Investigating social regulation in K–12 online collaborative classrooms: a mixed-methods analysis of academic performance and social-emotional interaction across learning phases

Investigating social regulation in K–12 online collaborative classrooms: a mixed-methods analysis of academic performance and social-emotional interaction across learning phases | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Investigating social regulation in K–12 online collaborative classrooms: a mixed-methods analysis of academic performance and social-emotional interaction across learning phases junqi Wu, jun Huang, yunfang Tu, xiaoli Zheng This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6875951/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 13 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Social regulation strategies serve as effective means of enhancing students' online collaborative learning by facilitating planning, monitoring, evaluation and reflection throughout their learning process. Additionally, social-emotional interactions occupy a pivotal position within collaborative learning, exerting a significant influence on participants’ overall learning performance. However, the relationships among social regulation, social-emotional interactions, and academic performance in the context of online collaborative learning remain underexplored. Therefore, in this study, based on the online collaboration platform of BoardMix, we constructed a social regulation-based online collaborative learning approach. A total of 80 fifth-grade elementary school students participated in this experiment, the experimental class (43 students) adopting the social regulation-based online collaborative learning (SRBOCL) approach and the control class (37 students) adopting the conventional online collaborative learning (OCL) approach. The results indicated that the SRBOCL approach significantly improved students' academic performance. In addition, the experimental group showed more positive social-emotional interactions and fewer negative social-emotional interactions compared to the control group. This study further elucidates the link between academic performance and social-emotional interactions in the context of online collaborative learning. Simultaneously, it provides deeper insights into how social regulation strategies influence students' social-emotional interactions across different phases. Moreover, this phenomenon is particularly pronounced during the monitoring and reflection phases. In conclusion, the results contribute to the design of the social regulation-based online collaborative learning model, and expand the research on social regulation learning in practice. Social science/Education Social science/Psychology Online collaborative learning Collaborative academic performance Social-emotional interactions Social regulation Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files SocialregualtionAppendix.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 18 Feb, 2026 Reviews received at journal 07 Dec, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 07 Dec, 2025 Reviews received at journal 17 Nov, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 18 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Oct, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 30 Sep, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 30 Sep, 2025 Editor invited by journal 18 Sep, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 21 Aug, 2025 First submitted to journal 21 Aug, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6875951","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":527743761,"identity":"6b70d2b9-3ed6-4d91-acce-8a559a0d02f6","order_by":0,"name":"junqi Wu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Central China Normal University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"junqi","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""},{"id":527743767,"identity":"d70710ea-a61f-4aa5-a8b6-10328e12fbbc","order_by":1,"name":"jun Huang","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA4UlEQVRIie3PMUtDMRDA8YODuASz3kNpv8KJ8EpB8KskCM/FgmOGggkteUMrfhVHRx+BN8XdscXB2a2goO5K89wc8pvvz90BFMU/JJT3Lx98huet9xtt5/nkkOKCpW0OWMbIm9TnkxFcBpIpKqamqbZLHHAYdI6qgEcTuKqtcQJUu9L7E/SOT4I4nbpUP5uHY6D0dJ/dok2QF9Ctv5MkgGmWS4x77ALduCjraxNwUOK9S4zciwaGJdQtEKzGao2RdOpl9pfxXfv6DvyJarz1bzs7H6n2dn/yg/zbeFEURfGrLyQISwRLQnZOAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Central China Normal University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"jun","middleName":"","lastName":"Huang","suffix":""},{"id":527743768,"identity":"8c31cf16-2d19-415d-b56c-ddc62a9cbbc3","order_by":2,"name":"yunfang Tu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Wenzhou University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"yunfang","middleName":"","lastName":"Tu","suffix":""},{"id":527743770,"identity":"24a36866-8b5f-4c12-acae-86a383a693a7","order_by":3,"name":"xiaoli Zheng","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Wenzhou University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"xiaoli","middleName":"","lastName":"Zheng","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-06-12 03:08:17","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6875951/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6875951/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":93431770,"identity":"32690fe1-ec89-414e-8cff-4e82eebb0fec","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:17:04","extension":"docx","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":8181389,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SocialregulationManuscript.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/b75946e06591ca55c4ef0592.docx"},{"id":93431543,"identity":"5eb2c434-94ed-4ef2-b49a-2a4147cac11e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:09:04","extension":"json","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":6439,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"27d813f7e3c24032ac7f1d9463de4fef.json","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/2f56f43ceb1ad81dcb0b02cc.json"},{"id":93431544,"identity":"192f7f28-f3a5-4790-a81a-9c5ddd36b6a2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:09:04","extension":"docx","order_by":2,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":24392,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SocialregualtionAppendix.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/7d21e9924ef65d55f5389f83.docx"},{"id":93431762,"identity":"6094c123-0684-4bd7-ac6d-f567d6319f39","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:17:04","extension":"xml","order_by":3,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":148191,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"27d813f7e3c24032ac7f1d9463de4fef1enriched.xml","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/aca356380f6623c9775d88c5.xml"},{"id":93431555,"identity":"379827ff-7b5f-4dcd-8488-2b94a6bf58e2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:09:04","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":73866,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/abeaeef25c6b2331179c9c97.png"},{"id":93431545,"identity":"1f1dfd59-c8b5-453b-8b0b-9d15c39806b7","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:09:04","extension":"jpeg","order_by":5,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":374730,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage2.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/33ac23f8f70391a802ff65e3.jpeg"},{"id":93431768,"identity":"ac8a14ab-c45e-4552-b611-f49ebe1c4c77","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:17:04","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":2591222,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/cdd1ac78ac483453188101ba.png"},{"id":93432148,"identity":"01886f50-2918-4d0c-8e9a-004e3beb8630","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:25:04","extension":"png","order_by":7,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":139743,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/d0f3b95229524a64a7711175.png"},{"id":93431769,"identity":"3d4629b2-003f-4111-9ef3-cf70200ef691","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:17:04","extension":"png","order_by":8,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":3769437,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/a2bed6e8e83618f000628d85.png"},{"id":93432146,"identity":"d150bc6c-442d-4b06-bf18-7115fa17d85d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:25:04","extension":"jpeg","order_by":9,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":173590,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage6.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/8c293d2a0acb3d8415543612.jpeg"},{"id":93431766,"identity":"0b42ac5d-c028-487a-a681-041647470481","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:17:04","extension":"jpeg","order_by":10,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":516278,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"floatimage7.jpeg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/3c83711ab5804ad2a2bb06dd.jpeg"},{"id":93431553,"identity":"aec6417b-a04f-4383-ba15-26ae1befae58","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:09:04","extension":"png","order_by":11,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":18878,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/b1a70cf1fcec76c7e0856ff3.png"},{"id":93432259,"identity":"dc5c4d38-4d30-4766-88de-ea6d5b3399e6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:33:04","extension":"png","order_by":12,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":73064,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/285e3e185a0d9f4f4bae14ec.png"},{"id":93431767,"identity":"b7d4eadd-579a-4b64-a497-59ba95a170da","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:17:04","extension":"png","order_by":13,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":528205,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/c19f31a00811cf1a6c082487.png"},{"id":93431763,"identity":"31185191-082a-454d-9b55-954db812c86d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:17:04","extension":"png","order_by":14,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":89099,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/fb40682aaa5734629665b08b.png"},{"id":93431552,"identity":"77938cbe-f798-405f-a492-4eaa7049f01a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:09:04","extension":"png","order_by":15,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":312733,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/c46ed762ffa260bffdd2749e.png"},{"id":93431547,"identity":"3ead6ccf-9590-45e4-aa08-70fccd5ec0cb","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:09:04","extension":"png","order_by":16,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":26958,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/b83c74ad8b020141ecf1c431.png"},{"id":93431550,"identity":"7b6d2840-974d-4775-954f-4366eb799522","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:09:04","extension":"png","order_by":17,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":97589,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Onlinefloatimage7.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/cfdc2ffc2a00a1313716c2d2.png"},{"id":93431560,"identity":"d172cfab-2da4-413f-8091-bed066e48fcf","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:09:04","extension":"xml","order_by":18,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":145404,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"27d813f7e3c24032ac7f1d9463de4fef1structuring.xml","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/49741f0c7223f4c882e94df8.xml"},{"id":93431558,"identity":"dfe94c13-3dfa-4ffc-b54e-3378196a7251","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:09:04","extension":"html","order_by":19,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"acdc-reference","size":153248,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"earlyproof.html","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/9308080dce5c87d31ca273ea.html"},{"id":93432733,"identity":"89cb5ef2-d16b-42db-aa57-55e0f86bc023","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:41:07","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1136368,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SocialregulationManuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1_covered_8ef274a7-042c-4241-8010-b32d50ab7fc2.pdf"},{"id":93431542,"identity":"06a6b906-4ec3-49a0-a7cb-b5eaf2a1b755","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-13 18:09:04","extension":"docx","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":24392,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"SocialregualtionAppendix.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6875951/v1/7b47170f37251b0ee9be6d3f.docx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Investigating social regulation in K–12 online collaborative classrooms: a mixed-methods analysis of academic performance and social-emotional interaction across learning phases","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"humanities-and-social-sciences-communications","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"palcomms","sideBox":"Learn more about [Humanities \u0026 Social Sciences Communications](http://www.nature.com/palcomms/)","snPcode":"41599","submissionUrl":"https://submission.springernature.com/new-submission/41599/3","title":"Humanities and Social Sciences Communications","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Nature AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Online collaborative learning, Collaborative academic performance, Social-emotional interactions, Social regulation","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6875951/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6875951/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eSocial regulation strategies serve as effective means of enhancing students' online collaborative learning by facilitating planning, monitoring, evaluation and reflection throughout their learning process. Additionally, social-emotional interactions occupy a pivotal position within collaborative learning, exerting a significant influence on participants\u0026rsquo; overall learning performance. However, the relationships among social regulation, social-emotional interactions, and academic performance in the context of online collaborative learning remain underexplored. Therefore, in this study, based on the online collaboration platform of BoardMix, we constructed a social regulation-based online collaborative learning approach. A total of 80 fifth-grade elementary school students participated in this experiment, the experimental class (43 students) adopting the social regulation-based online collaborative learning (SRBOCL) approach and the control class (37 students) adopting the conventional online collaborative learning (OCL) approach. The results indicated that the SRBOCL approach significantly improved students' academic performance. In addition, the experimental group showed more positive social-emotional interactions and fewer negative social-emotional interactions compared to the control group. This study further elucidates the link between academic performance and social-emotional interactions in the context of online collaborative learning. Simultaneously, it provides deeper insights into how social regulation strategies influence students' social-emotional interactions across different phases. Moreover, this phenomenon is particularly pronounced during the monitoring and reflection phases. In conclusion, the results contribute to the design of the social regulation-based online collaborative learning model, and expand the research on social regulation learning in practice.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Investigating social regulation in K–12 online collaborative classrooms: a mixed-methods analysis of academic performance and social-emotional interaction across learning phases","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-13 18:08:59","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6875951/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2026-02-18T08:27:31+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-12-07T16:47:04+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"130909999095035936507411898094291349436","date":"2025-12-07T16:05:34+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-11-18T00:34:03+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"207695415235712110650638885551061470770","date":"2025-10-23T01:00:53+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"168973972420369372423715649757376658101","date":"2025-10-18T13:37:10+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"251343023064772037928348563791443899510","date":"2025-10-16T10:18:19+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"124735935123484073322143097558579264631","date":"2025-10-03T01:53:25+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-09-30T14:33:28+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-09-30T14:00:01+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-09-18T05:34:26+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-08-21T07:37:22+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Humanities and Social Sciences Communications","date":"2025-08-21T07:16:24+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"humanities-and-social-sciences-communications","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"palcomms","sideBox":"Learn more about [Humanities \u0026 Social Sciences Communications](http://www.nature.com/palcomms/)","snPcode":"41599","submissionUrl":"https://submission.springernature.com/new-submission/41599/3","title":"Humanities and Social Sciences Communications","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Nature AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"c590c4e4-b689-411a-b0aa-c515eb7ff9d1","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 13th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":56099704,"name":"Social science/Education"},{"id":56099705,"name":"Social science/Psychology"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-04-13T07:54:41+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-13 18:08:59","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6875951","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6875951","identity":"rs-6875951","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}