Ocular Trauma Pattern in the North Bund Area of Shanghai Pinpoints Risk Factors and Predicts Visual Outcomes

Abstract Background: To identify the ocular trauma pattern in the north Bund area of Shanghai.Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study. Patients between January 2016 and December 2018 with trauma in one eye and being hospitalized for at least one day in Shanghai General Hospital were selected in this study. All patients received first evaluation at the emergency room, followed by careful eye examination by one of attending ophthalmologists and reevaluation by one of the authors. Demographics and related patient’s clinical data at the time when trauma occurred were recorded, including age, gender, occupation, cause and type of trauma, location and size of injury, type of surgery, and hospitalization time. Results: 206 patients were reviewed. We found that gender and age are two mutually correlated risk factors for ocular trauma. We also identified occupation as a major risk factor, which is closely associated with penetrating/ intraocular foreign body injuries. Moreover, season change adds an additional layer of risk factor for ocular trauma, showing a significantly higher peak of ocular trauma percentage in hot summer months. Furthermore, retinal detachment and vitreous hemorrhage were identified as two prevailed types of complications. Importantly, we found that complications, along with location and/or size of injuries, determine the visual outcomes. Conclusions: We identified a clear ocular trauma pattern in the north Bund area of Shanghai. Importantly, complications, location and/or size of injuries determine the visual outcomes. Our findings pinpoint risk factors for ocular trauma, which predict visual outcomes and might be further applied in eye injury prevention.