Decrease in the frequency of impeded-by-stent phenomenon in the current-model bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent

Decrease in the frequency of impeded-by-stent phenomenon in the current-model bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Decrease in the frequency of impeded-by-stent phenomenon in the current-model bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent Yutaka Tadano, Shoichi Kuramitsu, Daisuke Hachinohe, Bayushi Eka Putra, and 6 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6832103/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background: Impeded-by-stent phenomenon (ISP), which is a collision between a normally deployed stent and a tip of a catheter device, temporarily impedes the delivery of catheter devices during percutaneous coronary intervention. We investigated the incidence of ISP in the current-model bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent (BP-SES) compared with the old model. Methods: This single-center, observational study included the patients treated using old-model 2.5–4.0mm BP-SESs (Ultimaster Tansei™) in October 2018 and current-model 2.25–2.5mm BP-SESs (Ultimaster Nagomi TM SV) from January to April 2022 for patients requiring coronary stents. Two independent operators observed and judged occurrence of ISP, defined as device-delivery disturbances by a newly deployed stent. Results: ISPs were observed in 25 of 256 stented segments (9.8%). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated the use of current-model BP-SESs (OR 0.29, 95 % CI 0.10–0.85, p = 0.02) was an independent predictor of ISP avoidance. Conclusions: This study indicates the current-model BP-SES demonstrates the reduced incidence of impeded-by-stent phenomenon. Drug-eluting stent Percutaneous coronary intervention Coronary artery disease Complications Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Introduction Drug-eluting stents (DESs), whose reduced strut thickness and refined polymers contribute to overcoming drawbacks, have played an important role in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) [1]. However, thin-strut DESs still have concerns about metallic platform-related problem which can lead to stent thrombosis, emergent coronary artery bypass grafting, myocardial infarction, and death [2–10]. The forward movement of a catheter device can be temporarily impeded by a newly deployed stent which does not have significant deformation; this phenomenon is called impeded-by-stent phenomenon (ISP) [11, 12]. Modern stent platforms with thinner struts and reduced number of connective links may have been associated with ISP. In a typical ISP case, the tip of a post-dilatation balloon or imaging catheter hits a stent, potentially prolonging procedure time or requiring additional devices. The bioresorbable polymer drug-eluting stent is referred to as a third-generation stent, which is relatively new and might be on its way to replace the previous generation. Its strong point is mainly due to the biodegradable polymer which dissolves by itself after 3-4 months, potentially reducing the late stent thrombosis event due to the inflammatory response to the polymer coating. Ultimaster Tansei™ is a development of the first-generation Ultimaster™ focusing on improvements to the delivery system. Meanwhile, Ultimaster Nagomi™ is the latest generation offering a better expansion capability, and further improvements in deliverability, as well as a design optimized for various vessel sizes. We reported that the old-model bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting Ultimaster TM stent (BP-SES) face ISP more frequently than the bioresorbable polymer-coated everolimus-eluting stent [12]. The current study aimed to compare the incidence of ISP between the current-model Nagomi™ SV and the old-model Tansei™ BP-SES. Methods Study design In this single-center, observational study to compare the incidence of ISP between two types of BP-SESs, we used old-model Ultimaster Tansei™ stents (Terumo corporation, Japan) in October 2018, followed by current-model Ultimaster Nagomi TM SV stents (Terumo corporation, Japan) from January to April 2022, in all-comers patients who required stents (Fig. 1 illustrates the study population). The current model BP-SES only includes sizes 2.25 and 2.5 mm, because the structural improvement (i.e., shortened longitudinal crown width) of current-model BP-SES is limited to sizes 2.25 and 2.5 mm. In contrast, old-model BP-SESs used in this study were 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, and 4 mm because another study using 2.25 mm stents was ongoing during the study period (i.e., another stent had to be used for the 2.25 mm size). Cases using other types of stents simultaneously in a same vessel are excluded. The institutional review board approved the study protocol, and the study was conducted following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. All the patients provided written informed consent. Definitions, measurement, and outcomes ISP was defined as a collision between the tip of a catheter device and a newly deployed stent, which cause a backward motion of the guiding catheter (Fig. 2 illustrates a typical ISP during PCI). Basically, ISP is a phenomenon occurring in normally placed stents, therefore, collisions with a deformed stent are not classified as ISP. Also, collisions that occur when a balloon passes through the stent struts toward a side branch are not classified as ISP. ISPs were graded based on how operators deal with them: minor (without additional devices) or major (requiring additional devices). For example, minor ISPs were typically resolved by having the patient breathe deeply, by altering the position of the guidewire or the guiding catheter (i.e., change in the positional bias), or by deep seating/insertion of the guiding catheter. Major ISPs typically require the placement of another guidewire (i.e. buddy-wire technique), a brand-new balloon catheter, or a guide-extension catheter. Main operators and assistant operators carefully observed the motion of catheter devices which move through a newly deployed stent, and separately completed a questionnaire about the ISP experience immediately after the PCI sessions. If a main operator and assistant operator disagreed, they made a final decision after a film review and discussion. Cases where both the operators agree were classified as ISP. The quantitative measurements were performed by a single investigator, who was unaware of the study design. The primary outcome was ISP. The secondary outcome was target lesion failure, defined as the composite of target-vessel myocardial infarction, cardiac death, and any target lesion revascularization, at one-year follow-up. A creatine kinase–muscle/brain (CK-MB) value ≥3 times the upper limit of normal level was required to be defined as a myocardial infarction. Cardiac death includes a death of unknown cause. Target lesion revascularization included the reintervention for restenosis lesions 5 mm distal or proximal to the stent edges. Study devices Both the current- and old-model BP-SES are a thin-strut (80μm) cobalt‑chromium stent with a two-link and open-cell structure. The abluminal coating of poly (d, l-lactic acid)- poly(caprolactone) copolymers has a thickness of 15μm and is designed for gradual drug release over approximately three months. In the current-model BP-SES, long-axis distance between the top and the bottom of a crown, named crown width, is shortened compared to the old-model (Fig. 3 is a diagram showing structural modification in the current-model Ultimaster Nagomi TM SV stent). As a result of this improvement, the current model has obtuse-angled crowns, unlike the old model. The cross-sectional strut width of the current model become 10μm shorter than that of the old model, resulting in a square-shaped strut cross-section. Intervention procedure and follow-up The intervention procedures were performed according to standard clinical practice through the radial or femoral arteries using 6 or 7 French guiding catheters. The use of intracoronary imaging (intravascular ultrasonography or optical coherence tomography) was performed before and after the stent deployment. Postdilatation was performed if intracoronary imaging showed insufficient stent expansion or apposition. Kissing balloon inflation for bifurcation lesions were performed based on each operator's discretion. All unplanned procedures or complications during PCI were recorded. Patients were followed up, and clinical data were obtained from hospital records, or by telephone interviews when patients did not attend the outpatient clinic. Statistics We assessed ISP on stented-segment basis; for example, an overlapping stent were counted as one stented segment. Continuous variables were presented as the means ± standard deviations and compared using the Student's t-test or Mann–Whitney U test as appropriate. Categorical data were compared using the chi-square or Fisher's exact test. All probability values were two-sided, and a p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. All statistical analyses were performed using JMP version 18.0.1 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Results The study population (mean age, 73 ± 12 years; 71% male) consisted of 140 patients (140 vessels, 144 lesions, 142 stents, and 141 stented segments) with the current-model BP-SESs and 109 patients (109 vessels, 122 lesions, 122 stents, and 115 stented segments) with the old-models (Table 1). ISP occurred in 7.8% (11/141) of the current-model BP-SESs and 12.2% (14/115) of the old-models. In the current and old-model BP-SES groups, small-caliber stents (2.25–2.5 mm) represented 100% (142/142 stents) versus 34.4% (42/122 stents), with a significant difference (p 45° were not different between both groups. Calcified lesions, non-overlapped multiple stents, and kissing balloon inflation were more common in the old-model group. We compared the ISP group with the non-ISP group (Table 2). Calcified lesions were more common in the ISP group (44%, 11/25 stented segments) than in the non-ISP group (24.7%, 57/231 stented segments; p = 0.047). Lesion angulation >45° was also more common in the ISP group (28%, 7/25 stented segments) than in the non-ISP group (13%, 30/231 stented segments; p = 0.04). However, there was no difference in the proportion of reference diameter, American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association classification type B2/C lesions, bifurcation lesion, balloon diameter, stented-segment length, multiple stents, and kissing balloon inflation between the ISP and non-ISP groups. "Stent type: the current model", "stent diameter", "lesion angulation > 45°", and "lesion calcification" were included in multiple logistic regression analysis (Table 3). "Lesion angulation > 45°" was the independent predictor of ISP occurrence. In contrast, "Stent type: the current model" (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.10-0.85, p = 0.02) was the independent predictor of ISP avoidance. In a subgroup analysis focused on small-caliber stents (≤2.5 mm), ISP rate was lower in the current-model (7.8%, 11/141 stented segments) compared to the old-model (21.6%, 8/37 stented segments; p = 0.02). During the study period, there were no complications directly related to ISP, although mean fluoroscopy time was longer in the ISP group (25.9 min in the ISP group vs. 19.0 min in the non-ISP group, p=0.03). In the non-ISP groups, there were periprocedural myocardial infarction due to slow flow (2 patients, 0.9%) and non-clinical perforation caused by a guidewire (2 patients, 0.9%), which did not lead to a serious consequence. There were no procedure-related cardiac tamponade, cardiac shock, or in-hospital death. Follow-up data There was no difference in target lesion failure between the two groups with a one-year clinical follow-up rate of 99.6%. Two cardiac deaths (2/25 patients, 8%) occurred in the ISP group: one was a death of unknown cause 30 days after the index PCI; the other case, in which an insertable cardiac monitor had been implanted for ventricular tachycardia during the same hospitalization as the index PCI, died suddenly 8 days after the index PCI. Discussion The present retrospective observational study suggests that ISP—a concern with the old-model BP-SES—has been addressed in the current model. A difference in the frequency of ISP was observed between the current- and old-model BP-SES in the multivariate analysis. A previous study demonstrated that ISP occurred in 4.2% (72 of the 1,727 patients) of PCIs using old-model BP-SESs [11]. Another observational study demonstrated a higher ISP frequency in the old-model BP-SES compared to the bioresorbable polymer-coated everolimus-eluting stent [12]. ISPs are often encountered in daily PCI procedures. A tip of a catheter device sometimes hits a stent which is normally deployed. When such an ISP occurs, the catheter device can usually be passed by changing wire bias, while additional devices, such as a buddy wire, a brand-new balloon, or a guide-extension catheter, are occasionally required. Consequently, the fluoroscopy time and device cost in PCI may increase, or final intracoronary imaging to confirm stent apposition or expansion may be abandoned. The old-model BP-SES had acutely angled crowns when deployed. In addition, a structural feature of the Ultimaster™ stent—specifically, the crown edges protruding into vessel lumen so that the pointed part of the crown does not pierce the vessel wall—may had contributed to the higher incidence of ISP. On the other hand, the current-model BP-SES for small vessels (Ultimaster Nagomi™ SV) has shortened longitudinal crown width which enables an obtuse angle of the crown, decreasing the incidence of ISP. Limitations The current study has several notable limitations. First, the average stent diameter significantly differs between the current- and old-model BP-SES group because of the size-limited design modification of the current-model BP-SES and interference from the clinical research being conducted simultaneously at our hospital, although statistical adjustments (i.e. multivariate and subgroup analysis) were performed. Second, although consensus between two evaluators were mandatory for determining ISP, subjectivity may be involved in assessing ISP. Third, there was a four-year difference in the timing of treatment the current- and old-model BP-SES group. Forth, although variables such as calcification and bifurcation were not associated with ISP in the present study, this may be due to the small sample size. Conclusion The present study suggests that the incidence of the impeded-by-stent phenomenon is lower with the current-model bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent compared to the old model. Abbreviations BP-SES, bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent; DES, drug-eluting stent; ISP, impeded-by-stent phenomenon; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention Declarations Conflicts of Interest: T.F. serves as a technical consultant for TERUMO company; S.K. receives lecture fees from TERUMO company. The other authors report no conflicts. Acknowledgement: The authors are thankful to our staff in the catheter laboratory at Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic. Funding None Availability of data and materials All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files]. Clinical trial number Not applicable Consent for publication Written consent for publication was obtained from all the patients. Ethics approval and consent to participate This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board. References Wijns W, Valdes-Chavarri M, Richardt G, Moreno R, Íñiguez-Romo A, Barbato E, et al. Long-term clinical outcomes after bioresorbable and permanent polymer drug-eluting stent implantation: final five-year results of the CENTURY II randomised clinical trial. EuroIntervention. 2018;14(3):e343-e351. William PD, Mamas MA, Morgan KP, El-Omar M, Clarke B, Bainbridge A, et al. Longitudinal stent deformation: a retrospective analysis of frequency and mechanisms. EuroIntervention. 2012;8(2):267-274. Mamas MA, William PD. Longitudinal stent deformation: insights on mechanisms, treatments and outcomes from the Food and Drug Administration Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database. EuroIntervention. 2012;8(2):196-204. Kuramitsu S, Iwabuchi M, Haraguchi T, Domei T, Nagae A, Hyodo M, et al. Incidence and clinical impact of stent fracture after everolimus-eluting stent implantation. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2012;5(5):663-671. Foin N, Mario CD, Francis DP, Davies JE. Stent flexibility versus concertina effect: Mechanism of an unpleasant trade-off in stent design and its implications for stent selection in the cath-lab. Int J Cardiol. 2013;164(3):259-261. Würtz M, Christiansen EH, Kristensen SD, Holm NR. Accidentally crushed stent during complex bifurcation treatment. A potential cause of very late stent thrombosis. Int J Cardiol. 2015:197:113-115. Yamamura S, Fujisue K, Tsujita K, Sakamoto K, Miyazaki Y, Kaikita K,et al. Optical coherence tomography visualization of stent deformation with subsequent thrombus adhesion at very early phase after everolimus-eluting stent implantation: a case report. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2016;16:116. Kobayashi N, Hata N, Okazaki H, Shimizu W. Longitudinal stent deformation as a cause of very late stent thrombosis: Optical coherence tomography images. Int J Cardiol. 2016;202:601-603. Balleby IR, Terkelsen CJ, Christiansen EH, Holm NR. Stent collapse after guide extension catheter collision. Signature procedural finding by optical coherence tomography. Int J Cardiol. 2016;202:488-489. Andreasen LN, Neghabat O, Laanmets P, Kumsars I, Bennett J, Olsen NT, et al. Unintended Deformation of Stents During Bifurcation PCI: An OCTOBER Trial Substudy. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2024;17(9):1106-1115. Tadano Y, Kotani J, Kashima Y, Hachinohe D, Watanabe T, Sugie T, et al. Predictors of clinical outcomes after coronary implantation of bioresorbable polymer sirolimus-eluting ultimaster stents in all-comers: a report of 1,727 cases. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;94(1):91–97. Tadano Y, Kotani J, Kanno D, Hachinohe D, Sugie T, Kaneko U, et al. Incidence, Predictors, and Clinical Impact of the Impeded-By-Stent Phenomenon After Placing Two-Linked Design New Generation Drug-Eluting Stents. Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2023;51:10-17. Tables Table 1 Comparison between the current-model Ultimaster Nagomi TM SV stent group and the old-model Ultimaster Tansei TM stent group. Current-model group (Ultimaster Nagomi™ SV) Old-model group (Ultimster Tansei™) p- value Patient characteristics Per patient (n = 249) n = 140 patients n = 109 patients Age, years 73.2 ± 11.9 72.8 ± 12.0 0.92 Male sex, n (%) 100 (71.4) 77 (70.6) 0.89 Hypertension, n (%) 109 (77.9) 86 (78.9) 0.84 Dyslipidemia, n (%) 126 (90.0) 86 (78.9) 0.01 Diabetes mellitus, n (%) 59 (42.1) 34 (31.2) 0.08 Chronic kidney disease, n (%) 52 (37.1) 39 (35.8) 0.82 Hemodialysis, n (%) 7 (5.0) 6 (5.5) 0.86 Previous myocardial infarction, n (%) 19 (13.6) 21 (19.3) 0.23 Previous PCI, n (%) 52 (37.1) 44 (40.4) 0.60 Previous CABG, n (%) 4 (2.9) 5 (4.6) 0.47 Ejection fraction < 40%, n (%) 3 (2.1) 4 (3.7) 0.47 Multivessel disease, n (%) 84 (60.0) 67 (61.5) 0.81 NSTEMI, n (%) 1 (0.7) 1 (0.9) 0.86 STEMI, n (%) 6 (4.3) 2 (1.8) 0.26 Lesion characteristics Per lesion (n = 266) n = 144 lesions n = 122 lesions AHA/ ACC type B2/C, n (%) 117 (81.3) 99 (81.1) 0.98 Calcification mild–severe, n (%) 31 (21.5) 40 (32.8) 0.04 Lesion angulation > 45°, n (%) 26 (18.1) 32 (26.2) 0.11 Bifurcation, n (%) 34 (23.8) 37 (30.3) 0.23 Chronic total occlusion, n (%) 3 (2.1) 2 (1.6) 0.79 In-stent restenosis, n (%) 3 (2.1) 0 (0.0) 0.05 Lesion location 0.004 RCA, n (%) 26 (18.1) 38 (31.1) LAD, n (%) 64 (44.4) 60 (49.2) LCX, n (%) 53 (36.8) 23 (18.9) Left main stem, n (%) 0 (0) 1 (0.8) Bypass graft, n (%) 1 (0.7) 0 (0) Reference diameter, mm 2.0 ± 0.3 2.8 ± 0.6 < 0.0001 Minimum lumen diameter, mm 0.7 ± 0.3 1.0 ± 0.4 < 0.0001 Diameter stenosis, % 63.7 ± 16.1 63.4 ± 10.9 0.75 Lesion length, mm 12.8 ± 5.6 15.3 ± 7.3 0.01 Procedural characteristics Per vessel (n = 249) n = 140 vessels n = 109 vessels Access site 0.02 Right radial artery, n (%) 111 (79.3) 79 (72.5) Left radial artery, n (%) 8 (5.7) 18 (16.5) Femoral artery, n (%) 21 (15.0) 12 (11.0) Rotational atherectomy, n (%) 14 (10.0) 14 (12.8) 0.48 Use of guide-extension catheter, n (%) 17 (12.1) 4 (3.7) 0.01 Multiple stent, n (%) 2 (1.4) 13 (11.9) 0.0004 Overlap stenting, n (%) 1 (0.7) 7 (6.4) 0.009 Non-overlap, n (%) 1 (0.7) 6 (5.5) 0.002 Per stented segment (n = 256) n = 141 stented segments n = 115 stented segments Pre-dilatation, n (%) 141 (100) 114 (99.1) 0.21 Diameter of pre-dilatation balloon, mm 2.4 ± 0.2 2.9 ± 0.5 <0.0001 Kissing balloon inflation, n (%) 8 (5.7) 27 (23.5) <0.0001 Stented segment length, mm 29.6 ± 11.4 31.2 ± 11.1 0.17 Per stent (n = 264) n = 142 stents n = 122 stents Stent diameter, mm 2.4 ± 0.1 3.0 ± 0.5 <0.0001 2.25 mm, n (%) 44 (31.0) 0 (0) 2.5 mm, n (%) 98 (69.0) 42 (34.4) 3 mm, n (%) 0 (0) 37 (30.3) 3.5 mm, n (%) 0 (0) 33 (27.0) 4 mm, n (%) 0 (0) 10 (8.2) Procedural outcomes Per stented segment (n = 256) n = 141 stented segments n = 115 stented segments Impeded-by-stent phenomenon, n (%) 11 (7.8) 14 (12.2) 0.24 Major impeded-by-stent phenomenon, n (%) 0 (0) 1 (0.9) Minor impeded-by-stent phenomenon, n (%) 11 (7.8) 13 (11.3) Per patient (n = 249) n = 140 patients n = 109 patients Post-procedural diameter stenosis, % 5.5 ± 6.8 5.7 ± 8.1 0.62 Post-procedural minimum lumen diameter, mm 2.4 ± 0.4 3.0 ± 0.5 <0.0001 Fluoroscopy time, min 19.4 ± 17.0 19.7 ± 12.1 0.12 Coronary perforation, n (%) 2 (1.4) 0 (0.0) 0.12 Cardiac tamponade, n (%) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1.00 Periprocedural myocardial infarction, n (%) 2 (1.4) 1 (0.9) 0.71 In-hospital death, n (%) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1.00 One-year clinical follow-up rate, n (%) 139 (99.3) 109 (100) 0.35 One-year target lesion failure, n (%) 3 (2.1) 3 (2.8) 0.76 One-year target lesion revascularization, n (%) 0 (0) 2 (1.8) 0.07 One-year target vessel myocardial infarction, n (%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.00 One-year cardiac death, n (%) 3 (2.1) 1 (0.9) 0.43 One-year non-cardiac death, n (%) 8 (5.7) 5 (4.6) 0.69 Values are numbers (%) or mean ± SD. AHA/ACC, American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; ISP, impeded-by stent phenomenon; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; NSTEMI, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; RCA, right coronary artery; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Table 2 Comparison between the stented segments with and without impeded-by-stent phenomenon (ISP). ISP group n = 25 stented segments Non-ISP group n = 231 stented segments p- value Age, years 73.2 ± 11.6 73.3 ± 11.9 0.82 Male sex, n (%) 17 (68.0) 166 (71.9) 0.69 Hypertension, n (%) 23 (92.0) 178 (77.1) 0.06 Dyslipidemia, n (%) 22 (88.0) 194 (84.0) 0.59 Diabetes mellitus, n (%) 12 (48.0) 83 (35.9) 0.24 Chronic kidney disease, n (%) 9 (36.0) 86 (37.2) 0.90 Hemodialysis, n (%) 0 (0) 14 (6.1) 0.09 Previous myocardial infarction, n (%) 3 (12.0) 38 (16.5) 0.55 Previous PCI, n (%) 11 (44.0) 87 (37.7) 0.54 Previous CABG, n (%) 2 (8.0) 7 (3.0) 0.26 Ejection fraction < 40%, n (%) 0 (0) 7 (3.0) 0.23 Multivessel disease, n (%) 16 (64.0) 140 (60.6) 0.74 NSTEMI, n (%) 0 (0) 2 (0.9) 0.52 STEMI, n (%) 1 (4) 7 (3) 0.80 AHA/ ACC type B2/C, n (%) 20 (80.0) 157 (68.0) 0.20 Calcification mild–severe, n (%) 11 (44.0) 57 (24.7) 0.047 Lesion angulation > 45°, n (%) 7 (28.0) 30 (13.0) 0.04 Bifurcation, n (%) 10 (40.0) 60 (26.1) 0.15 Chronic total occlusion, n (%) 0 (0) 5 (2.2) 0.31 In-stent restenosis, n (%) 1 (4.0) 2 (0.9) 0.26 Lesion location 0.051 RCA, n (%) 3 (12.0) 57 (24.7) LAD, n (%) 16 (64.0) 102 (44.2) LCX, n (%) 5 (20.0) 71 (30.7) Left main stem, n (%) 1 (4.0) 0 (0) Bypass graft, n (%) 0 (0) 1 (0.4) Reference diameter, mm 2.37 ± 0.66 2.37 ± 0.60 0.83 Minimum lumen diameter, mm 0.65 ± 0.35 0.75 ± 0.32 0.26 Diameter stenosis, % 65.1 ± 15.9 63.7 ± 16.4 0.79 Lesion length, mm 15.6 ± 6.9 14.1 ± 6.7 0.33 Radial artery access, n (%) 4 (16.0) 31(13.4) 0.73 Rotational atherectomy, n (%) 3 (12.0) 26 (11.3) 0.91 Use of guide-extension catheter, n (%) 3 (12.0) 20 (8.7) 0.59 Multiple stent, n (%) 3 (12.0) 19 (8.2) 0.54 Pre-dilatation, n (%) 25 (100) 229 (99.1) 0.52 Diameter of pre-dilatation balloon, mm 2.51 ± 0.41 2.60 ± 0.43 0.10 Kissing balloon inflation, n (%) 7 (28.0) 29 (12.6) 0.054 Stented segment length, mm 33.7 ± 15.3 30.0 ± 10.7 0.33 Stent type: the current-model, n (%) 11 (44.0) 130 (56.3) 0.24 Stent diameter, mm 2.6 ± 0.4 2.7 ± 0.5 0.34 2.25 mm, n (%) 6 (24) 38 (16.5) 2.5 mm, n (%) 13 (52) 121 (52.4) 3 mm, n (%) 2 (8) 35 (15.2) 3.5 mm, n (%) 4 (16) 28 (12.1) 4 mm, n (%) 0 (0) 9 (3.9) Post-procedural diameter stenosis, % 6.9 ± 8.9 5.4 ± 7.2 0.23 Post-procedural minimum lumen diameter, mm 2.6 ±0.5 2.7 ± 0.5 0.24 Fluoroscopy time, min 25.9 ± 3.0 19.0 ± 1.0 0.03 Periprocedural myocardial infarction, n (%) 0 (0) 2 (0.9) 0.52 Coronary perforation, n (%) 0 (0) 2 (0.9) 0.52 Cardiac tamponade, n (%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.00 One-year clinical follow-up rate, n (%) 25 (100) 230 (99.6) 0.65 One-year target lesion failure, n (%) 1 (4) 5 (2.2) 0.60 One-year target lesion revascularization, n (%) 0 (0) 2 (0.9) 0.52 One-year target vessel myocardial infarction, n (%) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1.00 One-year cardiac death, n (%) 2 (8) 2 (0.9) 0.04 One-year non-cardiac death, n (%) 1 (4) 12 (5.2) 0.79 Values are numbers (%) or mean ± SD. AHA/ACC, American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology; BP-SES, bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting Ultimaster TM stent; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; ISP, impeded-by stent phenomenon; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; NSTEMI, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; RCA, right coronary artery; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Table 3 Predictors of impeded-by-stent phenomenon. Variables Multivariate analysis Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) p -value Stent type: the current model 0.29 (0.10–0.85) 0.02 Lesion angulation > 45° 3.11 (1.12–8.65) 0.03 Stent diameter (mm) 0.27 (0.07–1.03) 0.06 Lesion calcification mild–severe 1.95 (0.80–4.75) 0.14 Additional Declarations Competing interest reported. T.F. serves as a technical consultant for the TERUMO corporation. S.K. receives lecture fees from the TERUMO corporation. The other authors report no conflicts. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6832103","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":484775052,"identity":"1987cac5-8107-4ce0-828e-71d407df1952","order_by":0,"name":"Yutaka Tadano","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA+ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACxgYwlQDEFUDMzNxAQAMzWIsERMsZkAAjKVoY25BsxQUMbuQf/DijhqGOvz352YOP82qj+duBWn5UbMOjJZlZcsMxBgmJM8/MDWduO5474zBjA2PPmdv4tDBIPmADOuxGgpk077ZjuQ1ALcyMbXi1MP988I9BQv5G+jdp3jnHcucToYVNcmMbg4TBjRygLQ01uRsIaZE889jMcmafhOTGM2/KJGccO5C7EajlID6/8B1PfHyz55sNv9zx9G0SH2rqcuedP3zwwY8K3FoUDoApCRj/MJg8gFM9EMg3oPLr8CkeBaNgFIyCEQoAZ2xejr3kMFoAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yutaka","middleName":"","lastName":"Tadano","suffix":""},{"id":484775053,"identity":"768c702b-c9cd-45cb-8977-9bcfb9fca33a","order_by":1,"name":"Shoichi Kuramitsu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shoichi","middleName":"","lastName":"Kuramitsu","suffix":""},{"id":484775054,"identity":"fa291488-6605-45b4-82ec-d8962b6d5283","order_by":2,"name":"Daisuke Hachinohe","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Daisuke","middleName":"","lastName":"Hachinohe","suffix":""},{"id":484775055,"identity":"4d0eb496-5a3e-45e0-9f6c-2becf8513c93","order_by":3,"name":"Bayushi Eka Putra","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Bayushi","middleName":"Eka","lastName":"Putra","suffix":""},{"id":484775056,"identity":"22bf363c-9e7c-4759-9073-7606fbc9d62e","order_by":4,"name":"Nobuki Matsuna","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nobuki","middleName":"","lastName":"Matsuna","suffix":""},{"id":484775057,"identity":"321b1035-aa83-4d1a-a842-1fac06ef7e59","order_by":5,"name":"Takuro Sugie","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Takuro","middleName":"","lastName":"Sugie","suffix":""},{"id":484775058,"identity":"01750914-5ed5-4ef5-a51e-69ec6c559fb1","order_by":6,"name":"Umihiko Kaneko","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Umihiko","middleName":"","lastName":"Kaneko","suffix":""},{"id":484775059,"identity":"13b8bb32-1d94-4b7f-8cde-4225bb63f1c6","order_by":7,"name":"Ken Kobayashi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ken","middleName":"","lastName":"Kobayashi","suffix":""},{"id":484775060,"identity":"3421b0bd-f433-4ea4-bd31-a35d6862b242","order_by":8,"name":"Daitaro Kanno","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Daitaro","middleName":"","lastName":"Kanno","suffix":""},{"id":484775061,"identity":"c35c5a70-9443-402c-8777-1a5d715f52d7","order_by":9,"name":"Tsutomu Fujita","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tsutomu","middleName":"","lastName":"Fujita","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-06-05 21:53:10","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6832103/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6832103/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":86671542,"identity":"c698e937-6e2c-4862-a463-b377e36adac6","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-14 11:37:49","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":2996063,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eStudy population.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6832103/v1/a78ffa2a7c10244c1a86eba3.png"},{"id":86671545,"identity":"4f5dccf9-b376-452e-a470-945b248bacf3","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-14 11:37:49","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":15361955,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eA typical case experiencing impeded-by-stent phenomenon during percutaneous coronary intervention. (A) The delivery of an imaging catheter was being temporarily hindered. However, having the patient take a deep breath allowed the imaging catheter to pass through. (B) The guidewire was in contact with the stent struts and was sandwiched between them. Impeded-by-stent phenomenon occurred at this site.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6832103/v1/7cca622cdae72f29dfb992c6.png"},{"id":86671543,"identity":"13347bf6-4b7d-4971-8a3a-1e291df77999","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-14 11:37:49","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":10713434,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eDiagram showing structural modification in the current-model Ultimaster Nagomi\u003csup\u003eTM\u003c/sup\u003e SV stent. The crowns have obtuse angles when expanded, in contrast to the acute-angled crowns of the old model. The struts of the current model have a square cross-sectional shape.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6832103/v1/7b77a7e91ccb653b883ed782.png"},{"id":88277747,"identity":"b6f727fc-ea82-4e7d-92c3-7bc15eb52bf1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-08-04 18:39:55","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":28897213,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6832103/v1/67546129-479a-438e-bde9-804cd73803d1.pdf"},{"id":86673244,"identity":"febf04b9-089c-4a79-a538-37526dde3f7d","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-07-14 11:45:49","extension":"xlsx","order_by":3,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":112455,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Rawdata.xlsx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6832103/v1/ea059e889aabc48696506974.xlsx"}],"financialInterests":"Competing interest reported. T.F. serves as a technical consultant for the TERUMO corporation.\nS.K. receives lecture fees from the TERUMO corporation. \nThe other authors report no conflicts.","formattedTitle":"Decrease in the frequency of impeded-by-stent phenomenon in the current-model bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eDrug-eluting stents (DESs), whose reduced strut thickness and refined polymers contribute to overcoming drawbacks, have played an important role in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) [1]. However, thin-strut DESs still have concerns about metallic platform-related problem which can lead to stent thrombosis, emergent coronary artery bypass grafting, myocardial infarction, and death [2\u0026ndash;10].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe forward movement of a catheter device can be temporarily impeded by a newly deployed stent which does not have significant deformation; this phenomenon is called impeded-by-stent phenomenon (ISP) [11, 12]. Modern stent platforms with thinner struts and reduced number of connective links may have been associated with ISP. In a typical ISP case, the tip of a post-dilatation balloon or imaging catheter hits a stent, potentially prolonging procedure time or requiring additional devices.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe bioresorbable polymer drug-eluting stent is referred to as a third-generation stent, which is relatively new and might be on its way to replace the previous generation. Its strong point is mainly due to the biodegradable polymer which dissolves by itself after 3-4 months, potentially reducing the late stent thrombosis event due to the inflammatory response to the polymer coating. Ultimaster Tansei\u0026trade; is a development of the first-generation Ultimaster\u0026trade; focusing on improvements to the delivery system. Meanwhile, Ultimaster Nagomi\u0026trade; is the latest generation offering a better expansion capability, and further improvements in deliverability, as well as a design optimized for various vessel sizes. We reported that the old-model bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting Ultimaster\u003csup\u003eTM\u003c/sup\u003e stent (BP-SES) face ISP more frequently than the bioresorbable polymer-coated everolimus-eluting stent [12]. The current study aimed to compare the incidence of ISP between the current-model Nagomi\u0026trade; SV and the old-model Tansei\u0026trade; BP-SES.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudy design\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this single-center, observational study to compare the incidence of ISP between two types of BP-SESs, we used old-model Ultimaster Tansei™ stents (Terumo corporation, Japan) in October 2018, followed by current-model Ultimaster Nagomi\u003csup\u003eTM\u003c/sup\u003e SV stents (Terumo corporation, Japan) from January to April 2022, in all-comers patients who required stents (Fig. 1\u0026nbsp;illustrates the\u0026nbsp;study population). The current model BP-SES only includes sizes 2.25 and 2.5 mm, because the structural improvement (i.e., shortened longitudinal crown width) of current-model BP-SES is limited to sizes 2.25 and 2.5 mm. In contrast, old-model BP-SESs used in this study were 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, and 4 mm because another study using 2.25 mm stents was ongoing during the study period (i.e., another stent had to be used for the 2.25 mm size). Cases using other types of stents simultaneously in a same vessel are excluded. The institutional review board approved the study protocol, and the study was conducted following the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. All the patients provided written informed consent.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDefinitions, measurement, and outcomes\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eISP was defined as a collision between the tip of a catheter device and a newly deployed stent,\u0026nbsp;which cause a backward motion of the guiding catheter (Fig. 2\u0026nbsp;illustrates a typical ISP during PCI). Basically, ISP is a phenomenon occurring in normally placed stents, therefore, collisions with a deformed stent are not classified as ISP. Also, collisions that occur when a balloon passes through the stent struts toward a side branch are not classified as ISP. ISPs were graded based on how operators deal with them: minor (without additional devices) or major (requiring additional devices). For example, minor ISPs were typically resolved by having the patient breathe deeply, by altering the position of the guidewire or the guiding catheter (i.e., change in the positional bias), or by deep seating/insertion of the guiding catheter. Major ISPs typically require the placement of another guidewire (i.e. buddy-wire technique), a brand-new balloon catheter, or a guide-extension catheter.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMain operators and assistant operators carefully observed the motion of catheter devices which move through a newly deployed stent, and separately completed a questionnaire about the ISP experience immediately after the PCI sessions. If a main operator and assistant operator disagreed, they made a final decision after a film review and discussion. Cases where both the operators agree were classified as ISP.\u0026nbsp;The quantitative measurements were performed by a single investigator, who was unaware of the study design.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe primary outcome was ISP. The secondary outcome was\u0026nbsp;target lesion failure, defined as the composite of target-vessel myocardial infarction, cardiac death, and any target lesion revascularization,\u0026nbsp;at one-year follow-up. A creatine kinase–muscle/brain (CK-MB) value ≥3 times the upper limit of normal level was required to be defined as a myocardial infarction. Cardiac death includes a death of unknown cause. Target lesion revascularization included the reintervention for restenosis lesions 5 mm distal or proximal to the stent edges.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudy devices\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBoth the current- and old-model BP-SES are a thin-strut (80μm) cobalt‑chromium stent with a two-link and open-cell structure. The abluminal coating of poly (d, l-lactic acid)- poly(caprolactone) copolymers has a thickness of 15μm and is designed for gradual drug release over approximately three months.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the current-model BP-SES, long-axis distance between the top and the bottom of a crown, named crown width, is shortened compared to the old-model (Fig. 3\u0026nbsp;is a diagram showing structural modification in the current-model Ultimaster Nagomi\u003csup\u003eTM\u003c/sup\u003e SV stent). As a result of this improvement, the current model has obtuse-angled crowns, unlike the old model. The cross-sectional strut width of the current model become 10μm shorter than that of the old model, resulting in a square-shaped strut cross-section.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIntervention procedure and follow-up\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe intervention procedures were performed according to standard clinical practice through the radial or femoral arteries using 6 or 7 French guiding catheters. The use of intracoronary imaging (intravascular ultrasonography or optical coherence tomography) was performed before and after the stent deployment. Postdilatation was performed if intracoronary imaging showed insufficient stent expansion or apposition. Kissing balloon inflation for bifurcation lesions were performed based on each operator's discretion. All unplanned procedures or complications during PCI were recorded. Patients were followed up, and clinical data were obtained from hospital records, or by telephone interviews when patients did not attend the outpatient clinic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStatistics\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe assessed ISP on stented-segment basis; for example, an overlapping stent were counted as one stented segment. Continuous variables were presented as the means ± standard deviations and compared using the Student's t-test or Mann–Whitney U test as appropriate. Categorical data were compared using the chi-square or Fisher's exact test. All probability values were two-sided, and a p value of \u0026lt;0.05 was considered statistically significant. All statistical analyses were performed using JMP version 18.0.1 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe study population (mean age, 73 ± 12 years; 71% male) consisted of 140 patients (140 vessels, 144 lesions, 142 stents, and 141 stented segments) with the current-model BP-SESs and 109 patients (109 vessels, 122 lesions, 122 stents, and 115 stented segments) with the old-models (Table 1). ISP occurred in 7.8% (11/141) of the current-model BP-SESs and 12.2% (14/115) of the old-models. In the current and old-model BP-SES groups, small-caliber stents (2.25–2.5 mm) represented 100% (142/142 stents) versus 34.4% (42/122 stents), with a significant difference (p \u0026lt; 0.0001). Stented-segment length and the proportion of lesion angulation \u0026gt; 45° were not different between both groups.\u0026nbsp;Calcified lesions, non-overlapped multiple stents, and kissing balloon inflation were more common in the old-model group.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe compared the ISP group with the non-ISP group (Table 2). Calcified lesions were more common in the ISP group (44%, 11/25 stented segments) than in the non-ISP group (24.7%, 57/231 stented segments; p = 0.047). Lesion angulation \u0026gt;45°\u0026nbsp;was also more common in the ISP group (28%, 7/25 stented segments) than in the non-ISP group (13%, 30/231 stented segments; p = 0.04). However, there was no difference in the proportion of reference diameter, American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association classification type B2/C lesions, bifurcation lesion, balloon diameter, stented-segment length, multiple stents, and kissing balloon inflation between the ISP and non-ISP groups.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\"Stent type: the current model\", \"stent diameter\", \"lesion angulation \u0026gt; 45°\", and \"lesion calcification\" were included in multiple logistic regression analysis (Table 3). \"Lesion angulation \u0026gt; 45°\" was the independent predictor of ISP occurrence. In contrast, \"Stent type: the current model\" (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.10-0.85, p = 0.02) was the independent predictor of ISP avoidance. In a subgroup analysis focused on small-caliber stents (≤2.5 mm), ISP rate was lower in the current-model (7.8%, 11/141 stented segments) compared to the old-model (21.6%, 8/37 stented segments; p = 0.02).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDuring the study period, there were no complications directly related to ISP, although mean fluoroscopy time was longer in the ISP group (25.9 min in the ISP group vs. 19.0 min in the non-ISP group, p=0.03). In the non-ISP groups, there were periprocedural myocardial infarction due to slow flow (2 patients, 0.9%) and non-clinical perforation caused by a guidewire (2 patients, 0.9%), which did not lead to a serious consequence. There were no procedure-related cardiac tamponade, cardiac shock, or in-hospital death.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFollow-up data\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere was no difference in target lesion failure between the two groups with a one-year clinical follow-up rate of 99.6%. Two cardiac deaths (2/25 patients, 8%) occurred in the ISP group: one was a death of unknown cause 30 days after the index PCI; the other case, in which an insertable cardiac monitor had been implanted for ventricular tachycardia during the same hospitalization as the index PCI, died suddenly 8 days after the index PCI.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe present retrospective observational study suggests that ISP—a concern with the old-model BP-SES—has been addressed in the current model. A difference in the frequency of ISP was observed between the current- and old-model BP-SES in the multivariate analysis.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA previous study demonstrated that ISP occurred in 4.2% (72 of the 1,727 patients) of PCIs using old-model BP-SESs [11]. Another observational study demonstrated a higher ISP frequency in the old-model BP-SES compared to the bioresorbable polymer-coated everolimus-eluting stent [12].\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eISPs are often encountered in daily PCI procedures. A tip of a catheter device sometimes hits a stent which is normally deployed. When such an ISP occurs, the catheter device can usually be passed by changing wire bias, while additional devices, such as a buddy wire, a brand-new balloon, or a guide-extension catheter, are occasionally required. Consequently, the fluoroscopy time and device cost in PCI may increase, or final intracoronary imaging to confirm stent apposition or expansion may be abandoned.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe old-model BP-SES had acutely angled crowns when deployed. In addition, a structural feature of the Ultimaster™ stent—specifically, the crown edges protruding into vessel lumen so that the pointed part of the crown does not pierce the vessel wall—may had contributed to the higher incidence of ISP. On the other hand, the current-model BP-SES for small vessels (Ultimaster Nagomi™ SV) has shortened longitudinal crown width which enables an obtuse angle of the crown, decreasing the incidence of ISP.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Limitations","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe current study has several notable limitations. First, the average stent diameter significantly differs between the current- and old-model BP-SES group because of the size-limited design modification of the current-model BP-SES and interference from the clinical research being conducted simultaneously at our hospital, although statistical adjustments (i.e. multivariate and subgroup analysis) were performed. Second, although consensus between two evaluators were mandatory for determining ISP, subjectivity may be involved in assessing ISP. Third, there was a four-year difference in the timing of treatment the current- and old-model BP-SES group. Forth, although variables such as calcification and bifurcation were not associated with ISP in the present study, this may be due to the small sample size.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe present study suggests that the incidence of the impeded-by-stent phenomenon is lower with the current-model bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent compared to the old model.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Abbreviations","content":"\u003cp\u003eBP-SES, bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent; DES, drug-eluting stent; ISP, impeded-by-stent phenomenon; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003eConflicts of Interest: T.F. serves as a technical consultant for TERUMO company; S.K. receives lecture fees from TERUMO company. The other authors report no conflicts.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement: The authors are thankful to our staff in the catheter laboratory at Sapporo Cardio Vascular Clinic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNone\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAvailability of data and materials\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this published article [and its supplementary information files].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eClinical trial number\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWritten consent for publication was obtained from all the patients.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics approval and consent to participate\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study was approved by the Institutional Review Board.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWijns W, Valdes-Chavarri M, Richardt G, Moreno R, \u0026Iacute;\u0026ntilde;iguez-Romo A, Barbato E, et al. Long-term clinical outcomes after bioresorbable and permanent polymer drug-eluting stent implantation: final five-year results of the CENTURY II randomised clinical trial. EuroIntervention. 2018;14(3):e343-e351.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWilliam PD, Mamas MA, Morgan KP, El-Omar M, Clarke B, Bainbridge A, et al. Longitudinal stent deformation: a retrospective analysis of frequency and mechanisms. EuroIntervention. 2012;8(2):267-274.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMamas MA, William PD. Longitudinal stent deformation: insights on mechanisms, treatments and outcomes from the Food and Drug Administration Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience database. EuroIntervention. 2012;8(2):196-204.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKuramitsu S, Iwabuchi M, Haraguchi T, Domei T, Nagae A, Hyodo M, et al. Incidence and clinical impact of stent fracture after everolimus-eluting stent implantation. Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2012;5(5):663-671.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFoin N, Mario CD, Francis DP, Davies JE. Stent flexibility versus concertina effect: Mechanism of an unpleasant trade-off in stent design and its implications for stent selection in the cath-lab. Int J Cardiol. 2013;164(3):259-261.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eW\u0026uuml;rtz M, Christiansen EH, Kristensen SD, Holm NR. Accidentally crushed stent during complex bifurcation treatment. A potential cause of very late stent thrombosis. Int J Cardiol. 2015:197:113-115.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYamamura S, Fujisue K, Tsujita K, Sakamoto K, Miyazaki Y, Kaikita K,et al. Optical coherence tomography visualization of stent deformation with subsequent thrombus adhesion at very early phase after everolimus-eluting stent implantation: a case report. BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2016;16:116.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKobayashi N, Hata N, Okazaki H, Shimizu W. Longitudinal stent deformation as a cause of very late stent thrombosis: Optical coherence tomography images. Int J Cardiol. 2016;202:601-603.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBalleby IR, Terkelsen CJ, Christiansen EH, Holm NR. Stent collapse after guide extension catheter collision. Signature procedural finding by optical coherence tomography. Int J Cardiol. 2016;202:488-489.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAndreasen LN, Neghabat O, Laanmets P, Kumsars I, Bennett J, Olsen NT, et al. Unintended Deformation of Stents During Bifurcation PCI: An OCTOBER Trial Substudy. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2024;17(9):1106-1115.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTadano Y, Kotani J, Kashima Y, Hachinohe D, Watanabe T, Sugie T, et al. Predictors of clinical outcomes after coronary implantation of bioresorbable polymer sirolimus-eluting ultimaster stents in all-comers: a report of 1,727 cases. Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2019;94(1):91\u0026ndash;97.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTadano Y, Kotani J, Kanno D, Hachinohe D, Sugie T, Kaneko U, et al. Incidence, Predictors, and Clinical Impact of the Impeded-By-Stent Phenomenon After Placing Two-Linked Design New Generation Drug-Eluting Stents. Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2023;51:10-17.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 1\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Comparison between the current-model Ultimaster Nagomi\u003csup\u003eTM\u003c/sup\u003e SV stent group and the old-model Ultimaster Tansei\u003csup\u003eTM\u003c/sup\u003e stent group.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"617\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCurrent-model group\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;(Ultimaster Nagomi\u0026trade; SV)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOld-model group\u0026nbsp;\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;(Ultimster Tansei\u0026trade;)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep-\u003c/em\u003evalue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePatient characteristics\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Per patient (n = 249)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 140 patients\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 109 patients\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge, years\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73.2\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;11.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72.8\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;12.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale sex, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e100 (71.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77 (70.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHypertension,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e109 (77.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86 (78.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDyslipidemia, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e126 (90.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86 (78.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDiabetes mellitus, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59 (42.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34 (31.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic kidney disease, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52 (37.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39 (35.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHemodialysis, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (5.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (5.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrevious myocardial infarction, \u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19 (13.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21 (19.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrevious PCI, \u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52 (37.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44 (40.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrevious CABG, \u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (2.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (4.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEjection fraction \u0026lt; 40%,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (3.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultivessel disease, \u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84 (60.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67 (61.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNSTEMI,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTEMI,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (4.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (1.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLesion characteristics\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Per lesion (n = 266)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 144 lesions\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 122 lesions\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAHA/ ACC type B2/C, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e117 (81.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99 (81.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.98\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCalcification mild\u0026ndash;severe,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31 (21.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40 (32.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLesion angulation \u0026gt; 45\u0026deg;, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26 (18.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32 (26.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBifurcation,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34 (23.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37 (30.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic total occlusion,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (1.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn-stent restenosis, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLesion location\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; RCA, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26 (18.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38 (31.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLAD, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64 (44.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60 (49.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; LCX, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53 (36.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23 (18.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Left main stem, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Bypass graft, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReference diameter, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.0 \u0026plusmn; 0.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.8 \u0026plusmn; 0.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMinimum lumen diameter, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.7 \u0026plusmn; 0.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.0 \u0026plusmn; 0.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt; 0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDiameter stenosis, %\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63.7 \u0026plusmn; 16.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63.4 \u0026plusmn; 10.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLesion length, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.8 \u0026plusmn; 5.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.3 \u0026plusmn; 7.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProcedural characteristics\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePer vessel (n = 249)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 140 vessels\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 109 vessels\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Access site\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Right radial artery, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e111 (79.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79 (72.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Left radial artery, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8 (5.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18 (16.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Femoral artery, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21 (15.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (11.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRotational atherectomy, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (10.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (12.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.48\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUse of guide-extension catheter, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17 (12.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (3.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultiple stent, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (1.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13 (11.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Overlap stenting, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (6.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Non-overlap,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (5.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.002\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePer stented segment (n = 256)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 141 stented segments\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 115 stented segments\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-dilatation, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e141 (100)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e114 (99.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDiameter of pre-dilatation balloon, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.4 \u0026plusmn; 0.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.9 \u0026plusmn; 0.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKissing balloon inflation, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8 (5.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27 (23.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStented segment length, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.6 \u0026plusmn; 11.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31.2 \u0026plusmn; 11.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePer stent (n = 264)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 142 stents\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 122 stents\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStent diameter, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.4 \u0026plusmn; 0.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.0 \u0026plusmn; 0.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; 2.25 mm, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44 (31.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;2.5 mm, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98 (69.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42 (34.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; 3 mm, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37 (30.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;3.5 mm, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33 (27.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; 4 mm, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (8.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProcedural outcomes\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePer stented segment (n = 256)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 141 stented segments\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 115 stented segments\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eImpeded-by-stent phenomenon, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (7.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (12.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Major impeded-by-stent phenomenon, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Minor impeded-by-stent phenomenon, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (7.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13 (11.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePer patient (n = 249)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 140 patients\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 109 patients\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Post-procedural diameter stenosis, %\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.5\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;6.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;8.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Post-procedural minimum lumen diameter, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.4\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;0.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.0\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;0.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.0001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFluoroscopy time, min\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.4\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;17.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn; 12.1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoronary perforation, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (1.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCardiac tamponade, \u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeriprocedural myocardial infarction, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (1.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn-hospital death, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOne-year clinical follow-up rate, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e139 (99.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e109 (100)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOne-year target lesion failure, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (2.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOne-year target lesion revascularization, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (1.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOne-year target vessel myocardial infarction, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOne-year cardiac death, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 40.7468%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOne-year non-cardiac death, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 25.487%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8 (5.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 24.513%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (4.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 9.25325%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eValues are numbers (%) or mean \u0026plusmn; SD. AHA/ACC, American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; ISP, impeded-by stent phenomenon; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; NSTEMI, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; RCA, right coronary artery; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 2\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Comparison between the stented segments with and without impeded-by-stent phenomenon (ISP).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"560\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eISP group\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003en = 25 stented segments\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNon-ISP group\u003cbr\u003e\u0026nbsp;n = 231 stented segments\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep-\u003c/em\u003evalue\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge, years\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73.2\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;11.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73.3\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;11.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale sex, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17 (68.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e166 (71.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHypertension,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23 (92.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e178 (77.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDyslipidemia, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22 (88.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e194 (84.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDiabetes mellitus, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (48.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e83 (35.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic kidney disease, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (36.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86 (37.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHemodialysis, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14 (6.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrevious myocardial infarction, \u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (12.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38 (16.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrevious PCI, \u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (44.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e87 (37.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrevious CABG, \u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (8.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (3.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEjection fraction \u0026lt; 40%,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (3.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultivessel disease, \u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16 (64.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e140 (60.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNSTEMI,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSTEMI,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAHA/ ACC type B2/C, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 (80.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e157 (68.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCalcification mild\u0026ndash;severe,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (44.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57 (24.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.047\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLesion angulation \u0026gt; 45\u0026deg;, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (28.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30 (13.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBifurcation,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (40.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60 (26.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChronic total occlusion,\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;n\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (2.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn-stent restenosis, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLesion location\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.051\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; RCA, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (12.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57 (24.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLAD, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16 (64.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e102 (44.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; LCX, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (20.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71 (30.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Left main stem, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Bypass graft, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (0.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReference diameter, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.37\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;0.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.37 \u0026plusmn; 0.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMinimum lumen diameter, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.65\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;0.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.75\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;0.32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDiameter stenosis, %\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65.1\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;15.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;16.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLesion length, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.6\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;6.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.1 \u0026plusmn; 6.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRadial artery access, \u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (16.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31(13.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRotational atherectomy, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (12.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26 (11.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUse of guide-extension catheter, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (12.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20 (8.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultiple stent, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3 (12.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19 (8.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-dilatation, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25 (100)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e229 (99.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDiameter of pre-dilatation balloon, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.51\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;0.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.60\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;0.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eKissing balloon inflation, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7 (28.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29 (12.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.054\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStented segment length, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;15.3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.0\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;10.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Stent type: the current-model, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (44.0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e130 (56.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStent diameter, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.6\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;0.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;0.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; 2.25 mm, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6 (24)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38 (16.5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; 2.5 mm, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13 (52)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e121 (52.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; 3 mm, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35 (15.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;3.5 mm, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4 (16)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28 (12.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; 4 mm, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (3.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Post-procedural diameter stenosis, %\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.9\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;8.9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.4\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;7.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Post-procedural minimum lumen diameter, mm\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.6\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;0.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.7\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;0.5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFluoroscopy time, min\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.9\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;3.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.0\u0026nbsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026nbsp;1.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePeriprocedural myocardial infarction, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCoronary perforation, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCardiac tamponade, \u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOne-year clinical follow-up rate, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25 (100)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e230 (99.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.65\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOne-year target lesion failure, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5 (2.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOne-year target lesion revascularization, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOne-year target vessel myocardial infarction, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0 (0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOne-year cardiac death, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 (0.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44.3649%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOne-year non-cardiac death, \u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 (4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 23.6136%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12 (5.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 8.40787%;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eValues are numbers (%) or mean \u0026plusmn; SD. AHA/ACC, American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology; BP-SES, bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting Ultimaster\u003csup\u003eTM\u003c/sup\u003e stent; CABG, coronary artery bypass grafting; ISP, impeded-by stent phenomenon; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LCX, left circumflex artery; NSTEMI, non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; RCA, right coronary artery; STEMI, ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 3\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePredictors of impeded-by-stent phenomenon.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"367\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariables\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultivariate analysis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdjusted Odds Ratio\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(95% Confidence Interval)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e-value\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStent type: the current model\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.29 (0.10–0.85)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLesion angulation \u0026gt; 45°\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.11 (1.12–8.65)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStent diameter (mm)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.27 (0.07–1.03)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.06\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLesion calcification mild–severe\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.95 (0.80–4.75)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Drug-eluting stent, Percutaneous coronary intervention, Coronary artery disease, Complications","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6832103/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6832103/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground:\u003c/strong\u003e Impeded-by-stent phenomenon (ISP), which is a collision between a normally deployed stent and a tip of a catheter device, temporarily impedes the delivery of catheter devices during percutaneous coronary intervention. We investigated the incidence of ISP in the current-model bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent (BP-SES) compared with the old model.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods:\u003c/strong\u003e This single-center, observational study included the patients treated using old-model 2.5–4.0mm BP-SESs (Ultimaster Tansei™) in October 2018 and current-model 2.25–2.5mm BP-SESs (Ultimaster Nagomi\u003csup\u003eTM\u003c/sup\u003e SV) from January to April 2022 for patients requiring coronary stents. Two independent operators observed and judged occurrence of ISP, defined as device-delivery disturbances by a newly deployed stent.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults:\u003c/strong\u003e ISPs were observed in 25 of 256 stented segments (9.8%). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated the use of current-model BP-SESs (OR 0.29, 95 % CI 0.10–0.85, p = 0.02) was an independent predictor of ISP avoidance.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusions: \u003c/strong\u003eThis study indicates the current-model BP-SES demonstrates the reduced incidence of impeded-by-stent phenomenon.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Decrease in the frequency of impeded-by-stent phenomenon in the current-model bioresorbable polymer-coated sirolimus-eluting stent","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-07-14 11:37:44","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6832103/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"91cacfca-b141-4b24-9e19-b2afb90b2163","owner":[],"postedDate":"July 14th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-08-04T18:23:33+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-07-14 11:37:44","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6832103","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6832103","identity":"rs-6832103","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}