Three-dimensional deviation analysis and digital visualization of shape change before and after conservation treatment of historic kiln site

The Gangjin Celadon Kiln, after its excavation in 1982, was relocated and restored in 1987 and subjected to primary conservation treatment in 2007. However, many problems such as soil disintegration and cavitation occurred in the kiln until recently. In this study, the shape changes due to the conservation treatment in 2020, which was performed to maintain the original shape of the kiln site, were recorded via three-dimensional (3D) scanning, and a numerical analysis was conducted. From the results of this study, the locations and ranges of shape changes before and after the conservation treatment of the kiln site were identified through root-mean-square (RMS) deviation analysis and visualization, and the ranges of reinforcement and soil mulch removal were quantified through the deviations at different points. In particular, the most noticeable changes due to the conservation treatment were around 15 mm, and many relative changes of 40 mm or more were also observed. In addition, on the floor of the working space, a reinforcement at least about 40 mm thick and a flattening was prominent; the inside of the combustion chamber was visualized with a reinforcement of at least about 50 mm. This study is of great importance as the shape changes were analyzed and monitoring data were constructed using the 3D scanning technology of the kiln site subjected to conservation treatment. The shape of the kiln site is predicted to change minutely hereafter because of natural or intended factors. Therefore, if the monitoring cycle and effects are derived through regular 3D scanning, it is judged this step will greatly contribute to expanding the applicability of the time series analysis of similar cultural heritage structures.