Liver Damage and Liver Density Changes Detected Using Computed Tomography in Patients With COVID-19

Background: The novel corona virus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) primarily affects the lung. However, liver, heart, and gastrointestinal system are also affected to varying degrees. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of coronavirus infection on liver density in addition to the laboratory findings. Methods: Biochemical parameters and non-contrast tomography images of the patients who presented to the pandemic clinic were studied retrospectively. Densities of the right and left lobes of the liver were measured. The patients were divided into two groups based on the results of their polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test results. The data obtained was then statistically analyzed. Findings: Our study included 117 PCR (+) and 66 PCR (−) patients. In terms of sex, Group 1 comprised 59 (49·6%) female patients and 58 (50·4%) male patients whereas Group 2 comprised 26 (39·4%) female patients and 40 (60·6%) male patients. There was no significant difference in sex between the groups (p = 0·151). The mean age of the patients was 44 years (15–98 years) in Group 1 and 40 years (23–67 years) in Group 2. The statistical comparison of the two groups using the Mann–Whitney U test revealed a significant difference in age, densities of the right and left lobes of the liver, and values of aspartate aminotransferase, gammaglutamyl transferase, total bilirubin, and lactate dehydrogenase (p < 0·05). Based on Spearman’s correlation test, there was a negative correlation between the densities of the right and left lobes of the liver and transaminases. Interpretation: An inverse relationship between liver density and transaminases was revealed. Therefore, monitoring and evaluation of liver function in patients with COVID-19 should be intensified during treatment. In case of elevated levels, treatment should be started early. Funding: The study was conducted without supports.Declaration of Interests: The authors do not have any conflict of interest.Ethics Approval Statement: After obtaining the necessary permissions from the Non-Interventional Research Ethics Committee and the Ministry of Health, radiological and laboratory data were retrieved retrospectively via the patient information system.