Bio-synthesis of gold nanoparticles from Codariocalyx motorius leaf extract: Physiochemical evaluation, antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticancer activity against Hep G2 cell lines

This research delved into the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) utilizing leaf extract derived from Codariocalyx motorius (C.motorius) . The confirmation of C.motorius gold nanoparticles (CM-AuNPs) formation was established through the visual observation of color changes in the colloidal solution. A comprehensive characterization of CM-AuNPs employed UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDAX, XRD, HR-TEM, DLZ and Zeta potential. The UV- vis spectrum exhibited a distinctive peak at 534 nm, indicative of CM-AuNPs. The FT-IR spectrum identified the presence of -OH and -NH functional groups intricately associated with the AuNPs. HR-SEM analysis revealed average size of approximately 44 nm for the CM-AuNPs. XRD confirmed the face-centered cubic crystallinity of CM-AuNPs. In the DPPH assay, the bio-synthesized CM-AuNPs demonstrated robust antioxidant activity, displaying an IC 50 of 61.27%. Moreover, the bio-synthesized CM-AuNPs exhibited significant antibacterial efficacy against both gram-positive ( Staphylococcus aureus ) and gram-negative ( Escherichia coli ) bacteria. Inhibition values for these bacteria were recorded at 6 ± 2.94392 mm and 5 ± 2.58199 mm respectively. Further, the bio-synthesized AuNPs showcased antiproliferative activity against Hep G2 cells, with an IC 50 value 6.89 µg/mL. These compelling findings underscore the potential applications of CM-AuNPs, synthesized from C.motorius leaf extract in the realm of medication delivery.