Nanocream with Active Ingredients of Cardamom Seeds Oil as an Antibacterial Topical Preparation

chemistry Medicinal and pharmaceutical chemistry Nano- and molecular-scale electronics Nano-biomaterials and bioscience Nanomagnetics Nanomaterials, thin films and nanointerfaces Nanomedicine Nanometrology and nanomechanics Nano-optics Nanopatterning, self-assembly and nanofabrication Nanostructures for energy and sensing applications Natural products chemistry Organo main group chemistry Other nanotechnology (unclassified) Other organic chemistry (unclassified) Photochemistry and photovoltaics Physical organic chemistry Supramolecular chemistry Cardamom is one of the Indonesian herbs that produce essential oil which is known to have various pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, antifungal, antiviral, and antibacterial. Cardamom essential oil (CEO) in this study was obtained by ultrasonic-assisted extraction-hydrodistillation (UAE-HD). For practical topical application, nano cream formulation was developed. This study aimed to observe the CEO antibacterial activity in nano cream preparation with the variation of Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance (HLB) with values 10, 11, 12 and oil concentrations 2.5%, 5%, 7%, 10%, and 15%. CEO nano cream presented inhibition zone 6.03-15.23 mm against Escherichia coli and 11.13-15.23 mm against Staphylococcus aureus. The antibacterial activity in CEO was due to the main constituent that was 1,8-cineol. The particle size and zeta potential produced by the nano cream formulation ranged from 114,3 – 341,53 nm and 73,43 – 94,70 mV, respectively. The physical properties of CEO nanocream were as follows, pH 4.30-6.45; spreadability 5.1-6.9 cm; and viscosity 5210-6910 cP and showed excellent stability for 4 weeks. The best formulation was the formulation with the highest antibacterial activity in order to provide good efficacy. The formulation with CEO concentration 15%; HLB 12 possessed inhibition zone 10.2 mm and 11.4 mm for E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. The average particle size was 270.40 ± 0.38 nm and zeta potential -88.70 ± 0.20 mV, wherein still meets the nanoemulsion size range that enable penetrated into stratum corneum. This concluded that cardamom essential nano cream can be considered a potential antibacterial topical preparation.

Antibacterial; Cardamom; Essential oil; Nanocream; Nanoemulsion When a peer-reviewed version of this preprint is available, this information will be updated in the information box above. If no peer-reviewed version is available, please cite this preprint using the following information: Septiyanti, M.; Haryantik, S. O.; Dewi, R. T.; Ekapratiwi, Y.; Sulaswatty, A.; Meliana, Y. Beilstein Arch. 2024, 202446. doi:10.3762/bxiv.2024.46.v1 Citation data can be downloaded as file using the "Download" button or used for copy/paste from the text window below. Citation data in RIS format can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Zotero. © 2024 Septiyanti et al.; licensee Beilstein-Institut. This is an open access work licensed under the terms of the Beilstein-Institut Open Access License Agreement (https://www.beilstein-archives.org/xiv/terms), which is identical to the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0). The reuse of material under this license requires that the author(s), source and license are credited. Third-party material in this work could be subject to other licenses (typically indicated in the credit line), and in this case, users are required to obtain permission from the license holder to reuse the material.