Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct with infiltrative small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: A case report

Abstract Introduction: We present the case of an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct (IPNB) accompanying a small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Patient concerns: A 73-year-old male Chinese patient presented with jaundice of unknown origin. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan revealed that the wall of the lower common bile duct was thickened and nodular, causing a narrowing in the lumen and upper common bile duct enlargement above the narrow segment. Diagnosis and interventions: The initial diagnosis based on clinical manifestations was IPNB and pancreatoduodenectomy was performed. Pathological examination of the resected bile duct revealed papillary proliferation of biliary-type cells with nuclear atypia, indicating IPNB. Immunohistochemistry was positive for neuroendocrine markers indicative of infiltration and small cell neuroendocrine cancer. Outcomes: The patient died on postoperative day 138. Conclusion: This is the first reported case of its kind, as none has been reported in any published literature so far.