1AZv8/zPPPAN0Bgizs7OBlz7okCcpve6NnZqagm3bXQOMK1euwLbtwKyFQfsaNfospiizl65cuYKjR4/2zM9+Hn30Uezs7HQ1xq+88srAz72dbt26hePHj5uLR46sV2FpnUql1K/l9Dp50r333ntdded2kcGl3dw+1W630W63u9oj2puTJ0+iVqsFXsViEeg8aFoGKKVB7T7GsK29Ez766CP1y6+mtbW10OASOr+GZAaN5SxF/RdkTVH678PorbfeCp3pJX/Z7A9/+ENg+a1bt3b1gPpe+6fP24V0Og3btgc+ZD5q+dvNmFWSP2jym9/8pm+Qi0aT/IXhQXnfbrfxyCOPmItphJhjn1qtpn5coFar9WxDsItyNDIEUYhWqyVc1xX5fF54nhd4OY4jWq2W2s6yLOG6rhBCiFqtJizLEp7nBfZXLBZFJpPp2lcmkxG1Wk1t5ziOSCaTotVqCd/3RTKZFI7jBPbVi+/7wnGcrs/I5/Pq+ETnGAGIUqkkROfYAASOI+q+9O0BRD7WgyCTyYhMJhNYFpYWrVZLOI4jAIhisaiWZzIZYVmW2NraEq1WS73XdV2V/5lMput9Qis3+vaO46g80d+rH0s+nxcARKVSUct6abVaIplMCsuyVHmV9Pz1fV+IzneXZW+UyXoVVo4lmc7JZFKljxBCABCWZak8kXVJzw9ZDsyyJbQ83draUsu2trZ6bq+r1WqhddJ1XVW+isWisG1bHY/v+yKTyQQ+j7qVSiUBQNVbXaVSEZZl9W3bZDkw3x+l3d9tWzvqBrVbtm0L27ZVvdza2hKWZYlisSharZZotVoin88H2lJTMpkMtKs62a7r+ZPJZAL5L9tvs0wM038fRPJ7mvkgua4roI0l5PhHT9tedUNE2P+42traEp7nqbGlmT692qQo5U+m+aAxa6vVEpVKRTiO05Wnkud5XWMUqV+bSndXv7zJZDLCdV01ZqjVasK27cAYQpaLUqmk2lzXdceyv6LP2x0Y4ZQo5WjUMcBEoZLJpAAQ+srn84Ftt7a2VAWzbbsrmCBPVsNeyWQysK1sqNE5kc3n812DizC+7wurE7AIe5kBiUqlImzbVsegDxB2uy85yNBfYQOOg0IOeMOOt9U5uem3LToN6dbWlkpDmU/JZFI1orJMyJfZmZvlRj8hCntv2LJewo5b376lBc3QKQOe50Uqa4ednibm4FuEpD208iHfI/NdD+aIkLqg79/cb61WC82nMJVKpWs7/SXzTS+T8iRCD5BRNzNfzDyQaW/bds92TeajXseitPu7bWtHXVh90NNUppdt22q52ZaZF21MMkjVS6sToJL5EtYPt1otYdt2V1B4r/33QVUqlQaeNMpAiCzXZtrXOgEMc1wkIu5/3Miy068c92qTopY/c+xh5o3sxwaNC4rFYmjwaVCbSnfPoLzR+y3btkPHEPo4A51xTr+APo02WaZ0UcrRqIuJzxt0IiKivmKxGDzP43NyxlChUIDjOJFv/aHbp16v4y9/+QtvKaSxxjaJiOhg4jOYiIiIqKd2u40bN27wRO6AWFlZ6fusB6JRxzaJiOjgYoCJiIgGkg9MvXHjhrmKRlij0cDa2hrOnz9vrqI7rNlsYmlpCS+88ELPH94gGnVsk4iIDjbeIkdERH0VCgXMzc0FlrHrICIiIiIiHQNMREREREREREQ0FN4iR0REREREREREQ2GAiYiIiIiIiIiIhsIAExERERERERERDYUBJiIiIiIiIiIiGgoDTERERERERERENBQGmIiIiIiIiIiIaCgMMBERERERERER0VAYYCIiIiIiIiIioqEwwERERERERERERENhgImIiIiIiIiIiIbCABMREREREREREQ2FASYiIiIiIiIiIhoKA0xERERERERERDQUBpiIiIiIiIiIiGgoDDAREREREREREdFQGGAiIiIiIiIiIqKhMMBERERERERERERDYYCJiIiIiIiIiIiGwgATERERERERERENhQEmIiIiIiIiIiIaCgNMREREREREREQ0FAaYiIiIiIiIiIhoKAwwERERERERERHRUBhgIiLaR+VyGel02lxMB0Cz2UQsFjMXExERERHRPmCA6S6o1+uIxWKo1+vmKqIDo9FoIJfLYWJiwlxFhnK5jHq9jnq9jpmZGXM19ZFOpwMBuWaziUKhgEQisS9tpNwfANi2ba4mIiIiIqJ9cmgCTLFYrOslTxpkwMZ80XDq9TqOHDmi0jOXy6HZbJqbod1uI5vNIhaLYWJiAktLS+YmaDabaptYLIZ0Ot3z5LHZbGJ+fh7ZbNZcNdDS0hISiYQ6lkKhgHa7bW6GRqOhvluvE9ko+2q325ifn8fExITaV7lcDmxzJ6XT6a56YL6izq757LPP8OGHH2JnZ8dcNRKi5p1eB8yXrA9nz54FAKRSKZRKJWMPh1Oz2YxcVm4H3/fNRT2Z5V4/7ldeeUX9fzf7HCdy1l1YO9jPoLbarGPpdBqNRsPcDOjRj+/2eEbBoDQNE6V/bbfbXekrX4lEIrCt1Gw2kcvlVD9o7jOMnt/z8/NdfeZh0263USgUVD8gx52mer2ObDarvvsg6+vrKl1jnfHVYU+r22G3F2SjtCP62C6RSGB9fT2wHhH7/TDz8/Nd28tX2PiC7rwo/V2UdlheCOtXjmj0RBnX7KW/HTUxIYQwFx5U5XIZMzMzSCaT2NjYwOTkZGB9NpvF6uoqPM/D7OxsYB3tTqPRwLFjx+C6Lu69915cuXIF1WoVtm3jv/7rv1Tat9ttfPOb38Tx48dx/vx5fPLJJzh27Bh+/vOfqzzQt3nggQdw48YNLC4uAgC2trYwNTWlPrfZbOL//t//i+effx6JRAIbGxtq3SBLS0v493//d5w+fRoAcOnSJfi+j0wmE+jYG40Gvv71r6NYLOLMmTOqXNVqNaRSqV3tK5vN4p///CceffRR3Lp1C4uLi9jZ2VH7vhuazaaaqWFW76WlJfz+97+PnK7z8/O4ePFi135GQZS8azQa+N73vqfKgfTRRx8BnTYpkUiowIXrunjkkUewvLyMRx99FHNzc7BtG9vb24H3Hwa5XA6Li4vwfR/xeNxcfVvV63VMT08H6mQv6+vreOutt/CNb3xDLXMcB1NTU+o7oDN7aXNzE7Zto1arYXp6GugEne709ztI1tfX8d///d+Ym5uLlN5SlLZ6fn4e999/P7761a/i6tWr+OUvf4mJiYnQ+pBOp/Hoo4+qv++999671obeLVHS1BS1f5Vtv57GAPDOO+/g2Wef7Upr2S+6rounn346UrnIZrPwfR+rq6u49957kU6nMTk5Gel7HERyHHT06FE8//zz+OY3v9k17kSnrSyXy/j5z3+u2p5+1tfX8cMf/hD/8R//gVQqhXa7jeeeew6+7+PDDz80Nx9bsmz7vh+5bRrUjpTLZfz5z3/Gd77zHXzyySc4e/YsfN8P9ANR+v1eEokEMpkM7r33XrVMji9u3rwZ2JbuvCj9XZR2eH5+Hpubm1hdXUU8Hldj5VKp1DcoRYdflHHNbvvbkSQOkVqtJgAIx3HMVUIIITzPEwBErVYzV9EueZ4nWq1WYFkmkxEARKlUUstc1xUAAtsWi0UBQPi+L4QQolQqia2tLbVe38Z13cByyXGcnvncSz6fD/zdarWEbduBYxFCCNu2RTKZDGybyWSEbdvq7yj78n1fFIvFwHZbW1sCQGBfdwMA0at6m8fcj6xToyZq3hWLxa56IDrlRa8Htm2rdqdUKgkAwvM8ITp5oZe/w8D3fWFZVt86ejvJtj5KW+44TmgeSa7rqrzwfV9A60Mcxwnk47jaTXqberXVvu937S+fz4e2J6VSqas+jrNeaRomav8q64DJsqyu9snzPGFZVlf+9SPbvUqlopbJNvUw1jFZJwaVS8dxRDKZ7ErDfjKZTFf+ys+jf3FdV407o5TFKO2IWRYrlUrX/qP2+6ZKpdJVF0Vnf3ejH6VwUfu7Xu2wHEfobZ0QQiSTSWFZVmjZodEQdVyzm/52VB2aW+SGsb6+Hpjums1mu6Yim1PMs9msmvKmT7nVb70IW2beqqG/6vU6ms2mmp6rT89st9vqeTdyCl2/qyS32+zsbNeVup/85CdA52qMVC6X4ThOYNtvfetbAIC1tTWgc1XTvKIno7f7eUXn5ZdfDvw9OTmprkB99tlnQOfKlO/7eOqppwLbHjt2DL7vqzyJsq94PN4VhZ6amoLjOPv6vfabfsyy3PWrG3I7WbbNsluv15HL5dQ00UQiEZj6H9NuF9Drh65fHW2324E6I6egm5+h37oQ9tm6qHl35syZrnrQbrexurqKxx57LLBc5zhOYBblP/7xj8D6g+7y5ctYWFiA4zhYXFwMvSWg3W6rqeaFQkHN5ooZt3vIqeYTExOqHE1MTKBer2N9fV2Vnb0ol8uoVqtIp9OYn58PPc4w+hXJjz/+OLCO9kc8Hu+6Oryzs4NMJhNYhs4tpi+99BKy2exd7fcOo6j9a9is7vX1ddi2HZjBV6/XMTc3p2bXRPXuu+8CAE6cOKGWTU1NwbIsLC8va1sefO12G0888QQ8z+vqJ3SFQgHXrl3DxsbGrmZB2raNa9euBW6r+OSTT5BMJgPbjbNyuYypqanAzNRBorQj5uySTz/9FLZt48EHH1TL9trvnzhxoqsuAsCbb76J/+//+//MxXRIvf/++wCAe+65J7D8qaeews7ODv76178GltPoiDquidrfjrKRDzA1m008/vjjeOqppyCEQK1Ww+rqKl577bXANslkEseOHYMQQk2XPXbsGBqNBlKpFFqtVtcDYsOWPfroo2i1WhBCQAiBra0tWJYFz/OQSqXw2Wef4datW13PAjl37hw2Nzdx/fp1tFotJJNJzMzMhJ7s322yg63X69jZ2cFDDz0UWC872CtXrgSWh3nyySfNRfvOtm11TNVqFQDwta99LbDNV7/6VQDA1atXA8tN+r76MQcxB8HS0lJXUDOdTmNqakrVjc3NTfzgBz8IvA8AXnvtNTz//PMolUq4efMmnnjiicDJ/ObmJtrtNqrVKl588UVYlqVuKdRtbGx0LRtUR2/duqXqzMrKCr797W/DcRycPn0anucBAPL5fKBBb7Va6hh2a1Devf/++3Bdt2sAOira7TY2NzeRzWbVs6X05xhJMtBcrVZx5coVfPzxx1heXkYmk8Hi4iLOnTsHdAKyvu9jZ2cHly9fxvPPPw/btvH3v/8d99xzDzY3N409747rutjZ2cHFixeRTCZ7nljQ3SN/MKDZbOKNN94IrGs2mzh9+jSOHj2K1dVVzMzMIJ1OH8i+77AZ1L++9957+NnPfhZY9swzz8C2bfzhD3/o+4wJ0+rqamiA5OjRo6rfPSzOnTunnj0og+YJ4xkrzWYTc3NzOH78OJ577jl1QSPKs5R++tOfAp0LW+vr66jX61heXg69FWccNZtNfPDBB32De6bdtiPNzo8/vPrqq/jd7343sD/fa7/fbDaxs7MTCLzS4aZfZNc9/PDDQITzCBoN/cY1YcL625FmTmk6yOS0xkEvffqanKKtT1tNJpOBaY+u63bdMiXfl8lk1LKw6ZJhy3TmZ4ke0zMzmUzgs8Km7d5tnucFbh2T3yNsKiD63MooOu8101w3KF2jchwnMI21122U/b6LZO4rjLyV7m5PgTTrRFjdCJu2Lad6yvoSdoucTCv9vY7jhN4WGPZ+c1mUOio/M2x6ethnl0qlrtscB4mad2HlwLxFTj92M90POs/zAunsOI5An9v8AHSltfkemedh+wir62Ft5CC1Wk3dxqqXpbBb5CTHcfrW+XGxl/SWwvJPJ/cNQFiW1fcWllarpdogvT8cN4PSdJBB/avopLV5O4dsix3HUXWoVqsJy7KEbdt9b/2Q7zPJtuAwkd9XtvO+74tkMhloW+RtiPl8XrVrclmUsqvvM5lM9k3bceNotz33GrP1E6UdkW2SzMNB6R/W70dhjpvp7ova3/Vqh83HIJjL+/VxNBp2M64RPfrbUXcoZzA5jqNmCOkvOZtBJ2dnTE1Nqds5rl+/HthmcXERR44cCSybmppCMpnE6upqYPluzM/Pw/d9/Pa3vzVXdSmXyyiXy+p2kh/+8IfmJndVu93GlStX1JW3Yf3617/Gm2++aS7eV/V6HfF4fF+uHEXd1+XLl3HhwoUDMwVSrx+u6wbW/f73v8fi4mLgdrKLFy8CQN8pvqlUCrZtd92OlNjjLyNEqaPSV77yFXORekinPnNleXkZp06dCmw3SJS8azabuHbtWlc5SCQSmJ6eRiwWw8zMDKrVqvr1JQCYnp7uSq+DqN1u45133gnM4pKzmC5fvqxtGaQ/0BQAvvvd7wIhtwb2S9thpVIpbG5uwrKswC9ZPvDAA5ibm0MsFlMzThOJBHK5HKrVKubm5jjr6TZKpVIQQqBUKmFiYgI//vGPe/7azuTkJF5++WXk83msrq4eijpzEEXpX99//30cP348MCPjP//zP4FO/ZUzdVOpFH7+85/D9311a8goazQa2NnZQTKZVO18PB7Hr371K6AzExgA/vjHPwIAvv/976t27cyZM3AcJ1LZ/eyzz2DbNvL5PK5fv450Oj3wPeNgfn4eZ8+e3fVMIV2UdkR0Zks7joOLFy8G7mow9er3o7h06RK+//3vm4vpEHvsscdg2zZ++ctfqrsCGo2GuhVYPiaERtduxjXo0d+OukMZYNqter2ORCKBd999F2fPnoXjOOYmoc/MGaYgrK+v4+LFi/jNb34TaT/tzs8eJpNJ3H///fjNb35jbnJXXb58Gb/97W8jfZdByuUyXnrppUi3mpkKhUIgIBIL+QladNLz6tWrWFhYMFftWtR9NRoN3H///QNvsbpbnn76aXMRPM/rCtQKIQZ+h70Gk3qJUkd7SaVScBxHBULq9Tq++MUv7iqYETXv3n///dBtNjY2utJwYWEB29vb6u/dHM/dcvnyZVy/fj1Qv+SvrS0uLva83cAkbzm90+LxOFzXDZxQzM7OduXN9vY2FhYWIpd3Gl42m1W3Q7711lvm6gB5IcMMUNJgUfvXd999t+sWOnnrh1l/5a0f4/C8MvmMRfPZP/K5G7Jt+ec//wlojwSQ5K8G9Su7jUYDzz77LN544w28/PLLqFQq8H0fx48fj9zGjiI5ljOfcbJXg9qRVCqFjY0N2LatfnkxTK9+fxB5W6lZRuhwm5ycxO9+9zscPXoU09PTSCQSqFar2N7ejvwYDRoNUcc1Yf3tqBv5AFO983PXFy5cQLlc7tlx9XpWi2VZ5qKBms0mfvjDHyKfz0e+4vGDH/wAm5ub+Nvf/oYzZ850PTzublpaWsKpU6e6gkupVAqWZXU9a0kOEsyfZ0Qn8Pbggw/uuQF++OGH4Xle4HXfffcFtmm321hbWwt9yJoMXJj3SMu/5UBa6rcvXaPRwN///vc9DULulFQq1VX+33nnncDf6HznsKCdrt1u44tf/KK5eE+i1tF+9FlMKysr+NGPfmRu0tNu8u7NN9/c1XMhDpN2u41Lly4FniEnX57nqWcoRfHpp5+ai+6Ye++9d9/KJu2veDwOx3EwMTFhrgqQfc0XvvAFcxX1EbV/1Z+zppPPJjT7R8mcqajLZDKhz1qqVqu7umBwt8mHPZvjGkm2LfLZk736yn5l9xe/+EXgavaJEyfwxz/+Eb7v47/+67/MzcfGhQsXcPHixcAFjrm5OaAzC3i3PwYRtR05ffp03zZpr/3+22+/jRdffNFcTCNgampKXVjc3t7Gww8/DN/38frrr5ub0ogbNK7p1d+OupEPMMmBUr+MzWQyuH79etdAod1ud73PvLpk/o3O/mzbDvwSWaPR6Nq/rlqt4qmnnuoK4txtS0tLOHnyZM/jymazuHbtWiAdZJqfPHlS2/Lzwe+Xv/zlgYPfflKpFGZnZwMvfWaIDAj1GgxMTU3Btu2uweOVK1dg23YguDFoX5IMUEQNJh4U3/3ud3H9+vWu24Nee+21wC+qmJrNJq5fv76raLxePswHJEapo4Pos5g2Nzcj58Vu8k7eOjFM+T3ILl++jNOnT4fW9VOnTsGyLPzyl78MbfNM7733Xld9ulM++ugj9YuXdPC022088sgj5uKARqMBx3FGtq7dDrvpX9fW1kLb229+85uwLKvrwoMMGPf7BS3ZH+jjHPn/Z555Ri076CYnJ+E4DqrVaqCtk/+X3/M73/kOAOAPf/iD2gad/m3QLIZ//vOf6iHiktz+bgbn7zbP81Cr1QIveWt/sVgMfQxGP1HbkVu3buH48ePmYmDIfn9xcbFvnaHR0Gg08MQTT+xqUgGNln7jml797cgzH8p0kMkHqPV62GQmk+l68Jp86KJ8aG2pVBK2bYtkMimKxaLwfV9sbW0Jy7JEMpkMPKzRsqzAQ2ld11UPcKtUKiKfz4tkMiksyxK1Wk20Wi3heV7X+0Tn4cnygXLymPSHgsnPb7Vawvf9wGcNenjY7dBqtYTruiKfzwvP8wIv/QGM8sFl8oHP8oGg5sPvisWiyGQyXfvKZDJdD9prtVoqXcPyuRff99VDe/VXPp8PPJBaPpxNlgmZH/px7GZfYdu5rntX8k1oDzJGj4cqS63OQ63ReTir18lbT8s7r/OAzWKxqMpmMpkMpIG+H/3hykKrs67rilqtJvL5vKqnpVJJ+L4fqY7KbXo9sFNo+Ro13Xebd7IujCJZb8Meoi7JB9K6rhuol+g85FDWH5kP+gNRZZ6b6SrLjtmmh7WRJtluy7LZ6jzYtd93oHC9HloqOj84YVlW6MNO+7XVlUpFOI4jSqWSyh/Xdbt+WCCTyXQ9VDqTyXTtb1z0S1Pf91V90dv23fSvolOXw5YLo80W2sOo9bLR6vT7ZplwHCcwjkmG/MjJYaCPCfWya34XOU6TbY5sR/W0le2hnn5m+9bSxo5mno87OQbR0zSsTYrSjujjOn2s3+8h6/36/bBjk2T7RwdPv/5O6tcOS7VaLXCuRqMv6rhG16+/HWWHJsCEkF/Eko2D7MDNl+g0Ek7nV0wcxxG+74t8Pt91MrW1taW2Q+dE1jw5lwMmuS+5b3ny3Os45KtWq6kOSb7kdyiVSsKyLHXC5Pu+6kB7NW63k/yeYS/zFzH0tLNtu6uhlb/mEfZKGr90E5aG/ToBSaaX+V75Mn/9o1KpqKCIWfmj7kv+0l+v193IN70My1e/QY7v++rk3woJDLY6J+0yrcLy1/w8syGV+7dtW2xtbQmvE8iS9W9QHTXrTL/v028woNtL3pkndaPCrHNmGRAheQzt2oTME72M6PXNLJP6/sP2GTW/9XKDTpttlj0azMwfmQ+SrCu29kuJIqTcwMjbra0tVSZkPoYF/2TfJz/D87zQ+jcOBqWp7JtkOold9q9yH3bIL37q9P4xrM1vdQLDZsBfDrbR6U/yEX6d66DSxzX9vovXCQzJ9DbboFon6GSmYbFYDNSPsDEnhQdxwtqkKO2I2WfIwKm5na5fv1/sXIg281x0go9h7R3dXYP6OxGhHZbrbdsWruv2LB80eqKOa6Qo/e2oionPB/lERIdao9HA0tLSwIex0/6KxWLwPG/gc8rocCsUCpFuN6Hbr16v4y9/+cvA27eJRhnbJCKig2nkn8FERONhaWmJJ1xEt0G73caNGzd4IndArKysdD3jkGicsE0iIjq4GGAiokMrl8shnU5jfn4eN2/e5GDzDpMP8b1x44a5ikZEo9HA2toazp8/b66iO6zZbGJpaQkvvPBC6MP4icYB2yQiooONt8gR0aGVzWaxurqKfD6Pn/70pzzpuoMKhYL6CWmJ3QkRERER0fhigImIiIiIiIiIiIbCW+SIiIiIiIiIiGgoDDAREREREREREdFQGGAiIiIiIiIiIqKhMMBERERERERERERDYYCJiIiIiIiIiIiGwgATERERERERERENhQEmIiIiIiIiIiIaCgNMREREREREREQ0FAaYiIiIiIiIiIhoKAwwERERERERERHRUBhgIiIiIiIiIiKioTDAREREREREREREQ2GAiYiIiIiIiIiIhsIAExERERERERERDYUBJiIiIiIiIiIiGgoDTERERERERERENBQGmIiIiIiIiIiIaCgMMBERERERERER0VAYYCIiIiIiIiIioqEwwERERERERERERENhgImIiIiIiIiIiIbCABMRUR/pdBqxWAzpdNpcRSOiXC4jFoshFouh2Wyaq4mIiIiIKAIGmIiIQhQKBQDAwsKCuYpGhMzjbDYLx3HM1UREREREtAsMMBERGThbafSVy2VcunTJXExERERERHvEABPtm3Q6zRPzQ0Te+qW/+uXfbre/HXK5XODz94O+v2aziUQigWq1irm5ua7vJ9Mgl8sFlh9W8tawO3lbmJmGe83TQcdeKBR67rdQKGBmZga+73ftY21tLfQ9o25Qeprq9XogfcPqRFib0Wv7RCKh1iUSicC6cRSLxdQMu92SeVmv1wPL9zvPwuj5GGX7g8hsO/RXr7KZy+V6rgsT9hlR6964aLfbKBQKOHLkCGID6kO73e5Kz7A8W19f71ovX3p5bTabyGazgXXtdlutj0rmMx0s/eprlHbSpL+n135pNMm8L5fL5qrA+HbsyoUg2ge+7wsAAoDwfd9cTQeYbdsq73rln+/7wnGcwHZ3i34cw9C/t+T7vvA8TwAQnuepZXK7Wq2mPn8UyO8iv+udINPddV21bDd56rpuoByGlVe5Ta1WE0Lbv9y2VqsJAMK2bfUeuY3ruqJUKgkAolQqqfWjKkp6mmT6mC89T/V6E/aSeSOEUMuEljdRj2WU6N8de6yX+j70NN7vPAsDrU7JfTmOY2524Jl9ov4y80TfVm9P+pF1Tt8+ahqPi62tLWFZlnAcR1QqFdFqtcxNAorFonAcR3ieF3glk0lRLBbVdplMRriu27WdZVlia2tLCCFEq9VS/UCtVlP5pdeVKLa2tlS+0sEwqL5GaSd1ept5GNs6Go6e/+Z40Rx3yrI3Lsbnm9JtpZ+kmAMwOthc1w2c4Id1pPpJt3zdLbsJRvQi3x92Aiu/pxlgkoOHUQkw6SeiYQOtOylqnprBkLA8DAseyaChXrbNbfTBwLgEmKKkZxg93cygiHy/PDkzua4beL88Bn1wLgdi4zRgN9MRe+xL9ffr6b+feRZG5qN+zDIfw/Z5UPmdiwwm2Sbo9cMMRA1KI2GckOjtUVj6jStZPvXA0CC90s2yLJVnsm03bW1tBfIuLKCVTCZ31R61Wi2RyWREMpkUGNCv0Z0Rpb5GaSfN9WH7ofGglym9bZH9hd5mjFsbz1vkaF8sLi6q/8/NzQXWIWTKqT6dUJ9Sr9On6uu3Kpn7KpfLgWW99hELuWUgbJte24/yVMdnnnlG/V/PS6nZbOLo0aPm4oBmsxlIOzONzFsCms2mWmbeitZvPzo938199CL3V6vVEI/HzdWRHfbbGVZWVtT/fd8Pnd5r1rWwPOy1bVi91Ot61PzSLSwsQAgB13XNVcrVq1fNRbj//vuBHmW7n48//thcNFKipKep2Wxic3NT/Z1KpULff/ToUaRSKXMxNjc3cfr06cDfpuPHjwMAqtWquWpkpVIpCCFQq9XMVZElEonQvNjvPAsTlo+yrdXbmsNgdnbWXIQPPvgAjuME+ozt7W0IIWDbdmDbqBYXF7v6EdlWjat2u40nnngCnufhzJkz5uqewvJsfX0dtm2rPIvH48hms+ZmePvtt5HJZNTfJ06cwOTkZGCbnZ0dfPe73w0s6+fcuXN46aWXuvZDd8+g+hq1nURn2+npaaCzXxo/6XRajVVMH3zwgbkIDzzwAACMzbM/GWCioZXLZXieF/gVJvNkNZVKBQbOruuqjn57exu2bePzi6+fS3Seg+P7PnzfR7VaVSekqVQKpVJJbfvxxx/jwoULqtOQA7ZYLIZ4PA4hBDzPAwBMT08HBnTyc1zXDZxoyeORg+10Oo3FxUXUajUIIeD7ft/Ax2GTzWYDna6ef+VyORCAClMul2Hbtkof27bh+34giDA7OxvorNfW1nDjxg1A66BlkAqfX/KD67pd+9FduHABvu8DnZNRs9yZyuUyfN+HbduYnp4OBE7GzebmZqAeLS8vB9YjpK5dunQJQgi1zLZtVZ/MbcPq5Z0YiF25csVcFBAWZKbo4vF4V2BWDpzMkzlTvV6H7/s4efKkuSpA7g8jEMi9U9LpNJaXlwNpJ93uPGs2m6odDhMWfDqowtIAnWDQoH4wing8Hhgr2baNQqGAxcXFwLhoXJ07dw47OzuAdkEikUhgfX3d3HSg9957Dz/72c/MxV1WV1dx6tQpczHQCVKl02lkMpnIAa/19XVMTU1hamrKXEUHWNR2EgBeeeUVtVy/sMbxxXjI5XJ45pln8Mgjj5irgAF9nu/7YzGuYYCJhnb27FmcPHkyMPjqdbIqAwz6lbt6vY4LFy6o7QqFAnzfV1cLZaNerVZDK+WlS5ewsbGhrrDG43EVaJCfo18V/Mc//gFoA2cAqpGQ//q+rzqKcrmMarUK27ZVwEkGUEapM9GvUOv5t7y8PHDQK7eX+SiDb/0CCjdu3MDCwgIcx1Hby4cpynLy9NNPB95j2tjYCPwddtVAd/bsWaBzfHqgZG5uLvCT9XJZLpdTxyQDWHJWRZQHPx5UhUIBp0+fDuRrr/qlk/mrv29tbU3b4l/C6uWd0K/M6WTwUs62kvm6tramysnc3NzANKF/BfUGzXJZWVnpGqjLuj9Os5X2W6FQwKOPPho6+6iXYfLMJPvUUSXHE4Nm8Ua1sbERCDLNzc3Btm0sLCwEthtH8mLV1772NWxvb8P3fViWhccffxyNRsPcvKd2u41yuYzHHnvMXBVQr9dhWVZo+S4UCnj88cdRrVaxuroaabzXbDbx1ltvRQ5G0cEW1k42m001G/r06dOBi9PT09ORygkdXrI/6Hde1O+Cy7hggImGUq/Xcfz4ccSNqcfVajW0kdUDBvLEdGVlJfBe2aBXq9XA7TUAcO3aNfV/STb8s7OzahaUPhAMGzjshgxayJPRWCymGo+w23EOK32Kucy/ZrMZKf0effRRYJdpLcvCxsaGChSZJ5nythEzkLQX+lV2ebz6zC192qr4/Pl0WFhYwMbGhvo7m82q/+/HMd0tly5dUvmtzyqTV+WikOnWa8ZQWL08SOTtYWa+zs7Oqqn0Qohdlelx1Gw2Ua1W4ThO6G0qusXFxa6Ahn5hImwGItO/v3K5jBs3bgxMe92weTZulpeXu26PG5YZTJLji3HWaDSws7ODZDKJEydOAJ36/6tf/QoAsLS0ZLyjt/fffx/Hjx8feIvaysoKnn32WXMx0Om7Wq0WPM/DzZs38cQTTwy84JDL5fDGG2+Yi+kQ6tVO6uchDz/8MADghRdeUMsO2y3BFF29Xsfy8nJX+03dGGCioVy4cCEQNJK3oqFHI5tKpUJP6HVyBoLduU1Nf4VFjMOeWRDv3BonhEAikcDMzIxa98knnwDGscggkvxXn62kDyjM4xk0OD9s9GDDysoK1tbWAh1nLzKI8PTTTyMWi6lAUb8o/n333Rf4e9DAbVi9rrLLGRT9jnWUlMvlwH3jev7u9hlF/YTVyzthlG5dPQxyuRxs2x4YcJUXHMxbrbLZrJpJODMzg1gspp7j1+v5F/Qvy8vLWFxcVBc/9GcgTk9Phwbths0zk9mWj5pqtbovt8dJ6XQatnFLuXSYZ8YO67PPPgMAfOMb3wgsDxuLDfLuu+/iySefNBd3GTTLaXJyErOzs1hYWMDOzg7ef/99cxOlUCjg+eefHxjUosOhVzsZ9mxGPfi8m3JKh8vKykpg8oN+bjkzM6PuhNDb9HHFABPtmYzu68+y0Qe3vU5W5dVQ3/dRKBR63gY17Am/fCDx8ePHA8+G0W1vb8N1XTVAl89B6HWbzah3HGaw4caNG5Gv2iYSCUxPT6NWqwWm/0fFDvrOME9IzY4w7IT0MBlUXndzGxH1VygUUK1We7aXupWVlZ6zQPQZZHq7HyW4TbuzX3mmG7S+14NQD4Mot0PsRr1eVxdgZFukP69jnPu+Bx98EOgzK/aLX/yiuShUu93G5ubmwDxbX19XM/AHkfu69957zVXK3NwcHn/8cdW36hfbYmP6rMfDajftJJGp34XOQbecjwoGmGjP1tbWUCqVumb16MGFsA5Vvxp66dKlrhM+fTC615Pdcrmsgl39TlLkbWD68ZtTH+XtVOjzvJlRETceQNrrAXamdDqtnptl5uduyM+uRnge0G7pM9bCBrDjMFtCpqlZZ/UArHz+0CDm7YYHRa+ANcYkj/dbuVxWJ0vm8rm5OQjj9sdeMzCiPiRZ1tFhf+VxVMkHH8u+Vb+FV2g/aIFOGuon2fuVZ/LijT6I7le3+tXJg255ebnvdxtE/kqtTGM5g1oXj8e7Av3jaHJyEo7joFqtot1uq+Xy/1FmJKEzThsUXAKAt956K/I+5TH0ew5XrVbreiWTSbVu0ExAOhgGtZN6PoY9JiOszaTRoD9awRw7l0oldVdLvzIwNrecC6I9KJVKwrZtc7EQQoharSYAqFetVjM3EY7jCACiVCqZq4Tv+4H3S67rqn2VSiW1Pmwfruuq9b7vB/7Wt9c/x3z5vh+6nVzueV7oZx82rusG/tbzT9crX4SWPo7jBP42tzPzxaR/ttyX6OxPkmVHLtOPy/wuJr3cyLLU73hGjf69TbZth6ajnmayzuvL9HQbVC9FSFkRIXk6iH6sYd9HljO5Tu5/HPJ4L/qlZ1i5MNt4/eV5XuD9QisX/eifM8755HleV3pLev3qlU76+/W83M8861VeoLURsl3W6/lhI7+DWSd0/frFXuvMdNfzJixPx8nW1pawLEskk0nRarVEq9USrusGylGlUhGWZfUsW8lksm+eCSFEq9USlmWJVqtlrhKe54lMJiMqlYoQnXxMJpNdfZqsa/0+S/Y9dDD0qpNS1HZSH8vq7+t1XkSjqd+Y1xx3yn5zXIzPN6V9o58MwhgE641ur23EgMGrCOkE9Mob1gGYA2RzG33QjZDgQq+XzlxnfuZhY+aj3jjath34fvoJhf6SAzwz3/X0lh2umQfoMTAz8w5aPpifE3Zcg/IlrGyNOvPEVP/OYemtb6O/18xD/WQobD9mXpj55bpuaJ72YpZZ/WUy90vdoqSnGfAIK0v6K6xOO47T82Qw7DPHUb901dtmfXlYMCIswNRv3/p2un55Jj8jrK7q+zX7/cNGfs9ezHSULz3dZB0z08JsC/t9zrjZ2tpS6WZZlsjn84FAUKVSEeiUP7Ps+r4fWi5NpVKpK0+kUqkkLMtSn5/JZLo+RwghisWisCwrdJ3EANPBYdY3s77utp00t+/VXtLo6hdgEsYYK0q7NEpi4vNKRzSWms1m36npvu/zNg0aa+VyWT3IsFQqRbr1gEaPvCVr1H7Y4LCKxWLg8I3GWaFQgOM4mJqaMlcREdFdxGcw0diSwaWw50j1eig4EdG4KZfLuHTpEoNLB0QikWAfRWOt3W7jxo0bDC4RER1ADDDR2JI/W//BBx+Yq9SDPTl7iYjGWaFQwPLyMn9N54CIxWJYXl7mTEIaW41GA2trazh//ry5ioiIDgDeIkdjrV6vY3p62lzMW4GIetQPx3GwsbERWEZERERERMQAExERERERERERDYW3yBERERERERER0VAYYCIiIiIiIiIioqEwwERERERERERERENhgImIiIiIiIiIiIbCABMREREREREREQ2FASYiIiIiIiIiIhoKA0xERERERERERDQUBpiIiIiIiIiIiGgoDDAREREREREREdFQYkIIYS4cRiwWMxcREREREREREdEI2/cAExERERERERERjRfeIkdERERERERERENhgImIiIiIiIiIiIbCABMREREREREREQ2FASYiIiIiIiIiIhoKA0xERERERERERDQUBpiIiIiIiIiIiGgoDDAREREREREREdFQGGAiIiIiIiIiIqKhMMBERERERERERERDYYCJiIiIiIiIiIiGwgATERERERERERENhQEmIiIiIiIiIiIaCgNMREQh0uk0yuWyuZhGTL1eRyKRMBcTEREREdEuMcBERIfC+vo6crkc0um0uWrf5HI59W+1WjVX05AKhQImJibQbrcBAO12G+VyGUeOHEGhUDA3v23K5TLq9TqazSamp6fN1UREREREtAcMMFFP9XodR44cQSwWQywWQy6XQ7PZNDdDu91GNptFLBbDxMQElpaWzE3QbDbVNrFYDOl0GvV63dwMADA/P4+JiQnEYjHMz8+rk9EolpaWkEgk1LEUCoXQ9zcaDfXdEolE6LFE3Rc6aZXL5e7oSfJ+ajabWFpaUuk+aOZOu91W28r8vN3uuecebG5umov3pFwuI51OB469Xq+r/S8sLMBxHONdo+3IkSM9y/ftdM899+D69evm4lB6nUwkElhfXzc3ATr5K7dLp9Nd7dbZs2cBAPF4HLVaLbBuHMn6ENYO9qL3D7J9HKRQKCAWi5mLgU4bND8/j2w2a64aK/uRDr3SudFoBPrhXC4XWucLhUKkehamXq+r/cvXbsrVQbC+vt71HfQ0k6KOkcKsr6+rNO6XF+MgSpmPMmbrp91uo1AoqH2Y7ZW8+BEb0J5FOdZe5JhDvu7EuIm6DervdjP2R6dM5HI59Z5e+6XREqU+j0J/uGeCKMTW1pawLEvk83nheZ5wHEcAELZti1arpbZrtVrCtm3huq5otVrqfZ7nhW7jeZ5wXVcAEADE1taW2k4IITKZjEgmk8L3fdFqtUQymRSO4wS26aVYLArbtoXnecLzPGHbtgAgMplMYLutrS0BQBSLRSGEEKVSSQAQtVpNbRN1X0IIUavVRKVSEQAC34w9xXQAAHi/SURBVPsw0vO5H8/zeubh7eQ4TuTyEEaWKdu2RalUEr7vC9HJQ/l9ZFlwHEeUSiWV94c9b/uRdaBUKpmr7ogo6VsqlUQ+nxe1Wi2QLzIPpWKxKCzLUvXZdV1hWZZqt+T7AAjXdUWtVlPlQS4fJ5VKRdVnvQ3sZ2trS7iuKyqViqhUKqrd6Fd+ZLsblr6+74tKpSJs2x6qfh92+5EOvdLZ931hWZbq97a2toRt2yKZTAb69Hw+r/pg+fegvNU5jqP6Tc/z1OcdJplMRo1X9JdlWaq/izpGClOpVAJtVKvVUmOfcROlzEcZs/Uj88pxHFGpVLryxyzzvu8L27ZFPp8PbBflWHupVCoik8kEytOdHDvR5wb1d7sZ+wutLMqxBI2HqPV5FPrDveoe6RF1AghmJ5zJZLoGmjJYpG9bLBYFtBO/UqnUVfHkNq7rqmWyoa5UKmqZHFhEGdyagwEZ2NKPRXROMM2BXCaTEbYWVIm6Lx0inCQfdI7jiGQy2TfN9cAfQk4Wb6dhAkytVktYlqWCoSYZaJDk9/N9X5RKpT1/7mFg27awLCvw/e+kKHXHLI8yqKsP6nzfFwC66q/Md8m2bfW+Wie4KNfr68aFTIOo39vMi1ar1TcP9RPofm3GMPV7lOw1Hfqls+u6Xf2eeWFE1h+9DxZCiGQyGQjS9lIqlQ79AFq29yYZkJOijpHCZDKZrvyVdXBc9SvzUcZsvch07VcuzYuiopO/vY6n37H24jhOV3mhu6Nff2eOHfqN/b1O0DlsPzTaotTnUegPh8Fb5CjU7OwsJicnA8t+8pOfAABu3bqllpXLZTiOE9j2W9/6FgBgbW0NAJDNZjE1NaXWA8CZM2cAADdv3lTL3n33XQDAiRMn1LKpqSlYloXl5WW1rJeXX3458Pfk5CROnz4NAPjss8+AzjRr3/fx1FNPBbY9duwYfN9XUxej7GtU/exnPwO024hMly9fVtuY2u02crmcmmqeSCQCt9vJWwnT6TQajQYSiQQSiYSafhz1Fg75OfIzotyW8IMf/ABHjx7FwsJCV9nupVQqIR6PAwC2t7fN1SNhfX0dx48fx89//nP4vh96e6R8VlI6nUahUAjcgqbnUbvdVtPL6/U65ufnEYvFsLS0hEajoW5/3QvzloRPP/0Utm3jwQcfVMvef/99AMB3vvMdbUvg+PHjWFxcDCzT2baNhYUF9fcnn3wSWE9BZl7IPqHXbaXnzp3DSy+9FLne0d70S+dyudy1XPa1V65cAbT6c8899wS2e+qpp7Czs4O//vWvgeWms2fP4qWXXkI2mw1tRw6DeDzeVb4B4O2330Ymk1F/Rx0jhbFtG9euXUOj0VDLPvnkEySTycB2FH3MFqbdbuOJJ56A53lqzBnGtm288847gbHGjRs38NBDDwW226tyuYxqtYp0Oo35+flI4xW6O6KO/ev1Oubm5vAf//EfSKVS2jto1EWtz6PQHw6DASbatcceewzoNLA7OztdnbAMJslBaz9PPvmk+v/q6mroAOvo0aNDPXDZtm11THI/X/va1wLbfPWrXwUAXL16NbDcpO9rVH3lK1+B67rwfb/r2RvtdhuXLl0KHYCjc4KzubmJ69evo9VqIZlMYmZmJjBw29zcRLvdRrVaxYsvvgjLsnDr1i00Gg0cO3YMx44dgxAClUoFi4uLOHfuXOAz2u021tbWcP78efi+j5s3b+KVV14JbGOSHcJDDz206+fGjLrXX38dL7zwAk6dOgXLskIDi/KEqVqt4sqVK/j444+xvLyMTCYTyKNbt27h1q1b8H0fKysr+Pa3vw3HcXDr1i189tln8H0fOzs7xt53p9lsolAo4NVXX8Xvfve7wEne73//ewAIBJ0A4Bvf+AbQabNo/8jAYyaTQalUCm0b19fXMTU1FbqO9s+gdO5V7xzHUf1ir8DIww8/DAzoH5vNJk6fPo2jR49idXUVMzMzSKfToRcIDqPV1VWcOnXKXBxKjpF6+elPfwp0giTr6+uo1+tYXl7GxsaGuenYG2bMdu7cOVXu+z1T7Fe/+hWuX7+uLnzJ54iawYZhuK6LnZ0dXLx4EclkcixPOA8zc+z/zDPPwLZt/OEPf1AXVGX5odE3qD6Pen8YBQNMFNnVq1eRz+fVjA7p3nvvDfwdRb1eRzKZ7ApUmFcEh3XlyhW8/vrr5uKuK7RR9NrXKHrhhReATvBBd/nyZXU1J8zNmzeRTCYRj8cxOTmJH/3oRwCgrnynUikkEgns7OxgdnYWZ86cwYcffoh4PI5f/OIXyGaz6krjiRMnYFlWYJabdObMGUxOTiIej+Po0aM9ryBIcnbc//pf/wsbGxtotVrIZrOYm5sLfSj9uKjX64jH4yq/es1i0q/qP/TQQ5idnUUqlVIzGBcXF9FsNhGPx9XJ6COPPIITJ05gY2NDbS8DPcOwbRtzc3O4fv063n777dAOe7/bEQr3gx/8ADMzM7h+/TqWl5e76mGz2cRbb73Vd/YADS9KOstZM2Z92d7ehmVZAID7778fCDlplzP6+vX18Xgcs7Ozqn3N5/OoVqt47rnnzE0PnXq9DsuyusY+pl5jJNPk5CSuX78O27bx+OOP49/+7d/w29/+lu1WH3sZs5XLZdi2ja997WvY3t6G7/uwLAuPP/54IBCQSqVQq9Xg+z6+/vWvo9FoBGa0DiubzWJhYQHb29uo1WqYmJjAzMwMgxGHhDn2l7PqEokEvv/97+PmzZuo1Wq4du0avve973W1sTRaotTnUe4Po2KAiSJpt9u4cuWKuvI2rF//+td48803zcX7Sp4867fc7dV+7uswiMfjcF0X1Wo1MOvjnXfe6XsVt1wuo1wuq19a+eEPf2huAnSuJppWV1fxwAMPBJbdvHmzK9gRNggf1KFvbm7Csixks1lMTk5icnIS58+fh2VZ+Pd//3cAwH333Qff99XtedVqFTMzMygUCpiZmYHv+6G/EnGYXbhwQQUTAahZTK+++mpgO515kvnd734XAPCPf/wjsPwrX/lK4O/9IoRArVaD4zi4ePEiXnvtNXOTgRKJBKanp9W/Mm/T6TR838fMzAxnO0WwsbEB3/dVW6HfQgQAuVwOb7zxRmAZ7b8o6fziiy9iZ2cH586dQ7vdVrPPfN/H8ePHgc7MG9u28ctf/lKV/0ajoW5Rl7e/DzI5OYmXX34Z+Xweq6urXYHHw2ZlZQXPPvusuThgt2Okzz77DLZtI5/Pq9kzhz2dDpJGo4GdnR0kk0k1bovH4/jVr34FdH4pTPfJJ5/AdV11waTX7fnDSqVSajxiHgMdPGFj///8z/8EOmMfOasplUqpC3TyVmMafVHq86j1h1ExwESRXL58ed+usJXLZbz00ks9p/L3I39+edBPPrbbbVy9enVfrkLt574OExl4uHDhAtDJt6eeeqpvGWi325ifn0cymcT999+P3/zmN+Ymt8Wgn7nf2dnB0aNHA8smJydx9OhR+L4PdAafnR8+CLxmZ2fV/0fpFoZ6vY5qtQrbtlVd+tKXvoSdnR1cv349tF6Fkbcq3EmpVAobGxuwbbvvs5V62djYgBAC29vbgbyVy4UQfK5CRPF4HAsLC3BdF9evX1dX8QqFAp5//vm+7QUNL2o6nzlzBp7noVwu40tf+hKee+45/PnPfwa0W9UnJyfxu9/9DkePHlUB2Gq1iu3t7a5bRKKQwRYz+HzYlMvlgbe97WaM1Gg08Oyzz+KNN97Ayy+/jEqlogJ9tyOoMY7k83LMWbOyXddP8srlMt599128/PLL2NjYgOd5WFxcvG2zDeQFvHE50Tyseo395a3E5thHzt7++OOPA8tptEWtz6PSH0bFABMNtLS0hFOnTnUNnFKpFCzL6nrWkjwxffTRRwPL0XlOxIMPPhg6UM1kMqHPWqpWq+rhsQ8//DA8zwu87rvvvsD27c4zemZnZwPLoT2E1rwFQP4tOwip375GnTmL6dVXX+07ewmdW2Y2Nzfxt7/9DWfOnNn1tPaPPvrIXNQ1g2kvkslkaNkCoG4PGTcXLlxArVbrCqjVajW1PopPP/3UXHTHnD59OvDQcDmbygyOyTaKQaPb5+mnnwYAfOELXwAAzM3N4fHHHw9cDJB1MBaL8fln+2Q36Tw7O4ubN29CCIFyuYw//elPXbeqT01NBQKwDz/8MHzf77pdOgo5ZpBl4jCSP4LQ77a3XmOkXn7xi1/g+PHjavsTJ07gj3/8I3zfx3/913+Zm4+13Y7ZJPkcPnN8Kn3xi19U/8/lcup2fnTqSbFYxOrq6m0L+N17772BY6CDpd/YXz4PzCyTkjnLm0ZflPo8Cv3hbjDARH0tLS3h5MmTPQdO2Wy267kOstE9efKktuXnA7Uvf/nLocElaFdR9ZND+f9nnnkG6Jwgzs7OBl76wE92Cr2eRTE1NQXbtrsGHVeuXIFt24ET0EH7GgdyFtMTTzwxcPYSOsHAKNuFcRwHq6urgfxvt9vqKvsw5C/QmA/3bLfbXc8BGwcyjcMCLqlUSj341wzUhHnvvfe66s6dcuvWLXV7D7SH6+oDv3a7jWvXrsF1XbWM9p/8VT/ZHtdqta6X/BGHWq3W1T/Q3phpHDWdc7kcrl27htXVVXOV0mg08MQTTyCfz+/p9vBGowHHcXr2+YfBW2+9FfgxEtOgMVKYf/7zn10PXZdpdDcD9gfRbsZsusnJSdWP6eNT+X89T3d2drrSXc5O6fXg+2F99NFH6lcH6WAZNPb/5je/Ccuy8M477wSWyzI0aLYjjZ4o9XkU+sNdEUQhWq2WcF1X5PN54Xle4OU4jmi1Wmo7y7KE67pCCCFqtZqwLEt4nhfYX7FYFJlMpmtfmUxG1Go1tZ3jOCKZTIpWqyV83xfJZFI4jhPYVy++7wvHcbo+I5/Pq+MTnWMEIEqlkhCdYwMQOI6o+9K3BxD5WA+iVqslbNsWxWIxsDyTyQjLslSei873tSxLABBbW1tquWVZgfxzXVcAEMViURSLRfUZ5vuEli+WZalyl0wm1XbyveaxJJNJASCwzNRqtUQymRSWZan9FYvFrn2NA1mvwsqxlM/nBQCRTCaF7/tqucwfWVdknlUqFbWNrE+ZTEYtkzKZTFfeb21t9dxe0uujPJ5isajKms7zPJXPsh0bx3zejVKpJAB0tdtCCFGpVIRlWYG2LZPJCNd1VT7WajVh23ZXnTY5jiN6DTv0OjrOedUvHXzfF7ZtC9u2A/XS1Cudfd8XpVJJ2LbdVbd1tVot0HabWp1+3ywTjuMEykQmk+n6DoeJ/J5h30G2LYPGSLKN1OuWbCNl2rZaLdVuhX3WqOtX5kXEMZvneV3pvLW1FRiTyDwzx2lyjCP35/u+Ks+mQcfqOE5gnTwGOf5ptVoin8+r70J3Xr/+LurYX+5DLpPjqrB90uiIWp9HsT/cre4RCJF20h72yufzgW23trbUgDYsQCFPVsNeyWQysK0cAEALNESpkHrAI+ylnwCLzkmTDHQkk8mu4NJu9iUHNvpL399hEPYdJHmy0W9bORArlUrCsizVAMu0lANu831mOpn5op+whr03bFkvetlCJ6DR6wRrlOnpFTaAlnU5LF3le2Qe2bYdqA9m2dD3b+63VquF5mGYVqsVeL8cyPVqG+TJGsY4n6My88XMg0qlItDJa1kO9Dbdtm3hum6kNJafZQorB+M4UB+UDrI9tW27b/qEpbNc5jhO12BYkp8/KE9bnWC/HhSWbb98f7/6eViUSqWegfioY6Ra56KbOS4qFouqHcUYt1ODyrxkjg3Mvj6fz6uxh04fn/YaU8qTRFl+e20X5VgzmYywbVu91+y7MsZFVbqz+vV3ux3762Uy7NyHRk/U+jyK/eFuxcTnJw1ERER9xWIxeJ4X+lwCGm2FQmG8pncfYPV6HX/5y1963sJBNK6y2ey+PLeRiIj2js9gIiIiop7a7TZu3LjB4NIBsbKy0vPZSkTjqtFodP1qHBER3XkMMBER0UDygd83btwwV9EIazQaWFtbw/nz581VdIc1m00sLS3hhRde2NVDpYlG3fr6Ov76179ydi0R0QHAW+SIiKivQqGAubm5wDJ2HUREREREpGOAiYiIiIiIiIiIhsJb5IiIiIiIiIiIaCgMMBERERERERER0VAYYCIiIiIiIiIioqEwwERERERERERERENhgImIiIiIiIiIiIbCABMREREREREREQ2FASYiIiIiIiIiIhoKA0xERERERERERDQUBpiIiIiIiIiIiGgoDDAREREREREREdFQGGAiIiIiIiIiIqKhMMBERERERERERERDYYCJiIiIiIiIiIiGwgATERERERERERENhQEmIiIiIiIiIiIaCgNMREREREREREQ0FAaYiIiIiIiIiIhoKAwwERERERERERHRUBhgIiIiIiIiIiKioTDAREREREREREREQ2GAiYiIiIiIiIiIhsIAExFRiHQ6jXK5bC6mQ6zZbCIWi5mLiYiIiIhoHzDARESHwvr6OnK5HNLptLlq3+RyOfVvtVo1V9NtkE6nA3nabDZRKBSQSCRQr9cD2+6F3B8A2LZtriYiIiIion3CAJOh3W6jXC4jnU6rk5IwjUYDuVwOExMT5qouhUIBExMTaLfb5qoDrV6v48iRI4jFYojFYsjlcmg2m+ZmaLfbyGaziMVimJiYwNLSkrkJms2m2iYWiyGdTvc8eWw2m5ifn0c2mzVXDbS0tIREIqGOpVAohKZ7o9FQ363XiWyUfbXbbczPz2NiYkLt6zDOemk2m1haWlLfY9B3aLfbaluZn7fbPffcg83NTXPxnsg6rh97vV5X+19YWIDjOMa7xkuz2bwj+dqL7/vmop5kXoaVx1deeUX9fzf7HCeyPoS1g71EaR+l3ew/rG6Ok730f2Y/lE6n0Wg0zM3QaDQC/XAul+uZZ+gcSy6XU/kcJf/045ifn++7/4NqfX090J7oL3kRQiqXyyp90ul06BgpzPr6uhqDyPpDn9PblkQigfX1dXOTLu12uyuv5CuRSAS2jZr2e81bDOiT6O4a1B/tpm/DHttJOryi9rcYkf5wz8Qh5TiOABD6sixLOI4jisWiaLVa5lv7arVaolKpCADC8zxztVKr1UQymRRRktDzPGFZ1q6P5W7a2toSlmWJfD4vPM9T6W3bduB7tFotYdu2cF1XtFot9T497fRtPM8TruuqvNra2lLbCSGE7/uiUqkI27aF4ziBdYMUi0Vh27bwPE94nids2xYARCaTCWy3tbUlAIhisSiEEKJUKgkAolarqW2i7iuTyQjHcYTneSKfzwvLsgL7Pmz0fO7H87yeeXg7OY6z63Kha7VaIplMCtu2RalUEr7vC9Gpz3obUqvVhOM4olQqqbzv1x6MIllPZRrdSTI/9DrZS6VSEZlMRtVVz/NUmdTbGtu2he/7ar9y+d34fgdJpVJR9TlKeotdtI9iF/vvVTfHyV77v3w+L4rFoqjVasLrjDfMNtz3fWFZluqbtra2hG3bIplMho5NZL/oum7ffNNlMhmRTCaF7/sqP3fzPQ6KTCajxiv6y7KsQH9XLBaFZVkqfVzXjTTWq1QqgffJMafruuamY6dUKol8Pi9qtVqg/x3UHhSLRTUW01/JZDIwHoua9nvNWzGgT6K7a1B/tJu+TeyxnaTDLUp/K0aoP9yrwdGRA0yeLMAI8tRqNXViYQ4IokKEE8p8Pt/12aPC87yujjSTyQgAolQqqWUynfVti8ViYEBQKpW68kBuY3bq0l4CCfl8PvC3DGyZgxM5qNZlMplAAxFlX77vdwWSZPAqrLE5DBzHUYFTPZ91ekN5p8v/XsqF1Gq1hGVZKhhqqtVqgXyT38/3fVEqlfb8uYeRPBntV0dvp9ouAkyO44TmpyRPFIXWZ8i8lEHEcbeb9BYR20fdoP0PqpvjZjftnO/7XekaNjZxXber3+t1MU0Oms399iNPtCqVilom+8PDVMdke2+SATlJtiVmXZDluB/btrveJ/NsN2k+isy0l2V0ULqYZViyLKtr/Dco7YfJWxGhT6K7q19/ZOZ5v75tL+0kHW5R+9tR6Q+HcahvkYvH40gmk+ZipFIpLCwsoFQqYWdnB8eOHbst09Luvfdec9HImJ2dxeTkZGDZT37yEwDArVu31LJyuQzHcQLbfutb3wIArK2tAQCy2SympqbUegA4c+YMAODmzZuB5cN4+eWXA39PTk7i9OnTAIDPPvsM6Nwi4Ps+nnrqqcC2x44dg+/7amprlH3F43H1PaSpqSk4jrOv3+tO+9nPfgYAOHv2rLkKAHD58mW1jandbqtbR+XUdP12u3q9rp6j1Gg0kEgkkEgkVP2MeguH/Bz5GVGmrv/gBz/A0aNHsbCw0FW2eymVSojH4wCA7e1tc/XIunz5srpNcHFxMTR928btxPrtBHq+yVt+5G3C6XQaExMTqNfrQz9Xq1wuo1qtIp1OY35+PvQ4w2xsbKj/f/zxx4F1NFiU9nE39lI36XPxeBypVCqwbGdnB5lMJrCsXC53pe2JEycAAFeuXFHL6vU65ubm8B//8R9d++3n3XffBbR9otMfWpaF5eVlbcuDLR6Ph96e+PbbbwfS9P333wcAfOc739G2Ao4fP47FxcXAMp0cg5jjR7mfq1evBpaPGzPtP/30U9i2jQcffDCw3DQ7O2suwvr6OmzbVn141LTfa95iiD6JDoaofdte20k63KL2t6PSHw7jUAeY0Kn8vWSzWWQyGezs7ODy5ctquXkSe+TIkZ73TzYajYHPg5AnTfJkV7//ttFoqJMr3W6O4aB57LHHgE4Du7Ozg4ceeiiwXgaT9EFrL08++aS5aN/Ztq2OST64+Wtf+1pgm69+9atAhMGdvq9+zEHSYfKVr3wFruvC9/2uZx+0221cunSp5/c7d+4cNjc3cf36dbRaLSSTSczMzASCRJubm2i326hWq3jxxRdhWRZu3bqFRqOBY8eO4dixYxBCoFKpYHFxEefOnQt8RrvdxtraGs6fPw/f93Hz5s3Ac3bCyEHfQw89FOnZC+Os3W5jc3MT2WxWBRnD0lcGmqvVKq5cuYKPP/4Yy8vLyGQygXz77LPP4Pu+aoeff/552LaNv//97/vyXC3XdbGzs4OLFy8imUwOfH4Y3T5R20cd6+b+aXSeDdlsNvHGG28E1u3s7AT+lhzHCfygwTPPPAPbtvGHP/wh0jMmpNXV1dALfkePHh2JH0xYXV3FqVOn1N+///3vAaAr8PGNb3wD6IyPwvQKwMqTlijjpnHQ7Pw4w6uvvorf/e53fcf6vbz33nuBi2FR036veSuxTxo9Zt+213aSRke//nbU+8MoDn2AaZAf/ehHAIBLly6pZd/73vcAAK1WS534PPvss2q99NFHH+Gvf/0rNjY2UKlUUK1WQzuK1157Dc8//zxKpRJu3ryJJ554Ql210E+udFGP4SC5evUq8vm8uhokmVeDoqjX60gmkz0DFfvlypUreP31183FuOeee8xFA/Xal67dbmN7exsvvPCCuepQkcdvft/Lly+rqzlhbt68iWQyiXg8jsnJSVX//vrXvwKdgVwikcDOzg5mZ2dx5swZfPjhh4jH4/jFL36BbDarZoWdOHEClmWFzgY7c+YMJicnEY/HcfTo0YFXCeXVhP/1v/4XNjY20Gq1kM1mMTc3F/pQ+nGmz1BLpVI9ZzHpV/ofeughzM7OIpVKqVmN8j1TU1NqYH7y5EmcOHECH374ITKZjCoPe5XNZrGwsIDt7W3UajVMTExgZmaGg7y7IEr7GIZ1c3/U63V8/etfx+LiIq5du6ZmEEu2bePatWtdM0K3t7dhWRagzfBIJBL4/ve/j5s3b6JWq+HatWv43ve+1/Ve016CAIdBvV6HZVldYx/s4Tvfd999QEggSbavX/ziFwPLx5Vt25ibm8P169fx9ttvDyx7JjnDVl4QxR7Sfrd5C/ZJI8ns24ZtJ+nwG9TfYo/txygZ+QCTDCTovx508+ZNHDt2TJ2gZjIZXL9+XXvX52zbVidQcppb2O0UL7/8Mk6cOIFsNov/+I//wM7Ojrrin0ql1MmVLuoxHBTtdhtXrlzBT3/6U3PVnvz617/Gm2++aS7eV/V6HfF4PDBFca+i7uvy5cu4cOFC6ED0MInH43BdF9VqNXC17p133glcxTWVy2WUy2V1W9QPf/hDcxMACA0qrK6u4oEHHggsu3nzZldQN6zRHtShb25uwrIsZLNZTE5OYnJyEufPn4dlWfj3f/93oDP49H1fzSqsVquYmZlBoVDAzMwMfN/vOYtxVLTbbbzzzjuBwK+cxaTPAjWZQebvfve7AIB//OMfgeW3s16kUimVz3pg4oEHHsDc3BxisRhs2wY65S+Xy6FarWJubq6rjNHuRG0fw0SpmzRYKpWCEAKlUgkTExP48Y9/HJiB+uKLL2JnZwfnzp1Du91WJ+C+7+P48eMAgP/8z/8EOvVXXq1PpVL4+c9/Dt/31a1D42ZlZWXfLgDK8V61WlXtVLPZVO3rsWPHjHeMJyEEarUaHMfBxYsX8dprr5mb9PX+++/j+PHjgfHCnU77Xn0SHR5hfRvbSRrU39IYBJjC3Lx5E2fOnEG98zyYixcvmpsAISdNMJ4/FCaVSsG27a6r/aaox3BQXL58Gb/97W9DT+53q1wu46WXXtr1rRQAUCgUVABAvsKmK7fbbVy9ehULCwvmql2Luq9Go4H777//ts/KulPkLKYLFy4AnXx76qmn+paBdufnO5PJJO6//3785je/MTe5LQYFZ3d2dnD06NHAssnJSRw9elQFn+PxODo/fBB4zc7Oqv/rz+4ZRZcvX8b169cD9Wt6ehoAsLi4ODCQJ8lbTu80GRjV2189/+Rre3sbCwsL6u9RqbN3Q9T2sZcodZOiy2az6rbTt956Sy0/c+YMPM9DuVzGl770JTz33HP485//DGi3qsvxjVl/H374YaDHBbZxYM6EGdYbb7wB13Xx4x//GBMTE3jllVdUWd/PzznsUqkUNjY2YNv2wGcfmd59993QRzDc6bQP65PocOjVt7GdJKlXf0tjEGD69NNPASBwL2Sz2UQ6nca//du/4ZFHHoHnedo7+vvTn/5kLuoSNjvDNMwx3GlLS0s4depUV2AhlUrBsqyu6cYy4PPoo48GlqPz0MUHH3xwT8EldBpwz/MCLzntWWp3ntET9tBHx3GAkGctyb9lByH125eu0Wjg73//+0idqJqzmF599dW+s5fQeVjv5uYm/va3v+HMmTO7vhXxo48+Mhfty+ySZDLZ875neXvIuGt3nq/VarW6AjKe53U9y64f2e7eDffee2/XrQ50e0RtH/th3dx/8XgcjuN0PftxdnYWN2/ehBAC5XIZf/rTnwK3qstnE5r9oxR20U2SM0NM1WpV9buH0fr6Oo4fP941+1LO0jQvcMnxkHyuT5jJyUkV4L558ybOnz+Pzc3N0EcQEHD69OmustxPW3uOoClK2g+Tt2HYJx0+/fq2YdpJGj1h/e2o9oe7MfIBJhlRlL8a1m631TNiPvzww9AOaFjtdrtvZ3InjmG/LC0t4eTJk13BJSmbzXY910E2uidPntS2/Hyg9uUvf3nPwSV0OvbZ2dnASx+QyU7B/HU3aWpqCrZtdwXFrly5Atu2AwOHQfuSZHBpL7eHHHRyFtMTTzwxcPYSOo1nlO3COI6D1dXVwKCu3W6rq+zDkPXfnMLabrcPdP27k+TztcLy7tSpU7AsC7/85S8Ddb2X9957r6s+3SkfffSR+sVLun2ito+DsG7eHu12G4888oi5WMnlcrh27RpWV1fVsm9+85uwLAvvvPNOYFsZMO43w0POFtHbb/n/Z555Ri07bN56663QmTAyLfSTzHa7jWvXrsF1XW3L/tqdH4mxbbvrF6zoc7du3VK3cUaxtrYWqe3olfb7lbcS+6TDZVDfNkw7SaPJ7G9HtT/cFXHIJZNJ0etrlEolAUDYti1arZYQQoharSYAiFqtprbzPK9rHwCE53ldyxzHUX+Hvc/3fQFAlEqlnttFPYa7qdVqCdd1RT6fF57nBV6O46j0bLVawrIs4bquEJ3vZllWV9oVi0WRyWS69pXJZALpIDr7TCaTwrIs9TlR+L4vHMfp+ox8Pq+OT2jpL/OoWCx25cdu9hW2neu6olgsqu0Og1arJWzb7jruTCbTlRe+7wvLsgQAsbW1pZZbliWSyaRotVrC933huq4AIIrFoigWi+ozzPcJLV8sy1LlLplMqu3ke81jkW1Av7Kilym5v2Kx2LWvcSXrrd5umWQ6u64bSDOZZ7L+yHysVCpqm0wmo8qBTuap3kYLrU6a2+u2traEZVmqXLVaLZHP5/t+Bwon+0rPaLeFEKJSqQjLsgJ9X9T2Ueq3f9bNID09zO/v+76qL77vC9HJH8dxRKlUUvXAdd3QfPB9X5RKJWHbtkgmk2ofOplX8v2+74tkMhnIu1an39fLhBBCOI4TaP+TyWTXNoeJ/J5mPkie56lyK9Pd3F62h2bZ39raUu8329RxpbcrsmwWi0VVpqSwNkmXTCa7xpW6KGkfJW+9zrhdfhb7pMOhX38UtW+L0k7S6NlNfztq/eFuHZyIxh74nWAOjMDM1taWOrHVT1DlOr1RkAECeUJUqVTUNnpBaLVaan+S7FxkZyILkFnQ5MmVPI4ox3C3yZPJsFc+nw9su7W1pY4/LECRz+e79iFfenoKbTCmv6I02HrAI+xlpmmlUlGBDnMwEnVflUqla53+Chu0HFSyLOsvqVarBcp02LayrpRKJWFZlhpkybR0OkFJ833mINDMF73uhr03bFkvsiOQ22YymdATrHFjpmNYfTPTGVr5QCf/Zb7Zth2ob7JtCNt/2D7N8tWrQ261WoF9hwWraTAzf2Q+SLKds21b1Gq1yO2jNGj/gnVTMesijPoi0962bbV8a2tL1T106kvYCa3Mh17rdXo7HNantzqB4Uwm07Vc5qPVuVBwmPpBU6lU6hrPmbxOIKJXua11gvd6Gsr0YZsVZLbp8oTdLENmm6TzO0HYXnaT9oPyVgbC5X7M44/yGXRn9euPdtu3DWonafRE7W/FCPaHuxUTnze4h046nQ69vxGd5zYcP34cTz75ZOg02fn5eVy8eBG2bWN5eRmffvopHn/8ceTzeXznO99RD7WVarVa1zIhBNrtNl577TWsrq7C933Yto0XX3wxMK3SPM5arYZUKtX3GDhNmogOi1gsBs/zQp9VQKOjUCjAcZyhbnGm/VGv1/GXv/yl5y0cROOAbRIR0cF0aANMRER09zHANPra7TbOnTvX9Ws6dHfkcjmcP38+9HlpROOAbRIR0cE18g/5JiKi20M+tPDGjRvmKhoRjUYDa2trOH/+vLmK7rBms4mlpSW88MILDC7R2GKbRER0sHEGExER7VqhUMDc3FxgGbsTIiIiIqLxxQATERERERERERENhbfIERERERERERHRUBhgIiIiIiIiIiKioTDAREREREREREREQ2GAiYiIiIiIiIiIhsIAExERERERERERDYUBJiIiIiIiIiIiGgoDTERERERERERENBQGmIiIiIiIiIiIaCgMMBERERERERER0VAYYCIiIiIiIiIioqEwwERERERERERERENhgImIiIiIiIiIiIbCABMREREREREREQ2FASYiIiIiIiIiIhoKA0xERERERERERDQUBpiIiIiIiIiIiGgoDDAREREREREREdFQGGAiIiIiIiIiIqKhMMBERERERERERERDYYCJiIiIiIiIiIiGwgATERERERERERENhQEmIqI+0uk0YrEY0um0uYpGRLlcRiwWQywWQ7PZNFcTEREREVEEDDAREYUoFAoAgIWFBXMVjQiZx9lsFo7jmKuJiIiIiGgXGGAiIjJwttLoK5fLuHTpkrmYiIiIiIj2iAEm2jfpdJon5oeIvPVLf/XLv91ufzvkcrnA5+8HfX/NZhOJRALVahVzc3Nd30+mQS6XCyw/rOStYXfytjAzDfeap/2OXd+f+SqXyygUCpiZmYHv+137WFtb2/WxjIJ+6RmmXq8H0jWsToS1Gb22TyQSal0ikQisG0exWEzNsNstmZf1et1cFZBOp7vSejd5ZtJvNZWvQcdwEBUKha7vIV9mekm5XK7nujBm/dlrXo+a9fX1rjSXr0Hlb2lpSbUjExMTKBQKaLfb5maB7RKJBNbX181NAur1OrLZLCYmJhCL0C80Gg0cOXJE7f8w1oFR16++mnVzULmD8Z5e+6XRJPO+XC6bq7r606jjq5EgiPaB7/sCgAAgfN83V9MBZtu2yrte+ef7vnAcJ7Dd3aIfxzD07y35vi88zxMAhOd5apncrlarqc8fBfK7yO96J8h0d11XLdtNnrquGyiHZnktlUqB9eZLCCFqtZoAIGzbVu+Tx+C6rtpHqVTS9jyaBqVnmF5prOepXm/CXrVaTW0rlwktb6IeyyjRvzv2WC/1fehpbJL5rteB3eSZSbab0OqwrOuHrR6ZfaL+MvNE31ZPy35k/ZH1ReaF4zjmpmMnk8kI13WF53mBl2VZYmtry9xcKRaLwrZttb3Ml0wmE9iuVCqJfD4varWaKJVKartebY3rusKyLOF5Xt/Pl7a2tgQAUSwWhdDyul/doTtnUH2N0rfp9DaT9Xf86Plv9nNmGZKvXm3NqBk8mieKQD9JMQdgdLC5rhs4wQ/rSPWTbvm6W3YTjOilX0Mvv6cZYJKDh1EJMOknomEDrTspap6awZCwPAwrv6IzsNTXmd9bHoPv+2MTYIqSnmH0dDODIvL9pVIp9KTKdd3A+8NOruVJwDgN2M10xB77Uv39YekvjJMoPS+i5lkYuT89z2TQqVedPIj8zkUGk0wzvX6YgahBaSTJ7WX7ouf9qLc5/ci217S1tTUwbfP5fODvVqsVGjwy91+pVHrWFcdxRDKZjNQmSrZti2QyGViWyWQGHj/dflHqa5S+zVwfth8aD3qZ0tsW13UDbYo+xjXboFHFW+RoXywuLqr/z83NBdYhZMqpPp1QvzVCp08t1G9VMvdVLpcDy3rtI9Zjur65Ta/t9Vt5Rm0K7DPPPKP+r+el1Gw2cfToUXNxQLPZDKSdmUbmbQfNZlMtM29F67cfnZ7v5j56kfur1WqIx+Pm6sgO+1TXlZUV9X/f90On95p1LSwPe20bVi/1uh41v3QLCwsQQsB1XXOV8sILL5iL0Gw24fs+nn76aXNVXx9//LG5aKRESU9Ts9nE5uam+juVSoW+/+jRo0ilUuZibG5u4vTp04G/TcePHwcAVKtVc9XISqVSEEKgVquZqyJLJBKheaGr1+tYXl6Gbdvmqsh51k+1Wu3qZx944IHA3wfd7OysuQgffPABHMcJ9Bnb29sQQoSmZS9m2qCT99IHH3wQWDdO4vE4stmsuRhvv/02MpmMuTjg5ZdfDvw9OTmpyuxnn32mlpv7//TTT2HbNh588MHA8kKhgGvXrmFjYyPyOKHRaMD3fTz11FOB5ceOHYPv+6F5T3fOoPoatW9DZ9vp6Wmgs18aP+l0Wo1VTC+88EKgXdfPscw2aFQxwERDK5fL8Dwv8CtM5slqKpUKDJxd11WVbHt7G7Zt4/MLe59LdJ6D4/s+fN9HtVpVJ6SpVAqlUklt+/HHH+PChQuq05AnvbFYDPF4HEIIeJ4HAJieng6cFMvPcV03cKIlj0c2EOl0GouLi6jVahBCwPf9voGPwyabzQY6XT3/yuVyoHEMUy6XYdu2Sh/btuH7fiCIMDs7G+is19bWcOPGDUDroGWQCoDKD3M/ugsXLsD3faBzYmOWO1O5XIbv+7BtG9PT04HAybjZ3NwM1KPl5eXAeoTUtUuXLkEIoZbZtq3qk7ltWL28EwOxsJOBtbU12LYdevJMuxOPx7vSWAYQbNtW68xt0Dm59n0fJ0+eNFcF6AGJwx7IvVPS6TSWl5f7BnOazSaeeeYZbGxsmKuAIfNMb9unp6dRKBQwNzcHx3FCAzYHVVgaoHPhZVA/OAxz/EL/srq6ilOnTpmLI7FtG1NTU+ZidYHr1Vdfxe9+9ztMTk4G1s3NzeH48eN47rnn1Dghl8uFPtNJkgHxr33ta4HlX/3qVwEAV69eDSyngyVq3wYAr7zyilquX1hjEHE85HI5PPPMM3jkkUfMVYDRjzSbTczMzACdi7njggEmGtrZs2dx8uTJwOCr18mqHIQuLi6qgVS9XseFCxfUdoVCAb7vq6uFsqJWq9XQwdelS5ewsbGhrlbF43EVaJCfc//996vt//GPfwDawBmAaiTkv/rVpnK5jGq1GjhBlQGUUepM9CvUev4tLy8PjLjL7WU+yuBbv4DCjRs3sLCwAMdx1PbyYYqynAyacWKeKA26+nv27Fmgc3x6oGRubi7wk/VyWS6XU8ckA1hyEBnlwY8HVaFQwOnTpwP52qt+6WT+6u9bW1vTtviXsHp5t1y6dKnrSpMMXsrZVjJf19bWVDmZm5sbmCYEXLlyBTDakDArKytdA3VZ98dpttJ+KxQKePTRRwcGUI8fPx46Y6yfsDwLs7CwEAgyyZnMZht9GMnxxKBZvFHcd9996v+D+iv6fJxmWdbA8hfmypUreP31183FQGcMNzc3h+vXr+Ptt98OBI7ef/99tc3FixchhECxWMTi4iKee+45bS/h7rnnHnMRHVJhfVuz2VQz/U+fPh24OD09PT1S5wXUTfYHg86L0LnwIy8e4JCfN+wWA0w0lHq9juPHjyNuTG0OmyYPI2AgT0xXVlYC75UNerVaDdxeAwDXrl1T/5dkwz87O6tmQekDwb0MTHRyEChPRmOxmApMjdIVKf0qs8y/ZrMZKf0effRRYJdpLcvCxsaGOgkxTzLlbSP7cZLS7NwmBe149Zlb+k/Wi8+fT4eFhQVsbGyov7PZrPr/fhzT3XLp0iWV3/pJobwqF4VMN1lfTWH18m6QgWQzWClvDzPzdXZ2Vk2lF0LsqkyPo2aziWq1GmmmyuLiYlcQSr8wETYDkenfX7lcxo0bNwamvZzhtNv0DMuzXhYWFsxFiI3AL+csLy933R63V/F4XM32DrsdfT8+Y5SsrKzg2WefNRcPVK/XEY/HceLECXMV0Onja7UaHMfBxYsX8dprr6l1f/zjHwEA3//+91V+nDlzBo7jYHV19dCXZ4qmV9+mn4c8/PDDgHFrvv74ARot9c4t5mF9XZiNjY3A3TvVanVsgkwMMNFQLly4EDhxk7eioUcjm0qlQk/odXLWi925TU1/hUWM9dlJUrxza5wQAolEQk1PBIBPPvkEMI5FBpHkv/psJX0wYR7PoEH9YaMHG1ZWVrC2thb6TBuTDCI8/fTTiMViKlDUbzqofiUXd+DWADlzzSRnUPQ71lFSLpcDs3n0/A074dmrsHp5N1y9ejVQn2l/5XI52LY9MOAqLziYt1pls1k1k3BmZgaxWEzNfun1/Av6l+XlZSwuLqqLH/ozEKenp1Eul9WJkn5bsGzv5IWTML3yLIx8RmGpVIIQInDL/GEfUFer1X29PW5jY0Olj5kfZiB83JXLZTz22GPm4r7a7TauXr068CQwlUphY2MDtm0H+r5//vOfANB1a528MNVrLEGjpVffFvZsRj0wfLvHsnT3rKysBCY/6OeWMzMzoY/bkBfK5fnmbmcRH1YMMNGehQ1a9cFtr5NVeTXU930UCoWeA6phT/jlA4mPHz8eeDaMbnt7G67rqgH64uIiXNfteWvXqHccZrDhxo0bka+oJhIJTE9Pq6uCu8UO+s4wT0j16bvoMYvkMLt06VLkGRi0O4VCAdVqtWd7qVtZWek5C0SfQaa3+1GC23T79MsznX7LiJw9rJ+URSkfB9VubofYDX1mrLww5zgOA+Ga9fV1NUM+qna7jbW1tV1d/Dt9+jQmJibU3w899BDQ44HsAPCFL3zBXAR08g8hM9vl33K2Cx18u+nbiKLQHwUzDhhgoj1bW1tTVyv1lx5cCIvm6ldDL1261DWg0mdX7PVkt1wuq2BXv5MUeRuYfvzmVS951Qp9njczKvTp+9CeSTVIOp2G33lulpmfuyE/uxrheUC7pc9YC7utaxxmS8g0NeusHoCVzx8axLzd8CCSt8dFmYFB4crlsgpGmsvn5uYgjNsfe81WWYz4kGRZR4f9lcdRJX+JUfateqBCD1agk4bZbDYwo1e+ZDrLmcJheuWZvHgjZ3/2mtGxlwsNB83y8vJQfYP8ldpe9ULWo7CZEuPurbfewpNPPmku7kkGl86cOWOu6uvWrVuBced3vvMdAMAf/vAHbavPt7N7PDQcnRlPtm13jS+uXLnCWbSHyKC+TR9PmMFEGLd902jRH61gjp1LpRJmZ2fR7PxYkfnjRF/5yleACM+qHBmCaA9KpZKwbdtcLIQQolarCQDqVavVzE2E4zgCgCiVSuYq4ft+4P2S67pqX6VSSa0P24frumq97/uBv/Xt9c8xX77vh24nl3ueF/rZh43ruoG/9fzT9coXoaWP4ziBv83tzHwx6Z8t9yU6+5Nk2ZHL9OMyv4tJLzeyLPU7nlGjf2+Tbduh6ainmazz+jI93QbVSxFSVkRIng6iH2uv7yM65U3/HArXLz3DyoXZxusvz/MC7xdauehH/5xxqIu9eJ7Xld6SXr96pZP+fjMvdTK9e/Xj/fIsrLzIZfKY9Xa533EcZPI79Dv+fv1iv3W9+jr6XKvVEpZliVarZa4SlUpFWJYVSDff94XjOMLzvMArn88HyqTcRtadYrEokslk1+fIsYrsx2q1mrAsK1AWZF3Tl8l8le8rFotd29Dd069Oil30bfpYVn9fr/aURlPYmFcvQ3p5GLfxaHftIhpAPxmEMQjWG91e24gBg1cR0gn0qrzyZZ7UmNvog26EBBd6vXTmOvMzDxszH/WAgG3bge+nn1DoL9lYmvmup7dsYM08QI9Bl5l3MIKM+vKw4xqUL2Fla9SZJ6b6dw5Lb30b/b1mHuonuGH7MfPCzC/XdUPztBezzOqvMGHHQP8SJT31PHddN7Qs6a+wOu04Ts+BVdhnjqN+6aq3zfry2xlg6pdn8jPM94aVp7BjPCzk9+zF/K7ypaebTBM5BtLz2RwX0b+USqWe6VOpVFT5q9Vqwvd9YVlWVz7IV6VSEaITtNLLaDKZFJ7ndQWXJM/z1H6TyWRXfSoWi11BJ9E5Plm/wt5Hd4dZLuRL1td+bTBC2lNz+17tJY2usACTCDlXMdePg5j4vNIRjaVms9n1DBqd7/u8TYPGWrlcVg8yLJVK+/4sEjoc5C1Zu3m2Cd0+sVgMHL7ROCsUCnAcp+cta0REdHfwGUw0tmRwKew5Ur0eCk5ENG7K5TIuXbrE4NIBkUgk2EfRWGu327hx4waDS0REBxADTDS25INJP/jgA3OVerAnZy8R0TgrFApYXl7mr+kcELFYDMvLy5xJSGOr0WhgbW0N58+fN1cREdEBwFvkaKzV63VMT0+bi3krEFGP+uE4Dn/tiIiIiIiIujDAREREREREREREQ+EtckRERERERERENBQGmIiIiIiIiIiIaCgMMBERERERERER0VAYYCIiIiIiIiIioqEwwERERERERERERENhgImIiIiIiIiIiIbCABMREREREREREQ2FASYiIiIiIiIiIhoKA0xERERERERERDSUmBBCmAuHEYvFzEVERERERERERDTC9j3ARERERERERERE44W3yBERERERERER0VAYYCIiIiIiIiIioqEwwERERERERERERENhgImIiIiIiIiIiIbCABMREREREREREQ2FASYiIiIiIiIiIhoKA0xERERERERERDQUBpiIiIiIiIiIiGgoDDAREREREREREdFQGGAiIiIiIiIiIqKhMMBERERERERERERDYYCJiIiIiIiIiIiGwgATEdE+KpfLSKfT5mI6oOr1OhKJhLmYiIiIiIh2iQEmIgrVaDSQy+UwMTFhriJDuVxGvV5HvV7HzMyMuZo6CoUCJiYm0G63AQDtdhvlchlHjhxBoVAwN79tZH41m01MT0+bq4mIiIiIaA8YYKKe6vU6jhw5glgshlgshlwuh2azaW6GdruNbDaLWCyGiYkJLC0tmZug2WyqbWKxGNLpNOr1urkZAGB+fh4TExOIxWKYn59XJ6NRLC0tIZFIqGMpFAqh7280Guq7JRKJ0GOJui900iqXy93Rk+Qw6XRapXGvV9TZNZ999hk+/PBD7OzsmKtGyqC8M8tuLpfrKgdnz54FAKRSKZRKpcC6w+LIkSNd3+tOuOeee3D9+nVzcZd2ux1oGxKJBMrlsrlZoM0yX7L9kvkVj8dRq9WMPYwfOesurB3sJ0pbXSgUVDuaSCSwvr4eWN9ut7vySb7GcWZZs9nE/Pw8stmsuaons26k02k0Gg1zM2AXeSa3kX1fVFH2f5i0220UCgXVruhpEaVv6GV9fV3tc7dpPGoGlXkznXfTVunjuLD2B3vcf7vd3lO+NZtN5HI5dUyDPof2X5T+Lmo7Zo65o46v6fCan58P5Ln+0sek+jn0XtqKQ08Qhdja2hKWZYl8Pi88zxOO4wgAwrZt0Wq11HatVkvYti1c1xWtVku9z/O80G08zxOu6woAAoDY2tpS2wkhRCaTEclkUvi+L1qtlkgmk8JxnMA2vRSLRWHbtvA8T3ieJ2zbFgBEJpMJbLe1tSUAiGKxKIQQolQqCQCiVqupbaLuSwgharWaqFQqAkDge98tvu+r9DUVi8XI6SmEEPl8PnQ/o2JQ3rVaLeG6riiVSqJWq6my67qu2kaWDbm8VCoJx3GE53mqzhx0sg6USiVz1R3RK/11mUxGpWs+nxeWZQXqsejUbb3eylcmk1F118yvWq0mbNtWaTDK5T1MpVJRZVVvAweJ0lbn83m1jfzbLGeyTTLzLJlMBvJ2HPi+LyqVirBtuyst+8nn86JYLIparSY8zxOWZYW2O3vJM9/3///27u+3jSrvH/jH3/tdmIQrFqFHntxUi5QVmO6jroMEEpnQPkIgyjqBRyskUMtkV0jLQgJOuXhECzt+oEjoaeJUVIqQqJ0laKvVOsSpVKQdq9ptsyi+QNxkrKpiubIbCn/A+V7gz+yZM2fscZwmsf1+SVabmfF4fH7PmXOOhWmaIpvNBo7TiXP+XsLtGcuyRKlUCrV92tUNUUqlkjAMw89vXAfFeW+/aZfmO2k/qgqFgshms8J1XVEoFPyyn9O26OL8mUwmVr0l4zqG6x3Ye3Hqu7jlWKlUEplMJlBvtUoz0B+4PpTjndukbHNzU9i2LUqlkiiVSv499H61sffDYLWkITbHcQKNKSFVqHIG4cpYPjafzwcq8UKhECp0+Ri5QcWVb6lU8rdxZ1CcTKk2gLnhoDYoTNMUqVQqcGwmkwk0yOOeS9ZpY+NO4gaSTic3bVwR97uouFNvKoQQ2saGaZp+Y4XTMZ+vVZo5KEzTjLwp3QtR4c88zwulWy4b5GvO5/Oh+BLN/C2XIXJ8ua4bKIvkfYOCwyDu945TVnNHt3yMaOYfwzD8eIqKd8MwDny+uVMsywqVMVE8zwvFm+7BQJw4E81wV+PEaT5kaiXu+XsF5wm13GFx6wYdXYcdx5kal4MiKs3HbT/qqOmOO/LkMN7J+fP5vN/2VfNKFKfZ8Tuo8XuQtKrvOinHLMsKlQHQ30qlUqi8EFKZwNS0Uq/XOyov+gGmyIHWzMwMDQ8PB7b97ne/IyKi27dv+9uKxSJZlhU49j//8z+JiGhlZYWIiCYnJ2l0dNTfT0R08uRJIiK6deuWv+3SpUtERHT06FF/2+joKBmGQUtLS/62KGfOnAn8PTw8TCdOnCBqTvei5tQ4z/Po2WefDRz76KOPkud5/pDZOOfqVRz21BzmPT097Q/vnJyc1A4FbjQa/lBgdUohTzHjaRkjIyP+8G9+MXk4sUyeLqBeR6PR8Ie5VyoVf3iq+hny8FPdZ+/E0aNHQ/lge3ubnn766cA2lWVZNDMz4//97bffBvYfJKurqzQ+Pk5vvPEGeZ6nnXbWaK6VNDExQblcjorFoh/+8rSQqLhaXFykarXqDzvvVDKZDKRbapYNlmUFypCTJ0+G4qvRaNDy8jI9/vjjge0y0zRpfn7e//ubb74J7IegOGX15cuXiZpTIGXPPvssbW9v09dff03UrGtUq6urZJomJZNJdRcokskkpdPpwLbt7W3KZDKBbXHijJp54dNPPw3UAzdu3KCHHnrI/1sn7vl7QaPRoCeffJIcxwmVO2yndQO3Qe66667A9ieeeIKIiK5evRrYPujith911Cl333//PZmmSYcOHQoc08n5q9UqVatVeu6559RdkSqVCs3OztJf/vKXUF6FgyVuOVYsFqlcLtPExATNzc1plw+B/nP06NFQeUFE9NFHH9F//dd/+X+rZQ/fN1uWFdjez9DBBB3jG7VKpULb29uhhidnvitXrgS26zz11FP+/5eXlymVSgX2ExEdPnyYyuWyujk20zT9a+LzPPDAA4Fjfv7znxPFaNzJ5+o1i4uLgY4h7jQaHR0lIQS5rkvr6+v0/PPPB95HRHT27Fl65ZVXqFAo0K1bt+jJJ58MVKjr6+vUaDSoXC7T66+/ToZh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\" style=\"width: 1071px; height: 631.125px;\" width=\"1071\" height=\"631.125\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.3. Dormancy phases and chill and heat requirements\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWe considered the endodormancy period to last from November 1st (the approximate date when chill accumulation starts) until the endodormancy release date obtained by the forcing test. The ecodormancy was assumed to start on the day following the endodormancy release date and extend until the full flowering date observed in the orchard under natural conditions. Endodormancy was shortest for Arbequina, with an average duration of 112 days over both seasons, accumulating the lowest quantity of chill (an average of 1,116 CH, 1,292.0 CU and 65.4 CP). For Picholine Marocaine, this phase lasted for 119 days on average (after accumulating 1,190 CH, 1,397.5 CU and 70 CP) (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). Dahbia and Haouzia showed the longest endodormancy duration, lasting for 126 days on average and showing the highest accumulated chill (Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). For all cultivars, chill accumulation during endodormancy differed between the two years. While this may reflect differences in chill requirements between the two seasons, it may also stem from inadequacies of the chill models, none of which have been developed or thoroughly validated for olives. The mean ecodormancy duration was similar for all cultivars, at 45 days for Arbequina (with 8,051 GDH accumulated), 43 days for Dahbia (7,236 GDH), 42 days for Picholine Marocaine (7,924 GDH), and 40 days for Haouzia (6,774 GDH).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4. Bud water content\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe objective of measuring bud water content was to link endodormancy release with the beginning of growth activities in floral bud cells, which is strongly related to water mobilization. Our results highlighted temporal variation in bud water content with notable differences between the endodormancy and ecodormancy periods during both experimental seasons (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e). For all olive cultivars, the water content measured in the floral buds initially remained relatively stable at around 10\u0026ndash;30% during the endodormancy phase. It then exhibited a progressive increase, which coincided with a significant rise in the fresh weights of floral buds. The water content exceeded 30% around the date of endodormancy release or 1\u0026ndash;2 weeks later (except for Haouzia during 2020\u0026ndash;2021, where this happened about 2 weeks before the date of endodormancy release), after accumulation of 1,116-1,279 CH, 1292-1,448 CU and 65.4\u0026ndash;71.9 CP. At the end of the ecodormancy period, the water content reached 50\u0026ndash;55% for all cultivars. In general, the water content in forced buds was slightly higher than in unforced buds in all cultivars and all years (Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe few studies that have been conducted on olive dormancy and the chill and heat requirements of this species have been restricted to analyses of long-term phenological data using statistical approaches and modelling approaches that have been successfully applied to deciduous fruit and nut species (Garcia-Mozo et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2009\u003c/span\u003e; Luedeling and Gassner \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2012\u003c/span\u003e; Moriondo et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e; El Yaacoubi et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019c\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003eb\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003ea\u003c/span\u003e; Rojo et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR48\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e; Delgado et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e). Tree dormancy has also been addressed experimentally, but such studies have mostly focused on temperate deciduous fruit species such as apple, apricot and almond (Viti et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR49\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e; El Yaacoubi et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e). Many of these studies have been based on the forcing test approach, which has proven effective for determining the date of endodormancy release and for inferring the chill and heat requirements of fruit tree species. These analyses have produced abundant evidence on the importance of winter chill for dormancy release in deciduous fruit trees (Faust et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1997\u003c/span\u003e), as well as on the need for subsequent heat accumulation (Lang \u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e; Campoy et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e). We applied the same experimental setup to olive trees in order to assess the phenological behavior of this species in response to climate change, particularly its response to temperature variation. Based on results reported in previous studies conducted under controlled climate conditions, Rallo and Martin (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e) highlighted that temperatures below 12.5\u0026deg;C, with an optimum at around 7\u0026deg;C (De Melo-Abreu et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e), were effective for fulfilling chill requirements in the floral buds of olives. In our case study, mean temperatures during the winter period were mostly below the threshold of 12.5\u0026deg;C, with remarkably cold temperatures in 2020\u0026ndash;2021 that induced late flowering and early endodormancy release dates for all cultivars, especially for Picholine Marocaine and Arbequina. Effective chill accumulation at temperatures up to 12.5\u0026deg;C was also inferred from controlled-temperature experiments reported by Ramos et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e). These two olive cultivars showed similar patterns of early endodormancy release, which can be explained by early fulfillment of chill requirements during the cold 2020\u0026ndash;2021 winter (mainly December, January and February). In addition, late endodormancy release dates observed in 2021\u0026ndash;2022 were probably explained by low chill accumulated during this year, which led to floral buds requiring more time to release their endodormancy. As Picholine Marocaine is a high-chill cultivar, the date of endodormancy release was earlier during the cooler season (2020\u0026ndash;2021) and later during the warmer season (2021\u0026ndash;2022).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur findings demonstrated that a significant increase of floral bud weight in shoots occurred after accumulating chill during winter, as previously reported by Rallo et al. (1994) and Rallo and Martin (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e). Olive chill requirements registered in our study showed some contrast with those obtained in warm regions such as Tunisia, where a considerably lower chill requirement has been reported for Arbequina (Elloumi et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). A study conducted on olive in Spain and Italy also showed considerably different chill requirements, with much lower chill requirements in Italy (997 CH) compared to Spain (1,848 CH) (Orlandi et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e). It is worth noting, however, that this study relied on the Chilling Hours Model, which only provides a crude approximation of chill accumulation and may produce misleading results in warm climates (Fernandez et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e; Luedeling and Brown \u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e). In our study, estimated chill requirements were intermediate, ranging between those reported for Tunisia and Italy. It is difficult to tell, however, if these apparent differences in chill requirements result from differences in tree physiology in response to local climate conditions or from the use of inadequate models. In fact, the use of chill models developed for peach and apricot species to estimate the chill requirements in olive trees raises significant questions because of major differences in the physiology and dormancy dynamics of these species.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChill models designed for peach, like the Chilling Hours or Utah models, were presumably optimized for the temperature requirements of this species. Such models may not be aligned with the climatic needs of olive trees, which are well-adapted to warmer Mediterranean climates and likely feature greater tolerance to high temperatures and significantly lower chill requirements. In contrast to peaches, olive trees exhibit a superficial dormancy, meaning they can often resume growth after low chill exposure. Peach models, optimized for a deeper state of dormancy, may overestimate the chill requirements in olives, showing inaccurate projections of phenological stages such as flowering and fruit set. In addition, olive trees can accumulate chill in mild winter climates, which are often outside the optimal temperature ranges defined by peach models. In fact, temperatures slightly above the range considered beneficial for peaches (12\u0026deg;C) may still contribute to chilling for olives. Failure to consider this could result in an underestimation of chill accumulation for olives, particularly in warm-climate areas. Similar considerations apply to the Dynamic Model, when used with the original parameter set, which was also derived from peach data (Fishman et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1987\u003c/span\u003e). It seems likely, however, that a more accurate description of the chill response of olives could be achieved by following the authors\u0026rsquo; recommendation to determine a specific parameter set for olives (Picornell et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2023\u003c/span\u003e). Climate change, distinguished by increasing temperatures and erratic weather patterns, is making accurate assessment of chill requirements increasingly critical. The reliance on peach models for olives might lead to flawed predictions on how olive flowering and productivity will respond to changes in climate.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe phenological development of olive, especially bud differentiation and flowering, is affected not only by chill but also by heat accumulation, as well as by interactions between chill and heat, which have not been well explored for olives. Failure to consider such olive-specific characteristics can lead to inconsistencies in predicting olive tree responses. Species-specific physiological adaptations in olives may introduce additional complexities that are not adequately captured by models developed for peaches. For instance, low-chill cultivars adapted to southern Mediterranean climate areas may have different temperature thresholds than high-chill varieties, explaining the possible differences in how temperatures translate into chill. This intra-species variability highlights the need for models that are optimized for the specific climatic needs of olives.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWe observed differences in dormancy release dynamics across cultivars, detecting intra-specific differences, as also reported in previous studies. Overall, Arbequina (a low-chill cultivar) showed early and intermediate flowering dates. This result is well aligned with what was reported by Elloumi et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e) in Tunisia and by Aybar et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e) in Argentina. Haouzia (an early-flowering cultivar) showed high chill and low heat requirements. The late-flowering cultivars Picholine Marocaine and Dahbia differed in their chill and heat requirements. In Picholine Marocaine, flowering was advanced by high chill accumulation during endodormancy and heat accumulation during ecodormancy, with low accumulated chill and high accumulated heat, and vice versa, leading to late flowering dates. However, for Dahbia, which showed the same date of endodormancy release in both years, flowering time was primarily driven by accumulated heat rather than by chill accumulation, with late flowering largely being a response to low heat accumulation (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). Once chill requirements have been met, floral buds enter into the ecodormancy phase, in which they remain until the ambient temperature allows for growth (Bub\u0026aacute;n and Faust \u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1995\u003c/span\u003e). The average duration of this endodormancy period was shorter for Arbequina (112 days) than for Haouzia and Dahbia (126 days), while it was intermediate for Picholine Marocaine (119 days). It is difficult to dissociate cold acclimation from dormancy since both processes occur at the same time and are induced by the same environmental factors. Rather than being a sudden event, the transition from endodormancy to ecodormancy is likely a gradual process, with the nature of the transition likely varying among species and cultivars (Couvillon and Erez \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1985\u003c/span\u003e; Malagi et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur investigation also aimed to establish the relationship between fulfillment of chill requirements and endodormancy release dates obtained by forcing tests and the bud water content. We found that the rehydration of floral buds started to increase at the time of endodormancy release or a few days later. The increase in fresh weight in floral buds likely signals the onset of rehydration, marked by the water content exceeding 30%. This rehydration occurs through cell-to-cell transport pathway, as the vascular system becomes sufficiently differentiated to support metabolic activities. These processes begin after the buds accumulate adequate chill and the minimum level of heat necessary for initiating metabolic reactions. At this point (bud water content less than 30%), metabolic activity appeared to be slow in producing a significant increase of weight in floral buds. The onset of bud rehydration capacity is marked by a progressive increase in water content, with exceedance of 30% indicating a transition from endodormancy to ecodormancy. This period is characterized by significant metabolic changes in the buds, including changes in carbohydrate content and the progressive differentiation of vascular tissues (Bonhomme et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2005\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2010\u003c/span\u003e). This would lead to increasing water accumulation in vacuoles as reported by Malagi et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e) for apple.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFaust et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1995\u003c/span\u003e) reported that water is bound by macromolecules during the endodormancy phase as a mechanism of tolerance and protection against freezing temperatures that may damage cells during cold winters. This bound water is then converted to free water during the ecodormancy phase, when temperatures are favorable for bud growth. Faust et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1991\u003c/span\u003e) revealed that processes involved in satisfying chill requirements are also converting water in buds from its bound to its free form. This transition from bound to free water depends on the temperature dynamics during winter, but also during spring. It occurs slowly at cold temperatures (especially in the case of freezing temperatures), when more time is required to convert water from the bound to the free form than under warm conditions. This may explain differences in the transition from endodormancy to ecodormancy after \u0026ldquo;deep\u0026rdquo; vs. \u0026ldquo;weak\u0026rdquo; dormancy. In addition, low water content in dormant buds during winter signifies endodormancy, whereas an increasing amount of free water in buds is characteristic of the ecodormancy phase. Although water mobility in cells varied slightly among cultivars, a stabilization of water content around 50\u0026ndash;55% might serve as a biological marker for the effective establishment of the ecodormancy period in olive. This is particularly evident toward the end of ecodormancy, contrasting with the lower water content observed in buds during endodormancy. Finally, our results provide evidence that chill requirements and low temperatures may play a substantial role in olive endodormancy induction and the subsequent flowering process, similar to their role in temperate deciduous species.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur findings offer new insights into how olives respond to and depend on winter chill conditions, based on experimental evidence. However, the apparent inadequacy of existing chill models for describing dormancy dynamics in olive make it difficult to interpret some of our findings. We therefore suggest that future research should focus on validating common chill models for olives, or on the development of specific models or model parameter sets for this species, based on physiological responses to a range of temperatures. This requires many experimental data, including controlled chilling experiments and field observations in climatically different locations. Such data may allow calibrating existing chill models, in particular the Dynamic model, which allows some flexibility in accounting for temperature variation, to better represent the temperature response of olives. Integrated approaches that combine chill and heat accumulation models, such as the PhenoFlex framework (Luedeling et al. \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), may be instrumental in harnessing multi-climate or multi-location phenology data to develop olive-specific models. Such models would allow olive growers and producers to refine their strategies for cultivar selection, orchard site planning and management practices in the face of climate variability and change.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"5. Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eWe assessed the endodormancy release dates (an invisible trait) and determined chill and heat requirements of olive cultivars using forcing tests. Based on the development of floral bud weights, endodormancy release dates and consequently chill and heat requirements were identified for four olive cultivars, revealing some genotypic differences in terms of sensitivity to environmental factors under Moroccan climate conditions. Arbequina showed early dates of endodormancy release, with low chill requirements. Haouzia and Dahbia showed late dates of endodormancy release with different patterns of flowering time, demonstrating high chill and heat requirements. By assessing floral bud growth during the endodormancy and ecodormancy periods based on water content in buds, the study revealed that bud growth activity effectively began around the endodormancy release dates or shortly thereafter. This transition from endodormancy to ecodormancy showed only minor genotypic differences among the studied cultivars.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrecise determination of the endodormancy release date in olive trees remains an important prerequisite for predicting phenological behavior, as well as the impact of climate change on tree dormancy and flowering time. Further studies are needed to obtain a more detailed understanding of the physiological, molecular and histological mechanisms involved in the response of dormancy and flowering processes to temperature variation.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding declaration\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that no funds, grants, or other financial support were received for the preparation of this manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData availability declaration\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, Houssam-eddine BOUKHRISS, upon reasonable request.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interest declaration\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor contribution declaration\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll co-authors have contributed significantly to the development of this manuscript, including the conception, data analysis, interpretation of results, and manuscript writing.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAybar VE, De Melo-Abreu JP, Searles PS, et al (2015) Evaluation of olive flowering at low latitude sites in Argentina using a chilling requirement model. 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Sci Hortic 110:274\u0026ndash;278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2006.07.016\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaracchi G, PITTALIS F, BINDI M, SILLARI B (1994) La production de l\u0026rsquo;olivier et les facteurs m\u0026eacute;t\u0026eacute;orologiques. Etude pr\u0026eacute;liminaire. La production de l\u0026rsquo;olivier et les facteurs m\u0026eacute;t\u0026eacute;orologiques Etude pr\u0026eacute;liminaire 30\u0026ndash;37\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMataix J, Barbancho FJ (2006) Olive oil in Mediterranean food. In: Quiles JL, Ram\u0026iacute;rez-Tortosa MC, Yaqoob P (eds) Olive oil and health, 1st edn. CABI, UK, pp 1\u0026ndash;44\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMeier U (2001) Growth stages of mono- and dicotyledonous plants: BBCH Monograph. Berlin\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMoriondo M, Ferrise R, Trombi G, et al (2015) Modelling olive trees and grapevines in a changing climate. Environmental Modelling \u0026amp; Software 72:387\u0026ndash;401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.12.016\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOrlandi F, Garcia-Mozo H, Vazquez Ezquerra L, et al (2004) Phenological olive chilling requirements in Umbria (Italy) and Andalusia (Spain). Plant Biosyst 138:111\u0026ndash;116. https://doi.org/10.1080/11263500412331283762\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOuksili A (1983) Contribution \u0026agrave; l\u0026rsquo;\u0026eacute;tude de la biologie florale de l\u0026rsquo;olivier \u003cem\u003eOlea europaea\u003c/em\u003e L de la formation des fleurs a la p\u0026eacute;riode de pollinisation effective.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePicornell A, Abreu I, Ribeiro H (2023) Trends and future projections of Olea flowering in the western Mediterranean: The example of the Alentejo region (Portugal). 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Hortsci 9:. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.9.4.331\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRohde A, Bhalerao R (2007) Plant dormancy in the perennial context. Trends Plant Sci 12:217\u0026ndash;223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2007.03.012\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRojo J, Orlandi F, Ben Dhiab A, et al (2020) Estimation of Chilling and Heat Accumulation Periods Based on the Timing of Olive Pollination. Forests 11:835. https://doi.org/10.3390/f11080835\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eViti R, Andreini L, Ruiz D, et al (2010) Effect of climatic conditions on the overcoming of dormancy in apricot flower buds in two Mediterranean areas: Murcia (Spain) and Tuscany (Italy). Sci Hortic 124:217\u0026ndash;224. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCIENTA.2010.01.001\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWeinberger J (1950) Besoins de refroidissement des vari\u0026eacute;t\u0026eacute;s de p\u0026ecirc;ches. Proceedings American Society for Horticultural Science 56:122\u0026ndash;128\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Olive tree, Flowering, Chill and heat requirements, Dormancy, climate change","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6036028/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6036028/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eClimatic factors strongly influence the phenology of olive trees. The timing of flowering, in particular, responds strongly to climatic drivers, most notably to variation in temperature. To gain insights into prospective impacts of climate change, which is projected to generate decreases in winter chill as well as increases in spring heat, we assess the response of olive trees to temperature variation. To date, few studies have focused on assessing floral bud dormancy and growth dynamics of olive in mild cropping areas such as Morocco. Experiments were conducted during two seasons, 2020\u0026ndash;2021 and 2021\u0026ndash;2022, on four olive cultivars (Picholine Marocaine, Haouzia, Dahbia and Arbequina) in Khenifra, Morocco. We used forcing tests to determine the endodormancy release dates and to estimate chill and heat requirements. Throughout the trees\u0026rsquo; dormancy period, we measured fresh flower bud weights before and after a forcing period of 7 days in a growing room at 7-day intervals. Climatic requirements are a major determinant of a cultivar\u0026rsquo;s ability to thrive under future climate conditions. Our findings demonstrated differences among the studied olive cultivars in terms of endodormancy and ecodormancy durations, chill and heat requirements and flowering dates. The cultivar Arbequina showed an early date of endodormancy release, with low chill requirements. Picholine Marocaine and Dahbia showed late flowering dates, related to relatively high chill requirements. For all cultivars, effective bud growth activity started around the date of endodormancy release or a few days later, as indicated by the water content in floral buds exceeding 30%, with little genotypic variation in the process of transition from the endodormancy to the ecodormancy phase. For all cultivars over the two years, flowering occurred after an average heat accumulation of between 6,774 and 8,051 GDH. This study demonstrated that cultivating and growing Picholine Marocaine and Dahbia together in the same orchard could be a potentially efficient way to improve cross-pollination, productivity and yield of olives. This combination showed relatively similar phenological behavior in terms of flowering time in response to temperature variation.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Phenological response of olive cultivars to climate variation in Morocco","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-03-28 12:00:46","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6036028/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"8b6df65c-911a-4e78-921e-02aa73741f82","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 28th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-05-25T21:52:38+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-03-28 12:00:46","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6036028","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6036028","identity":"rs-6036028","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}