Nonclassical phonon pair | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Nonclassical phonon pair Chun-Hua Dong, Yu Wang, Zhen Shen, Mai Zhang, Zhi-Peng Shi, Hong-Yi Kuang, and 3 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6227612/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Quantum-correlated photon pairs are crucial resources for modern quantum information science. Similarly, the reliable generation of nonclassical phonon pairs is vital for advancing engineerable solid-state quantum devices and hybrid quantum networks based on phonons. Here, we present a novel approach to generate quantum-correlated phonon pairs in a suspended silicon microstructure initialized in its motional ground state. By simultaneously implementing red- and blue-detuned laser pulses, equivalent high-order optomechanical nonlinearity–specifically, an effective optomechanical four-wave mixing process–is achieved for generating a nonclassical phonon pair, which is then read out via a subsequent red-detuned pulse. We demonstrate the nonclassical nature of the generated phonon pair through the violation of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality. Our experimentally observed phonon pair violates the classical bound by more than 5 standard deviations and maintains a decoherence time of 132ns. This work reveals novel quantum manipulation of phonon states enabled by equivalent high-order optomechanical nonlinearity within a pulse scheme and provides a valuable quantum resource for mechanical quantum computing. Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Optical physics/Micro-optics Physical sciences/Physics/Optical physics/Quantum optics Physical sciences/Physics/Electronics, photonics and device physics/Optomechanics Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files SupplementaryInformation.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6227612","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":440175581,"identity":"fdfb23e1-633e-48cf-8fe0-1c7d08cdea5c","order_by":0,"name":"Chun-Hua Dong","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAxUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACCQYGZiAlB+UyE6/FGKqaBC2JDURr4Z/dY/a4sM0ufcP58wc/MFRYJzawnz2A35I7Z8yNZ7Yl5264kcwswXAmPbGBJy8BrxYDiRwzad42ZqAWZjYGxrbDiQ0SPAbEaKlPNzh/GKjlH/FaDicYHEgGamkgQovEjbQyaZ5zxw1n3kg2lkg4lm7cxpODXwv/jORt0jxl1fJ85w8+/PChxlq2n/0Mfi2oIAGI2UhQPwpGwSgYBaMABwAAmwQ8fB6SCswAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9408-6102","institution":"University of Science and Technology of China","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Chun-Hua","middleName":"","lastName":"Dong","suffix":""},{"id":440175582,"identity":"554eab8f-afae-44b7-b3ab-af249c4bfd4e","order_by":1,"name":"Yu Wang","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3293-0478","institution":"University of Science and Technology of China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Yu","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":440175583,"identity":"73509d17-fe58-4b1c-9aa2-8c1b90f08860","order_by":2,"name":"Zhen Shen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Science and Technology of China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhen","middleName":"","lastName":"Shen","suffix":""},{"id":440175584,"identity":"9c5639de-79cf-439e-9ded-00d6ebf85d12","order_by":3,"name":"Mai Zhang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Science and Technology of China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mai","middleName":"","lastName":"Zhang","suffix":""},{"id":440175585,"identity":"7f183071-d470-48d4-8818-c92a00c6959e","order_by":4,"name":"Zhi-Peng Shi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Science and Technology of China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zhi-Peng","middleName":"","lastName":"Shi","suffix":""},{"id":440175586,"identity":"5f695d23-5431-4ec2-8eb2-c214a70418ba","order_by":5,"name":"Hong-Yi Kuang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Science and Technology of China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hong-Yi","middleName":"","lastName":"Kuang","suffix":""},{"id":440175587,"identity":"eedc49a6-de8e-4bc7-9bf6-7db175938ba2","order_by":6,"name":"Shuai Wan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Science and Technology of China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Shuai","middleName":"","lastName":"Wan","suffix":""},{"id":440175588,"identity":"40eded52-ac84-48a5-9990-513219874e8a","order_by":7,"name":"Fang-Wen Sun","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9625-7390","institution":"University of Science and Technology of China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Fang-Wen","middleName":"","lastName":"Sun","suffix":""},{"id":440175589,"identity":"4640f998-ae11-4c6e-8080-0a07c7451323","order_by":8,"name":"Guangcan Guo","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Science and Technology of China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Guangcan","middleName":"","lastName":"Guo","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-03-14 15:12:19","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6227612/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6227612/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":80184135,"identity":"955828ca-ac3d-473b-a41d-5b5ae3de52fb","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-04-09 01:47:46","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":1051726,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"SupplementaryInformation.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6227612/v1/77b94d6e01169d13b070769e.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"Nonclassical phonon pair","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"
[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6227612/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6227612/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Quantum-correlated photon pairs are crucial resources for modern quantum information science. Similarly, the reliable generation of nonclassical phonon pairs is vital for advancing engineerable solid-state quantum devices and hybrid quantum networks based on phonons. Here, we present a novel approach to generate quantum-correlated phonon pairs in a suspended silicon microstructure initialized in its motional ground state. By simultaneously implementing red- and blue-detuned laser pulses, equivalent high-order optomechanical nonlinearity–specifically, an effective optomechanical four-wave mixing process–is achieved for generating a nonclassical phonon pair, which is then read out via a subsequent red-detuned pulse. We demonstrate the nonclassical nature of the generated phonon pair through the violation of the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality. Our experimentally observed phonon pair violates the classical bound by more than 5 standard deviations and maintains a decoherence time of 132ns. This work reveals novel quantum manipulation of phonon states enabled by equivalent high-order optomechanical nonlinearity within a pulse scheme and provides a valuable quantum resource for mechanical quantum computing.","manuscriptTitle":"Nonclassical phonon pair","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-04-09 01:47:41","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6227612/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"
[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"3be05a84-deeb-4fbd-a0a0-6797367f90bb","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 9th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":46861760,"name":"Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Optical physics/Micro-optics"},{"id":46861761,"name":"Physical sciences/Physics/Optical physics/Quantum optics"},{"id":46861762,"name":"Physical sciences/Physics/Electronics, photonics and device physics/Optomechanics"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-08-28T00:00:27+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-04-09 01:47:41","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6227612","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6227612","identity":"rs-6227612","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}
Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below.
Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure
cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can
have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy
(via DOI)
is the canonical version.