The Use of ChatGPT in Higher Education: A Systematic Review of Opportunities, Perceptions, and Challenges

This paper presents a systematic review of the use of ChatGPT in higher education. We adopted the Technology Acceptance Model to explain how students and faculty perceive the opportunities, perceptions, and challenges of using ChatGPT. We included peer-reviewed journal articles and conference proceedings from January 2022 to April 2024, taken from APA PsycInfo, CINAHL Ultimate, Education Source Ultimate, ERIC, and Web of Science. Out of 1046 studies, we selected 58, with 21 of these studies offering differing perspectives on the accuracy and reliability of ChatGPT. There were also 14 concerns concerning its ethical implications and 25 views on its future role in higher education. We found that professors and students held different opinions regarding ChatGPT's usage in higher education.