Multi-layer Frequency Selective Surface Wideband Filter with High Selectivity Operating in L, S, and C Bands

Multi-layer Frequency Selective Surface Wideband Filter with High Selectivity Operating in L, S, and C Bands | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Multi-layer Frequency Selective Surface Wideband Filter with High Selectivity Operating in L, S, and C Bands Vincenzo Violi, Danilo Brizi, Agostino Monorchio This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6802265/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 24 Jul, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This paper presents the design and analysis of a novel 2D multilayer frequency selective surface (FSS) passband filter conceived for broadband response with pronounced roll-off characteristics. Unlike conventional 2D structures, the proposed multi-layer architecture improves bandwidth and filter selectivity while preserving an easy manufacturing process. The design is carried out by adopting a layer-by-layer equivalent circuit extraction technique that allows accurate impedance tailoring in order to accomplish the desired behavior in the L, S and C bands. The complete structure is composed by 3 stacked FSS layers, opportunely separated by foam gaps, achieving a compact 67 mm overall thickness. The performance predicted by the analytical modelling was also confirmed through full-wave simulations and experimental measurements, highlighting an excellent agreement. The proposed filter achieves an extensive-3 dB pass-band from 2.79 GHz to 6.65 GHz, reaching 90% of fractional bandwidth, with sharp roll-offs of 42 dB/GHz and 70 dB/GHz. Thus, the-10 dB rejection bands cover the 1.2 GHz – 2.62 GHz and the 6.75 GHz – 7.9 GHz ranges, accomplishing a full operation coverage of L, S and C bands. Finally, the filter's lightweight and affordable design makes it particularly suitable for modern communication systems that require effective out-of-band attenuation with elevated selectivity and compact integration. Physical sciences/Engineering/Electrical and electronic engineering Physical sciences/Physics/Applied physics Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 24 Jul, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 18 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 18 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 16 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 11 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 11 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 11 Jun, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 11 Jun, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 11 Jun, 2025 Editor invited by journal 09 Jun, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 09 Jun, 2025 First submitted to journal 02 Jun, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6802265","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":470485409,"identity":"8c32dad9-6078-461b-b469-aa06830b9175","order_by":0,"name":"Vincenzo Violi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA1ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACZjiLsYHhgYENRCSBaC0JBmlAEaBQAl49yCCB4TADQWsMjvMe/PBxR50cg0Ry44OEgvPy5uz8Bxge/sCj5TBfsuTMM2zGDBKJzQYJBrcNdzYTcJhkM48ZM28bT2IDz8E2CaCWBIPDxGj52yYB03KOsBZ+ZqAWxjaDxAb2RpCWA0RpMZbsbUswZmNvBPkl2XDDYWagxjTcWtj4zxh++NlWJ8fPzP7wwYc/dvIG5w8+fPjDBrcWhF5kzgEiNIyCUTAKRsEowAMAQxJEt0/Qlh4AAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Telecomunicazioni (CNIT)","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Vincenzo","middleName":"","lastName":"Violi","suffix":""},{"id":470485410,"identity":"2172abb6-13d2-4463-8da6-1631cf13f427","order_by":1,"name":"Danilo Brizi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Pisa","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Danilo","middleName":"","lastName":"Brizi","suffix":""},{"id":470485411,"identity":"112fb4b6-3b3d-430a-bc48-a1d0583585f0","order_by":2,"name":"Agostino Monorchio","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Pisa","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Agostino","middleName":"","lastName":"Monorchio","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-06-02 12:38:30","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6802265/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6802265/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-12918-3","type":"published","date":"2025-07-24T15:57:14+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":87756794,"identity":"b39c0755-04e2-4f66-8b96-a8373e37da32","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-28 16:09:23","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1618830,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"MultilayerFrequencySelectiveSurfaceWidebandFilterwithHighSelectivityOperatingintheLSandCBands.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6802265/v1_covered_bc2d5701-67fa-449d-b296-af15912252c6.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Multi-layer Frequency Selective Surface Wideband Filter with High Selectivity Operating in L, S, and C Bands","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6802265/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6802265/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"This paper presents the design and analysis of a novel 2D multilayer frequency selective surface (FSS) passband filter conceived for broadband response with pronounced roll-off characteristics. 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