Technological integration and innovation in architectural ceramics in the Yuan Dynasty: chemical investigation for the glazed tiles of the Prince Anxi’ s mansion, China

Technological integration and innovation in architectural ceramics in the Yuan Dynasty: chemical investigation for the glazed tiles of the Prince Anxi’ s mansion, China | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Technological integration and innovation in architectural ceramics in the Yuan Dynasty: chemical investigation for the glazed tiles of the Prince Anxi’ s mansion, China Ruoyu Shi, Rui Wen, Qiang Ma, Wenxuan Wang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4595009/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 03 Apr, 2025 Read the published version in npj Heritage Science → Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Glazed tiles, a symbol of high-grade architecture in ancient China, first appeared in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD. 386–534). They reached their peak in the Ming and Qing Dynasties (AD. 1368–1912), and the Yuan Dynasty (AD. 1271–1368) was a key stage in the development and maturity of the glazed tile technology. As one of the representatives of royal architecture in the early Yuan Dynasty, scientific research on the unearthed glazed tiles from the site of Prince Anxi's mansion can assist to understand how glazed tile technology matured during the Yuan Dynasty. Using compositional analysis and microscopic observation, 24 glazed tiles from the Prince Anxi's mansion were systematically examined in this study. The findings revealed that the glazed tiles were made using four different production formulas and came from three different technological traditions, which originated from the integration of various regions' glazed tile production technologies and enhanced innovation within the currently used technologies. The resulting glazed tile production technologies exhibit a high degree of similarity with the Yuan Dadu 's glazed tile production technologies, suggesting that integration and innovation are crucial for the Yuan Dynasty's glazed tile technologies to mature. Prince Anxi Glazed tiles Technological integration Capital system in the Yuan Dynasty Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 03 Apr, 2025 Read the published version in npj Heritage Science → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 23 Jun, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 18 Jun, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 18 Jun, 2024 First submitted to journal 17 Jun, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4595009","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":317967069,"identity":"451f7f86-be5e-430e-9491-d59796ffe0bb","order_by":0,"name":"Ruoyu Shi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Northwest University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ruoyu","middleName":"","lastName":"Shi","suffix":""},{"id":317967070,"identity":"f29beb90-356e-48f2-b23c-41c42129e678","order_by":1,"name":"Rui Wen","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAq0lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYLCCDwY2PPz8DSToYJxRkSYjOeMACVqYec4ctjFoSCBSufmM5GMPZ7ad5zFgOMD44WMOEVpkbqSlG3xsu81jztzALDlzGxFaJKRzzCRnArVYNhxgY+YlTkv+N2netnM8BgcSiNaSwybNc+YAKVrkn5lJzqhI5pGccbCZSL/wHH4m8cHAzp6fv/ngh4/EaEECjA2kqR8Fo2AUjIJRgBsAAEQAM7NqXTBeAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"Northwest University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rui","middleName":"","lastName":"Wen","suffix":""},{"id":317967071,"identity":"6802e8fb-d612-4532-bc70-4c3d98835994","order_by":2,"name":"Qiang Ma","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Ningxia Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Qiang","middleName":"","lastName":"Ma","suffix":""},{"id":317967072,"identity":"1c20a919-f8c9-475d-933b-6268dd6a3e34","order_by":3,"name":"Wenxuan Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Northwest University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wenxuan","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-06-17 15:11:27","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4595009/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4595009/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s40494-025-01574-5","type":"published","date":"2025-04-03T15:57:12+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":80082462,"identity":"2e519007-887f-4d8f-bbc7-7ed06f1ef24d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-04-07 16:09:07","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1218074,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"ManuscriptShiRuoyu.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4595009/v1_covered_cb7d6f9c-0605-4111-859c-1fbd0004e049.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Technological integration and innovation in architectural ceramics in the Yuan Dynasty: chemical investigation for the glazed tiles of the Prince Anxi’ s mansion, China","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"npj-heritage-science","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"hsci","sideBox":"Learn more about [Heritage Science](http://heritagesciencejournal.springeropen.com)","snPcode":"40494","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/40494/3","title":"npj Heritage Science","twitterHandle":"@SpringerOpen","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC/SO AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Prince Anxi, Glazed tiles, Technological integration, Capital system in the Yuan Dynasty","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4595009/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4595009/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eGlazed tiles, a symbol of high-grade architecture in ancient China, first appeared in the Northern Wei Dynasty (AD. 386\u0026ndash;534). 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