Revealing the Temporally Stable Bimodal Energy Distribution of FRB 20121102A with a Tripled Burst Set from AI Detections

Revealing the Temporally Stable Bimodal Energy Distribution of FRB 20121102A with a Tripled Burst Set from AI Detections | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Revealing the Temporally Stable Bimodal Energy Distribution of FRB 20121102A with a Tripled Burst Set from AI Detections Yi-Dan Wang, Jing Han, P. Wang, Di Li, Han-Ting Chen, Yu-Chuan Tian, and 31 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6347590/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Active repeating Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs), with their large number of bursts, burst energy distribution, and their potential energy evolution, offer critical insights into the FRBs emission mechanisms. Traditional pipelines search for bursts through conducting dedispersion trials and looking for signals above certain fluence thresholds, both of which could result in missing weak and narrow-band bursts. In order to improve the completeness of the burst set, we develop an End-to-end DedispersE-agnostic Nonparametric AI model (EDEN), which directly detect bursts from dynamic spectrum and is the first detection pipeline that operates without attempting dedispersion. We apply EDEN to archival FAST L-band observations during the extreme active phase of the repeating source FRB 20121102A, resulting in the largest burst set for any FRB to date, which contains 5,927 individual bursts, tripling the original burst set. The much enhanced completeness enables a refined analysis of the temporal behavior of energy distribution, revealing that the bimodal energy distribution remains stable over time. It is rather an intrinsic feature of the emission mechanisms than a consequence of co-evolving with burst rate. Physical sciences/Astronomy and planetary science/Astronomy and astrophysics/Transient astrophysical phenomena Physical sciences/Astronomy and planetary science/Astronomy and astrophysics/Time-domain astronomy Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files FullSupplementaryTable.pdf Dataset 1 Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6347590","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":443905119,"identity":"124fc60f-505c-4584-851d-2fbab160deed","order_by":0,"name":"Yi-Dan Wang","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAvElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYNACNpsEkrWkka7lMAlaDI6fPfyap+x8Hn97A+OHHwx2eYS1nMlLs+Y5d7tY4swBZskehuRiglrMDuSYGfO23U5suJHAIM3AcCCxgaCW829AWs4lzr+RwPybOC03cowf87YdSNxwI4GNOFvsb7wxY5xzLrnY8MzBNsseg2TCWiT7c4w/vCmzy5M73nz4xo8KO8JagIBNigdMMwIVGxChHgiYP/4gTuEoGAWjYBSMVAAAyoA/7olr+k0AAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7372-4160","institution":"CAS Key Laboratory of FAST, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yi-Dan","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":443905120,"identity":"dd2fc2e3-404e-43e4-ad04-7ffedc073ee7","order_by":1,"name":"Jing Han","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Peking University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jing","middleName":"","lastName":"Han","suffix":""},{"id":443905121,"identity":"acec47bf-a557-4d1b-8f97-64f613975681","order_by":2,"name":"P. 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