MICT‑Discord: Thresholds, Scaling, Noise Resilience, and Geometry

MICT‑Discord: Thresholds, Scaling, Noise Resilience, and Geometry | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article MICT‑Discord: Thresholds, Scaling, Noise Resilience, and Geometry Saida M. Alkurkushi, Malek N. Algabri This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8270600/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Quantum correlations extend beyond entanglement and play a central role in quantum information. Quantum discord captures nonclassical correlations that can persist in separable states. We present the first systematic geometric and operational analysis of MICT-discord in two-qubit systems, integrating numerical validation, scaling laws, noise robustness, and resource geometry. We validate MICT-discord against analytic benchmarks, uncover distinct scaling for entangled versus separable classes, and identify a crossover regime where separable states exceed entangled ones in discord, challenging monotonic assumptions. Under depolarizing and amplitude-damping channels, MICT-discord shows channel-dependent resilience, highlighting potential utility for NISQ devices. In contrast, maximally entangled mixed states (MEMS) expose limitations where MICT-discord fails to detect correlations at low purity. Geometric resource analysis delineates the convex hull boundaries of separable states and reveals the clustering of entangled states in high-discordance regions, providing operational thresholds. Overall, MICT-discord emerges as a structured, coherence-sensitive measure with demonstrated strengths in scaling and noise scenarios, alongside clear limitations in mixed-state regimes. Our results establish a reproducible, geometry-informed framework for discord analysis and suggest practical pathways for resource classification and benchmarking in quantum. Quantum discord MICT-discord Entanglement thresholds Two-qubit states Resource classification Noise resilience Scaling laws Convex hull geometry NISQ devices Quantum correlations Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8270600","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":570196169,"identity":"aa9f289b-8012-4bb0-952f-db661dc30501","order_by":0,"name":"Saida M. 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Geometry","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Quantum discord, MICT-discord, Entanglement thresholds, Two-qubit states, Resource classification, Noise resilience, Scaling laws, Convex hull geometry, NISQ devices, Quantum correlations","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8270600/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8270600/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Quantum correlations extend beyond entanglement and play a central role in quantum information. Quantum discord captures nonclassical correlations that can persist in separable states. We present the first systematic geometric and operational analysis of MICT-discord in two-qubit systems, integrating numerical validation, scaling laws, noise robustness, and resource geometry. We validate MICT-discord against analytic benchmarks, uncover distinct scaling for entangled versus separable classes, and identify a crossover regime where separable states exceed entangled ones in discord, challenging monotonic assumptions. Under depolarizing and amplitude-damping channels, MICT-discord shows channel-dependent resilience, highlighting potential utility for NISQ devices. In contrast, maximally entangled mixed states (MEMS) expose limitations where MICT-discord fails to detect correlations at low purity. Geometric resource analysis delineates the convex hull boundaries of separable states and reveals the clustering of entangled states in high-discordance regions, providing operational thresholds. Overall, MICT-discord emerges as a structured, coherence-sensitive measure with demonstrated strengths in scaling and noise scenarios, alongside clear limitations in mixed-state regimes. Our results establish a reproducible, geometry-informed framework for discord analysis and suggest practical pathways for resource classification and benchmarking in quantum.","manuscriptTitle":"MICT‑Discord: Thresholds, Scaling, Noise Resilience, and Geometry","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-01-07 08:59:43","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8270600/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"c5d7a3bf-9bda-4857-953e-f50e1b659357","owner":[],"postedDate":"January 7th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-28T17:39:00+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-01-07 08:59:43","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8270600","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8270600","identity":"rs-8270600","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}