Analysis of ionospheric anomalies before earthquakes with Mw6.5 and above in Japan during 2011-2022

Analysis of ionospheric anomalies before earthquakes with Mw6.5 and above in Japan during 2011-2022 | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Analysis of ionospheric anomalies before earthquakes with Mw6.5 and above in Japan during 2011-2022 Zhen Li, Zhen Tao, Lianhai Cao This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3939095/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In order to study the seismic-ionospheric coupling relationship, this paper selects window values based on wavelet power spectrum method, and obtains the 27-day periodicity of wavelet power spectrum in the full time domain that passes 95% significance test. Then, sliding quartile method is used to analyze the earthquakes above Mw6.5 in Japan from 2011 to 2022, which exclude hybrid effects. Sunspot number (SSN), 10.7cm radio flux (F10.7), solar wind velocity (Vsw), storm ring current index (DST), and global Geomagnetic activity index (KP) are excluded as interference terms to eliminate the influence of solar and geomagnetic activity. According to the lithosphere-atmosphere-ionospheric coupling mechanism (LAIC) and global TECmap, the abnormal changes on the 29th day before the earthquake (February 15, 2022), which do not conform to the previous research rules, are analyzed to prove that TEC anomalies caused by earthquakes. The statistical analysis of ionospheric TEC anomalies shows that the magnitude of earthquake is positively correlated with the amplitude of TEC anomalies, and the occurrence time of ionospheric anomalies tends to lag as the magnitude increases. Earth and environmental sciences/Climate sciences Earth and environmental sciences/Natural hazards wavelet power spectrum Ionospheric disturbance LAIC The Japanese earthquake Time series Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3939095","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":274069617,"identity":"df5dac6f-5827-4c04-bccf-fa1a2c412ed5","order_by":0,"name":"Zhen Li","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhen","middleName":"","lastName":"Li","suffix":""},{"id":274069618,"identity":"d599406c-e2c9-4f7f-a486-7165807a503e","order_by":1,"name":"Zhen Tao","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhen","middleName":"","lastName":"Tao","suffix":""},{"id":274069619,"identity":"f0128a6c-9621-4c92-859d-268596649b23","order_by":2,"name":"Lianhai Cao","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA6ElEQVRIie3QrwvCQBTA8TcGs5xcvSH4N5zFYvBfuUPQMkSwGkxbcfof6L/gihpvPDANrAaDlktm0SLOX0nntBnuG1443ocHB2Ay/WeWEgACbFs9HkS+eRDnufoNua8R/h2hASq17W3aNCCH7clHoAWPw2mRTVjSFEosdZdhcV4JU+IO9twKk2zCweNKOCj7WJyVrBkCX3vctvwPhO5TckY5QaJvpJ5LWHpF+iinSJz7FZZD2FoLJYcoI3SqbnhuEZboThx+IHTUiHfHA8rxCjU7JrUyDRpR+nXZ5CVyHeoHYDKZTKY3XQBQnld/BscinwAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lianhai","middleName":"","lastName":"Cao","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-02-08 07:02:54","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3939095/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3939095/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":51570234,"identity":"811f313a-c704-4fa4-955c-af91c709e946","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-02-23 21:52:35","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2270652,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"AnalysisofionosphericanomaliesbeforeearthquakeswithMw6.5andaboveinJapanduring20112022.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3939095/v1_covered_60e05f1c-3ddc-4591-9f4a-71c26931ecb3.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Analysis of ionospheric anomalies before earthquakes with Mw6.5 and above in Japan during 2011-2022","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"wavelet power spectrum, Ionospheric disturbance, LAIC, The Japanese earthquake, Time series","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3939095/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3939095/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIn order to study the seismic-ionospheric coupling relationship, this paper selects window values based on wavelet power spectrum method, and obtains the 27-day periodicity of wavelet power spectrum in the full time domain that passes 95% significance test. 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