Malignant Phyllodes Tumor of the Breast with Anemia and Unexplained Fever: A Case Report and Literature Review

The PT, which is a rare tumor accounting for approximately 1% of all breast tumors, could be classified as benign, junctional, or malignant based on stromal morphology. Herein, we reported a 52-year-old woman with an enlarged breast mass within 2 months to 90 x 50 mm, accompanied by cachexia and a fever. And clinicopathological findings included progressive erythrocyte drop and hypoproteinemia after hospitalization, no defined causative agent by various laboratory tests as well as no definite diagnosis even through FNA cytology and local biopsy. After symptomatic treatment, mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection were performed, and postoperative pathological diagnosis suggested MPT with ER(-), PR(-), HER-2(-), KI67(30%+), P63(-), CK5/6(-), EMA(-), and P53(+), subsequently conventional chest radiotherapy treatments were executed (radiation dose: CTV 50Gy/25F) about 25 procedures. However, lung metastasis appeared just a few months later re-accompanied by fever and other symptoms. Therefore,a case report and literature review of malignant phyllodes tumor are presented herein to lead to increased awareness and recognition of this disease.