A Hybrid FMEA–Stochastic Modeling Approach for Sustainability Evaluation in Remanufacturing Using the MABAC Method

A Hybrid FMEA–Stochastic Modeling Approach for Sustainability Evaluation in Remanufacturing Using the MABAC Method | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article A Hybrid FMEA–Stochastic Modeling Approach for Sustainability Evaluation in Remanufacturing Using the MABAC Method Harshit Joshi, Atulit Kakkar, Rahul Aggarwal, Tarondip Rana This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6727623/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Remanufacturing has emerged as a cornerstone of sustainable production and circular economy strategies, yet its complex risk and performance factors demand robust assessment tools. This research proposes a hybrid framework combining Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), stochastic modelling, and the MABAC (Multi-Attributive Border Approximation area Comparison) method to evaluate remanufacturing alternatives. The study employs simulated data to represent diverse sustainability scenarios, incorporating uncertainty through probabilistic weighting of risk factors. The FMEA component enables systematic identification of failure modes across environmental, economic, and operational dimensions. Stochastic modelling enhances this by capturing variability in expert judgment, while the MABAC method ranks alternative strategies based on multiple sustainability criteria. The results offer practical insights into which remanufacturing pathways provide optimal performance under uncertain conditions. This hybrid approach advances the decision-making toolkit for sustainable manufacturing by integrating qualitative and quantitative inputs within a transparent, adaptable model. The framework holds potential for application in real-world remanufacturing settings, particularly where decision complexity and uncertainty are high. This study contributes to the literature on sustainable systems engineering by offering a replicable model that bridges risk analysis and multi-criteria decision-making in remanufacturing. Circular flow FMEA inefficiency MABAC operation remanufacturing stochastic treadmill Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6727623","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":463601623,"identity":"37bdaf34-aa98-4e83-93a9-88ab36147e42","order_by":0,"name":"Harshit Joshi","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA4klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACA4YDDMwMBv/lkMQSiNLCbMzARrwWBqAWBubEBqK1mDMePvy5oIAtff785mMSH3fUMfCz5xjg1WLZcCxNeoYBT+6GY2xpkjPPHGaQ7HmDX4vBgTNmzDwGErkb2HiMjXnbDjAY3CBgC1CL8WceA4N0+Tb+z8Z/2+oY7InQYiDNY5CQwHCMh/ExYxsw9CQIagH6hcfggOGGY2mGD3vbDvNInHlWgF/LDWCI8fw5IC/ffPjBgZ9tdXL87ckb8GphkDiAyufBrxwE+BsIqxkFo2AUjIIRDgDGVkbJOaDgLQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Stevens Institute of Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Harshit","middleName":"","lastName":"Joshi","suffix":""},{"id":463601624,"identity":"a74a3139-b2c6-4da1-9f25-5b8344960eb9","order_by":1,"name":"Atulit Kakkar","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Atulit","middleName":"","lastName":"Kakkar","suffix":""},{"id":463601625,"identity":"3ca16bd3-71eb-410c-a776-628cef5c03fb","order_by":2,"name":"Rahul Aggarwal","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rahul","middleName":"","lastName":"Aggarwal","suffix":""},{"id":463601626,"identity":"98d50a1b-acff-40e1-affc-72962ad4ba00","order_by":3,"name":"Tarondip Rana","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tarondip","middleName":"","lastName":"Rana","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-05-22 19:53:11","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6727623/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6727623/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":84802113,"identity":"34ab970f-5cc6-44d2-93aa-12fe571864fa","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-06-17 13:32:08","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":495550,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"RemanufacturingPaperCOPY.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6727623/v1_covered_e6d821ce-de36-41b0-9aa0-fbd16992bff2.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"A Hybrid FMEA–Stochastic Modeling Approach for Sustainability Evaluation in Remanufacturing Using the MABAC Method","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Circular flow, FMEA, inefficiency, MABAC, operation, remanufacturing, stochastic, treadmill","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6727623/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6727623/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRemanufacturing has emerged as a cornerstone of sustainable production and circular economy strategies, yet its complex risk and performance factors demand robust assessment tools. 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