Genetic characterization and mapping of the shell-strength trait in peanut

Genetic characterization and mapping of the shell-strength trait in peanut | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Genetic characterization and mapping of the shell-strength trait in peanut Gilad Ben Israel, Srinivas Kunta, William Mlelwa, Kapil Gupta, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4881662/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 05 Nov, 2024 Read the published version in BMC Plant Biology → Version 1 posted 15 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background: Shell strength is an important trait in peanuts that impacts shell breakage and yield. Despite its significance, the genetic basis of shell strength in peanuts remains largely unknown, and the current methods for rating this trait are qualitative and subjective. This study aimed to investigate the genetics of shell strength using a segregating recombinant-inbred-line (RIL) population derived from the hard-shelled cultivar ‘Hanoch’ and the soft-shelled cultivar ‘Harari’. Results: Initially, a quantitative method was developed using a texture analyzer, focusing on the proximal part of isolated shells with a P/5 punching probe. This method revealed significant differences between Hanoch and Harari. Shell strength was then measured in 235 RILs across two distinct environments, revealing a normal distribution with some RILs exhibiting shell strength values beyond those of the parental lines, indicating transgressive segregation. Analysis of variance indicated significant effects for the RILs, with no effects of block or year, and a broad-sense heritability estimate of 0.675, indicating a substantial genetic component. Using an existing genetic map, we identified three QTLs for shell strength, with one major QTL ( qSSB02 ) explaining 18.7% of the phenotypic variation. The allelic status of qSSB02 corresponded significantly with cultivar designation for in-shell or shelled types over four decades of Israeli peanut breeding. Physical and compositional analyses revealed that Hanoch has a higher shell density than Harari, rather than any difference in shell thickness, and is characterized by increased levels of lignin, cellulose, and crude fiber. Conclusions: These findings provide valuable insights into the genetic and compositional factors that influence shell strength in peanut, laying a foundation for marker-assisted selection in breeding programs focused on improving pod hardness in peanuts. Peanut shell Genetic mapping Shell strength QTL Virginia-type peanut Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files TableS1.xlsx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 05 Nov, 2024 Read the published version in BMC Plant Biology → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 19 Sep, 2024 Reviews received at journal 18 Sep, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 16 Sep, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 15 Sep, 2024 Reviews received at journal 13 Sep, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 11 Sep, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 10 Sep, 2024 Reviews received at journal 01 Sep, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 28 Aug, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 27 Aug, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 22 Aug, 2024 Editor invited by journal 14 Aug, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 14 Aug, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 14 Aug, 2024 First submitted to journal 08 Aug, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4881662","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":350241198,"identity":"b112a140-aa51-4465-b063-32a9f5cbe520","order_by":0,"name":"Gilad Ben Israel","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Agricultural Research Organization","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gilad","middleName":"Ben","lastName":"Israel","suffix":""},{"id":350241199,"identity":"5bf3f187-2293-40df-987f-7972245378cc","order_by":1,"name":"Srinivas Kunta","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Agricultural Research 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Despite its significance, the genetic basis of shell strength in peanuts remains largely unknown, and the current methods for rating this trait are qualitative and subjective. This study aimed to investigate the genetics of shell strength using a segregating recombinant-inbred-line (RIL) population derived from the hard-shelled cultivar ‘Hanoch’ and the soft-shelled cultivar ‘Harari’.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults: \u003c/strong\u003eInitially, a quantitative method was developed using a texture analyzer, focusing on the proximal part of isolated shells with a P/5 punching probe. This method revealed significant differences between Hanoch and Harari. Shell strength was then measured in 235 RILs across two distinct environments, revealing a normal distribution with some RILs exhibiting shell strength values beyond those of the parental lines, indicating transgressive segregation. 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