Characterizing the photoluminescence of fluorescein-labeled cellulose in aqueous and alcohol solutions: influence of the cellulose backbone

Characterizing the photoluminescence of fluorescein-labeled cellulose in aqueous and alcohol solutions: influence of the cellulose backbone | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Characterizing the photoluminescence of fluorescein-labeled cellulose in aqueous and alcohol solutions: influence of the cellulose backbone Chi-Yang Yen, Shailesh Rana, Kamlesh Awasthi, Nobuhiro Ohta, Masahito Oh-e This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4446290/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 31 Oct, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 3 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Although many dyes have been introduced into cellulose, whether bound to its backbone or within a cellulose matrix, few studies have determined whether the backbone statically or dynamically quenches the dye’s photoluminescence. To advance cellulosic fluorescent films, the cellulose backbone’s influence on photoluminescence must be understood. We determined the fluorescence properties of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and fluorescein-labeled cellulose (FLC) in water and alcohol, including their quantum yields ϕPL, lifetimes τ, and rates of radiative k_r and nonradiative knr decay. Dissolved FLC had a ~30× lower ϕPL than FITC, suggesting that incorporating FITC into the cellulose backbone remarkably reduces the fluorescence efficiency. The FLC solutions had a 6-fold lower kr than their FITC counterparts but a 10–20 times higher knr. Presumably, this was because the cellulose backbone interacted weakly with the fluorescein moieties, suggesting a quenching mechanism that can be termed quasi-static, corresponding to static quenching between the fluorescein moieties and cellulose backbone, in addition to the fluorescence quenching caused by the intramolecular nonradiative processes of fluorescein, as observed in conventional molecules. Using the Strickler‒Berg formula, we deduced the analytical radiative decay rate constants k r S.B. and eventually estimated the number of very short-lived fluorescein moieties per single fluorescent fluorescein moiety, corresponding well with static quenching. Physical sciences/Chemistry/Photochemistry Physical sciences/Chemistry/Physical chemistry Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Optical materials and structures/Biomaterials Physical sciences/Materials science/Condensed matter physics Physical sciences/Materials science/Soft materials Physical sciences/Chemistry/Analytical chemistry/Fluorescent probes Physical sciences/Physics/Chemical physics Cellulose Fluorescein Photoluminescence Fluorescence Quenching Lifetime. Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files DyeDopedCelluloseSupportingInfomation11090524SciRepRevision1Final.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 31 Oct, 2024 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Accepted 10 Sep, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 09 Sep, 2024 First submitted to journal 05 Sep, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4446290","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":351945657,"identity":"c0d7a46d-52c7-4c69-9fa0-c1889254d100","order_by":0,"name":"Chi-Yang Yen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Tsing Hua University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chi-Yang","middleName":"","lastName":"Yen","suffix":""},{"id":351945658,"identity":"74f346a9-fd88-431b-9417-88861562b674","order_by":1,"name":"Shailesh Rana","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shailesh","middleName":"","lastName":"Rana","suffix":""},{"id":351945659,"identity":"47b2c514-790d-4ac9-8347-7b0a85ef992c","order_by":2,"name":"Kamlesh Awasthi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kamlesh","middleName":"","lastName":"Awasthi","suffix":""},{"id":351945660,"identity":"b60960d9-35a2-4dc6-968d-6eae5e62f310","order_by":3,"name":"Nobuhiro Ohta","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nobuhiro","middleName":"","lastName":"Ohta","suffix":""},{"id":351945661,"identity":"805c6dd2-911e-4e5f-854d-1c9dde10d6c4","order_by":4,"name":"Masahito Oh-e","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAzUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACCSD+AGbxgAhm4rQwzgAx2GBa2IjQwsxDkhZ+6QbGxzYVNgzm8r3HJBgqrBMb5HsM8GqRnHOA2TjnTBqDZRtfmgTDmfTEBjYe/FoMbuR/k85tO8xgcIzHTIKx7TBQC+8GAloS2H9b/vsP1fKPOC1szIwNB6BaGojQIjkjgVmy51gyj8GxHGOLhGPpxm1s+R/wauGXSGD88KPGTs7g8BnDGx9qrGX7mY8l4NUCA+BIYQCpJRiTo2AUjIJRMAoIAwDGRzreKj0pOgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"National Tsing Hua University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Masahito","middleName":"","lastName":"Oh-e","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-05-20 03:08:10","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4446290/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4446290/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72773-6","type":"published","date":"2024-10-31T16:20:09+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":68207074,"identity":"ebaad952-885a-4ba7-96a4-98e2ab989cbd","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-04 16:34:41","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1358238,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"DyeDopedCellulosever27090524SciRepRevision1Final.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4446290/v1_covered_04be307e-94f8-47a8-a6ed-db5c12999a90.pdf"},{"id":66170207,"identity":"669f9101-005b-4b9a-bcd7-f357d26af70b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-10-08 10:36:03","extension":"docx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":42426,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"DyeDopedCelluloseSupportingInfomation11090524SciRepRevision1Final.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4446290/v1/f0e136fc0707e590e7907c1d.docx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Characterizing the photoluminescence of fluorescein-labeled cellulose in aqueous and alcohol solutions: influence of the cellulose backbone","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Cellulose, Fluorescein, Photoluminescence, Fluorescence, Quenching, Lifetime.","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4446290/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4446290/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eAlthough many dyes have been introduced into cellulose, whether bound to its backbone or within a cellulose matrix, few studies have determined whether the backbone statically or dynamically quenches the dye’s photoluminescence. To advance cellulosic fluorescent films, the cellulose backbone’s influence on photoluminescence must be understood. We determined the fluorescence properties of fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and fluorescein-labeled cellulose (FLC) in water and alcohol, including their quantum yields ϕPL, lifetimes τ, and rates of radiative k_r and nonradiative knr decay. Dissolved FLC had a ~30× lower ϕPL than FITC, suggesting that incorporating FITC into the cellulose backbone remarkably reduces the fluorescence efficiency. The FLC solutions had a 6-fold lower kr than their FITC counterparts but a 10–20 times higher knr. Presumably, this was because the cellulose backbone interacted weakly with the fluorescein moieties, suggesting a quenching mechanism that can be termed quasi-static, corresponding to static quenching between the fluorescein moieties and cellulose backbone, in addition to the fluorescence quenching caused by the intramolecular nonradiative processes of fluorescein, as observed in conventional molecules. Using the Strickler‒Berg formula, we deduced the analytical radiative decay rate constants k\u003csub\u003er\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csup\u003eS.B.\u003c/sup\u003e and eventually estimated the number of very short-lived fluorescein moieties per single fluorescent fluorescein moiety, corresponding well with static quenching. \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Characterizing the photoluminescence of fluorescein-labeled cellulose in aqueous and alcohol solutions: influence of the cellulose backbone","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-10-08 10:35:59","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4446290/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Accepted","date":"2024-09-10T09:02:40+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-09-09T07:49:21+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Scientific Reports","date":"2024-09-05T08:47:53+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"scientific-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"scirep","sideBox":"Learn more about [Scientific Reports](http://www.nature.com/srep/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Scientific Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Scientific Reports","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"a5338611-ab09-4969-a933-7b126d1328da","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 8th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[{"id":37374191,"name":"Physical sciences/Chemistry/Photochemistry"},{"id":37374192,"name":"Physical sciences/Chemistry/Physical chemistry"},{"id":37374193,"name":"Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Optical materials and structures/Biomaterials"},{"id":37374194,"name":"Physical sciences/Materials science/Condensed matter physics"},{"id":37374195,"name":"Physical sciences/Materials science/Soft materials"},{"id":37374196,"name":"Physical sciences/Chemistry/Analytical chemistry/Fluorescent probes"},{"id":37374197,"name":"Physical sciences/Physics/Chemical physics"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-11-04T16:25:40+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-4446290","link":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72773-6","journal":{"identity":"scientific-reports","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Scientific Reports"},"publishedOn":"2024-10-31 16:20:09","publishedOnDateReadable":"October 31st, 2024"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-10-08 10:35:59","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1038/s41598-024-72773-6","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-72773-6","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4446290","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4446290","identity":"rs-4446290","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}