Care needs profiles of Crohn's disease patients and their associations with symptom clusters, post-traumatic growth, and family function: A latent profile analysis

Care needs profiles of Crohn's disease patients and their associations with symptom clusters, post-traumatic growth, and family function: A latent profile analysis | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Care needs profiles of Crohn's disease patients and their associations with symptom clusters, post-traumatic growth, and family function: A latent profile analysis Rongfei Duan, Wan Mei, Ming Lei, Danlei Chen, Ting Pan, Fang Kong, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6022107/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 09 May, 2025 Read the published version in BMC Gastroenterology → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background and Aims: The care needs of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) may be heterogeneous. This study aimed to explore the latent class of care needs of patients with CD and differences in their characteristics and to analyze the factors influencing the different latent classes. Methods: A convenience sampling method was used to select 250 patients with CD who attended a tertiary-level hospital in Nanjing from August to November 2024 for the study. They were surveyed via the General Information Questionnaire , the Crohn's Disease Care Needs Scale (CD-CNS) , the Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Patient Symptom Clusters Assessment Scal e, the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES) , and the Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) . The latent classes of care needs of CD patients were identified via latent profile analysis (LPA) , and the factors influencing their latent classes were analyzed via multiple logistic regression analyses. Results: 1) The LPA results revealed that the care needs of CD patients were divided into three profiles as the best model fitting indicators: the "low-care-needs-adaptation group" (n=96, 38.4%), the " moderate-care-needs-growth group " (n=81, 32.4%), and the " high-care needs-distress group "(n=73, 29.2%). 2) Regression analyses revealed that current disease status, the presence of a stoma, symptom burden, family adaptability and cohesion, and post-traumatic growth (PTG) were influential factors in different latent classes. Conclusion: There is significant heterogeneity in the care needs of CD patients. Care needs to focus on patients with high care needs and enhance their symptom management and psychological interventions to improve their PTG and reduce their disease burden. Crohn's disease Care needs Symptom clusters Latent profile analysis Post-traumatic growth Family adaptability Family cohesion Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 1 Introduction Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease with unclear etiology and pathogenesis [1] . In recent years, the incidence of CD has been increasing globally [2] , and China, as an Asian country with a high incidence of CD [3] , has an average annual incidence rate of approximately 1.22 per 100,000 people [4] , with the rate still increasing. The disease is recurrent and incurable [5] , and long-term maintenance treatment places an enormous economic burden on patients [6] , while symptoms such as chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fatigue can seriously affect patients' work, life, and socialisation [7] . Under the combined effects of various factors, CD patients generally have a large psychological burden [8] , and both the body and mind are in a state of high demand. Care needs refer to all kinds of help and services that patients need to be provided in the process of disease diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up, including physiological, informational, emotional, psychological, and social aspects [9] . Focusing on care needs during an illness can help individuals cope better with their illness [10] . Research [11- 12] has shown the existence of numerous unmet needs in people with CD. For example, a systematic review revealed that patients with CD have numerous informational, medical, and psychological needs at different stages across their lifespan and urgently require personalized supportive care interventions from professionals [13] . However, providing individualized supportive care to patients is premised on an accurate assessment of each patient's needs. Previous widely used tools for assessing care needs are only applicable to cancer patients, such as the 34-item Supportive Care Needs Survey (SCNS-SF34) [14] , and there is a lack of appropriate tools to measure the care needs of patients with CD. The Crohn's Disease Care Needs Scale (CD-CNS) , a specific scale for assessing the care needs of CD patients, was previously developed by our research team through a systematic literature review, qualitative interviews , and the Delphi method [15] . CD-CNS reliability and validity have been demonstrated in evaluations and were determined to be suitable for assessing the care needs of CD patients in a Chinese clinical research setting [15] . Therefore, the CD-CNS was used in this study to assess the care needs of patients with CD. In addition, previous research on CD care needs has been limited to the use of high and low scores on scales to determine individuals' level of need [16] , a variable-centered approach that ignores the heterogeneity of individuals at different levels. In contrast, latent profile analysis (LPA) is an individual-centered statistical method that explores the underlying group structure and thus identifies groups with different characteristics, allowing subgroup classification based on different characteristics of variables [17] . This approach allows for the identification of CD patients with different characteristics, thus enabling the provision of more targeted care needs. Compared with cluster and factor analyses, it is more accurate, objective, flexible, and comprehensive [18- 19] . Furthermore, few existing studies have assessed the care needs of people with CD at multiple levels, including patients' physical and mental health and family. Social-ecological theory [20] states that changing only the intrinsic level of an individual has a limited effect on maintaining long-term health behaviors and that multiple levels of intervention together are the most effective way to change health behaviors. Specifically, the care needs of people with CD may be influenced by both the individual level (e.g., sociodemographic, disease-related, and psychological factors) and the interpersonal level (e.g., family factors). However, the previous studies on psychological factors of care needs mostly focused on negative aspects [21] , and positive studies were scarce. With the rise of positive psychology, studies have found that patients with chronic diseases will also experience positive psychological changes through complex cognitive adjustments after struggling with traumatic events such as diseases, which in turn promotes them to adopt a positive attitude to re-understand themselves and deal with diseases and focus on physiological, psychological, and social needs to reshape their lives [22, 23] . The CD is undoubtedly a traumatic event for patients, and it may also have an impact on their physical and psychological needs. Therefore, this study explored the latent classes of care needs of people with CD based on LPA and analyzed their influencing factors at multiple levels concerning socioecological theories to inform the development of precise care intervention plans. 2 Methods 2.1 Study design and participants This study had a cross-sectional research design. The convenience sampling method was used to select CD patients who attended a gastroenterology treatment center in a tertiary-level A hospital in Nanjing city from August to November 2024. The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Age ≥ 18 years; (2) Meet the diagnostic criteria for CD in the Consensus Opinion on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Beijing 2018) [ 1 ] ; and (3) Primary school education and above, and be able to understand the questionnaire correctly. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Patients with mental illness or taking psychotropic drugs; and (2) Patients with severe comorbidities, such as organ insufficiency or malignant tumors. 2.2 Sample size of the study According to Kendal's [ 24 ] sample size estimation method, the sample size is 5–10 times the number of variables. The total number of variable factors in this study is 24. The sample size should be between 120 and 240 cases, and the sample size of the included cases should be at least 144 cases or more, accounting for 10% of invalid questionnaires. To ensure the accuracy of the model and test its efficacy [ 25 ] , 250 CD patients were ultimately included. 2.3 Ethical considerations This study followed the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the ethics committee of Nanjing Second Hospital (No. 2023-LS-Ky-022). All study subjects gave informed consent and voluntarily participated in this study. In addition, this study was an anonymous survey, did not involve unethical behavior, and did not cause adverse health consequences to the participants' physical or mental health. 2.4 Measures 2.4.1 General Information Questionnaire A self-designed general information questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographics and disease characteristics. 2.4.2 CD-CNS The CD-CNS was used to assess the needs of patients. This scale was developed by Chen [ 15 ] in 2024 to assess the care needs of patients with CD. The scale consists of 27 items in five dimensions: medical needs (6 items), information needs (5 items), physical needs (7 items), psychological needs (5 items), and external support needs (4 items). Responses were rated on a 5-point Likert response scale (1 = not applicable, 2 = satisfied, 3 = low need, 4 = moderate need, and 5 = high need). The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the CD-CNS was 0.940 [ 15 ] . The Cronbach's alpha for this scale in this study was 0.939. 2.4.3 Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Patient Symptom Clusters Assessment Scale This scale was used to assess symptom burden in patients with CD. The scale was developed by Gu [ 26 ] in 2020 to assess the symptoms of patients with CD. The scale consists of five dimensions, namely, the abdominal symptom cluster (3 items), intestinal symptom cluster (5 items), nutritional symptom cluster (3 items), systemic symptom cluster (4 items), and psychiatric-psychological symptom cluster (3 items), for a total of 18 entries, in which each of the entries includes 3 modules of frequency of occurrence, severity, and degree of distress and is based on a 5-point Likert scale according to the symptoms of patients with IBD. When the score ranges from 1 to 5, the higher the score is, the more severe the symptoms of IBD patients. The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient for this scale was 0.856 [ 26 ] . The Cronbach's alpha in this study was 0.883. 2.4.4 Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scales, Second Edition (FACES II) The FACES II was used to assess patients' family function. The scale was developed by Oison et al [ 27 ] . And translated and validated in Chinese by Fei et al [ 28 ] . The scale consists of 30 items, including 2 subscales of cohesion (16 items) and adaptability (14 items). The scale is scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5, from "not" to "always"; the higher the score is, the better the family cohesion and adaptability. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the FACES II ranged from 0.68 to 0.85 [ 28 ] . The Cronbach's alpha of this scale in this study was 0.895. 2.4.5 Post-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) The PTGI was used to assess post-traumatic growth (PTG) in patients. The scale was developed by Tedeschi [ 29 ] and others and was created by Wang [ 30 ] . The scale includes five dimensions—life perception, personal strength, new possibilities, relationships with others, and self-transformation—with 20 items, each of which is scored on a 6-point Likert scale, with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 representing not at all, very little, few, some, many, and very much, respectively, and a total score of 100 points; higher scores indicate higher levels of PTG. The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the PTGI is 0.874 [ 30 ] . The Cronbach's alpha for this scale in this study was 0.966. 2.4.6 Harvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI) IBD disease activity was assessed via the Harvey-Bradshaw Index in patients with Crohn's disease with HBI scores > 5, which is considered an active disease [ 31 ] . This scoring system consists of five items: general condition, abdominal pain, abdominal mass, diarrhea, and concomitant symptoms. 2.5 Data collection. The questionnaire for this study was distributed and collected by the researcher. Before the survey, patients were informed of the purpose and significance of the study and the requirements for questionnaire completion via uniform instructions, and an informed consent form was signed by the patients after their consent was obtained. During the survey, the questionnaire was filled out independently by the patients, and when the patients had questions about the questionnaire expression, the researcher answered them via a unified statement. After the survey, the paper questionnaires were collected on-site. After collection, two researchers performed a rigorous screening to exclude any questionnaires that contained logical errors, patterned responses, or incomplete fields . 2.6 Data analysis In the first step, this study employed SPSS 27.0 for descriptive data analysis and a common method bias test. Qualitative data are described using n (%). The quantitative data obey the normal distribution by ( x ± s ), and the non-normal distribution by M (Q1, Q3). In the second step, Mplus 8.3 was used for LPA. The fit indicators included (1) the Akaike information criterion (AIC) , Bayesian information criterion (BIC) , and sample size-adjusted BIC (aBIC) , with smaller values. A smaller value corresponds to a better model fit. (2) A closer entropy to 1 indicates that the model classification is more accurate when entropy ≧ 0.8, which indicates that the classification accuracy is greater than 90%. (3) The Lo‒Mendell‒Rubin (LMR) and bootstrap likelihood ratio test (BLRT) results when P < 0.05 indicate that the k - class model fits better than the k − 1 class model [ 32 ] . The third step is to compare qualitative data between groups by the χ 2 test, for quantitative data with non-normal distribution, pairwise comparisons between multiple groups of data were performed by the Kruskal-Wallis test and Bonferroni correction . Finally, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of profile categories, with profile categories as dependent variables, meaningful categorical variables in univariate analysis as factors, and continuous variables as covariates. The difference was statistically significant with P < 0.05. To make the multivariate analysis results more intuitive, we constructed the forest plot using R version 4.3. 3 . 3 Results 3.1 Care Needs Scale scores of CD patients, sociodemographic characteristics, an disease information A total of 259 questionnaires were distributed and returned in this study, 9 invalid questionnaires were excluded, and the recovery rate of valid questionnaires was 96.5%. The total CD-CNS score was (74.28 ± 23.96), which included medical needs (18.54 ± 6.69), information needs (17.46 ± 5.62), physical needs (18.04 ± 7.69), psychological needs (9.71 ± 5.39), and external support needs (10.54 ± 5.28). In this survey, the ages of 250 patients with CD ranged from 18 to 73 years, with a mean age of 36.60 ± 12.08 years. Of these, the majority (64.4%) were under 40 years of age, 71.2% of the patients had high a school education level or above, most of the patients (61.6%) were male, more than half (50.4%) were currently unemployed, most (67.2%) had CD intestinal surgery, more than half (80%) were treated with biological agents, 36% were in the active disease stage, and 51.6% needed gastrointestinal nutritional support. Baseline characteristics of patients with CD are presented in Table 1 . Table 1 Descriptive statistics for sociodemographic and disease information (n = 250) Variables Categories Frequency (n) Proportion (%) Duration of illness (years) 5 121 48.4 Gender Male 154 61.6 Female 96 38.4 Age (years) 18–40 161 64.4 41–59 77 30.8 ≥ 60 12 4.8 Marital status Married 146 58.4 Unmarried 99 39.6 Divorcee 5 2.0 Fertility No 111 44.4 Yes 139 55.6 Educational background Secondary schools 25 10.0 Junior high school 47 18.8 High school or junior college 101 40.4 Undergraduate 68 27.2 Postgraduate and above 9 3.6 Residence Village 115 46.0 Town 135 54.0 Type of medical payment Self-pay 10 4.0 Medical insurance 240 96.0 Current working status Full-time 92 36.8 Part-time 14 5.6 Sick leave 18 7.2 Unemployed 126 50.4 Monthly household income (CNY) ≤ 3000 39 15.6 3001–6000 105 42.0 6001–10000 67 26.8 >10000 39 15.6 Annual expenditure on illness (CNY) ≤ 5000 10 4.0 5001–10000 25 10.0 >10000 215 86.0 Caregiver Parents 99 39.6 Spouse 72 28.8 Children 14 5.6 Self 57 22.8 Parents and spouse 8 3.2 Current disease stage Acute episode 90 36.0 Remission 160 64.0 Status of use of biological agents Yes 200 80.0 No 50 20.0 Purpose of admission Medication 86 34.4 Surgeries 50 20.0 Rechecking 114 45.6 CD surgery Yes 168 67.2 No 82 32.8 Any complications Yes 81 32.4 No 169 67.6 Nasal feeding tube Yes 77 30.8 No 173 69.2 Stoma Yes 27 10.8 No 223 89.2 Abdominal drainage tube Yes 23 9.2 No 227 90.8 Current diet Normal diet 95 38.0 Restrictive diet 26 10.4 Total gastrointestinal nutrition 80 32.0 Supplementary gastrointestinal nutrition 49 19.6 3.2 Results of the common method bias test This study was self-reported by patients, which may lead to common method bias. The common method bias test was performed via the Harman one-way method , and the results revealed that there were 20 factors with eigenvalues > 1 and that the variance contribution rate of the first factor was 30.876% (< 40% of the recommended standard), suggesting that there was no serious common method bias, which indicates that the observed variable relationship can reflect the real theoretical correlation, and the variation of data is not the systematic bias caused by the measurement method itself. 3.3 Results of LPA of CD patients' care needs In this study, the five dimensions of the CD-CNS were used as exogenous variables, and the number of model classes was increased sequentially starting from a single-class model to obtain the model of latent profiles from 1 to 5 classes; the fitting results are shown in Table 2 . With the increase in the number of model classes, the values of Log L, AIC, BIC, and aBIC decreased continuously, but when the number of classes was 3, the entropy was greater; the difference was statistically significant, with P 0.05) and did not provide statistically better fits, the entropy for the category 3 (0.082) model was greater than that for category 2 (0.868 ), suggesting that the category 3 categorization was more accurate. In a comprehensive comparison, the category 3 model was identified as the best latent profile model in this study. In addition, the average probabilities of class attribution of the category 3 model were 95.6%, 93.0%, and 95.7%, suggesting that the accuracy of category attribution was high and that the results were credible. On the basis of the model determination, the mean values of each category on the 5 dimensions of CD-CNS were plotted to create a distribution of category features in Fig. 1 , and the 3 classes were named according to the fluctuations in the mean values of the entry scores. Class 1 mainly comprises patients in remission (93.8%). The CD-CNS score is (50.77 ± 10. 93) points. The average score of each item is 1.5 to 2.3 points. The score is low, indicating that this type of patient can adapt to the physiological, psychological, social, and other effects of the disease, so it is named the "low-care-needs-adaptation group". The CD-CNS score of the Class 2 is (77.68 ± 12. 98) points. Although the physiological needs score is higher than that of Class 1, the psychological needs are similar to those of C1, so it is named the "moderate-care-needs-growth group" The CD-CNS score of Class 3 was (101.44 ± 11. 95) points, of which 69.9% were in the active phase and 23.3% of patients had a stoma, reflecting multidimensional distress; Moreover, these patients have high needs scores in five dimensions, especially the physical and psychological needs are significantly higher than other categories, so they are named "high-care-needs-distress group". Table 2 Potential categories of care needs among patients with CD Class Log (L) AIC BIC aBIC Entropy LMR ( P ) BLRT ( P ) Categorical probability 1 -4026.118 8072.236 8107.451 8075.750 - - - 1 2 -3818.671 7669.342 7725.686 7674.964 0.868 0.000 0.000 0.556/0.444 3 -3745.949 7535.398 7613.371 7543.629 0.882 0.000 0.000 0.384/0.324/0.292 4 -3721.778 7499.557 7598.158 7509.395 0.894 0.0775 0.000 0.360/0.300/0.232/0.108 5 -3687.889 7443.777 7563.507 7455.724 0.926 0.0860 0.000 0.296/0.124/0.272/0.200/0.108 Note: Log (L) Log Likelihood, AIC Akaike information criterion, BIC Bayesian information criterion, ABIC adjusted BIC, LMR Lo ‒ Mendell ‒ Rubin, BLRT bootstrap likelihood ratio test. 3.4 Univariate analysis of potential profile categories of care needs of CD patients The results of the univariate analysis showed that the nursing needs of the 3 classes of patients were statistically significant ( P < 0.05) in terms of family monthly income ( χ 2 = 12.993, P = 0.043), current work status ( χ 2 = 18.583, P = 0.004), disease status ( χ 2 = 74.520, P < 0.01), purpose of admission ( χ 2 = 30.676, P < 0.01), complications ( χ 2 = 11.503, P < 0.01), nasogastric tube ( χ 2 = 27.318, P < 0.01), stoma ( χ 2 = 16.733, P < 0.01) and current diet ( χ 2 = 35.080, P < 0.01). At the same time, compared with classes 1 and 2, patients in class 3 are more likely to be unemployed or frequently take sick leave, have lower monthly family income, and are more likely to have active disease, complications, stoma, and need nutritional support, as shown in Table 3 . The differences in the IBD symptom clusters assessment scale scores for Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 were statistically significant ( P 0.05), the rest were statistically significant; In intestinal, except for Class 1 and Class 2, the difference was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05), and the rest were statistically significant; the differences in the scores of whole body, nutritional, psychosomatic, and other dimensions were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The differences in the family cohesion and adaptation scale scores of Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Among them, the scores of family cohesion, family adaptation, and other dimensions were statistically significant ( P < 0.05). The differences in PTG scale scores Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 were statistically significant ( P < 0.05), among which the scores of life lessons, personal power, new possibilities, relationships with others, self-transformation, and other dimensions were statistically significant ( P < 0.05), as shown in Table 4 . Table 3 Univariate analysis of potential categories of care needs among patients with CD Variables Categories Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 χ 2 P Duration of illness (years) 5 45(46. 9) 35(43. 2) 41(56. 2) Gender Male 65(67. 7) 47(42. 0) 42(57. 5) 2. 462 0. 292 Female 31(32. 3) 34(58. 0) 31(42. 5) Age (years) 18–40 64(66. 7) 52(64. 2) 45(61. 6) 1. 609 a 0. 822 41–59 26(27.1) 26(32.1) 25(34.3) ≥ 60 6(6. 2) 3(3. 7) 3(4. 1) Marital status Married 53(55. 2) 48(59. 3) 45(61. 6) 4.137 a 0.378 Unmarried 41(42. 7) 33(40. 7) 25(34. 2) Divorcee 2(2. 1) 0(0. 0) 3(4. 1) Fertility No 48(50. 0) 35(43. 2) 28(38. 4) 2. 346 0. 309 Yes 48(50. 0) 46(56. 8) 45(61. 6) Educational background Secondary schools 8(8. 3) 10(12. 3) 7(9. 6) 10. 197 a 0. 239 Junior high school 23(24. 0) 11(13.6) 13(17. 8) High school or junior college 44(45. 8) 29(35. 8) 28(38. 3) Undergraduate 20(20. 8) 27(33. 4) 21(28. 8) Postgraduate and above 1(1. 1) 4(4. 9) 4(5. 5) Residence Village 49(51. 0) 33(40. 7) 33(45. 2) 1. 903 0. 386 Town 47(49. 0) 48(59. 3) 40(54. 8) Type of medical payment Self-pay 5(5.2) 4(4.9) 1(1.4) 1. 886 0. 393 Medical insurance 91(94. 8) 77(95. 1) 72(98.6) Current working status Full-time 49(51. 0) 27(33. 3) 16(21. 9) 18. 583 a 0. 004 Part-time 5(5. 2) 6(7. 4) 3(4. 2) Sick leave 5(5.2) 8(9. 9) 5(6. 8) Unemployed 37(38. 6) 40(49. 4) 49(67. 1) Monthly household income (CNY) ≤ 3000 10(10. 4) 9(11. 1) 20(27. 4) 12. 993 0. 043 3001–6000 45(46. 9) 33(40. 7) 27(37. 0) 6001–10000 25(26. 0) 23(28. 4) 19(26. 0) >10000 16(16. 7) 16(19. 8) 7(9. 6) Annual expenditure on illness (CNY) ≤ 5000 4(4. 2) 5(6. 2) 1(1. 4) 6. 254 a 0. 172 5001–10000 14(14. 6) 7(8. 6) 4(5. 5) >10000 78(81. 2) 69(85. 2) 68(93. 1) Caregiver Parents 37(38. 5) 29(35. 8) 33(45. 3) 4.465 a 0.825 Spouse 26(27. 1) 27(33. 4) 19(26. 0) Children 5(5. 2) 4(4. 9) 5(6. 8) Self 26(27. 1) 18(22. 2) 13(17. 8) Parents and spouse 2(2.1) 3(3.7) 3(4. 1) Current disease stage Acute episode 6(6. 2) 36(44. 4) 51(69. 9) 74.520 < 0.01 Remission 90(93. 8) 45(55. 6) 22(30. 1) Status of use of biological agents Yes 81(84. 4) 63(77. 8) 56(76. 7) 1. 892 0. 388 No 15(15. 6) 18(22. 2) 17(23. 3) Purpose of admission Medication 31(32. 3) 30(37. 0) 25(34. 2) 30. 676 < 0.01 Surgeries 5(5. 2) 19(23. 5) 26(35. 6) Rechecking 60(62. 5) 32(39. 5) 22(30. 2) CD surgery Yes 68(70. 8) 53(65. 4) 47(64. 4) 0. 953 0. 621 No 28(29. 2) 28(34. 6) 26(35. 6) Any complications Yes 20(20. 8) 28(34. 6) 33(45. 2) 11. 503 0. 003 No 76(29. 2) 53(65. 4) 40(54. 8) Nasal feeding tube Yes 14(14. 6) 25(30. 9) 38(52. 1) 27. 318 < 0.01 No 82(85. 4) 56(69.1) 35(47. 9) Stoma Yes 5(5. 2) 5(6. 2) 17(23. 3) 16. 733 < 0.01 No 91(94. 8) 76(93. 8) 56(76. 7) Abdominal drainage tube Yes 3(3. 1) 7(8. 6) 13(17. 8) 10. 747 0.050 No 93(96. 9) 74(91. 4) 60(82. 2) Current diet Normal diet 56(58. 3) 25(30. 9) 14(19. 2) 35. 080 < 0.01 Restrictive diet 5(5. 2) 11(13. 6) 10(13. 7) Total gastrointestinal nutrition 16(16. 7) 32(39. 5) 32(43. 8) Supplementary gastrointestinal nutrition 19(19. 8) 13(16. 0) 17(23. 3) Note: "a" Fisher exact probability method Table 4 Comparison of scores on different dimensions of the Family Cohesion, Adaptation, PTG and IBD Symptom Cluster Scale across the three different models Classification LSD H P Class 1 (n = 96) Class 2 (n = 81) Class 3 (n = 73) Symptom cluster 69.00(60.00, 83.00) 93.00(72.00, 107.00) 111.00(93.00, 132.50) C3>C2>C1 90.982 C1**, C3>C1** 60.740 C1**, C3>C2* 30.232 C2>C1 58.635 C2>C1 46.877 C2>C1 69.549 C2>C3 94.266 C2>C3 88.508 C2>C3 75.424 C2>C3 92.775 C2>C3 94.743 C2>C3 88.717 C2>C3 73.953 C2>C3 77.339 C2>C3 63.260 <0.01 * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 ,“ P ” The P- value after Bonferroni correction. 3.5 Results of multifactorial analysis of latent profile classes of care needs of CD patients Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed with the latent profile categories of care needs of CD patients as the dependent variable and the variables that were statistically significant in the univariate analysis as the independent variables. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that: ① Comparison of the C1 and C3 groups, patients with disease activity, high symptom burden, poor family function, and low PTG were easily classified into the C3 group. Among them, the probability of active patients belonging to group C3 was higher than that in remission ( OR = 0.13, P = 0.029); Patients with higher symptom burden had a higher probability of belonging to group C3 than patients with lower symptom burden ( OR = 0.948, P < 0.01); Patients with poor family function had a higher probability of belonging to group C3 than patients with good family function ( OR = 1.108, P < 0.01); Patients with low PTG had a higher probability of belonging to group C3 than patients with high PTG ( OR = 1.042, P = 0.018). ② Comparison of the C2 and C3 groups, patients with no stoma, low symptom burden, good family function, and high PTG were easily classified into group C2. Among them, patients without stoma had a higher probability of belonging to group C2 than patients with stoma ( OR = 0.232, P = 0.025); Patients with lower symptom burden had a higher probability of belonging to group C2 than patients with higher symptom burden ( OR = 0.97, P < 0.01); Patients with good family functioning had a higher probability of belonging to group C2 than patients with poor family functioning ( OR = 1.057, P = 0.016); Patients with high PTG had a higher probability of belonging to group C2 than patients with low PTG ( OR = 1.032, P = 0.027). ③ Comparison of the C1 and C2 groups, patients with less symptom burden and disease in remission were easily classified into the C1 group. Among them, patients in remission had a higher probability of belonging to group C1 than in the active phase ( OR = 6.604, P = 0.022); Patients with a light symptom burden had a higher probability of belonging to group C1 than patients with high symptom burden ( OR = 1.025, P = 0.023); Patients with good family functioning had a higher probability of belonging to group C1 than patients with poor family functioning ( OR = 0.990, P = 0.01), See Table 5 . To intuitively see the influencing factors of different potential categories of care needs, we added a forest diagram for visualization. See Fig. 2 , Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 . Table 5 Results of the multivariate logistic analysis of the factors influencing latent profiles associated with fear of progression in patients with CD Variables β S.E. waldχ 2 P OR 95% CI Class1 versus Class 3 a Acute episode -2.038 0.934 4.763 0.029* 0.130 [0.021, 0.812] Stoma -0.636 0.926 0.472 0.492 0.529 [0.086, 3.251] Symptom burden -0.054 0.012 18.509 <0.01** 0.948 [0.925, 0.971] family function 0.102 0.026 15.576 <0.01** 1.108 [1.053, 1.165] PTG 0.042 0.018 5.559 0.018* 1.042 [1.007, 1.079] Class2 versus Class3 a Acute episode -0.120 0.620 0.038 0.846 0.887 [0.263, 2.990] Stoma -1.461 0.652 5.025 0.025* 0.232 [0.065, 0.832] Symptom burden -0.029 0.009 11.495 <0.01** 0.971 [0.955, 0.988] family function 0.055 0.023 5.781 0.016* 1.057 [1.010, 1.105] PTG 0.032 0.014 4.898 0.027* 1.032 [1.004, 1.062] Class2 versus Class1 b Acute episode 1.918 0.837 5.253 0.022* 6.804 [1.320,35.070] Stoma -0.825 0.917 0.810 0.368 0.438 [0.073, 2.643 Symptom burden 0.024 0.011 5.146 0.023* 1.025 [1.003, 1.047] family function -0.47 0.018 6.718 0.010* 0.954 [0.921, 0.989] PTG -0.010 0,014 0.483 0.487 0.990 [0.963, 1.018] Note:Class1 is the low-care-need-adaptation group, Class 2 is the moderate-care-needs-growth group and Class 3 is the high-care-need- distress group. "a" Class 3 is the reference group; "b" Class 1 is the reference group. * p < 0. 05, ** p < 0. 01 4 Discussion 4.1 There is heterogeneity in the care needs of CD patients, and we need to pay attention to the high-care-needs-distress group . The results of this study show that the care needs of CD patients can be divided into three potential categories: the " low-care-needs-adaptation group", the " moderate-care-needs-growth group" and the " high-care-needs-distress group", suggesting that there is a pronounced heterogeneity in the care needs of CD patients, which further supplements the previous study [ 33 – 34 ] that the care needs of CD patients are regarded as a homogeneous whole, can better meet the differentiated needs of patients, and provide guidance for the formulation of targeted interventions in further research. The high-care- needs- distress group accounted for 29.2% (73/250) of all CD patients, and patients in this class scored higher than the overall level on all CD-CNS dimensions. The reasons for this are as follows: (1) Patients are in the active stage of the disease and are in urgent need of medical support in the face of changes in their condition. (2) The high cost of medication and the risk of surgery creates some subjective and objective economic toxicity for patients and their families [ 6 ] . (3) Changes in self-image caused by changes in intestinal function and the uncertainty of treatment aggravate the psychological burden of patients [ 7 ] . According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory , somatic function is the prerequisite for safeguarding physiological needs and the basis for realizing higher-level needs [ 35 ] , which suggests that healthcare professionals need to focus on this group of patients, encourage active participation in treatment, strengthen symptom management, and guide them to seek management experience from patients who have better control of their diseases. The moderate-care-needs-growth group accounted for 32.4% (81/250) of all CD patients, and patients in this class scored higher in information needs and lower in psychological needs. This suggests that patients in this class always remain hopeful in the face of disease distress and are eager to seek health information related to disease self-management, wanting to promote disease recovery through positive lifestyle adjustments. Health information needs refer to the needs of patients who are in a particular time or situation and recognize that the information they obtain is insufficient to achieve a goal [ 36 ] . Adequate information can reduce patients' disease-related concerns [ 37 ] . The Healthy China 2030 Planning Outline explicitly proposes the promotion of Internet + Healthcare services to meet the needs of patients for personalized services and precision medicine [ 38 ] . These findings suggest that healthcare professionals can use Internet healthcare to provide patients with professional and targeted care services such as symptom monitoring, medication, diet, emotion, exercise, etc. Study [ 39 ] has demonstrated that a feedback-based health education model based on a cloud platform imparting knowledge of self-management of IBD patients, remote monitoring of disease symptoms, and guidance meets the needs of patients and improves their self-management skills. The low-care-needs-adaptation group accounted for 38.4% (96/250) of all CD patients, and the lower scores of this class of patients on the dimensions of the CD-CNS may be related to the fact that this class of patients is in remission, with a lower burden of symptoms and a higher level of family function and psychology. This suggests that patients in this category can correctly understand their disease and actively adapt to the changes in their lives brought about by the disease; at the same time, the patient's family members are able to provide the attentive care and financial and emotional support they need. Although the needs of this group of patients are low, the disease is long-lasting with recurrent episodes, so healthcare professionals still need to warn patients of the importance of long-term self-management and change the traditional misconception of "slow disease, slow treatment" to maintain a long-term low level of need. 4.2 Analysis of factors influencing different categories of care needs of CD patients 4.2.1 Differences in the characteristics of different categories of diseases Disease active phase The results of this study revealed that patients in the active phase were more likely to belong to the high-care-needs-distress group than those in the other two groups. This may be because, during the onset of the disease, the aggravation of symptoms can lead to sudden impairment of the patient's physical function, which not only has a negative impact on the patient's daily life and psychology but also increases the difficulty of treatment and the economic burden [ 40 ] . These findings suggest that healthcare professionals need to assess patients' acceptance of symptoms in a timely manner during the active period and provide appropriate interventions to promote disease relief and enable them to resume normal work and life. Second, positive psychological guidance is provided to patients, and research [ 41 ] shows that the presence of severe symptoms prompts patients to change their health behaviors. Patients realize that the present is a good time for symptom management, prompting them to set their mindset right and actively engage in disease management. In addition, single-disciplinary care makes it difficult to cope with the multiple needs CD patients face during the active period. With the progress of medical research, multidisciplinary combined therapy is gradually becoming a key direction of disease management. Taylor [ 42 ] used a nurse-led multidisciplinary nursing model , in which nurses and general practitioners provided personalized supportive care, and the unmet needs of lymphoma patients were reduced. Therefore, it can be applied to CD patients to alleviate negative emotions during the period and meet their diverse care needs during the active period. Stomas The results of this study showed that patients with stoma were more likely to belong to the high-care-needs-distress group than patients in the moderate-care -needs-growth group. Patients with stomas may suffer from disturbances in body image due to changes in body shape, and some of them may even suffer from psychological problems such as a sense of shame and a decrease in self-confidence [ 43 ] . Therefore, CD patients with stomas should be instructed to adopt appropriate self-emotion regulation methods, such as acceptance and commitment therapy, which is a psychotherapeutic model pioneered on the basis of cognitive behavioral therapy, and its role in helping patients to enhance their positive emotions has been verified in the domestic IBD group, through which stoma patients can be helped to determine the meaning of life, improve their negative emotions, and enhance their self-identity [ 44 ] . 4.2.2 Relationships between symptom burden and the care needs of CD patients The results revealed differences in the level of symptom burden among the three groups of CD patients, with patients with greater symptom burdens being more likely to belong to the high-care-needs-distress group. This is similar to the findings of Wang [ 45 ] . These patients not only have gastrointestinal symptoms of diarrhea and abdominal pain due to the disease itself [ 46 ] . They may also be accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, weight loss, and psychological symptoms such as anxiety and depression [ 47 ] . Studies [ 48 ] have shown that although symptoms are particularly severe for patients during exacerbations, patients in remission are not completely symptom-free, and these symptoms can directly or indirectly affect the optimal management of the disease and quality of life. Therefore, healthcare professionals need to assess the frequency and severity of patients' symptoms dynamically and develop patient-centered symptom management plans in terms of remission-phase symptom prevention, such as changes in diet, work and rest, and exercise, respectively, and active-phase symptom coping, such as active medical treatment, to reduce the symptom burden on patients and improve their quality of life. Secondly, symptom management for CD patients is a long-term process. Therefore, it is recommended that healthcare organizations combine with communities and families to build a tripartite support system for patient data sharing, communication, and interaction to meet the ongoing symptom management needs of CD patients [ 49 ] . 4.2.3 Relationships between family function and the care needs of CD patients The results of this study revealed differences in the levels of family cohesion and adaptability among the three groups of CD patients, and patients with better family cohesion and adaptability were more likely to belong to the low-care-needs-adaptation group, which is similar to the findings of Qin [ 50 ] . Because family function is the ability of the family as a whole to meet the needs of its members, the better the family function is, the more it can respect the patient's wishes in medical decision-making so that the patient can feel respected and be more objective in recognizing his or her own physical condition, reducing inner turmoil, and accordingly reducing unmet needs [ 50 ] . Second, home enteral nutrition support and dietary management are important for the development and prognosis of CD [ 51 ] , and daily supervision and comanagement by family members can play a substantial role in the recovery of patients. In the high-care-needs-distress group, family function was poor. This may be because young adults constitute the main group of individuals with this disease, who are in a rising period of academic, career, and family development, and patients in the period of severe disease activity have to take a break from school, frequently leave or even quit their jobs to cooperate with the treatment of the disease [ 52 ] , and some families have difficulty adapting to this unexpected situation. Here, family adaptability can be understood as the family's ability to cope with the emergent situation [ 28 ] . In addition, although CD has been included in outpatient special diseases and outpatient chronic diseases in some regions of China, the reimbursement of medical insurance is limited, and long-term outpatient treatment and repeated hospitalization still bring serious financial pressure to families, which makes patients feel guilty and think that they are a burden on the family. Therefore, for this type of patient, it is recommended that caregivers focus on the patient's family and encourage family members to participate in disease management and diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making to promote the patient's perception of family intimacy and help him or her establish a good family support system. Second, they should take the initiative to understand the patient's financial pressure and inform the patient of the reimbursement rate of medical insurance and the channels of financial support that can be sought to improve the patient's financial situation. Finally, Zhao [ 53 ] has shown that family participation in psychological care also has significant effects on improving patient needs. Therefore, for patients with enterostomy and active CD, family members should be encouraged to give full play to the support function of the family system and actively participate in the patient's care work, and patients should be given more emotional support and value affirmation from the family to meet the patient's psychological and support needs and reduce guilt. 4.2.4 Relationships between PTG and the care needs of CD patients Interestingly, the study found that patients with higher levels of PTG were more likely to belong to the low-care-needs-adaptation group and the moderate-care-needs-growth group ( P > 0.05), with no significant difference between the two groups, consistent with the results of the profiling analysis. PTG is a positive psychological change experienced by individuals in the process of struggling with traumatic events [ 29 ] and can alleviate negative emotions and improve quality of life [ 54 ] . The higher scores in the moderate-care-needs-growth group may be because this group of patients experienced a positive psychological response to the illness, were able to cope positively even in a state of illness-induced discomfort, and were eager to seek information related to knowledge about the illness, diet, and exercise. Stress coping theory states that individuals fully mobilize internal and external resources through cognition and behavior to cope with stressful events [ 55 ] . Here, the desire to seek information support can be considered a form of coping that helps patients reappraise stressful events and discover internal and external resources to face illness with a positive attitude. This also demonstrates how illness or trauma can not only negatively affect an individual but also positively influence personal growth and health behaviors [ 56 ] . Secondly, it is possible that patients with this type of CD have achieved personal growth by relying on their own efforts and external support. They reflect on their experiences and learn to continuously adjust their internal understanding and sense of self, effectively "rebuilding themselves after the disease" [ 57 ] . As a result, these patients may have higher scores in PTG. For such individuals, clinical medical staff can utilize mobile information technology for patient management, such as offering professional and targeted disease management information through the IBD health education app network platform [ 58 ] . For the low-care needs-adaptation group, patients with higher levels of psychological function were more able to view the disease dialectically, reduce the negative impact of the disease through the internal and external environments, adapt to the disease, and adopt more health-promoting behaviors to manage the disease [ 59 ] . For the high-care-needs-adaptation group, the activity of the disease may cause trauma to the patient, which in turn will cause the patient to have symptoms of anxiety, depression, and fatigue and aggravate the patient's physical and psychological needs [ 23 ] . It is suggested that medical staff can help patients express their emotions through narrative therapy , such as story listening and positive response, to meet their psychological needs [ 60 ] . 4.2.5 The complexity of sociological demographic variables Although the demographic characteristics of CD patients are not easy to intervene with, understanding the inter-patient differences in different care needs categories can help healthcare workers identify high-care-need patients early. The results of the univariate analysis of this study showed that the proportion of patients with full-time employment in the high-care-needs distress group (22.0%) was significantly lower than that in the other two groups (51.0%, 33.3%), and the proportion of household monthly income ≤ 3000 was higher (27.4% vs 11.1%, 10.4%). Combined with Yu's [ 6 ] research, economic vulnerability may exacerbate healthcare burden and anxiety levels, which in turn leads to higher demand. In addition, patients in this group received nasogastric feeding more frequently (51.2%), total enteral nutrition (43.8%), and complication rate (45.2%), which may lead to body image changes and may induce self-identity crisis, further increasing psychological burden [ 7 ] . Although these factors are not insignificant in multivariate models, their importance in univariate analyses remains alarming. In addition, univariate analysis showed no statistically significant difference in nursing needs between the three groups of patients in age and gender ( P > 0.05). Possibly because heterogeneous sample stratification may weaken statistical power, the age-sex distribution in this study was consistent with the epidemiological characteristics of CD (< 40 years 64.4%; males 61.6%) [ 4 ] . In addition, the results of this study are consistent with the view put forward by Mak [ 3 ] that "the high needs of young and middle-aged patients are mainly due to disease activity rather than age itself". In the future, the association of sociodemographic variables with care needs can be further explored through stratified sampling or expanded sample size. 4.3 Limitations Despite the inclusion of this study from rural and urban areas of more than 40 districts in 11 provinces of China and the sample institution as an authoritative tertiary-level A hospital in China in the field of CD diagnosis and treatment, its patient population has a wide geographical coverage and diversity of demographic characteristics. However, the following limitations still need to be addressed. First, at the level of sampling method, given the very limited number of CD-specialized diagnostic and treatment institutions in China, the use of convenience sampling in this study may lead to sample structure bias, and it is suggested that stratified random sampling or probability sampling based on the regional healthcare institution registration system may be used in subsequent studies to enhance the extrapolation validity of the sample to the national CD patient population. Second, at the level of data collection, the assessment system based on subjective reports in this study may introduce social expectation bias and recall bias, and it is suggested that future studies may construct a comprehensive assessment model combining subjective and objective data to validate self-reported data by testing fecal calreticulin levels and C-reactive protein concentrations of validated biomarkers [ 61 ] . Furthermore, in terms of study design, cross-sectional studies limit the inference of causality, and it is suggested that prospective longitudinal study designs could be conducted in the future to systematically track the dynamic trajectory of the care needs of patients with CD at different stages. Meanwhile, collaborative multi-center studies can be conducted to effectively expand the sample size and enhance the reliability of results. Finally, at the tool application level, the validation of the CD-CNS scale is currently limited to the Chinese population. To enhance the cross-cultural adaptability of the assessment tool, it is suggested that future validation studies can be conducted in different healthcare systems and socio-cultural contexts, and cross-cultural comparisons can be carried out to enhance confidence in its use. 5 Conclusion In summary, our findings have important implications for the management of patients with CD in the Chinese clinical setting. First, the study used LPA for the first time to explore the care needs of patients with CD, identifying three classes. Healthcare workers can develop individualized supportive care plans on the basis of the characteristics of patients in different classes. Second, on the basis of social-ecological system theory, this study analyzed the influencing factors of different classes at multiple levels and revealed that disease status, the presence of a stoma, symptom burden, family adaptability and cohesion, and PTG affect patients' care needs. In the future, it is recommended that clinical medical staff evaluate CD care needs in multiple dimensions and set up interdisciplinary teams to collaboratively manage diseases; At the same time, combined with the results of this study and incorporating CD-CNS into the outpatient routine process, a dynamic monitoring system of "periodic routine assessment + special assessment during active period" was constructed to more accurately capture the care needs of CD patients and ensure the accurate matching of nursing measures with the real-time needs of patients. Declarations Consent for publication Not applicable. Data availability statement The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest. Source of Funding Nanjing Health Science and Technology Development Special Funds Project Plan (YKK22128). Thirteenth Five-Year Plan Nanjing Health Young Talent Cultivation Project (QRX17155) . Acknowledgments The authors thank all the participants who were involved with this study. Author contributions All authors contributed to the study conception and design. DRF: data collection, data analysis, first draft of thesis. MW: Help with data analysis and thesis translation. LM, CDL, CY, PT: study design and conceptualization, manuscript revision. KF: clinical assistance and patient co-ordination. References Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group, Digestive Diseases Branch of Chinese Medical Association. Consensus opinions on the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2018, Beijing). Chin J Dig. 2018;38(9):292-311. Torres J, Mehandru S, Colombel JF, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Crohn's disease. Lancet. 2017; 389(10080):1741-1755. Mak WY, Zhao M, Ng SC, Burisch J. The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: East meets west. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;35(3):380-389. Ng SC, Kaplan GG, Tang W, Banerjee R, Adigopula B, Underwood FE, et al. Population density and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective population-based study in 13 countries or regions in Asia-Pacific. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019;114(1):107-115. Lamb CA, Kennedy NA, Raine T, Hendy PA, Smith PJ, Limdi JK, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology consensus guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. Gut. 2019; 68(Suppl 3):s1-s106. Yu Q, Zhu C, Feng S, Xu L, Hu S, Chen H, et al. Economic burden and health care access for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases in China: web-based survey study. J Med internet Res. 2021;23(1):e20629. Schoefs E, Vermeire S, Ferrante M, Sabino J, Lambrechts T, Avedano L, et al. What are the unmet needs and most relevant treatment outcomes according to patients with inflammatory bowel disease? A qualitative patient preference study. J Crohns Colitis. 2023;17(3):379-388. Regev S, Odes S, Slonim-Nevo V, Friger M, Schwartz D, Sergienko R, et al. Differential relationships of somatization, depression, and anxiety to severity of Crohn's disease. J Health Psychol. 2021;26(13):2390-2401. Fitch M I. Supportive care needs of patients with advanced disease undergoing radiotherapy for symptom control. Can Oncol Nurs J. 2012;22(2):84-100. Zhou L, Li H, Zhang Z, Wang L. Analysis of Longitudinal Trajectory and Influencing Factors of Supportive Care Needs in Colorectal Cancer Patients With Enterostomy. J Clin Nurs. 2024;33(5):789-795. orouzkhani N, Faramarzi M, Bahari A, Shirvani JS, Eslami S, Tabesh H. Inflammatory bowel disease patients' perspectives of nonmedical needs. BMC Gastroenterol. 2024 ;13;24(1):134. Hart A, Miller L, Büttner FC, Hamborg T, Saxena S, Pollok RCG, et al. Fatigue, pain and fecal incontinence in adult inflammatory bowel disease patients and the unmet need: a national cross-sectional survey. BMC Gastroenterol. 2024;24(1):481. Volpato E, Bosio C, Previtali E, Leone S, Armuzzi A, Pagnini F, et al. The evolution of IBD perceived engagement and care needs across the life-cycle: a scoping review. BMC Gastroenterol. 2021;21(1):293. Au A, Lam WW, Kwong A, Suen D, Tsang J, Yeo W, et al. Validation of the Chinese version of the short-form Supportive Care Needs Survey Questionnaire (SCNS-SF34-C). Psychooncology. 2011; 20(12):1292-300. Chen D, Liu Q, Yu Z, Pan T, Zhang A, Chen Y, et al. Development and validation of a scale to measure the care needs of Crohn's disease patients: a mixed-methods study. BMC Nurs. 2024; 23(1):472. Wu Q, Zhong J. Disease-related information requirements in patients with Crohn's disease. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2018;12:1579-1586. Charzyńska E, Habibi Soola A, Mozaffari N, Mirzaei A. Patterns of work-related stress and their predictors among emergency department nurses and emergency medical services staff in a time of crisis: a latent profile analysis. BMC Nurs. 2023;22(1):98. Pastor D A, Barron KE, Barron BJ, Miller SL, Davis. A latent profile analysis of college students'achievement goal orientation. Contemp Edu Psychol. 2007; 32(1), 8-47. Howard M C, Hoffman M E. Variable-Centered, Person-Centered, and Person-Specific Approaches: Where Theory Meets Method. Organizational Research Methods. 2018; 21(4):846-876. Trinh L, Larsen K, Faulkner GE, Plotnikoff RC, Rhodes RE, North S, et al. Social-ecological correlates of physical activity in kidney cancer survivors. J Cancer Surviv. 2016; 10(1):164-75. Xi Y, Liu R, Tang Y, Peng Y, Jin G, Song J. Trajectory patterns and influencing factors of supportive care needs in stroke patients: A longitudinal study. J Adv Nurs. 2025 ;81(2):809-819. Tedeschi RG, Lawrence G, Calhoun. Posttraumatic growth: conceptual foundations and empirical evidence. Psychological Inquiry. 2004,15(1):1-18. Azman N, Leong Bin Abdullah MFI, Musa KI, Hassan N, Mohd Shariff N. Prospective cohort study of unmet supportive care needs, post-traumatic growth, coping strategy and social supports among patients with breast cancer: The PenBCNeeds study. J Psychosoc Oncol. 2024;42(5):688-708. Kendall S M, Stuart A, Ord J K. Kendall's advanced theory of statistics. Volume 1: Distribution theory. 5th ed. JR Stat Soc Series. 1988;84(407):41. Ni P, Chen JL, Liu N. The sample size estimation in quantitative nursing research. Chin J Nurs. 2010;45(04):378-380. Gu FC, Lin Z, Shang XC, Bian QG, Lin L, Zhang HJ, et al. Construction and preliminary application of Symptom Cluster Scale for inflammatory bowel disease. Chin J Nurs. 2020;55(12):1819-1824. Olson DH, Sprenkle DH, Russell CS. Circumplex model of marital and family system: I. Cohesion and adaptability dimensions, family types, and clinical applications. Fam Process. 1979;18(1):3-28. Fei LP, Shen QJ, Zhen YP, Zhao JP, Jiang SA, Wang LW, et al. Preliminary evaluation of the Chinese version of FACESⅡand FES: comparison of normal families and families of schizophrenic patients. Chin Ment Health J. 1991;(05):198-202, 238. Tedeschi R G, Calhoun L G. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma. J Trauma Stress. 1996; 9(3): 455-471. Wang J, Chen Y, Wang YB, Liu XH. Revision of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and testing its reliability and validity. J Nurs Sci. 2011;26(1):26-28. Harvey R F, Bradshaw J M. A simple index of Crohn's-disease activity. Lancet .1980;1(8167): 514. Wang J, Wang X. Structural equation modeling: applications using Mplus . 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons; 2019. Zhu ZH, Lin Z, Bian QG. A qualitative study on supportive care needs of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Chin J Pract Nurs . 2023; 39 (3): 222-227. Knowles S, Andrews JM, Porter A, Hons B. Predictors of impaired mental health and support seeking in adults with inflammatory bowel disease: an online survey. Gastroenterol Nurs. 2018;41(1):38–46. Maslow AH. A theory of human motivation. Psychol Rev . 1943;50(4):370-396. Daher S, Khoury T, Benson A, Walker JR, Hammerman O, Kedem R, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease patient profiles are related to specific information needs: A nationwide survey. World J Gastroenterol. 2019 ;25(30):4246-4260. Eberhart L, Aust H, Schuster M, Sturm T, Gehling M, Euteneuer F, et al. Preoperative anxiety in adults-a cross-sectional study on specific fears and risk factors. BMC psychiatry. 2020; 20: 1-14. Central Committee of the Communist Party of China , State Council. Healthy China 2030 Planning Outline [Internet]. 2016 Oct 25 [cited 2025 Apr 15]. Available from: http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-10/25/content_5124174.htm. Atreja A, Khan S, Rogers JD, Otobo E, Patel NP, Ullman T, et al. Impact of the Mobile HealthPROMISE Platform on the Quality of Care and Quality of Life in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Study Protocol of a Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2015 ;18;4(1):e23. Larsson K, Lööf L, Nordin K. Stress, coping and support needs of patients with ulcerative colitis or C rohn's disease: a qualitative descriptive study. J Clin Nurs. 2017;26(5-6): 648-657. Chen L, Zhou Y. The symptom experience of newly diagnosed Chinese patients with Crohn's disease: A longitudinal qualitative study. J Adv Nurs. 2023;79(10): 3824-3836. Taylor K, Chivers P, Bulsara C, Joske D, Bulsara M, Monterosso L. Care After Lymphoma (CALy) trial: A phase II pilot pragmatic randomised controlled trial of a nurse-led model of survivorship care. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2019 ;40:53-62. Qin F, Zhen L, Ye X, Wei H, Zhu M, Chen J, et al. Stigma and Its Influence on Patients With Temporary Ostomy: A Cross-sectional Survey. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2020;47(3):244-248. Peng LF, Hu DY, Xiong Y, Hu LZ, Li MM. Application of acceptance commitment group therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Nurs Sci . 2024;39(09):94-98. Wang S, Li Y, Li S, Zhang E, Dai Z, Cui J, et al. Association between type D personality and supportive care needs in elderly patients with breast cancer: a prospective longitudinal observational study. BMC Geriatr. 2023;23(1):721. Abraham BP. Symptom management in inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;9(7):953-967. Lamb CA, Kennedy NA, Raine T, Hendy PA, Smith PJ, Limdi JK, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology consensus guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. Gut. 2019;68 (Suppl ) 3 : s1-s106. Barberio B, Zamani M, Black CJ, Savarino EV, Ford AC. Prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatology. 2021;6:359–70. Lu XP, Wang WJ, Wei HX, Yang X, Zhang X, Zheng TH. Construction of a hospital-community linkage continuous care quality evaluation index system for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Nursing Research. 2024, 38 (24): 4371-4377. Qin SW, Zhang YJ, Zhang Y, Wang y, Fan JW, Shi XQ, et al. Mediating role of symptom distress between family function and supportive care needs among esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy. J Nurs Sci. 2022;37(07):5-8. Inflammatory Bowel Disease Group, Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, Chinese Medical Association, Group of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Chinese Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Expert consensus on nutritional support therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (2nd ed). Chin J Inflamm Bowel Dis.2018;2(3):154-172. Popov J, Farbod Y, Chauhan U, Kalantar M, Hill L, Armstrong D, et al. Patients' experiences and challenges in living with inflammatory bowel disease: A qualitative approach. Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 2021;14: 123-131. Zhao L, Ma L, Chen X, Liu Z. Psychological nursing intervention improves the mental health status of young patients with lung cancer surgery during the perioperative period. Medicine. 2021;100(31):e26736. Liu Z, Doege D, Thong MSY, Arndt V. The relationship between posttraumatic growth and health-related quality of life in adult cancer survivors: A systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2020;276:159-168. Folkman S, Lazarus RS, Gruen RJ, DeLongis A. Appraisal, coping, health status, and psychological symptoms. J Pers Soc Psychol.1986; 50 (3): 571-581. Seligman ME, Csikszentmihalyi M. Positive psychology. An introduction. Am Psychol. 2000;55(1):5-14. Wang Y, Zhang C, Zhou Y. Reconstructing self from the illness: a constructivist grounded theory study of posttraumatic growth in patients with Crohn's disease. BMC Gastroenterol. 2023;23(1):244. McNamara J, Connor SJ, Andrews JM. The Evolving Role of Technology in Delivering Patient-centric, Empowered Health Care in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Patient Experience Using Crohn's Colitis Care e-Health Consumer Platform. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2023;29(9):1510-1511. Xu G, Liu T, Jiang Y, Xu Y, Zheng T, Li X. Heterogeneity in Psychological Adaptation Patterns and Its Predictive Factors Among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Latent Profile Analysis. Psychol Res Behav Manag. e2024;17: 219-235. Sun XX, Wang YL, Lu W, Lu W, Zhu LH. Application of narrative nursing to the management of symptom clusters and post-traumatic growth of lung cancer surgery patients. Chin Journal of Lung Cancer. 2025, 28 (01): 40-46. Verstockt B, Noor NM, Marigorta UM, Pavlidis P, Deepak P, Ungaro RC, et al. The results of the Seventh Scientific Workshop of ECCO: Precision medicine in IBD—disease outcome and response to therapy. J Crohns Colitis. 2021;15(9):1410-1430. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 09 May, 2025 Read the published version in BMC Gastroenterology → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 23 Apr, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 23 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 22 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 22 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 21 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 21 Apr, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 21 Apr, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 21 Apr, 2025 First submitted to journal 18 Apr, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6022107","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":445731119,"identity":"5834c896-bdab-4623-9e02-c5d4acb39488","order_by":0,"name":"Rongfei Duan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Nursing,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Rongfei","middleName":"","lastName":"Duan","suffix":""},{"id":445731120,"identity":"f139203e-a4a9-46e9-8dc4-5ee48fd70595","order_by":1,"name":"Wan Mei","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Nursing,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Wan","middleName":"","lastName":"Mei","suffix":""},{"id":445731121,"identity":"d3925ce3-e3a1-4c14-b5e8-ee4fb1c50f86","order_by":2,"name":"Ming Lei","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Jiangsu Jiankang Vocational College","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ming","middleName":"","lastName":"Lei","suffix":""},{"id":445731122,"identity":"63c6e6f7-645e-41b4-bdc9-8296c2721bcc","order_by":3,"name":"Danlei Chen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Nursing,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Danlei","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""},{"id":445731123,"identity":"4744cd2b-81f3-40ca-ad2b-fc1b647e4e48","order_by":4,"name":"Ting Pan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Nursing,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ting","middleName":"","lastName":"Pan","suffix":""},{"id":445731124,"identity":"b2d70b4e-ea1b-4ef0-9017-0115303d5ea0","order_by":5,"name":"Fang Kong","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fang","middleName":"","lastName":"Kong","suffix":""},{"id":445731125,"identity":"985b9e27-c6fa-4688-b2f3-4550819905fb","order_by":6,"name":"Yan Chen","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA+UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBAC9gYgkWDwT44fyDKAiCXg18JzAEh8KDhgLNlzgAQtjDM+HEjccAOukpAW/jNm0jwGdxIbbr49UMxTs42Bnz3HgOHnDjxaJHJAWp4ZN87OSzDmOXabQbLnjQFj7xncWuwleEBamGWbpXMMjHkbbjMY3MgxYGZsI+gwoBrJMxAt9gS1MOSYSc4wOKzYI8EDtUWCkBaJtGKLDwZpxhI8OQaGc47d5pE486zgYC9ehx3eeCPhj42c/fEzZgZvam7L8bcnb3zwE48WBgYOEwkoi80A7FIgOIBPAzDJPP4AZTE/wK9yFIyCUTAKRioAAATWT3RLkbsAAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"","institution":"The Second Hospital of Nanjing, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yan","middleName":"","lastName":"Chen","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-02-13 10:23:26","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6022107/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6022107/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-025-03953-5","type":"published","date":"2025-05-09T15:57:39+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":82010682,"identity":"2574cdad-b6e3-47ce-a2c0-44ca5fb8bd4a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-06 01:36:03","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":86865,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe characteristic distribution of 3 potential categories of the care needs among patients with CD\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6022107/v1/0f1ba49c6c1dde7e071c9fad.png"},{"id":82010043,"identity":"12eea9ae-bcb3-4d18-a659-fa55f20c131c","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-06 01:28:03","extension":"png","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":101253,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eComparison of the results of multivariate analysis of Class 1 and Class 3 care needs\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"2.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6022107/v1/fce175287461b50c36def3df.png"},{"id":82010045,"identity":"fc3fa51c-8aeb-424b-97ad-42672d10dc19","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-06 01:28:03","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":99032,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eComparison of the results of multivariate analysis of Class 2 and Class 3 care needs\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6022107/v1/2e5cd9b688000aedd5404ea9.png"},{"id":82010052,"identity":"75da523c-7cf6-4ef0-93f1-317860e3d673","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-06 01:28:03","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":95156,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eComparison of the results of multivariate analysis of Class 2 and Class 1 care needs\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6022107/v1/5ff34e1eea850dc1cbf28613.png"},{"id":82537641,"identity":"31494165-c0b0-4f99-8a0c-bfe83067d6fe","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-05-12 16:09:41","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":2270786,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6022107/v1/155b8120-e900-4a24-848b-03011be4eaf7.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Care needs profiles of Crohn's disease patients and their associations with symptom clusters, post-traumatic growth, and family function: A latent profile analysis","fulltext":[{"header":"1 Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCrohn\u0026apos;s disease (CD)\u003c/em\u003e is a chronic nonspecific intestinal inflammatory disease with unclear etiology and pathogenesis\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[1]\u003c/sup\u003e. In recent years, the incidence of CD has been increasing globally\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e[2]\u003c/sup\u003e, and China, as\u0026nbsp;an\u0026nbsp;Asian\u0026nbsp;country\u0026nbsp;with a high incidence of CD\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[3]\u003c/sup\u003e , has an average annual incidence rate of approximately 1.22 per 100,000 people\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e[4]\u003c/sup\u003e, with the rate still increasing. The disease is recurrent and incurable\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[5]\u003c/sup\u003e, and long-term maintenance treatment\u0026nbsp;places\u0026nbsp;an enormous economic burden on patients\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[6]\u003c/sup\u003e, while symptoms such as chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fatigue can seriously affect patients\u0026apos; work, life, and socialisation\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[7]\u003c/sup\u003e. Under the combined\u0026nbsp;effects\u0026nbsp;of various factors, CD patients generally have a large psychological burden\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[8]\u003c/sup\u003e, and both the body and mind are in a state of high demand.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCare\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;needs\u003c/em\u003e refer to all kinds of help and services that patients need to be provided in the process of disease diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up, including physiological, informational, emotional, psychological, and social aspects\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[9]\u003c/sup\u003e. Focusing on care needs during an illness can help individuals cope better with their illness\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[10]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e.\u0026nbsp;Research\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[11-\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e12]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003ehas shown the existence of numerous unmet needs in people with CD. For example, a systematic review\u0026nbsp;revealed\u0026nbsp;that patients with CD have numerous informational, medical, and psychological needs at different stages across their lifespan and urgently require personalized supportive care interventions from professionals\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[13]\u003c/sup\u003e. However, providing individualized supportive care to patients is premised on an accurate assessment of each patient\u0026apos;s needs. Previous widely used tools for assessing care needs are only applicable to cancer\u0026nbsp;patients, such as the \u003cem\u003e34-item Supportive Care Needs Survey (SCNS-SF34)\u003c/em\u003e \u003csup\u003e[14]\u003c/sup\u003e, and there is a lack of appropriate tools to measure the care needs of patients with CD. The \u003cem\u003eCrohn\u0026apos;s Disease Care Needs Scale (CD-CNS)\u003c/em\u003e, a specific scale for assessing the care needs of CD patients, was previously developed by our research team through a systematic literature review, qualitative interviews , and the Delphi method\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[15]\u003c/sup\u003e. CD-CNS reliability and validity have been demonstrated in evaluations and were determined to be suitable for assessing the care needs of CD patients in a Chinese clinical research setting\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[15]\u003c/sup\u003e. Therefore, the CD-CNS was used in this study to assess the care needs of patients with CD.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition, previous research on CD care needs has been limited to the use of high and low scores on scales to determine individuals\u0026apos; level of need\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[16]\u003c/sup\u003e, a variable-centered approach that ignores the heterogeneity of individuals at different levels. In contrast, \u003cem\u003elatent profile analysis (LPA)\u003c/em\u003e is an individual-centered statistical method that explores the underlying group structure and thus identifies groups with different characteristics, allowing subgroup classification based on different characteristics of variables\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[17]\u003c/sup\u003e. This approach allows for the identification of CD patients with different characteristics, thus enabling the provision of more targeted care needs. Compared with cluster and factor analyses, it is more accurate, objective, flexible, and comprehensive\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[18-\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e19]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, few existing studies have assessed the care needs of people with CD at multiple levels, including patients\u0026apos; physical and mental health and family. \u003cem\u003eSocial-ecological theory\u003c/em\u003e \u003csup\u003e[20]\u003c/sup\u003e states that changing only the intrinsic level of an individual has a limited effect on maintaining long-term health behaviors and that multiple levels of intervention together are the most effective way to change health behaviors. Specifically, the care needs of people with CD may be influenced by both the individual level (e.g., sociodemographic, disease-related, and psychological factors) and the interpersonal level (e.g., family factors). However, the previous studies on psychological factors of care needs mostly focused on negative aspects\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[21]\u003c/sup\u003e, and positive studies were scarce. With the rise of positive psychology, studies have found that patients with chronic diseases will also experience positive psychological changes through complex cognitive adjustments after struggling with traumatic events such as diseases, which in turn promotes them to adopt a positive attitude to re-understand themselves and deal with diseases and focus on physiological, psychological, and social needs to reshape their lives\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[22,\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e23]\u003c/sup\u003e. The CD is undoubtedly a traumatic event for patients, and it may also have an impact on their physical and psychological needs. Therefore, this study explored the latent classes of care needs of people with CD based on LPA and analyzed their influencing factors at multiple levels concerning socioecological theories to inform the development of precise care intervention plans.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2 Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1 Study design and participants\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study had a cross-sectional research design. The convenience sampling method was used to select CD patients who attended a gastroenterology treatment center in a tertiary-level A hospital in Nanjing city from August to November 2024.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Age\u0026thinsp;\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;18 years; (2) Meet the diagnostic criteria for CD in the Consensus Opinion on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Beijing 2018) \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e ; and (3) Primary school education and above, and be able to understand the questionnaire correctly.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Patients with mental illness or taking psychotropic drugs; and (2) Patients with severe comorbidities, such as organ insufficiency or malignant tumors.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2 Sample size of the study\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to \u003cem\u003eKendal's\u003c/em\u003e \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR24\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e24\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e sample size estimation method, the sample size is 5\u0026ndash;10 times the number of variables. The total number of variable factors in this study is 24. The sample size should be between 120 and 240 cases, and the sample size of the included cases should be at least 144 cases or more, accounting for 10% of invalid questionnaires. To ensure the accuracy of the model and test its efficacy \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e25\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, 250 CD patients were ultimately included.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3 Ethical considerations\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study followed the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the ethics committee of Nanjing Second Hospital \u003cem\u003e(No. 2023-LS-Ky-022).\u003c/em\u003e All study subjects gave informed consent and voluntarily participated in this study. In addition, this study was an anonymous survey, did not involve unethical behavior, and did not cause adverse health consequences to the participants' physical or mental health.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4 Measures\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4.1 \u003cem\u003eGeneral Information Questionnaire\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eA self-designed general information questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographics and disease characteristics.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4.2 \u003cem\u003eCD-CNS\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe CD-CNS was used to assess the needs of patients. This scale was developed by Chen \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e in 2024 to assess the care needs of patients with CD. The scale consists of 27 items in five dimensions: medical needs (6 items), information needs (5 items), physical needs (7 items), psychological needs (5 items), and external support needs (4 items). Responses were rated on a 5-point Likert response scale (1\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;not applicable, 2\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;satisfied, 3\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;low need, 4\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;moderate need, and 5\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;high need). The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the CD-CNS was 0.940 \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e15\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The Cronbach's alpha for this scale in this study was 0.939.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4.3 \u003cem\u003eInflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Patient Symptom Clusters Assessment Scale\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis scale was used to assess symptom burden in patients with CD. The scale was developed by Gu \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e in 2020 to assess the symptoms of patients with CD. The scale consists of five dimensions, namely, the abdominal symptom cluster (3 items), intestinal symptom cluster (5 items), nutritional symptom cluster (3 items), systemic symptom cluster (4 items), and psychiatric-psychological symptom cluster (3 items), for a total of 18 entries, in which each of the entries includes 3 modules of frequency of occurrence, severity, and degree of distress and is based on a 5-point Likert scale according to the symptoms of patients with IBD. When the score ranges from 1 to 5, the higher the score is, the more severe the symptoms of IBD patients. The total Cronbach's alpha coefficient for this scale was 0.856 \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR26\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e26\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The Cronbach's alpha in this study was 0.883.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec10\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4.4 \u003cem\u003eFamily Adaptability and Cohesion Scales, Second Edition (FACES II)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe FACES II was used to assess patients' family function. The scale was developed by Oison et al \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e27\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. And translated and validated in Chinese by Fei et al \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The scale consists of 30 items, including 2 subscales of cohesion (16 items) and adaptability (14 items). The scale is scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5, from \"not\" to \"always\"; the higher the score is, the better the family cohesion and adaptability. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the FACES II ranged from 0.68 to 0.85 \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The Cronbach's alpha of this scale in this study was 0.895.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec11\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4.5 \u003cem\u003ePost-traumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe PTGI was used to assess \u003cem\u003epost-traumatic growth (PTG)\u003c/em\u003e in patients. The scale was developed by Tedeschi \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e and others and was created by Wang \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The scale includes five dimensions\u0026mdash;life perception, personal strength, new possibilities, relationships with others, and self-transformation\u0026mdash;with 20 items, each of which is scored on a 6-point Likert scale, with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 representing not at all, very little, few, some, many, and very much, respectively, and a total score of 100 points; higher scores indicate higher levels of PTG. The overall Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the PTGI is 0.874 \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e30\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The Cronbach's alpha for this scale in this study was 0.966.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec12\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4.6 \u003cem\u003eHarvey-Bradshaw Index (HBI)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIBD disease activity was assessed via the Harvey-Bradshaw Index in patients with Crohn's disease with HBI scores\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;5, which is considered an active disease \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR31\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e31\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. This scoring system consists of five items: general condition, abdominal pain, abdominal mass, diarrhea, and concomitant symptoms.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec13\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.5 Data collection.\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe questionnaire for this study was distributed and collected by the researcher. Before the survey, patients were informed of the purpose and significance of the study and the requirements for questionnaire completion via uniform instructions, and an informed consent form was signed by the patients after their consent was obtained. During the survey, the questionnaire was filled out independently by the patients, and when the patients had questions about the questionnaire expression, the researcher answered them via a unified statement. After the survey, the paper questionnaires were collected on-site. After collection, two researchers performed a rigorous screening to exclude any questionnaires that contained logical errors, patterned responses, or incomplete fields .\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec14\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.6 Data analysis\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the first step, this study employed SPSS 27.0 for descriptive data analysis and a common method bias test. Qualitative data are described using n (%). The quantitative data obey the normal distribution by ( x\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;s ), and the non-normal distribution by M (Q1, Q3).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the second step, Mplus 8.3 was used for LPA. The fit indicators included (1) the \u003cem\u003eAkaike information criterion (AIC)\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eBayesian information criterion (BIC)\u003c/em\u003e, and \u003cem\u003esample size-adjusted BIC (aBIC)\u003c/em\u003e, with smaller values. A smaller value corresponds to a better model fit. (2) A closer \u003cem\u003eentropy\u003c/em\u003e to 1 indicates that the model classification is more accurate when entropy\u0026thinsp;≧\u0026thinsp;0.8, which indicates that the classification accuracy is greater than 90%. (3) \u003cem\u003eThe Lo‒Mendell‒Rubin (LMR)\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003ebootstrap likelihood ratio test (BLRT)\u003c/em\u003e results when \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05 indicate that the k - class model fits better than the k\u0026thinsp;\u0026minus;\u0026thinsp;1 class model \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR32\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e32\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe third step is to compare qualitative data between groups by the \u003cem\u003eχ\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e test, for quantitative data with non-normal distribution, pairwise comparisons between multiple groups of data were performed by the \u003cem\u003eKruskal-Wallis test\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eBonferroni correction\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFinally, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of profile categories, with profile categories as dependent variables, meaningful categorical variables in univariate analysis as factors, and continuous variables as covariates. The difference was statistically significant with \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05. To make the multivariate analysis results more intuitive, we constructed the forest plot using \u003cem\u003eR version 4.3. 3\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3 Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec16\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.1 Care Needs Scale scores of CD patients, sociodemographic characteristics, an disease information\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eA total of 259 questionnaires were distributed and returned in this study, 9 invalid questionnaires were excluded, and the recovery rate of valid questionnaires was 96.5%. The total CD-CNS score was (74.28\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;23.96), which included medical needs (18.54\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;6.69), information needs (17.46\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5.62), physical needs (18.04\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;7.69), psychological needs (9.71\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5.39), and external support needs (10.54\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;5.28). In this survey, the ages of 250 patients with CD ranged from 18 to 73 years, with a mean age of 36.60\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;12.08 years. Of these, the majority (64.4%) were under 40 years of age, 71.2% of the patients had high a school education level or above, most of the patients (61.6%) were male, more than half (50.4%) were currently unemployed, most (67.2%) had CD intestinal surgery, more than half (80%) were treated with biological agents, 36% were in the active disease stage, and 51.6% needed gastrointestinal nutritional support. Baseline characteristics of patients with CD are presented in Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDescriptive statistics for sociodemographic and disease information (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;250)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariables\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCategories\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFrequency (n)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eProportion (%)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDuration of illness (years)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u0026ndash;5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e121\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGender\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e154\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge (years)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u0026ndash;40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e161\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41\u0026ndash;59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarital status\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarried\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e146\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnmarried\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDivorcee\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFertility\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e111\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e139\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEducational background\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSecondary schools\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJunior high school\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHigh school or junior college\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e101\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUndergraduate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePostgraduate and above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResidence\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVillage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e115\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTown\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e135\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eType of medical payment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSelf-pay\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedical insurance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e240\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e96.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCurrent working status\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFull-time\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePart-time\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSick leave\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnemployed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e126\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMonthly household income (CNY)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;3000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3001\u0026ndash;6000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e105\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6001\u0026ndash;10000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;10000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnnual expenditure on illness (CNY)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;5000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5001\u0026ndash;10000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;10000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e215\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCaregiver\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eParents\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpouse\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChildren\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSelf\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eParents and spouse\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCurrent disease stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAcute episode\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRemission\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e160\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStatus of use of biological agents\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e200\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePurpose of admission\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedication\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSurgeries\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRechecking\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e114\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCD surgery\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e168\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAny complications\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e169\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e67.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNasal feeding tube\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e173\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStoma\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e223\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e89.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAbdominal drainage tube\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e227\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90.8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCurrent diet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNormal diet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRestrictive diet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal gastrointestinal nutrition\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSupplementary gastrointestinal nutrition\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec17\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.2 Results of the common method bias test\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThis study was self-reported by patients, which may lead to common method bias. The common method bias test was performed via the \u003cem\u003eHarman one-way method\u003c/em\u003e, and the results revealed that there were 20 factors with eigenvalues\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;1 and that the variance contribution rate of the first factor was 30.876% (\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;40% of the recommended standard), suggesting that there was no serious common method bias, which indicates that the observed variable relationship can reflect the real theoretical correlation, and the variation of data is not the systematic bias caused by the measurement method itself.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec18\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.3 Results of LPA of CD patients\u0026apos; care needs\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIn this study, the five dimensions of the CD-CNS were used as exogenous variables, and the number of model classes was increased sequentially starting from a single-class model to obtain the model of latent profiles from 1 to 5 classes; the fitting results are shown in Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e. With the increase in the number of model classes, the values of Log L, AIC, BIC, and aBIC decreased continuously, but when the number of classes was 3, the entropy was greater; the difference was statistically significant, with \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01 for LMR and BLRT. Whereas the BLRT and LMR for the category 4 and 5 models showed non-significant p-values ( \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05) and did not provide statistically better fits, the entropy for the category 3 (0.082) model was greater than that for category 2 (0.868 ), suggesting that the category 3 categorization was more accurate. In a comprehensive comparison, the category 3 model was identified as the best latent profile model in this study. In addition, the average probabilities of class attribution of the category 3 model were 95.6%, 93.0%, and 95.7%, suggesting that the accuracy of category attribution was high and that the results were credible.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOn the basis of the model determination, the mean values of each category on the 5 dimensions of CD-CNS were plotted to create a distribution of category features in Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, and the 3 classes were named according to the fluctuations in the mean values of the entry scores. Class 1 mainly comprises patients in remission (93.8%). The CD-CNS score is (50.77\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;10. 93) points. The average score of each item is 1.5 to 2.3 points. The score is low, indicating that this type of patient can adapt to the physiological, psychological, social, and other effects of the disease, so it is named the \u0026quot;low-care-needs-adaptation group\u0026quot;. The CD-CNS score of the Class 2 is (77.68\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;12. 98) points. Although the physiological needs score is higher than that of Class 1, the psychological needs are similar to those of C1, so it is named the \u0026quot;moderate-care-needs-growth group\u0026quot; The CD-CNS score of Class 3 was (101.44\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;11. 95) points, of which 69.9% were in the active phase and 23.3% of patients had a stoma, reflecting multidimensional distress; Moreover, these patients have high needs scores in five dimensions, especially the physical and psychological needs are significantly higher than other categories, so they are named \u0026quot;high-care-needs-distress group\u0026quot;.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePotential categories of care needs among patients with CD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClass\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLog (L)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAIC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBIC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eaBIC\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEntropy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLMR\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eBLRT\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e(\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCategorical probability\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-4026.118\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8072.236\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8107.451\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8075.750\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-3818.671\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7669.342\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7725.686\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7674.964\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.868\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.556/0.444\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-3745.949\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7535.398\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7613.371\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7543.629\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.882\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.384/0.324/0.292\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-3721.778\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7499.557\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7598.158\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7509.395\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.894\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0775\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.360/0.300/0.232/0.108\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-3687.889\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7443.777\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7563.507\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7455.724\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.926\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.0860\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.296/0.124/0.272/0.200/0.108\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003ctfoot\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"9\"\u003eNote: Log (L) Log Likelihood, AIC Akaike information criterion, BIC Bayesian information criterion, ABIC adjusted BIC, LMR Lo ‒ Mendell ‒ Rubin, BLRT bootstrap likelihood ratio test.\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tfoot\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec19\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.4 Univariate analysis of potential profile categories of care needs of CD patients\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe results of the univariate analysis showed that the nursing needs of the 3 classes of patients were statistically significant (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05) in terms of family monthly income (\u003cem\u003e\u0026chi;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;12.993, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.043), current work status (\u003cem\u003e\u0026chi;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;18.583, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.004), disease status (\u003cem\u003e\u0026chi;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;74.520, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01), purpose of admission (\u003cem\u003e\u0026chi;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;30.676, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01), complications (\u003cem\u003e\u0026chi;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;11.503, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01), nasogastric tube (\u003cem\u003e\u0026chi;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;27.318, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01), stoma (\u003cem\u003e\u0026chi;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;16.733, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01) and current diet (\u003cem\u003e\u0026chi;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;35.080, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01). At the same time, compared with classes 1 and 2, patients in class 3 are more likely to be unemployed or frequently take sick leave, have lower monthly family income, and are more likely to have active disease, complications, stoma, and need nutritional support, as shown in Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eThe differences in the IBD symptom clusters assessment scale scores for Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 were statistically significant (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05), and the differences in abdominal were not statistically significant except for Class 2 and Class 3 (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05), the rest were statistically significant; In intestinal, except for Class 1 and Class 2, the difference was not statistically significant (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05), and the rest were statistically significant; the differences in the scores of whole body, nutritional, psychosomatic, and other dimensions were statistically significant (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). The differences in the family cohesion and adaptation scale scores of Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 were statistically significant (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). Among them, the scores of family cohesion, family adaptation, and other dimensions were statistically significant (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). The differences in PTG scale scores Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 were statistically significant (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05), among which the scores of life lessons, personal power, new possibilities, relationships with others, self-transformation, and other dimensions were statistically significant (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05), as shown in Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnivariate analysis of potential categories of care needs among \u003cstrong\u003epatients with CD\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariables\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCategories\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClass 1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClass 2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClass 3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026chi;\u003c/em\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u003cem\u003e2\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDuration of illness (years)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11(11. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18(22. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7(9. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7. 435\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 115\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u0026ndash;5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40(41.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28(34. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25(34. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45(46. 9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35(43. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41(56. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eGender\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e65(67. 7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47(42. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42(57. 5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2. 462\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 292\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFemale\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31(32. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34(58. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31(42. 5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAge (years)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18\u0026ndash;40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e64(66. 7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52(64. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45(61. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1. 609\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 822\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41\u0026ndash;59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26(27.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26(32.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25(34.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6(6. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3(3. 7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3(4. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarital status\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMarried\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53(55. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48(59. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45(61. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.137\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.378\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnmarried\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41(42. 7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33(40. 7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25(34. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDivorcee\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2(2. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0(0. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3(4. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFertility\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48(50. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35(43. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28(38. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2. 346\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 309\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48(50. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46(56. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45(61. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEducational background\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSecondary schools\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8(8. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10(12. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7(9. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10. 197\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 239\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eJunior high school\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23(24. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11(13.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13(17. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eHigh school or junior college\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44(45. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29(35. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28(38. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUndergraduate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20(20. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27(33. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21(28. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePostgraduate and above\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1(1. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4(4. 9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4(5. 5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResidence\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVillage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49(51. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33(40. 7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33(45. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1. 903\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 386\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTown\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47(49. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48(59. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40(54. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eType of medical payment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSelf-pay\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5(5.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4(4.9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1(1.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1. 886\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 393\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedical insurance\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e91(94. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77(95. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e72(98.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCurrent working status\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFull-time\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49(51. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27(33. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16(21. 9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18. 583\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 004\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePart-time\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5(5. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6(7. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3(4. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSick leave\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5(5.2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8(9. 9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5(6. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eUnemployed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37(38. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40(49. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49(67. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMonthly household income (CNY)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;3000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10(10. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9(11. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20(27. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12. 993\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 043\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3001\u0026ndash;6000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45(46. 9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33(40. 7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27(37. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6001\u0026ndash;10000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25(26. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23(28. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19(26. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;10000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16(16. 7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16(19. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7(9. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAnnual expenditure on illness (CNY)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;5000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4(4. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5(6. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1(1. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6. 254\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 172\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5001\u0026ndash;10000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14(14. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7(8. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4(5. 5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026gt;10000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78(81. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69(85. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68(93. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"5\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCaregiver\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eParents\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37(38. 5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29(35. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33(45. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.465\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.825\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSpouse\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26(27. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27(33. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19(26. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eChildren\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5(5. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4(4. 9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5(6. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSelf\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26(27. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18(22. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13(17. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eParents and spouse\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2(2.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3(3.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3(4. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCurrent disease stage\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAcute episode\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6(6. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36(44. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51(69. 9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74.520\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRemission\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90(93. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45(55. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22(30. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStatus of use of biological agents\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81(84. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63(77. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56(76. 7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1. 892\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 388\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15(15. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18(22. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17(23. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePurpose of admission\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMedication\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31(32. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30(37. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25(34. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30. 676\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSurgeries\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5(5. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19(23. 5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26(35. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRechecking\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60(62. 5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32(39. 5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22(30. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCD surgery\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68(70. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53(65. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e47(64. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 953\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 621\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28(29. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28(34. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26(35. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAny complications\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20(20. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28(34. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33(45. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11. 503\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0. 003\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76(29. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e53(65. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40(54. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNasal feeding tube\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14(14. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25(30. 9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38(52. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27. 318\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82(85. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56(69.1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35(47. 9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStoma\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5(5. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5(6. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17(23. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16. 733\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e91(94. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76(93. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56(76. 7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAbdominal drainage tube\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3(3. 1)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7(8. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13(17. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10. 747\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.050\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e93(96. 9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e74(91. 4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60(82. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\" rowspan=\"4\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCurrent diet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNormal diet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56(58. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25(30. 9)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14(19. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35. 080\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRestrictive diet\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5(5. 2)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11(13. 6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10(13. 7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eTotal gastrointestinal nutrition\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16(16. 7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32(39. 5)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32(43. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSupplementary gastrointestinal nutrition\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19(19. 8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13(16. 0)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17(23. 3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003ctfoot\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\"\u003eNote: \u0026quot;a\u0026quot; Fisher exact probability method\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tfoot\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv align=\"char\" class=\"colspec\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv align=\"char\" class=\"colspec\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab4\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 4\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eComparison of scores on different dimensions of the Family Cohesion, Adaptation, PTG and IBD Symptom Cluster Scale across the three different models\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClassification\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLSD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eH\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\" rowspan=\"2\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClass 1 (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;96)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClass 2 (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;81)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClass 3 (n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;73)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSymptom cluster\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.00(60.00, 83.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e93.00(72.00, 107.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e111.00(93.00, 132.50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC3\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90.982\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAbdomen\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.00(12.00, 18.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.00(15.50, 27.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.00(18.00, 29.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC2\u0026gt;C1**, C3\u0026gt;C1**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60.740\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eIntestinal\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.00(15.00, 18.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.00(15.00, 21.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21.00(15.00, 30.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC3\u0026gt;C1**, C3\u0026gt;C2*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.232\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNutrition\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.00(9.00, 17.75)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.00(12.00, 28.50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.00(18.00, 31.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC3\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e58.635\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eWhole Body\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.50(12.00, 17.75)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.00(2.00, 21.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.00(15.00, 23.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC3\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e46.877\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePsychosomatic\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00(9.00, 14.75)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.00(9.00, 18.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21.00(15.00, 28.50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC3\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e69.549\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eFamily\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e108.50(100.25,118.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e98.00(89.50,105.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88.00(83.00, 93.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94.266\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCohesion\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60.00(55.00, 67.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e54.00(48.00, 58.50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48.00(45.00, 50.50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88.508\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAdaptation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48.00(45.00, 52.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44.00(41.00, 47.50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e41.00(37.50, 43.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e75.424\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePTG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70.00(59.00, 79.75)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60.00(44.00,70.50)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.00(23.00, 49.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e92.775\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eLife Lessons\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24.00(19.25, 27.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.00(14.50, 24.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.00(7.00, 17.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e94.743\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePersonal Power\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.00(10.00, 14.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.00(8.00, 12.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.00(4.00, 9.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88.717\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNew possibilities\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.00(9.00, 13.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.00(5.00, 12.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.00(2.00, 8.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e73.953\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRelationships with Others\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00(9.00, 11.75)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.00(6.00, 10.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.00(2.00, 7.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77.339\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSelf-Transformation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.00(11.25, 16.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.00(8.50, 14.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.00(7.00, 10.00)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eC1\u0026gt;C2\u0026gt;C3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63.260\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003ep\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.05, ** p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01 ,\u0026ldquo;\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026rdquo; The \u003cem\u003eP-\u003c/em\u003e value after Bonferroni correction.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv id=\"Sec20\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\n \u003ch2\u003e3.5 Results of multifactorial analysis of latent profile classes of care needs of CD patients\u003c/h2\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMultiple logistic regression analysis was performed with the latent profile categories of care needs of CD patients as the dependent variable and the variables that were statistically significant in the univariate analysis as the independent variables. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that: ① Comparison of the C1 and C3 groups, patients with disease activity, high symptom burden, poor family function, and low PTG were easily classified into the C3 group. Among them, the probability of active patients belonging to group C3 was higher than that in remission (\u003cem\u003eOR\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.13, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.029); Patients with higher symptom burden had a higher probability of belonging to group C3 than patients with lower symptom burden (\u003cem\u003eOR\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.948, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01); Patients with poor family function had a higher probability of belonging to group C3 than patients with good family function (\u003cem\u003eOR\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.108, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01); Patients with low PTG had a higher probability of belonging to group C3 than patients with high PTG (\u003cem\u003eOR\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.042, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.018). ② Comparison of the C2 and C3 groups, patients with no stoma, low symptom burden, good family function, and high PTG were easily classified into group C2. Among them, patients without stoma had a higher probability of belonging to group C2 than patients with stoma (\u003cem\u003eOR\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.232, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.025); Patients with lower symptom burden had a higher probability of belonging to group C2 than patients with higher symptom burden (\u003cem\u003eOR\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.97, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0.01); Patients with good family functioning had a higher probability of belonging to group C2 than patients with poor family functioning (\u003cem\u003eOR\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.057, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.016); Patients with high PTG had a higher probability of belonging to group C2 than patients with low PTG (\u003cem\u003eOR\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.032, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.027). ③ Comparison of the C1 and C2 groups, patients with less symptom burden and disease in remission were easily classified into the C1 group. Among them, patients in remission had a higher probability of belonging to group C1 than in the active phase (\u003cem\u003eOR\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;6.604, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.022); Patients with a light symptom burden had a higher probability of belonging to group C1 than patients with high symptom burden (\u003cem\u003eOR\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;1.025, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.023); Patients with good family functioning had a higher probability of belonging to group C1 than patients with poor family functioning (\u003cem\u003eOR\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.990, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.01), See Table \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e. To intuitively see the influencing factors of different potential categories of care needs, we added a forest diagram for visualization. See Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e, Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e \u003cstrong\u003eand\u003c/strong\u003e Fig. \u003cspan class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003ctable id=\"Tab5\" border=\"1\"\u003e\n \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 5\u003c/div\u003e\n \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResults of the multivariate logistic analysis of the factors influencing latent profiles associated with fear of progression in patients with CD\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n \u003c/caption\u003e\n \u003ccolgroup cols=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/colgroup\u003e\n \u003cthead\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVariables\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026beta;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eS.E.\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ewald\u0026chi;\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eOR\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003cth align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e95% \u003cem\u003eCI\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/th\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/thead\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClass1 versus\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClass 3\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAcute episode\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.038\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.934\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.763\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.029*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.130\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.021, 0.812]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStoma\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.636\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.926\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.472\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.492\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.529\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.086, 3.251]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSymptom burden\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.054\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.012\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.509\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.948\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.925, 0.971]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003efamily function\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.102\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.026\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.576\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.108\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[1.053, 1.165]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePTG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.042\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.559\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.042\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[1.007, 1.079]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClass2 versus Class3\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAcute episode\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.120\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.620\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.038\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.846\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.887\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.263, 2.990]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStoma\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.461\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.652\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.025\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.025*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.232\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.065, 0.832]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSymptom burden\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.029\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.009\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.495\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.01**\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.971\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.955, 0.988]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003efamily function\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.055\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.023\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.781\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.016*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.057\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[1.010, 1.105]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePTG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.032\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.898\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.027*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.032\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[1.004, 1.062]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eClass2 versus Class1\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAcute episode\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.918\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.837\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.253\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.022*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.804\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[1.320,35.070]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eStoma\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.825\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.917\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.810\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.368\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.438\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.073, 2.643\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eSymptom burden\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.024\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.011\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.146\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.023*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.025\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[1.003, 1.047]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003efamily function\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.018\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.718\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.010*\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.954\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.921, 0.989]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePTG\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.010\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"left\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0,014\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.483\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.487\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.990\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd align=\"char\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.963, 1.018]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n \u003ctfoot\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"8\"\u003eNote:Class1 is the low-care-need-adaptation group, Class 2 is the moderate-care-needs-growth group and Class 3 is the high-care-need- distress group. \u0026quot;a\u0026quot; Class 3 is the reference group; \u0026quot;b\u0026quot; Class 1 is the reference group. \u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003ep\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0. 05, ** p\u0026thinsp;\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;0. 01\u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tfoot\u003e\n \u003c/table\u003e\n \u003c/div\u003e\n\u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4 Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003e4.1 There is heterogeneity in the care needs of CD patients, and we need to pay attention to the high-care-needs-distress group\u003c/b\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results of this study show that the care needs of CD patients can be divided into three potential categories: the \" low-care-needs-adaptation group\", the \" moderate-care-needs-growth group\" and the \" high-care-needs-distress group\", suggesting that there is a pronounced heterogeneity in the care needs of CD patients, which further supplements the previous study \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e33\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e34\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e that the care needs of CD patients are regarded as a homogeneous whole, can better meet the differentiated needs of patients, and provide guidance for the formulation of targeted interventions in further research.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe high-care- needs- distress group accounted for 29.2% (73/250) of all CD patients, and patients in this class scored higher than the overall level on all CD-CNS dimensions. The reasons for this are as follows: (1) Patients are in the active stage of the disease and are in urgent need of medical support in the face of changes in their condition. (2) The high cost of medication and the risk of surgery creates some subjective and objective economic toxicity for patients and their families \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. (3) Changes in self-image caused by changes in intestinal function and the uncertainty of treatment aggravate the psychological burden of patients \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. According to \u003cem\u003eMaslow's hierarchy of needs theory\u003c/em\u003e, somatic function is the prerequisite for safeguarding physiological needs and the basis for realizing higher-level needs \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR35\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e35\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, which suggests that healthcare professionals need to focus on this group of patients, encourage active participation in treatment, strengthen symptom management, and guide them to seek management experience from patients who have better control of their diseases.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe moderate-care-needs-growth group accounted for 32.4% (81/250) of all CD patients, and patients in this class scored higher in information needs and lower in psychological needs. This suggests that patients in this class always remain hopeful in the face of disease distress and are eager to seek health information related to disease self-management, wanting to promote disease recovery through positive lifestyle adjustments. \u003cem\u003eHealth information needs\u003c/em\u003e refer to the needs of patients who are in a particular time or situation and recognize that the information they obtain is insufficient to achieve a goal \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR36\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e36\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Adequate information can reduce patients' disease-related concerns \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR37\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e37\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The \u003cem\u003eHealthy China 2030 Planning Outline\u003c/em\u003e explicitly proposes the promotion of \u003cem\u003eInternet\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;Healthcare services\u003c/em\u003e to meet the needs of patients for personalized services and precision medicine \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR38\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e38\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. These findings suggest that healthcare professionals can use Internet healthcare to provide patients with professional and targeted care services such as symptom monitoring, medication, diet, emotion, exercise, etc. Study \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR39\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e39\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e has demonstrated that a feedback-based health education model based on a cloud platform imparting knowledge of self-management of IBD patients, remote monitoring of disease symptoms, and guidance meets the needs of patients and improves their self-management skills.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe low-care-needs-adaptation group accounted for 38.4% (96/250) of all CD patients, and the lower scores of this class of patients on the dimensions of the CD-CNS may be related to the fact that this class of patients is in remission, with a lower burden of symptoms and a higher level of family function and psychology. This suggests that patients in this category can correctly understand their disease and actively adapt to the changes in their lives brought about by the disease; at the same time, the patient's family members are able to provide the attentive care and financial and emotional support they need. Although the needs of this group of patients are low, the disease is long-lasting with recurrent episodes, so healthcare professionals still need to warn patients of the importance of long-term self-management and change the traditional misconception of \"slow disease, slow treatment\" to maintain a long-term low level of need.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec22\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.2 Analysis of factors influencing different categories of care needs of CD patients\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec23\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.2.1 Differences in the characteristics of different categories of diseases\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eDisease active phase\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results of this study revealed that patients in the active phase were more likely to belong to the high-care-needs-distress group than those in the other two groups. This may be because, during the onset of the disease, the aggravation of symptoms can lead to sudden impairment of the patient's physical function, which not only has a negative impact on the patient's daily life and psychology but also increases the difficulty of treatment and the economic burden \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR40\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e40\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. These findings suggest that healthcare professionals need to assess patients' acceptance of symptoms in a timely manner during the active period and provide appropriate interventions to promote disease relief and enable them to resume normal work and life. Second, positive psychological guidance is provided to patients, and research \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR41\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e41\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e shows that the presence of severe symptoms prompts patients to change their health behaviors. Patients realize that the present is a good time for symptom management, prompting them to set their mindset right and actively engage in disease management. In addition, single-disciplinary care makes it difficult to cope with the multiple needs CD patients face during the active period. With the progress of medical research, \u003cem\u003emultidisciplinary combined therapy\u003c/em\u003e is gradually becoming a key direction of disease management. Taylor \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR42\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e42\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e used a \u003cem\u003enurse-led multidisciplinary nursing model\u003c/em\u003e, in which nurses and general practitioners provided personalized supportive care, and the unmet needs of lymphoma patients were reduced. Therefore, it can be applied to CD patients to alleviate negative emotions during the period and meet their diverse care needs during the active period.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cb\u003eStomas\u003c/b\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results of this study showed that patients with stoma were more likely to belong to the high-care-needs-distress group than patients in the moderate-care -needs-growth group. Patients with stomas may suffer from disturbances in body image due to changes in body shape, and some of them may even suffer from psychological problems such as a sense of shame and a decrease in self-confidence \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR43\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e43\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Therefore, CD patients with stomas should be instructed to adopt appropriate self-emotion regulation methods, such as acceptance and commitment therapy, which is a psychotherapeutic model pioneered on the basis of cognitive behavioral therapy, and its role in helping patients to enhance their positive emotions has been verified in the domestic IBD group, through which stoma patients can be helped to determine the meaning of life, improve their negative emotions, and enhance their self-identity \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR44\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e44\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec24\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.2.2 Relationships between symptom burden and the care needs of CD patients\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results revealed differences in the level of symptom burden among the three groups of CD patients, with patients with greater symptom burdens being more likely to belong to the high-care-needs-distress group. This is similar to the findings of Wang \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR45\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e45\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. These patients not only have gastrointestinal symptoms of diarrhea and abdominal pain due to the disease itself \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR46\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e46\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. They may also be accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, weight loss, and psychological symptoms such as anxiety and depression \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR47\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e47\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Studies \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR48\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e48\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e have shown that although symptoms are particularly severe for patients during exacerbations, patients in remission are not completely symptom-free, and these symptoms can directly or indirectly affect the optimal management of the disease and quality of life. Therefore, healthcare professionals need to assess the frequency and severity of patients' symptoms dynamically and develop patient-centered symptom management plans in terms of remission-phase symptom prevention, such as changes in diet, work and rest, and exercise, respectively, and active-phase symptom coping, such as active medical treatment, to reduce the symptom burden on patients and improve their quality of life. Secondly, symptom management for CD patients is a long-term process. Therefore, it is recommended that healthcare organizations combine with communities and families to build a \u003cem\u003etripartite support system\u003c/em\u003e for patient data sharing, communication, and interaction to meet the ongoing symptom management needs of CD patients \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR49\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e49\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec25\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.2.3 Relationships between family function and the care needs of CD patients\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe results of this study revealed differences in the levels of family cohesion and adaptability among the three groups of CD patients, and patients with better family cohesion and adaptability were more likely to belong to the low-care-needs-adaptation group, which is similar to the findings of Qin \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR50\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e50\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Because family function is the ability of the family as a whole to meet the needs of its members, the better the family function is, the more it can respect the patient's wishes in medical decision-making so that the patient can feel respected and be more objective in recognizing his or her own physical condition, reducing inner turmoil, and accordingly reducing unmet needs \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR50\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e50\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Second, home enteral nutrition support and dietary management are important for the development and prognosis of CD \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR51\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e51\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, and daily supervision and comanagement by family members can play a substantial role in the recovery of patients. In the high-care-needs-distress group, family function was poor. This may be because young adults constitute the main group of individuals with this disease, who are in a rising period of academic, career, and family development, and patients in the period of severe disease activity have to take a break from school, frequently leave or even quit their jobs to cooperate with the treatment of the disease \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR52\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e52\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e, and some families have difficulty adapting to this unexpected situation. Here, family adaptability can be understood as the family's ability to cope with the emergent situation \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR28\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e28\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. In addition, although CD has been included in outpatient special diseases and outpatient chronic diseases in some regions of China, the reimbursement of medical insurance is limited, and long-term outpatient treatment and repeated hospitalization still bring serious financial pressure to families, which makes patients feel guilty and think that they are a burden on the family. Therefore, for this type of patient, it is recommended that caregivers focus on the patient's family and encourage family members to participate in disease management and diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making to promote the patient's perception of family intimacy and help him or her establish a good family support system. Second, they should take the initiative to understand the patient's financial pressure and inform the patient of the reimbursement rate of medical insurance and the channels of financial support that can be sought to improve the patient's financial situation. Finally, Zhao \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR53\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e53\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e has shown that family participation in psychological care also has significant effects on improving patient needs. Therefore, for patients with enterostomy and active CD, family members should be encouraged to give full play to the support function of the family system and actively participate in the patient's care work, and patients should be given more emotional support and value affirmation from the family to meet the patient's psychological and support needs and reduce guilt.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec26\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.2.4 Relationships between PTG and the care needs of CD patients\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterestingly, the study found that patients with higher levels of PTG were more likely to belong to the low-care-needs-adaptation group and the moderate-care-needs-growth group (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05), with no significant difference between the two groups, consistent with the results of the profiling analysis. PTG is a positive psychological change experienced by individuals in the process of struggling with traumatic events \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR29\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e29\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e and can alleviate negative emotions and improve quality of life \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR54\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e54\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. The higher scores in the moderate-care-needs-growth group may be because this group of patients experienced a positive psychological response to the illness, were able to cope positively even in a state of illness-induced discomfort, and were eager to seek information related to knowledge about the illness, diet, and exercise. Stress coping theory states that individuals fully mobilize internal and external resources through cognition and behavior to cope with stressful events \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR55\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e55\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Here, the desire to seek information support can be considered a form of coping that helps patients reappraise stressful events and discover internal and external resources to face illness with a positive attitude. This also demonstrates how illness or trauma can not only negatively affect an individual but also positively influence personal growth and health behaviors \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR56\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e56\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Secondly, it is possible that patients with this type of CD have achieved personal growth by relying on their own efforts and external support. They reflect on their experiences and learn to continuously adjust their internal understanding and sense of self, effectively \"rebuilding themselves after the disease\" \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR57\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e57\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. As a result, these patients may have higher scores in PTG. For such individuals, clinical medical staff can utilize mobile information technology for patient management, such as offering professional and targeted disease management information through the IBD health education app network platform \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR58\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e58\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. For the low-care needs-adaptation group, patients with higher levels of psychological function were more able to view the disease dialectically, reduce the negative impact of the disease through the internal and external environments, adapt to the disease, and adopt more health-promoting behaviors to manage the disease \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR59\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e59\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. For the high-care-needs-adaptation group, the activity of the disease may cause trauma to the patient, which in turn will cause the patient to have symptoms of anxiety, depression, and fatigue and aggravate the patient's physical and psychological needs \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR23\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e23\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. It is suggested that medical staff can help patients express their emotions through \u003cem\u003enarrative therapy\u003c/em\u003e, such as story listening and positive response, to meet their psychological needs \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR60\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e60\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec27\" class=\"Section3\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.2.5 The complexity of sociological demographic variables\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eAlthough the demographic characteristics of CD patients are not easy to intervene with, understanding the inter-patient differences in different care needs categories can help healthcare workers identify high-care-need patients early. The results of the univariate analysis of this study showed that the proportion of patients with full-time employment in the high-care-needs distress group (22.0%) was significantly lower than that in the other two groups (51.0%, 33.3%), and the proportion of household monthly income\u0026thinsp;\u0026le;\u0026thinsp;3000 was higher (27.4% vs 11.1%, 10.4%). Combined with Yu's \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e research, economic vulnerability may exacerbate healthcare burden and anxiety levels, which in turn leads to higher demand. In addition, patients in this group received nasogastric feeding more frequently (51.2%), total enteral nutrition (43.8%), and complication rate (45.2%), which may lead to body image changes and may induce self-identity crisis, further increasing psychological burden \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Although these factors are not insignificant in multivariate models, their importance in univariate analyses remains alarming. In addition, univariate analysis showed no statistically significant difference in nursing needs between the three groups of patients in age and gender (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026thinsp;\u0026gt;\u0026thinsp;0.05). Possibly because heterogeneous sample stratification may weaken statistical power, the age-sex distribution in this study was consistent with the epidemiological characteristics of CD (\u0026lt;\u0026thinsp;40 years 64.4%; males 61.6%) \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. In addition, the results of this study are consistent with the view put forward by Mak \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e that \"the high needs of young and middle-aged patients are mainly due to disease activity rather than age itself\". In the future, the association of sociodemographic variables with care needs can be further explored through stratified sampling or expanded sample size.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec28\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e4.3 Limitations\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eDespite the inclusion of this study from rural and urban areas of more than 40 districts in 11 provinces of China and the sample institution as an authoritative tertiary-level A hospital in China in the field of CD diagnosis and treatment, its patient population has a wide geographical coverage and diversity of demographic characteristics. However, the following limitations still need to be addressed. First, at the level of sampling method, given the very limited number of CD-specialized diagnostic and treatment institutions in China, the use of convenience sampling in this study may lead to sample structure bias, and it is suggested that stratified random sampling or probability sampling based on the regional healthcare institution registration system may be used in subsequent studies to enhance the extrapolation validity of the sample to the national CD patient population. Second, at the level of data collection, the assessment system based on subjective reports in this study may introduce social expectation bias and recall bias, and it is suggested that future studies may construct a comprehensive assessment model combining subjective and objective data to validate self-reported data by testing \u003cem\u003efecal calreticulin levels\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eC-reactive protein\u003c/em\u003e concentrations of validated biomarkers \u003csup\u003e[\u003cspan citationid=\"CR61\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e61\u003c/span\u003e]\u003c/sup\u003e. Furthermore, in terms of study design, cross-sectional studies limit the inference of causality, and it is suggested that prospective longitudinal study designs could be conducted in the future to systematically track the dynamic trajectory of the care needs of patients with CD at different stages. Meanwhile, collaborative multi-center studies can be conducted to effectively expand the sample size and enhance the reliability of results. Finally, at the tool application level, the validation of the CD-CNS scale is currently limited to the Chinese population. To enhance the cross-cultural adaptability of the assessment tool, it is suggested that future validation studies can be conducted in different healthcare systems and socio-cultural contexts, and cross-cultural comparisons can be carried out to enhance confidence in its use.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"5 Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn summary, our findings have important implications for the management of patients with CD in the Chinese clinical setting. First, the study used LPA for the first time to explore the care needs of patients with CD, identifying three classes. Healthcare workers can develop individualized supportive care plans on the basis of the characteristics of patients in different classes. Second, on the basis of social-ecological system theory, this study analyzed the influencing factors of different classes at multiple levels and revealed that disease status, the presence of a stoma, symptom burden, family adaptability and cohesion, and PTG affect patients' care needs. In the future, it is recommended that clinical medical staff evaluate CD care needs in multiple dimensions and set up interdisciplinary teams to collaboratively manage diseases; At the same time, combined with the results of this study and incorporating CD-CNS into the outpatient routine process, a dynamic monitoring system of \"periodic routine assessment\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;special assessment during active period\" was constructed to more accurately capture the care needs of CD patients and ensure the accurate matching of nursing measures with the real-time needs of patients.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eavailability statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the\u0026nbsp;corresponding author upon reasonable request.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConflicts of interest\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are no conflicts of interest.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSource of Funding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eNanjing Health Science and Technology Development Special Funds Project Plan (YKK22128). Thirteenth Five-Year Plan Nanjing Health Young Talent Cultivation Project (QRX17155)\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgments\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors thank all the participants who were involved with this study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor contributions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll authors contributed to the study conception and design. DRF: data collection, data analysis, first draft of thesis. MW: Help with data analysis and thesis translation. LM, CDL, CY, PT: study design and conceptualization, manuscript revision. KF: clinical assistance and patient co-ordination.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eInflammatory Bowel Disease Group, Digestive Diseases Branch of Chinese Medical Association. Consensus opinions on the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (2018, Beijing). Chin J Dig. 2018;38(9):292-311.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eTorres J, Mehandru S, Colombel JF, Peyrin-Biroulet L. Crohn\u0026apos;s disease. Lancet. 2017; 389(10080):1741-1755.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eMak WY, Zhao M, Ng SC, Burisch J. The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease: East meets west. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2020;35(3):380-389.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eNg SC, Kaplan GG, Tang W, Banerjee R, Adigopula B, Underwood FE,\u0026nbsp;et al. Population density and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective population-based study in 13 countries or regions in Asia-Pacific. Am J Gastroenterol. 2019;114(1):107-115.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLamb CA, Kennedy NA, Raine T, Hendy PA, Smith PJ, Limdi JK, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology consensus guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. Gut. 2019; 68(Suppl 3):s1-s106.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eYu Q, Zhu C, Feng S, Xu L, Hu S, Chen H, et al. Economic burden and health care access for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases in China: web-based survey study. J Med internet Res. 2021;23(1):e20629.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSchoefs E, Vermeire S, Ferrante M, Sabino J, Lambrechts T, Avedano L, et al. What are the unmet needs and most relevant treatment outcomes according to patients with inflammatory bowel disease? A qualitative patient preference study. J Crohns Colitis. 2023;17(3):379-388.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eRegev S, Odes S, Slonim-Nevo V, Friger M, Schwartz D, Sergienko R, et al. Differential relationships of somatization, depression, and anxiety to severity of Crohn\u0026apos;s disease. J Health Psychol. 2021;26(13):2390-2401.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eFitch M I. Supportive care needs of patients with advanced disease undergoing radiotherapy for symptom control.\u0026nbsp;Can Oncol Nurs J. 2012;22(2):84-100.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Zhou L, Li H, Zhang Z, Wang L. Analysis of Longitudinal Trajectory and Influencing Factors of Supportive Care Needs in Colorectal Cancer Patients With Enterostomy. J Clin Nurs. 2024;33(5):789-795.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eorouzkhani N, Faramarzi M, Bahari A, Shirvani JS, Eslami S, Tabesh H. Inflammatory bowel disease patients\u0026apos; perspectives of nonmedical needs. BMC Gastroenterol. 2024 ;13;24(1):134.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eHart A, Miller L, B\u0026uuml;ttner FC, Hamborg T, Saxena S, Pollok RCG, et al. Fatigue, pain and fecal incontinence in adult inflammatory bowel disease patients and the unmet need: a national cross-sectional survey.\u0026nbsp;BMC Gastroenterol. 2024;24(1):481.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eVolpato E, Bosio C, Previtali E, Leone S, Armuzzi A, Pagnini F, et al. The evolution of IBD perceived engagement and care needs across the life-cycle: a scoping review. BMC Gastroenterol. 2021;21(1):293.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Au A, Lam WW, Kwong A, Suen D, Tsang J, Yeo W, et al. Validation of the Chinese version of the short-form Supportive Care Needs Survey Questionnaire (SCNS-SF34-C). Psychooncology. \u0026nbsp;2011; 20(12):1292-300.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Chen D, Liu Q, Yu Z, Pan T, Zhang A, Chen Y, et al. Development and validation of a scale to measure the care needs of Crohn\u0026apos;s disease patients: a mixed-methods study. BMC Nurs. 2024; \u0026nbsp; 23(1):472. \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Wu Q, Zhong J. Disease-related information requirements in patients with Crohn\u0026apos;s disease. Patient Prefer Adherence. 2018;12:1579-1586.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eCharzyńska E, Habibi Soola A, Mozaffari N, Mirzaei A. Patterns of work-related stress and their predictors among emergency department nurses and emergency medical services staff in a time of crisis: a latent profile analysis. BMC Nurs. 2023;22(1):98.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003ePastor D A, Barron KE, Barron BJ, Miller SL, Davis. A latent profile analysis of college students\u0026apos;achievement goal orientation. Contemp Edu Psychol. 2007; 32(1), 8-47.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eHoward M C, Hoffman M E. Variable-Centered, Person-Centered, and Person-Specific Approaches: Where Theory Meets Method. Organizational Research Methods. 2018; 21(4):846-876.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eTrinh L, Larsen K, Faulkner GE, Plotnikoff RC, Rhodes RE, North S, et al. Social-ecological correlates of physical activity in kidney cancer survivors. J Cancer Surviv. 2016; 10(1):164-75.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eXi Y, Liu R, Tang Y, Peng Y, Jin G, Song J. Trajectory patterns and influencing factors of supportive care needs in stroke patients: A longitudinal study. J Adv Nurs. 2025 ;81(2):809-819.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eTedeschi RG, Lawrence G, Calhoun. Posttraumatic growth: conceptual foundations and empirical evidence. Psychological Inquiry. 2004,15(1):1-18.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eAzman N, Leong Bin Abdullah MFI, Musa KI, Hassan N, Mohd Shariff N. Prospective cohort study of unmet supportive care needs, post-traumatic growth, coping strategy and social supports among patients with breast cancer: The PenBCNeeds study. J Psychosoc Oncol. 2024;42(5):688-708.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Kendall S M, Stuart A, Ord J K. Kendall\u0026apos;s advanced theory of statistics. Volume 1: Distribution theory. 5th ed. JR Stat Soc Series. 1988;84(407):41.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Ni P, Chen JL, Liu N. The sample size estimation in quantitative nursing research. Chin J Nurs. 2010;45(04):378-380.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eGu FC, Lin Z, Shang XC, Bian QG, Lin L, Zhang HJ, et al. Construction and preliminary application of Symptom Cluster Scale for inflammatory bowel disease. Chin J Nurs. 2020;55(12):1819-1824.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Olson DH, Sprenkle DH, Russell CS. Circumplex model of marital and family system: I. Cohesion and adaptability dimensions, family types, and clinical applications. Fam Process. \u0026nbsp; 1979;18(1):3-28.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp; Fei LP, Shen QJ, Zhen YP, Zhao JP, Jiang SA, Wang LW, et al. Preliminary evaluation of the Chinese version of FACESⅡand FES: comparison of normal families and families of schizophrenic patients. Chin Ment Health J. 1991;(05):198-202, 238.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Tedeschi R G, Calhoun L G. The Posttraumatic Growth Inventory: Measuring the positive legacy of trauma. J Trauma Stress. 1996; 9(3): 455-471.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Wang J, Chen Y, Wang YB, Liu XH. Revision of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and testing its reliability and validity. J Nurs Sci. 2011;26(1):26-28.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Harvey R F, Bradshaw J M. A simple index of Crohn\u0026apos;s-disease activity. Lancet .1980;1(8167): 514.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eWang J, Wang X. Structural equation modeling: applications using Mplus . 2nd ed. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley \u0026amp; Sons; 2019.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eZhu ZH, Lin Z, Bian QG. A qualitative study on supportive care needs of patients with inflammatory bowel disease.\u0026nbsp;Chin J Pract Nurs . 2023; 39 (3): 222-227.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eKnowles S, Andrews JM, Porter A, Hons B. Predictors of impaired mental health and support seeking in adults with inflammatory bowel disease: an online survey. Gastroenterol Nurs. 2018;41(1):38\u0026ndash;46.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Maslow AH. A theory of human motivation. Psychol Rev . 1943;50(4):370-396.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Daher S, Khoury T, Benson A, Walker JR, Hammerman O, Kedem R, et al. Inflammatory bowel disease patient profiles are related to specific information needs: A nationwide survey. World J Gastroenterol. 2019 ;25(30):4246-4260.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Eberhart L, Aust H, Schuster M, Sturm T, Gehling M, Euteneuer F, et al. Preoperative anxiety in adults-a cross-sectional study on specific fears and risk factors. BMC psychiatry. 2020; 20: 1-14.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eCentral Committee of the Communist Party of China , State Council. Healthy China 2030 Planning Outline [Internet]. 2016 Oct 25 [cited 2025 Apr 15]. Available from: http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2016-10/25/content_5124174.htm.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eAtreja A, Khan S, Rogers JD, Otobo E, Patel NP, Ullman T, et al. Impact of the Mobile HealthPROMISE Platform on the Quality of Care and Quality of Life in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Study Protocol of a Pragmatic Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2015 ;18;4(1):e23.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLarsson K, L\u0026ouml;\u0026ouml;f L, Nordin K. Stress, coping and support needs of patients with ulcerative colitis or C rohn\u0026apos;s disease: a qualitative descriptive study. J Clin Nurs. 2017;26(5-6): 648-657.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Chen L, Zhou Y. The symptom experience of newly diagnosed Chinese patients with Crohn\u0026apos;s disease: A longitudinal qualitative study. J Adv Nurs. 2023;79(10): 3824-3836.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eTaylor K, Chivers P, Bulsara C, Joske D, Bulsara M, Monterosso L. Care After Lymphoma (CALy) trial: A phase II pilot pragmatic randomised controlled trial of a nurse-led model of survivorship care. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2019 ;40:53-62.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Qin F, Zhen L, Ye X, Wei H, Zhu M, Chen J, et al. Stigma and Its Influence on Patients With Temporary Ostomy: A Cross-sectional Survey. J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs. 2020;47(3):244-248.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Peng LF, Hu DY, Xiong Y, Hu LZ, Li MM. Application of acceptance commitment group therapy in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Nurs Sci . 2024;39(09):94-98.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Wang S, Li Y, Li S, Zhang E, Dai Z, Cui J, et al. Association between type D personality and supportive care needs in elderly patients with breast cancer: a prospective longitudinal observational study.\u0026nbsp;BMC Geriatr. 2023;23(1):721.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Abraham BP. Symptom management in inflammatory bowel disease.\u0026nbsp;Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2015;9(7):953-967.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Lamb CA, Kennedy NA, Raine T, Hendy PA, Smith PJ, Limdi JK, et al. British Society of Gastroenterology consensus guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults. Gut. 2019;68 (Suppl ) 3 : s1-s106.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eBarberio B, Zamani M, Black CJ, Savarino EV, Ford AC. Prevalence of symptoms of anxiety and depression in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatology. 2021;6:359\u0026ndash;70.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLu XP, Wang WJ, Wei HX, Yang X, Zhang X, Zheng TH. Construction of a hospital-community linkage continuous care quality evaluation index system for patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Nursing Research. 2024, 38 (24): 4371-4377.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eQin SW, Zhang YJ, Zhang Y, Wang y, Fan JW, Shi XQ, et al. Mediating role of symptom distress between family function and supportive care needs among esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy. J Nurs Sci. 2022;37(07):5-8.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eInflammatory Bowel Disease Group, Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, Chinese Medical Association, Group of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Chinese Society of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition. Expert consensus on nutritional support therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (2nd ed). Chin J Inflamm Bowel Dis.2018;2(3):154-172.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003ePopov J, Farbod Y, Chauhan U, Kalantar M, Hill L, Armstrong D, et al. Patients\u0026apos; experiences and challenges in living with inflammatory bowel disease: A qualitative approach. Clin Exp Gastroenterol. 2021;14: 123-131.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eZhao L, Ma L, Chen X, Liu Z. Psychological nursing intervention improves the mental health status of young patients with lung cancer surgery during the perioperative period. Medicine. 2021;100(31):e26736.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eLiu Z, Doege D, Thong MSY, Arndt V. The relationship between posttraumatic growth and health-related quality of life in adult cancer survivors: A systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2020;276:159-168.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Folkman S, Lazarus RS, Gruen RJ, DeLongis A. Appraisal, coping, health status, and psychological symptoms. J Pers Soc Psychol.1986; 50 (3): 571-581.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Seligman ME, Csikszentmihalyi M. Positive psychology. An introduction. Am Psychol. 2000;55(1):5-14.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eWang Y, Zhang C, Zhou Y. Reconstructing self from the illness: a constructivist grounded theory study of posttraumatic growth in patients with Crohn\u0026apos;s disease. BMC Gastroenterol.\u0026nbsp;2023;23(1):244.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eMcNamara J, Connor SJ, Andrews JM. The Evolving Role of Technology in Delivering Patient-centric, Empowered Health Care in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Patient Experience Using Crohn\u0026apos;s Colitis Care e-Health Consumer Platform. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2023;29(9):1510-1511.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003e\u0026nbsp;Xu G, Liu T, Jiang Y, Xu Y, Zheng T, Li X. Heterogeneity in Psychological Adaptation Patterns and Its Predictive Factors Among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Latent Profile Analysis. Psychol Res Behav Manag. e2024;17: 219-235.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eSun XX, Wang YL, Lu W, Lu W, Zhu LH. Application of narrative nursing to the management of symptom clusters and post-traumatic growth of lung cancer surgery patients. Chin Journal of Lung Cancer. 2025, 28 (01): 40-46.\u003c/li\u003e\n \u003cli\u003eVerstockt B, Noor NM, Marigorta UM, Pavlidis P, Deepak P, Ungaro RC, et al. The results of the Seventh Scientific Workshop of ECCO: Precision medicine in IBD\u0026mdash;disease outcome and response to therapy. J Crohns Colitis. 2021;15(9):1410-1430.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-gastroenterology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bmge","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Gastroenterology](http://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/bmge/default.aspx","title":"BMC Gastroenterology","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Crohn's disease, Care needs, Symptom clusters, Latent profile analysis, Post-traumatic growth, Family adaptability, Family cohesion","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6022107/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6022107/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground and Aims:\u003c/strong\u003e The care needs of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) may be heterogeneous. This study aimed to explore the latent class of care needs of patients with CD and differences in their characteristics and to analyze the factors influencing the different latent classes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods: \u003c/strong\u003eA convenience sampling method was used to select 250 patients with CD who attended a tertiary-level hospital in Nanjing from August to November 2024 for the study. They were surveyed via the \u003cem\u003eGeneral Information Questionnaire\u003c/em\u003e, the \u003cem\u003eCrohn's Disease Care Needs Scale (CD-CNS)\u003c/em\u003e, the \u003cem\u003eInflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Patient Symptom Clusters Assessment Scal\u003c/em\u003ee, the \u003cem\u003eFamily Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES)\u003c/em\u003e, and the \u003cem\u003ePost-traumatic Growth\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e \u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003eInventory (PTGI)\u003c/em\u003e. The latent classes of care needs of CD patients were identified via \u003cem\u003elatent profile analysis (LPA)\u003c/em\u003e, and the factors influencing their latent classes were analyzed via multiple logistic regression analyses.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults:\u003c/strong\u003e 1) The LPA results revealed that the care needs of CD patients were divided into three profiles as the best model fitting indicators: the \"low-care-needs-adaptation group\" (n=96, 38.4%), the \"\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003emoderate-care-needs-growth group \" (n=81, 32.4%), and the \" high-care needs-distress group \"(n=73, 29.2%). 2) Regression analyses revealed that current disease status, the presence of a stoma, symptom burden, family adaptability and cohesion, and post-traumatic growth (PTG) were influential factors in different latent classes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion: \u003c/strong\u003eThere is significant heterogeneity in the care needs of CD patients. Care needs to focus on patients with high care needs and enhance their symptom management and psychological interventions to improve their PTG and reduce their disease burden.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Care needs profiles of Crohn's disease patients and their associations with symptom clusters, post-traumatic growth, and family function: A latent profile analysis","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-05-06 01:27:58","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6022107/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-04-23T11:26:06+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-04-23T11:22:42+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-04-22T06:48:20+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"176873422138317722458323151037474256405","date":"2025-04-22T06:34:13+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-04-21T11:34:39+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"250985104023604695757099369073354544502","date":"2025-04-21T11:33:40+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-04-21T09:30:53+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-04-21T06:24:04+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Gastroenterology","date":"2025-04-18T09:21:04+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-gastroenterology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bmge","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Gastroenterology](http://bmcgastroenterol.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/bmge/default.aspx","title":"BMC Gastroenterology","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"a2501c76-da9c-435b-bdf1-9ed33f25e361","owner":[],"postedDate":"May 6th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-05-12T16:06:04+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-6022107","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-025-03953-5","journal":{"identity":"bmc-gastroenterology","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Gastroenterology"},"publishedOn":"2025-05-09 15:57:39","publishedOnDateReadable":"May 9th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-05-06 01:27:58","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12876-025-03953-5","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12876-025-03953-5","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6022107","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6022107","identity":"rs-6022107","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}