Existence and survival of parasites in soil ecosystems irrigated with either conventional water or treated sewage effluent

Existence and survival of parasites in soil ecosystems irrigated with either conventional water or treated sewage effluent | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Existence and survival of parasites in soil ecosystems irrigated with either conventional water or treated sewage effluent Nawal Hassanain, Alaa Zaghloul This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7735282/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In this work, two greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to value the existence and survival of the key soil parasites in two soil ecosystems irrigated either with conventional agricultural irrigation water or treated sewage effluents. The soil ecosystem irrigated with sewage effluent was bioremediated with six amendments including uncultivated control UC, cultivated control CC, soil inoculated with AM (T1), soil inoculated with a mixture of Thiobacillus thiooxidant and Thiobacillus ferrooxidant (T2), soil ecosystem treated with probentonite material (T3) and soil ecosystem treated with a combined mixture of all the aforementioned remediation amendments (T4), followed by phytoremediation with canola, Indian mustard or black nightshade hyper accumulator plants. Results indicated that the intensities of developed and undeveloped Ascaris sp . eggs, Entamoeba coli oocysts ( E. coli ) gradually disappeared from the polluted soil after being exposed to bioremediation followed by phytoremediation, yet both never entirely disappeared from the soil ecosystem irrigated with treated sewage effluent. Entamoeba histolytica cysts thoroughly disappeared from the polluted soil after being bioremediated with either sole or combined mixture of the remediation amendments and were not detected at both vegetative and maturity stages of the grown hyper accumulator plants. It can be concluded that the applied treatments showed high efficiency in controlling the presence of common pathogenic parasites (Ascaris, E. coli, and E. histolytica) in the soil ecosystem. The results indicate that the most successful treatments were T3 and T4 in eliminating E. histolytica and reducing the presence of Ascaris eggs and E. coli cysts in the tested soil ecosystem. Treated Sewage Effluents Wastewater Parasites Bioremediation Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7735282","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":530299332,"identity":"4900aaec-9bef-48db-bb13-2f838fbdb9f0","order_by":0,"name":"Nawal Hassanain","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Department of Zoonotic Disease, National Research Centre, Post Box 12622, El Bohouth Str., Dokki, Giza, EGYPT","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nawal","middleName":"","lastName":"Hassanain","suffix":""},{"id":530299333,"identity":"4368e8ff-e0f6-4f4e-b5dc-0fc81f759123","order_by":1,"name":"Alaa 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effluent","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Treated Sewage Effluents, Wastewater Parasites, Bioremediation","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7735282/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7735282/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIn this work, two greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to value the existence and survival of the key soil parasites in two soil ecosystems irrigated either with conventional agricultural irrigation water or treated sewage effluents. The soil ecosystem irrigated with sewage effluent was bioremediated with six amendments including uncultivated control UC, cultivated control CC, soil inoculated with AM (T1), soil inoculated with a mixture of \u003cem\u003eThiobacillus thiooxidant and\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003eThiobacillus ferrooxidant\u003c/em\u003e (T2), soil ecosystem treated with probentonite material (T3) and soil ecosystem treated with a combined mixture of all the aforementioned remediation amendments (T4), followed by phytoremediation with canola, Indian mustard or black nightshade hyper accumulator plants. Results indicated that the intensities of developed and undeveloped \u003cem\u003eAscaris sp\u003c/em\u003e. eggs, Entamoeba coli oocysts (\u003cem\u003eE. coli\u003c/em\u003e) gradually disappeared from the polluted soil after being exposed to bioremediation followed by phytoremediation, yet both never entirely disappeared from the soil ecosystem irrigated with treated sewage effluent. \u003cem\u003eEntamoeba histolytica\u003c/em\u003e cysts thoroughly disappeared from the polluted soil after being bioremediated with either sole or combined mixture of the remediation amendments and were not detected at both vegetative and maturity stages of the grown hyper accumulator plants. It can be concluded that the applied treatments showed high efficiency in controlling the presence of common pathogenic parasites (Ascaris, E. coli, and E. histolytica) in the soil ecosystem. The results indicate that the most successful treatments were T3 and T4 in eliminating E. histolytica and reducing the presence of Ascaris eggs and E. coli cysts in the tested soil ecosystem.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Existence and survival of parasites in soil ecosystems irrigated with either conventional water or treated sewage effluent","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-29 12:07:58","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7735282/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"d9ba6ae0-8cc4-4b43-a94b-e709a9829b1c","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 29th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-12-10T08:19:03+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-29 12:07:58","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7735282","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7735282","identity":"rs-7735282","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}