The utility of simple biomarkers of inflammation in the diagnosis of dyslipidaemia among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho Municipality: A cross sectional study

The utility of simple biomarkers of inflammation in the diagnosis of dyslipidaemia among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho Municipality: A cross sectional study | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The utility of simple biomarkers of inflammation in the diagnosis of dyslipidaemia among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho Municipality: A cross sectional study Sylvester Yao Lokpo, Frederick Agbenatoe, Dominic Agbezuge, Samuel Ametepe, and 7 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6195133/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 12 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with dyslipidaemia and exaggerated immune response with high morbidity and mortality. However, the diagnostic capacity of simple inflammatory indicators to detect dyslipidaemia in T2DM is not fully explored. Aim The study aimed to assess the predictive ability of simple biomarkers of inflammation in the diagnosis of dyslipidaemia among patients with T2DM in the Ho municipality. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 193 patients with T2DM conveniently recruited at the Ho Municipal Hospital. A questionnaire was administered to gather socio-demographic, lifestyle and clinical data. Anthropometry and blood pressures were measured. Fasting blood samples were obtained for full blood count, glucose and lipid assays. Cell line ratios reflecting various inflammation pathways were calculated. Dyslipidaemia was defined using National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The diagnostic value of biomarkers were assessed based on logistic regression and area the under curve (AUC) analyses. Results The overall prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 167(86.5%; 95% CI: 81.0-90.6). A unit change in total white blood cell count was associated with 2.073 odds of developing dyslipidaemia (OR: 2.073: 95% CI: 1.037–4.144; p = 0.039) after adjustment for confounders. Total white blood cell counts significantly discriminated between respondents with dyslipidaemia and those without dyslipidaemia (AUROC: 0.64: 95% CI: 0.57–0.7; p = 0.0195). Conclusion The prevalence of dyslipidaemia is high among study participants. Total white blood cell count appears to be an important clinical tool for the diagnosis of dyslipidaemia in our study cohort. This highlights it’s utility as a potential biomarker for early detection and disease management. Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 15 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 14 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 14 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 07 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 07 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 06 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 03 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Apr, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 01 Apr, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 01 Apr, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 30 Mar, 2025 First submitted to journal 30 Mar, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6195133","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":443094806,"identity":"b3f1b849-8168-49b4-bf1a-b52ceabc517a","order_by":0,"name":"Sylvester Yao 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However, the diagnostic capacity of simple inflammatory indicators to detect dyslipidaemia in T2DM is not fully explored.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eAim\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe study aimed to assess the predictive ability of simple biomarkers of inflammation in the diagnosis of dyslipidaemia among patients with T2DM in the Ho municipality.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethodology:\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA cross-sectional study was conducted among 193 patients with T2DM conveniently recruited at the Ho Municipal Hospital. A questionnaire was administered to gather socio-demographic, lifestyle and clinical data. Anthropometry and blood pressures were measured. Fasting blood samples were obtained for full blood count, glucose and lipid assays. Cell line ratios reflecting various inflammation pathways were calculated. Dyslipidaemia was defined using National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The diagnostic value of biomarkers were assessed based on logistic regression and area the under curve (AUC) analyses.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe overall prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 167(86.5%; 95% CI: 81.0-90.6). A unit change in total white blood cell count was associated with 2.073 odds of developing dyslipidaemia (OR: 2.073: 95% CI: 1.037\u0026ndash;4.144; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.039) after adjustment for confounders. Total white blood cell counts significantly discriminated between respondents with dyslipidaemia and those without dyslipidaemia (AUROC: 0.64: 95% CI: 0.57\u0026ndash;0.7; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.0195).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe prevalence of dyslipidaemia is high among study participants. Total white blood cell count appears to be an important clinical tool for the diagnosis of dyslipidaemia in our study cohort. This highlights it\u0026rsquo;s utility as a potential biomarker for early detection and disease management.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"The utility of simple biomarkers of inflammation in the diagnosis of dyslipidaemia among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Ho Municipality: A cross sectional study","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-05-06 17:59:05","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6195133/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-04-15T07:08:56+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-04-14T22:55:41+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-04-14T14:34:22+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-04-07T14:51:09+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"253989996673588054168148563505453336413","date":"2025-04-07T10:43:46+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"337611834602534768216147151964366819620","date":"2025-04-06T18:22:10+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"140138822909019812890437829628454071408","date":"2025-04-03T23:10:56+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"228209674222360470450909942818050007731","date":"2025-04-02T04:43:29+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-04-01T18:17:05+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-04-01T09:32:05+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-03-30T13:51:07+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Discover Medicine","date":"2025-03-30T13:50:02+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"discover-medicine","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"Learn more about [Discover Medicine](https://link.springer.com/journal/44337)","snPcode":"44337","submissionUrl":"https://submission.springernature.com/new-submission/44337/3","title":"Discover Medicine","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Discover Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"c2eff7e0-ff7d-4bb0-b52f-bc6055f07027","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 6th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-05-06T17:59:05+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-05-06 17:59:05","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6195133","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6195133","identity":"rs-6195133","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}