Identifying factors determining the survival time of under-five year children in rural parts of Ethiopia

Abstract In Ethiopia, the remarkable progress in child survival was made. However, Ethiopia is ranked as fifth burden countries of under-five deaths, particularly in rural areas. Therefore, this study was aimed to identify determinants that causes under-five death in the rural parts of Ethiopia. Only 7301 women from rural residence who had under-five children were involved in this study. Descriptive, None-parametric and Cox proportional hazard regression analysis were used to examine the determinants associated with the under-five mortality. This study revealed that 6.5% of children were died before reaching their fifth birthday in the rural parts of Ethiopia. Sex, place of delivery, family size, Mother education, number of under-five children, contraceptive use and source of drinking water had significant effect on the survival time of under-five children. Conclusion: A significant risk factors associated with under-five mortality in rural areas were identified in this study. Children delivered at home, children from uneducated mothers, children from not using contraceptive method mothers, drink water from not piped source had higher risk of death. Giving awareness about benefits of delivering in health facility and uses of contraceptive method, improving mother education and infrastructure like sources of water, decreases mortality of under-five children.