Enhancing Wheat Nitrogen Uptake through the Combined Use of Crop Residues and Nitrification Inhibitors

Enhancing Wheat Nitrogen Uptake through the Combined Use of Crop Residues and Nitrification Inhibitors | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Enhancing Wheat Nitrogen Uptake through the Combined Use of Crop Residues and Nitrification Inhibitors Mir Ahmad Mousavi Shalmani, Mohammad Zaman, Maryam Khodashenas Rudsari, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7703528/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 03 Mar, 2026 Read the published version in International Journal of Plant Production → Version 1 posted 7 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Nitrification inhibitors (NIs) effectively reduce nitrogen (N) loss and enhance fertilizer use efficiency, leading to higher yields. While both NIs and crop residues reduce nitrification, their combined effects on N availability from different sources (soil, fertilizer, and residue) and plant uptake require further investigation. This study utilized a 15 N double-labeling field experiment ( 15 N-labeled residue with nonlabeled fertilizer and 15 N-labeled fertilizer with nonlabeled residue) to assess these effects. The treatments included ( 15 NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 with and without 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) at two residue levels. The measured parameters included soil mineral N availability ( 15 N-NO 3 − and 15 N-NH 4 + ), 15 N recovery, and yield components. The results indicate that NIs significantly increased wheat grain and straw yields only at 10 t ha − 1 residue application. The combined use of NIs and residues increased the available N from all three sources (fertilizer, soil, and residue). Regarding nitrogen use efficiency from the fertilizer source, NI is effective at all residue levels. Concerning nitrogen use efficiency from the residue, NI does not affect it. Residue application alone was insufficient to meet crop N demand, but its utility improved significantly when it was supplemented with chemical fertilizers. Additionally, the combined effect of NIs and residues mitigated the inhibitory processes associated with nitrification suppression. In conclusion, if farmers incorporate wheat residues into the soil through plowing, applying NIs is recommended to maintain yield and nitrogen use efficiency. DMPP double-labeling isotope tracing nitrogen-15 wheat residue Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 03 Mar, 2026 Read the published version in International Journal of Plant Production → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 21 Dec, 2025 Reviews received at journal 17 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 26 Sep, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 26 Sep, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 25 Sep, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 25 Sep, 2025 First submitted to journal 24 Sep, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7703528","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":525407901,"identity":"49dbf20a-e69c-4d0e-a72c-97a0efdbc017","order_by":0,"name":"Mir Ahmad Mousavi 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Inhibitors","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"international-journal-of-plant-production","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ijpo","sideBox":"Learn more about [International Journal of Plant Production](https://link.springer.com/journal/42106)","snPcode":"42106","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/ijpo/default2.aspx","title":"International Journal of Plant Production","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"DMPP, double-labeling, isotope tracing, nitrogen-15, wheat residue","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7703528/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7703528/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eNitrification inhibitors (NIs) effectively reduce nitrogen (N) loss and enhance fertilizer use efficiency, leading to higher yields. While both NIs and crop residues reduce nitrification, their combined effects on N availability from different sources (soil, fertilizer, and residue) and plant uptake require further investigation. This study utilized a \u003csup\u003e15\u003c/sup\u003eN double-labeling field experiment (\u003csup\u003e15\u003c/sup\u003eN-labeled residue with nonlabeled fertilizer and \u003csup\u003e15\u003c/sup\u003eN-labeled fertilizer with nonlabeled residue) to assess these effects. The treatments included (\u003csup\u003e15\u003c/sup\u003eNH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e)\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003eSO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e with and without 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) at two residue levels. The measured parameters included soil mineral N availability (\u003csup\u003e15\u003c/sup\u003eN-NO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u003c/sup\u003e and \u003csup\u003e15\u003c/sup\u003eN-NH\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e\u003csup\u003e+\u003c/sup\u003e), \u003csup\u003e15\u003c/sup\u003eN recovery, and yield components. The results indicate that NIs significantly increased wheat grain and straw yields only at 10 t ha\u003csup\u003e\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/sup\u003e residue application. The combined use of NIs and residues increased the available N from all three sources (fertilizer, soil, and residue). Regarding nitrogen use efficiency from the fertilizer source, NI is effective at all residue levels. Concerning nitrogen use efficiency from the residue, NI does not affect it. Residue application alone was insufficient to meet crop N demand, but its utility improved significantly when it was supplemented with chemical fertilizers. Additionally, the combined effect of NIs and residues mitigated the inhibitory processes associated with nitrification suppression. In conclusion, if farmers incorporate wheat residues into the soil through plowing, applying NIs is recommended to maintain yield and nitrogen use efficiency.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Enhancing Wheat Nitrogen Uptake through the Combined Use of Crop Residues and Nitrification Inhibitors","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-08 15:32:25","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7703528/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-12-21T11:15:39+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-10-17T11:04:23+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"202721662293686784933256984565111593165","date":"2025-09-26T14:40:32+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-09-26T13:09:01+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-09-25T11:28:48+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-09-25T11:28:11+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"International Journal of Plant Production","date":"2025-09-24T12:06:06+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"international-journal-of-plant-production","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ijpo","sideBox":"Learn more about [International Journal of Plant Production](https://link.springer.com/journal/42106)","snPcode":"42106","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/ijpo/default2.aspx","title":"International Journal of Plant Production","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"e5f7d3fe-16e8-4da4-84b8-2791a641456e","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 8th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-03-09T16:13:40+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-7703528","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42106-026-00424-z","journal":{"identity":"international-journal-of-plant-production","isVorOnly":false,"title":"International Journal of Plant Production"},"publishedOn":"2026-03-03 15:59:51","publishedOnDateReadable":"March 3rd, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-08 15:32:25","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s42106-026-00424-z","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42106-026-00424-z","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7703528","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7703528","identity":"rs-7703528","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}