Maximum Excess Heat Production by Pair Annihilation of Ionic Vacancies

Maximum Excess Heat Production by Pair Annihilation of Ionic Vacancies | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Maximum Excess Heat Production by Pair Annihilation of Ionic Vacancies Atsushi Sugiyama, Makoto Miura, Yoshinobu Oshikiri, Ryoichi Morimoto, and 5 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4556686/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Ionic vacancies created in an electrode reaction freely transfer like gas molecules in free space without collisions of water molecules in the electrolyte solution. Based on the kinetic model of gases, the collision process between the ionic vacancies with opposite charges was theoretically examined, and to calculate the maximum excess heat emitted by their pair annihilation, the diagram of the maximum collision efficiency against vacancy collision-cross-section was established from the previous data. Then, using double and triple bipolar Pt-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) electrodes as well as a single one, we measured the maximum excess heat of the pair annihilation of monovalent vacancies in a ferricyanide-ferrocyanide redox reaction (FFRR) under a magnetic field of 15 T. The measured excess heats were in good agreement with the excess heats determined from the diagram. Physical sciences/Chemistry/Electrochemistry Physical sciences/Chemistry/Physical chemistry/Electron transfer Ionic vacancy excess heat production pair annihilation MHD electrode magnetic field Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files SCIREPSupplementTheoreticalMethodAandB20240713.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4556686","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":336809591,"identity":"2b83ff06-94ef-4a2e-b470-ccce8a366ca3","order_by":0,"name":"Atsushi Sugiyama","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Yoshino Denka Kogyo, Inc.","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Atsushi","middleName":"","lastName":"Sugiyama","suffix":""},{"id":336809592,"identity":"3b9031c9-a4ff-4649-a1d2-61ac2006a9eb","order_by":1,"name":"Makoto Miura","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Tohoku Polytechnic 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Based on the kinetic model of gases, the collision process between the ionic vacancies with opposite charges was theoretically examined, and to calculate the maximum excess heat emitted by their pair annihilation, the diagram of the maximum collision efficiency against vacancy collision-cross-section was established from the previous data. Then, using double and triple bipolar Pt-magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) electrodes as well as a single one, we measured the maximum excess heat of the pair annihilation of monovalent vacancies in a ferricyanide-ferrocyanide redox reaction (FFRR) under a magnetic field of 15 T. The measured excess heats were in good agreement with the excess heats determined from the diagram.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Maximum Excess Heat Production by Pair Annihilation of Ionic Vacancies","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-08-07 06:30:39","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4556686/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"01c9b1ba-a7ce-4e22-b898-6a01a2757481","owner":[],"postedDate":"August 7th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":35675439,"name":"Physical sciences/Chemistry/Electrochemistry"},{"id":35675440,"name":"Physical sciences/Chemistry/Physical chemistry/Electron transfer"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-12-30T12:09:53+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-08-07 06:30:39","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4556686","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4556686","identity":"rs-4556686","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}