Low Dose of Ethinyl Estradiol Can Reverse the Antiestrogenic Effects of Clomiphene Citrate on Endometrium

Vittorio Unfer, Loredana Costabile, Sandro Gerli, Enrico Papaleo, Guido Marelli, Gian Carlo Di Renzo
In: Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation · 2001 · vol. 51(2) , pp. 120–123 · doi:10.1159/000052906 · PMID:11223706 · W2009353013
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Clomiphene citrate impaired endometrial maturity, but adding low-dose ethinyl estradiol reversed these antiestrogenic effects and produced a favorable endometrial response.

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Abstract

Fifty healthy, voluntary patients aged between 20 and 30 years with regular menstruation and plasmatic progesterone level >10 ng/ml at the midluteal phase have been enrolled in this study. They were randomly treated with clomiphene citrate (CC; group A) or CC + ethinyl estradiol (0.05 mg group B, or 0.02 mg group C). We estimated the difference in uterine artery pulsatily index, endometrial thickness and histological dating and morphometric analysis of endometrium. No significant differences in Pulsatility Index values and in the number of preovulatory follicles were noted. The difference between endometrial thickness, histological dating and morphometric analysis of the endometrium were statistically different between groups B and C vs. A. Our study shows that CC has a deleterious effect on endometrium maturity and that adding ethinyl-E(2) produces a favorable endometrial response even with very low doses.

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