First Meconium Passage as a Predictor of Early Breastfeeding Success in Term Newborns

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To examine the association between breastfeeding success and time of first meconium passage in full-term newborns. Methods This correlational study was conducted in a maternity unit and included 59 healthy, exclusively breastfed term newborns. Breastfeeding success was evaluated using the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool during the first (0–1 h), second (1–24 h), and third (24–48 h) feeding. Assessments were performed independently by a lactation consultant and the primary nurse. The time of first meconium passage was recorded, and the relationship with breastfeeding success was analyzed. Results Newborns who passed meconium in less than 7.17 hours showed a statistically significant increase in breastfeeding success between the first and second assessments (mean increase: 0.93 ± 1.33; p = 0.017). In those with passage times ≥ 7.17 hours, the increase was not significant (0.8 ± 1.42; p = 0.051). Conclusion Earlier meconium passage was associated with a faster improvement in breastfeeding success, suggesting a link between gastrointestinal maturity and early feeding readiness in term newborns. These findings highlight the potential value of monitoring meconium timing as a simple, non-invasive marker to identify infants who may benefit from closer observation and timely breastfeeding support in the early postnatal period. breastfeeding breast milk infant meconium passage newborn Figures Figure 1 Introduction Meconium, the first stool of the newborn, is a dark green, odorless substance composed of water (72–80%), intestinal secretions, epithelial cells, bile, and mucus. Its production begins at 10–12 weeks of gestation, and its passage is expected within the first 24–48 hours after birth [ 1 – 4 ]. Because meconium contains high levels of bilirubin, delayed passage may increase enterohepatic circulation and thereby the risk of neonatal jaundice [ 5 , 10 ]. Timely passage is also considered an indicator of gastrointestinal maturation and distal colon function, while delayed passage may reflect underlying conditions such as Hirschsprung disease, anorectal malformations, distal intestinal atresia, prematurity, or hypothyroidism [ 6 ]. Although most term infants pass meconium within the first day of life, the timing of initial passage may vary and has potential clinical implications. A recent prospective study reported a median time of 6 hours for first meconium passage in full-term infants, with 98% passing within the first 24 hours [ 6 ]. These findings suggest that delayed passage beyond the first day is uncommon and should prompt closer clinical evaluation. Case reports in term newborns have further demonstrated that failure to pass meconium within 24 hours, accompanied by symptoms such as bilious vomiting, may serve as an early sign of intestinal motility disorders [ 7 ]. In addition to signaling gastrointestinal maturity, early meconium passage may also contribute to the reduction of hyperbilirubinemia risk and improved neonatal adaptation. The process is influenced by multiple factors including gestational age, birth weight, delivery mode, respiratory distress, and feeding patterns [ 1 , 3 ]. Breastfeeding is particularly important in this context. Effective breastfeeding stimulates gut motility via the gastrocolic reflex and promotes the establishment of healthy intestinal microbiota [ 8 , 9 ]. Evidence also links breastfeeding with enhanced neonatal adaptation and reduced incidence of jaundice [ 10 , 11 ]. Despite these associations, the relationship between breastfeeding success and the timing of first meconium passage in full-term newborns has been insufficiently explored [ 1 , 6 ]. Considering that meconium passage is a simple, observable event in routine neonatal care, clarifying this relationship may provide a clinically useful and easily applicable indicator for identifying infants at risk of delayed gastrointestinal adaptation or hyperbilirubinemia [ 6 , 10 , 11 ]. Meconium passage is a simple and easily observable event in routine neonatal care [ 6 ]. Therefore, clarifying the relationship between breastfeeding success and the timing of first meconium passage is important for the early identification of infants at risk of delayed gastrointestinal adaptation or hyperbilirubinemia [ 10 ]. It also highlights the need for closer observation and targeted breastfeeding counseling for their families. Addressing this association may help fill an important gap in neonatal clinical care. Based on this rationale, the present study aimed to investigate the association between breastfeeding success and the timing of first meconium passage among full-term newborns. We hypothesized that: (a) breastfeeding success is associated with the first meconium passage time, and (b) full-term newborns with higher breastfeeding success would pass meconium earlier. Methods Study Design This correlational study examined the association between breastfeeding success and the first meconium passage time. The study was registered as a clinical investigation (registration number: [NCT06950658]). Setting and Participants The study was conducted in the Neonatal Care Unit of Acıbadem Altunizade Hospital, which holds the “Baby–Friendly Hospital” designation under the Turkish Ministry of Health’s “Promotion of Breastfeeding and Baby–Friendly Health Facilities” program. Under this initiative, newborns remain with their mothers postbirth and are monitored by their primary nurses and physicians. Only essential interventions, screening tests, and physical examinations are conducted in the neonatal care unit. Throughout this process, mothers receive breastfeeding education, support, and counseling from nurses certified as “Breastfeeding Consultants,” who have received training in the “Protection and Promotion of Breastfeeding” initiative supported by the Ministry of Health and the institution. The study population included all full-term newborns monitored in the postnatal period, whereas the sample comprised newborns who met the inclusion criteria and were followed in the neonatal care unit. The G*Power software (version 3.1.9.2) was used for power analysis to determine the required sample size. Based on the outcome “Commencement of Breastfeeding Within 24 Hours vs. Beyond 24 Hours” reported by Ezomike et al. in their study titled Evaluation of Impact of Perinatal Factors on Time to First Meconium Passage in Nigerian Neonates, and assuming a 95% power with a significance level of α of 0.01 and a 5% margin of error, the minimum required sample size was calculated as 60. The study enrolled 60 full-term newborns. However, one case was excluded from the analysis due to being identified as an outlier in terms of meconium passage time and not conforming to the normal distribution. Therefore, the final analysis included 59 full-term newborns. The inclusion criteria consisted of healthy full-term newborns (≥ 37 weeks gestation) who were exclusively breastfed. The sample excluded newborns who received any feeding other than direct breastfeeding (e.g., bottle, cup, etc.). Data Collection Data on newborns and their mothers were collected utilizing a researcher-developed data collection form based on a literature review [ 1 , 9 , 10 ] and the LATCH breastfeeding assessment tool. The data collection form consisted of information specific to both the newborns and the mothers. Newborn-related variables included the following: date and time of birth, sex, gestational age, birth weight, delivery mode, Apgar score, discharge time, and first meconium passage date and time. Maternal variables included maternal age, parity (order of pregnancy), presence of multiple pregnancies, previous breastfeeding experience, and any breastfeeding aid utilization. Deborah Jensen and Sheila Wallace [ 13 ] developed the LATCH breastfeeding assessment tool in 1993. Yenal and Okumuş [ 12 ] conducted the Turkish adaptation and validation of the tool. Modeled after the Apgar scoring system, this tool was designed to objectively assess breastfeeding success, determine potential issues, and establish a standardized language among healthcare professionals. The scale consists of five criteria, scored from 0 to 2, with a total score of 0–10. Higher LATCH scores indicate greater breastfeeding success. Measures Data related to newborns and their mothers were obtained through a review of medical records and face-to-face interviews with the parents. The LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool was used to assess breastfeeding success in all newborns at three different time points: during the first breastfeeding session (0–1 h), day 1 (1–24 h), and day 2 (24–48 h). Both the breastfeeding consultant and the newborn’s primary nurse independently and simultaneously conducted these assessments through direct observation. Further, the first meconium passage time was observed and recorded on the data collection form. Statistical Analysis Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, IBM, Armonk, NY) was used for statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, with quantitative variables presented as mean, standard deviation, median, minimum, and maximum values, whereas categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages. The Shapiro–Wilk test and Box Plot graphics were used to assess distribution normality. The Student’s t-test was applied for comparisons between the two normally distributed quantitative groups. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test, Fisher’s Exact test, or the Fisher–Freeman–Halton test, as appropriate. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the effect of the independent variables on meconium passage time. Human Ethics Declaration The study was registered as a clinical investigation (registration number: NCT06950658) and received ethical approval from the Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University Medical Research Evaluation Board (ATADEK) (decision number: 2023-16/554, dated October 19, 2023). Consent to Participate Written informed consent was obtained from the parents of all participating newborns prior to their inclusion in the study. Results The study, conducted from November 2023 to December 2024, included 59 healthy full-term newborns, of whom 57.6% (n = 34) were male and 42.4% (n = 25) were female. The mean gestational age of the newborns was 38.95 ± 0.6 weeks. The mean birth and discharge weights were 3403.31 ± 378.40 grams and 3223.66 ± 323.26 grams, respectively. The mean Apgar scores were 8.90 ± 0.74 at 1 min and 9.76 ± 0.47 at 5 min. The mothers of the newborns demonstrated a mean age of 32.73 ± 4.88 years. Among the participants, 50.8% (n = 30) were primigravida, and 84.7% (n = 50) had delivered through cesarean section. Further, 40.7% (n = 24) of the mothers reported previous breastfeeding experience, and among them, 18.6% (n = 11) had utilized silicone nipple shields during that experience (Table 1). The breastfeeding consultant (observer 1) and the newborn’s primary nurse (observer 2) used the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool to assess the breastfeeding success of the newborns. Interobserver reliability was examined according to the total LATCH scores from the first assessment. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between observers 1 and 2 was excellent at 0.959, indicating a high agreement level (ICC = 0.959 [0.932–0.975]; p = 0.001; p < 0.01). Considering the excellent agreement between the observers, subsequent analyses were conducted using the scores provided by observer 1. A statistically significant difference was observed between the LATCH scores recorded at the first, second, and third measurements ( p = 0.001; p < 0.01) (Table 2). The mean meconium passage time among all newborns during the follow-up period was 7.63 ± 4.06 h, with a median (min–max) value of 7.17 (2–17.9) h. To classify the newborns, the median meconium passage time of 7.17 h was used as a cut-off point, forming two groups: those who passed meconium in less than 7.17 h and those who did so at or after this threshold (Figure 1). In the absence of a universally accepted clinical cut-off, this median-based stratification represents a data-driven and objective method commonly used in observational research. Furthermore, to assess the validity of this threshold, a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated as 0.71, indicating a moderate discriminative ability of meconium passage time in predicting breastfeeding success. In this analysis, meconium passage time demonstrated a significant ability to distinguish between successful and unsuccessful breastfeeding outcomes, defined by LATCH scores ≥ 8. These findings support the statistical justification of using this threshold to categorize the study population based on early versus delayed meconium passage. The assessment conducted according to the meconium passage time of newborns revealed no statistically significant differences in terms of sex, delivery mode, or 1- and 5-min Apgar scores ( p > 0.05). However, statistically significant differences were observed in terms of gestational age, birth weight, and discharge weight based on the meconium passage time ( p = 0.038; p = 0.005; p = 0.02, respectively; p 0.05). Further, no significant differences were detected in terms of maternal age, number of pregnancies, previous breastfeeding experience, or breastfeeding aid utilization during this process based on meconium passage time ( p > 0.05) (Table 3). Comparison of the mean LATCH scores based on meconium passage time (<7.17 h vs. ≥7.17 h) revealed that the mean scores increased over time in both groups, and these within-group increases were statistically significant ( p < 0.001). The assessment of changes between measurements indicated a statistically significant increase between the first and second measurements in the <7.17-h group ( p = 0.017) but was not statistically significant in the ≥7.17-h group ( p = 0.051). Changes between the first and third measurements were statistically significant in both groups ( p = 0.002; p = 0.001, respectively). However, changes between the second and third measurements were not statistically significant in either group ( p = 1.000; p = 0.660). Comparison of measurement differences between the groups revealed no statistically significant difference ( p > 0.05) (Table 4). Discussion Breastfeeding is a critical physiological and psychosocial process with significant implications for both maternal and neonatal health [14-17] . Initiating breastfeeding within the first hour after birth contributes to thermal regulation and cardiovascular stability in newborns and helps prevent hypoglycemia, jaundice, infections, and early breastfeeding failure [18-21] . Early breastfeeding also promotes uterine involution, reduces the risk of postpartum hemorrhage, enhances maternal psychological well-being, and supports the development of the maternal-infant bond [22-24]. Moreover, initiating breastfeeding in the first hour after birth optimizes the neonatal sucking reflex, facilitates early milk production, and increases the likelihood of successful breastfeeding [25] . This practice has been shown to have not only short-term but also long-lasting effects on breastfeeding behaviors. This broad evidence underscores the importance of evaluating early breastfeeding performance using objective tools such as the LATCH scale. A recent cohort study supporting this finding demonstrated that newborns with a LATCH score of 9–10 before discharge had significantly higher rates of exclusive breastfeeding for up to six months compared to those with lower scores [26] . This suggests that a successful early breastfeeding experience can be a key factor in supporting long-term breastfeeding outcomes. In this study, breastfeeding success in newborns was evaluated at three different time points using the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool. The results showed a significant increase in LATCH scores starting from the first feeding. The mean score increased from 8.39 ± 1.69 at the first assessment to 9.25 ± 0.92 at the second and 9.51 ± 0.70 at the third. The differences between the first and subsequent assessments were statistically significant (Table 2; p < .001). Our findings demonstrate that breastfeeding performance improves rapidly during the immediate postpartum period, highlighting the role of early supportive care in promoting successful feeding. The absence of a significant difference between the second and third assessments ( p = .592) suggests that breastfeeding success is largely established on the first day after birth and maintained into the second day. This finding aligns with the literature. For example, Lingala et al. (2025) highlighted that breastfeeding counseling and continuous postpartum support significantly improve LATCH scores and strengthen the breastfeeding process. Similarly, studies evaluating the impact of individualized lactation counseling on resolving breastfeeding challenges found that such support significantly improves breastfeeding success in a short period [25,26]. These interventions are particularly important for mothers who deliver by cesarean section [29]. Consistent with these reports, the majority of mothers in our study delivered by cesarean section, underscoring the importance of structured postpartum counseling. In this study, the mean maternal age was 32.73 ± 4.88 years, with 50.8% being primigravida and 84.7% delivering via cesarean section. Even experienced mothers (40.7%) required support, indicating that breastfeeding guidance is beneficial for all women regardless of parity.The observed improvements in LATCH scores suggest that early initiation of breastfeeding, combined with professional guidance and support, strengthens maternal breastfeeding skills and ensures effective infant feeding. The increase in LATCH scores within the first 24–48 hours indicates that feeding coordination is established rapidly and can serve as a practical quality indicator for tailoring discharge education and planning home follow-up based on risk period [28]. Indeed, initiating breastfeeding within the first hours and implementing rooming-in practices have been shown to improve milk transfer and short-term neonatal outcomes [18,20]. Our findings support the inclusion of “time of first meconium passage” as a simple, non-invasive additional parameter in these checklists and highlight the need for intensified lactation counseling in mother–infant dyads with delayed meconium passage [20,28]. Early and effective breastfeeding also accelerates meconium excretion through the laxative effect of colostrum, reducing enterohepatic bilirubin circulation and potentially lowering the risk of neonatal jaundice [14,17,19]. In our study, infants passing meconium within <7.17 hours showed faster improvement in breastfeeding success, supporting the integration of breastfeeding support with jaundice monitoring [20]. These biological mechanisms may help explain why early meconium passage and improved breastfeeding success appear closely connected. Meconium passage is an indirect indicator of the maturity of the newborn's gastrointestinal system, and it is considered physiological if it occurs within the first 24 hours after birth [32]. In our study, the earliest meconium passage occurred at the 2nd hour, while the latest was at the 17.9 th hour. In the literature, delayed meconium passage (>24 hours) has been associated with pathological conditions such as congenital intestinal obstruction, hypothyroidism, or meconium ileus [33,35]. However, in our study, the fact that the majority of meconium passages occurred between 6–10 hours, with the maximum duration being 17.9 hours—well below the pathological threshold—indicates that the average timing remained within physiological limits. When comparing maternal and neonatal characteristics based on the timing of meconium passage, gestational age was significantly higher in the early passage group (p = 0.038). Birth weight (p = 0.005) and discharge weight (p = 0.02) were also higher in this group. These findings suggest that higher gestational age and birth weight are associated with earlier meconium passage, consistent with previous literature [1,34]. On the other hand, no significant differences were found between the groups regarding physiological weight loss, APGAR scores, mode of delivery, or maternal characteristics. These findings indicate that the timing of meconium passage is more closely related to the physiological maturity of the newborn rather than maternal factors [33]. In the present study, newborns were stratified into two groups based on the median meconium passage time of 7.17 hours. Infants with earlier passage (<7.17 h) showed significant improvement in LATCH scores between the first and second assessments, while those with later passage (≥7.17 h) did not reach statistical significance. Although the between-group differences were not statistically significant, the trend supports the hypothesis that earlier meconium passage is linked to more rapid breastfeeding progress. Beyond this temporal association, ROC analysis revealed that meconium passage time had a moderate ability to discriminate between successful and unsuccessful breastfeeding (defined as LATCH ≥ 8), with an AUC of 0.71. This reinforces the potential of meconium timing to serve as a predictive marker. Taken together, these findings suggest that early meconium passage—an easily observable, non-invasive physiological event—may reflect not only gastrointestinal maturity but also early readiness for oral feeding. This aligns with prior studies identifying meconium passage within the first 6 to 8 hours of life as indicative of healthy neonatal adaptation [19]. In conclusion, infants with earlier meconium passage demonstrated faster breastfeeding improvement, whereas those with delayed passage may require additional early support. These findings highlight the importance of individualized breastfeeding counseling, particularly for dyads showing slower adaptation. Given its simplicity and non-invasive nature, meconium passage time could be integrated into routine neonatal assessments as a practical clinical parameter to optimize feeding outcomes. Conclusion This study highlights the potential relationship between the timing of first meconium passage and breastfeeding success in term newborns. Infants who passed meconium earlier demonstrated more rapid development of breastfeeding skills during the initial days of life. These findings suggest that meconium passage time—an easily observable, non-invasive, and physiological indicator—may indirectly reflect early feeding readiness. Incorporating meconium passage time into routine neonatal assessments could help identify infants—particularly those with delayed passage—who may require closer breastfeeding support. Such an approach may facilitate the timely implementation of individualized care strategies and contribute to improved neonatal outcomes. Future research should further explore the predictive value of meconium timing across different populations and care settings, and these insights may inform clinical checklists and neonatal care guidelines aimed at optimizing breastfeeding support and discharge planning. Declarations CRediT authorship contribution statement Semra Küçük: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing. Zehra Kan Öntürk: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing. Sibel Eyüboğlu: Investigation, Data curation, Writing – review & editing. Funding This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests References Ezomike UO. Evaluation of impact of perinatal factors on time to first meconium passage in Nigerian neonates. Malawi Med J . 2019;31(2):150–4. doi:10.4314/mmj.v31i2.8 Masood M, Shahid N, Bano Z, et al. Association of Apgar score with meconium staining of amniotic fluid in labor. Cureus . 2021;13(1):e12744. doi:10.7759/cureus.12744 Okoro PE, Enyindah CE. Time of passage of first stool in newborns in a tertiary health facility in Southern Nigeria. Niger J Surg . 2013;19(2):20–2. doi:10.4103/1117-6806.111503 Skelly CL, Zulfiqar H, Sankararaman S. Meconium. In: StatPearls [Internet] . Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2019 [cited 2025 Jul 1]. Available from: https://europepmc.org/article/NBK/nbk542240 Zheng L, Gai L, Gao J, et al. 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Available from: https://shop.elsevier.com/books/fanaroff-and-martins-neonatal-perinatal-medicine-2-volume-set/martin/978-0-323-56711-4 Beeby PJ, Jeffery HE, Gill AW. The early passage of meconium: clinical associations and consequences. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed . 1999;81(2):F133–7. doi:10.1136/fn.81.2.F133 Gomella TL, Cunningham MD, Eyal FG. Neonatology: Management, Procedures, On-Call Problems, Diseases, and Drugs . 8th ed. New York (NY): McGraw Hill; 2020. Available from: https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookid=2737 Zheng L, Gai L, Gao J, et al. Clinical effects of breast milk enema on meconium evacuation in premature infants: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials . 2021;22:738. doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05261-1 Tables Table 1 . Descriptive Characteristics of the Newborns and Mothers (N = 59) Newborn Characteristics n (%) Sex Male 34 (57.6) Female 25 (42.4) Gestational age (weeks) Mean ± SD 38.95 ± 0.61 Median (Min–Max) 39 (38–40.6) Birth weight (g) Mean ± SD 3403.31 ± 378.40 Median (Min–Max) 3440 (2095–4300) Discharge weight (g) Mean ± SD 3223.66 ± 323.26 Median (Min–Max) 3217 (2505–4025) Mode of delivery Vaginal delivery 9 (15.3) Cesarean delivery 50 (84.7) Apgar score, 1 minute Mean ± SD 8.90 ± 0.74 Median (Min–Max) 9 (7–10) Apgar score, 5 minutes Mean ± SD 9.76 ± 0.47 Median (Min–Max) 10 (8–10) Maternal Characteristics Maternal age (years) Mean ± SD 32.73 ± 4.88 Median (Min–Max) 33 (21–44) Gravidity 1 pregnancy 30 (50.8) 2 pregnancy 21 (35.6) ≥3 pregnancy 8 (13.6) Previous breastfeeding experience No 35 (59.3) Yes 24 (40.7) Use of breastfeeding aids in the past No 48 (81.4) Yes (silicone nipple shield) 11 (18.6) Table 2. Comparison of LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Scores by Time of Measurement LATCH Score Mean ± SD Median (Min–Max) 1st measurement 8.39 ± 1.69 9 (4–10) 2nd measurement 9.25 ± 0.92 10 (7–10) 3rd measurement 9.51 ± 0.7 10 (7–10) p a 0.001** Change ∆ Mean ± SD p 1st – 2nd measurement 0.86 ± 1.37 aa 0.001** 1st – 3rd measurement 1.12 ± 1.37 aa 0.001** 2nd – 3rd measurement 0.25 ± 0.66 aa 0.592 a Friedman Test aa Wilcoxon Corrected Signed Rank Test **p<0,01 Table 3. Comparison of Descriptive Characteristics based on Meconium Passage Time c Pearson Chi-Square Test d Fisher Exact Test e Student-t Test *p<0,05 **p<0,01 Table 4. Comparison of LATCH Scores based on Meconium Passage Time and Measurement Time LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Meconium < 7.17 h Meconium ≥ 7.17 h b p Mean ± SD Median (Min–Max) Mean ± SD Median (Min-Max) 1st measurement 8.34 ± 1.72 9 (5–10) 8.43 ± 1.7 9 (4–10) 0.882 2nd measurement 9.28 ± 1.03 10 (7–10) 9.23 ± 0.82 9 (8–10) 0.556 3rd measurement 9.48 ± 0.63 10 (8–10) 9.53 ± 0.78 10 (7–10) 0.488 p a 0,001** a 0,001** Change ∆ Mean ± SD aa p Mean ± SD aa p 1st – 2nd measurement 0.93 ± 1.33 0.017* 0.8 ± 1.42 0.051 0.528 1st – 3rd measurement 1.14 ± 1.36 0.002** 1.1 ± 1.4 0.001** 0.981 2nd – 3rd measurement 0.21 ± 0.62 1.000 0.3 ± 0.7 0.660 0.469 a Friedman Test and aa Wilcoxon Corrected Signed Rank Test b Mann–Whitney U-Test ** p < 0.01 Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files Highlights.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 13 Jan, 2026 Read the published version in International Breastfeeding Journal → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 18 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 18 Nov, 2025 Reviews received at journal 30 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 09 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 07 Oct, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 30 Sep, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 29 Sep, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 29 Sep, 2025 First submitted to journal 26 Sep, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":112326,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eLegend not included with this version\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure1jpg.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7723291/v1/ec02e4d20a81af70e1db1a21.jpg"},{"id":100615014,"identity":"5ed34a4b-7e1a-4a33-b305-d7b42debeadc","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-01-19 17:29:17","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1136282,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7723291/v1/6bca5b0f-32a2-4352-9588-bdbf2f31dc5b.pdf"},{"id":93544027,"identity":"1b8869b6-a262-4c4b-b513-994f9dbf5abc","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-10-15 02:50:04","extension":"docx","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":15907,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Highlights.docx","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7723291/v1/0b9a8bc89de841e4d7d5f41b.docx"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"First Meconium Passage as a Predictor of Early Breastfeeding Success in Term Newborns","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eMeconium, the first stool of the newborn, is a dark green, odorless substance composed of water (72\u0026ndash;80%), intestinal secretions, epithelial cells, bile, and mucus. Its production begins at 10\u0026ndash;12 weeks of gestation, and its passage is expected within the first 24\u0026ndash;48 hours after birth [\u003cspan additionalcitationids=\"CR2 CR3\" citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u0026ndash;\u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e4\u003c/span\u003e]. Because meconium contains high levels of bilirubin, delayed passage may increase enterohepatic circulation and thereby the risk of neonatal jaundice [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR5\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e5\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e]. Timely passage is also considered an indicator of gastrointestinal maturation and distal colon function, while delayed passage may reflect underlying conditions such as Hirschsprung disease, anorectal malformations, distal intestinal atresia, prematurity, or hypothyroidism [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAlthough most term infants pass meconium within the first day of life, the timing of initial passage may vary and has potential clinical implications. A recent prospective study reported a median time of 6 hours for first meconium passage in full-term infants, with 98% passing within the first 24 hours [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. These findings suggest that delayed passage beyond the first day is uncommon and should prompt closer clinical evaluation. Case reports in term newborns have further demonstrated that failure to pass meconium within 24 hours, accompanied by symptoms such as bilious vomiting, may serve as an early sign of intestinal motility disorders [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR7\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e7\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eIn addition to signaling gastrointestinal maturity, early meconium passage may also contribute to the reduction of hyperbilirubinemia risk and improved neonatal adaptation. The process is influenced by multiple factors including gestational age, birth weight, delivery mode, respiratory distress, and feeding patterns [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e]. Breastfeeding is particularly important in this context. Effective breastfeeding stimulates gut motility via the gastrocolic reflex and promotes the establishment of healthy intestinal microbiota [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e8\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e]. Evidence also links breastfeeding with enhanced neonatal adaptation and reduced incidence of jaundice [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDespite these associations, the relationship between breastfeeding success and the timing of first meconium passage in full-term newborns has been insufficiently explored [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. Considering that meconium passage is a simple, observable event in routine neonatal care, clarifying this relationship may provide a clinically useful and easily applicable indicator for identifying infants at risk of delayed gastrointestinal adaptation or hyperbilirubinemia [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e11\u003c/span\u003e].\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eMeconium passage is a simple and easily observable event in routine neonatal care [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e6\u003c/span\u003e]. Therefore, clarifying the relationship between breastfeeding success and the timing of first meconium passage is important for the early identification of infants at risk of delayed gastrointestinal adaptation or hyperbilirubinemia [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e]. It also highlights the need for closer observation and targeted breastfeeding counseling for their families. Addressing this association may help fill an important gap in neonatal clinical care.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eBased on this rationale, the present study aimed to investigate the association between breastfeeding success and the timing of first meconium passage among full-term newborns. We hypothesized that: (a) breastfeeding success is associated with the first meconium passage time, and (b) full-term newborns with higher breastfeeding success would pass meconium earlier.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\u003ch2\u003eStudy Design\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis correlational study examined the association between breastfeeding success and the first meconium passage time. The study was registered as a clinical investigation (registration number: [NCT06950658]).\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSetting and Participants\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e The study was conducted in the Neonatal Care Unit of Acıbadem Altunizade Hospital, which holds the \u0026ldquo;Baby\u0026ndash;Friendly Hospital\u0026rdquo; designation under the Turkish Ministry of Health\u0026rsquo;s \u0026ldquo;Promotion of Breastfeeding and Baby\u0026ndash;Friendly Health Facilities\u0026rdquo; program. Under this initiative, newborns remain with their mothers postbirth and are monitored by their primary nurses and physicians. Only essential interventions, screening tests, and physical examinations are conducted in the neonatal care unit. Throughout this process, mothers receive breastfeeding education, support, and counseling from nurses certified as \u0026ldquo;Breastfeeding Consultants,\u0026rdquo; who have received training in the \u0026ldquo;Protection and Promotion of Breastfeeding\u0026rdquo; initiative supported by the Ministry of Health and the institution.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e The study population included all full-term newborns monitored in the postnatal period, whereas the sample comprised newborns who met the inclusion criteria and were followed in the neonatal care unit. The G*Power software (version 3.1.9.2) was used for power analysis to determine the required sample size. Based on the outcome \u0026ldquo;Commencement of Breastfeeding Within 24 Hours vs. Beyond 24 Hours\u0026rdquo; reported by Ezomike et al. in their study titled Evaluation of Impact of Perinatal Factors on Time to First Meconium Passage in Nigerian Neonates, and assuming a 95% power with a significance level of α of 0.01 and a 5% margin of error, the minimum required sample size was calculated as 60. The study enrolled 60 full-term newborns. However, one case was excluded from the analysis due to being identified as an outlier in terms of meconium passage time and not conforming to the normal distribution. Therefore, the final analysis included 59 full-term newborns. The inclusion criteria consisted of healthy full-term newborns (\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;37 weeks gestation) who were exclusively breastfed. The sample excluded newborns who received any feeding other than direct breastfeeding (e.g., bottle, cup, etc.).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eData Collection\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData on newborns and their mothers were collected utilizing a researcher-developed data collection form based on a literature review [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e9\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e10\u003c/span\u003e] and the LATCH breastfeeding assessment tool. The data collection form consisted of information specific to both the newborns and the mothers.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eNewborn-related variables included the following: date and time of birth, sex, gestational age, birth weight, delivery mode, Apgar score, discharge time, and first meconium passage date and time. Maternal variables included maternal age, parity (order of pregnancy), presence of multiple pregnancies, previous breastfeeding experience, and any breastfeeding aid utilization.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eDeborah Jensen and Sheila Wallace [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e13\u003c/span\u003e] developed the LATCH breastfeeding assessment tool in 1993. Yenal and Okumuş [\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e12\u003c/span\u003e] conducted the Turkish adaptation and validation of the tool. Modeled after the Apgar scoring system, this tool was designed to objectively assess breastfeeding success, determine potential issues, and establish a standardized language among healthcare professionals. The scale consists of five criteria, scored from 0 to 2, with a total score of 0\u0026ndash;10. Higher LATCH scores indicate greater breastfeeding success.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eMeasures\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData related to newborns and their mothers were obtained through a review of medical records and face-to-face interviews with the parents. The LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool was used to assess breastfeeding success in all newborns at three different time points: during the first breastfeeding session (0\u0026ndash;1 h), day 1 (1\u0026ndash;24 h), and day 2 (24\u0026ndash;48 h). Both the breastfeeding consultant and the newborn\u0026rsquo;s primary nurse independently and simultaneously conducted these assessments through direct observation. Further, the first meconium passage time was observed and recorded on the data collection form.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"Sec7\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\u003ch2\u003eStatistical Analysis\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eStatistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, IBM, Armonk, NY) was used for statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, with quantitative variables presented as mean, standard deviation, median, minimum, and maximum values, whereas categorical variables were expressed as frequencies and percentages. The Shapiro\u0026ndash;Wilk test and Box Plot graphics were used to assess distribution normality.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe Student\u0026rsquo;s t-test was applied for comparisons between the two normally distributed quantitative groups. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square test, Fisher\u0026rsquo;s Exact test, or the Fisher\u0026ndash;Freeman\u0026ndash;Halton test, as appropriate. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the effect of the independent variables on meconium passage time.\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e\u003ch2\u003eHuman Ethics Declaration\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003e The study was registered as a clinical investigation (registration number: NCT06950658) and received ethical approval from the Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University Medical Research Evaluation Board (ATADEK) (decision number: 2023-16/554, dated October 19, 2023).\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConsent to Participate\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;Written informed consent was obtained from the parents of all participating newborns prior to their inclusion in the study.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe study, conducted from November 2023 to December 2024, included 59 healthy full-term newborns, of whom 57.6% (n = 34) were male and 42.4% (n = 25) were female. The mean gestational age of the newborns was 38.95 \u0026plusmn; 0.6 weeks. The mean birth and discharge weights were 3403.31 \u0026plusmn; 378.40 grams and 3223.66 \u0026plusmn; 323.26 grams, respectively. The mean Apgar scores were 8.90 \u0026plusmn; 0.74 at 1 min and 9.76 \u0026plusmn; 0.47 at 5 min. The mothers of the newborns demonstrated a mean age of 32.73 \u0026plusmn; 4.88 years. Among the participants, 50.8% (n = 30) were primigravida, and 84.7% (n = 50) had delivered through cesarean section. Further, 40.7% (n = 24) of the mothers reported previous breastfeeding experience, and among them, 18.6% (n = 11) had utilized silicone nipple shields during that experience (Table 1).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe breastfeeding consultant (observer 1) and the newborn\u0026rsquo;s primary nurse (observer 2) used the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool to assess the breastfeeding success of the newborns. Interobserver reliability was examined according to the total LATCH scores from the first assessment. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) between observers 1 and 2 was excellent at 0.959, indicating a high agreement level (ICC = 0.959 [0.932\u0026ndash;0.975]; \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.001; \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; 0.01). Considering the excellent agreement between the observers, subsequent analyses were conducted using the scores provided by observer 1. A statistically significant difference was observed between the LATCH scores recorded at the first, second, and third measurements (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.001; \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; 0.01) (Table 2).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe mean meconium passage time among all newborns during the follow-up period was 7.63 \u0026plusmn; 4.06 h, with a median (min\u0026ndash;max) value of 7.17 (2\u0026ndash;17.9) h. To classify the newborns, the median meconium passage time of 7.17 h was used as a cut-off point, forming two groups: those who passed meconium in less than 7.17 h and those who did so at or after this threshold (Figure 1). In the absence of a universally accepted clinical cut-off, this median-based stratification represents a data-driven and objective method commonly used in observational research. Furthermore, to assess the validity of this threshold, a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was conducted. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated as 0.71, indicating a moderate discriminative ability of meconium passage time in predicting breastfeeding success. In this analysis, meconium passage time demonstrated a significant ability to distinguish between successful and unsuccessful breastfeeding outcomes, defined by LATCH scores \u0026ge; 8. These findings support the statistical justification of using this threshold to categorize the study population based on early versus delayed meconium passage.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe assessment conducted according to the meconium passage time of newborns revealed no statistically significant differences in terms of sex, delivery mode, or 1- and 5-min Apgar scores (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026gt; 0.05). However, statistically significant differences were observed in terms of gestational age, birth weight, and discharge weight based on the meconium passage time (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.038; \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.005; \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.02, respectively; \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; 0.05). The comparison of the groups in terms of physiological weight loss demonstrated no statistically significant difference based on meconium passage time (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.551; \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026gt; 0.05). Further, no significant differences were detected in terms of maternal age, number of pregnancies, previous breastfeeding experience, or breastfeeding aid utilization during this process based on meconium passage time (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026gt; 0.05) (Table 3).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eComparison of the mean LATCH scores based on meconium passage time (\u0026lt;7.17 h vs. \u0026ge;7.17 h) revealed that the mean scores increased over time in both groups, and these within-group increases were statistically significant (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; 0.001). The assessment of changes between measurements indicated a statistically significant increase between the first and second measurements in the \u0026lt;7.17-h group (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.017) but was not statistically significant in the \u0026ge;7.17-h group (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.051). Changes between the first and third measurements were statistically significant in both groups (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.002; \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.001, respectively). However, changes between the second and third measurements were not statistically significant in either group (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 1.000; \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.660). Comparison of measurement differences between the groups revealed no statistically significant difference (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026gt; 0.05) (Table 4).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eBreastfeeding is a critical physiological and psychosocial process with significant implications for both maternal and neonatal health [14-17]\u003csup\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eInitiating breastfeeding within the first hour after birth contributes to thermal regulation and cardiovascular stability in newborns and helps prevent hypoglycemia, jaundice, infections, and early breastfeeding failure [18-21]\u003csup\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eEarly breastfeeding also promotes uterine involution, reduces the risk of postpartum hemorrhage, enhances maternal psychological well-being, and supports the development of the maternal-infant bond [22-24]. Moreover, initiating breastfeeding in the first hour after birth optimizes the neonatal sucking reflex, facilitates early milk production, and increases the likelihood of successful breastfeeding [25]\u003csup\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eThis practice has been shown to have not only short-term but also long-lasting effects on breastfeeding behaviors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis broad evidence underscores the importance of evaluating early breastfeeding performance using objective tools such as the LATCH scale. A recent cohort study supporting this finding demonstrated that newborns with a LATCH score of 9\u0026ndash;10 before discharge had significantly higher rates of exclusive breastfeeding for up to six months compared to those with lower scores [26]\u003csup\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003eThis suggests that a successful early breastfeeding experience can be a key factor in supporting long-term breastfeeding outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this study, breastfeeding success in newborns was evaluated at three different time points using the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool. The results showed a significant increase in LATCH scores starting from the first feeding. The mean score increased from 8.39 \u0026plusmn; 1.69 at the first assessment to 9.25 \u0026plusmn; 0.92 at the second and 9.51 \u0026plusmn; 0.70 at the third. The differences between the first and subsequent assessments were statistically significant (Table 2; \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; .001). Our findings demonstrate that breastfeeding performance improves rapidly during the immediate postpartum period, highlighting the role of early supportive care in promoting successful feeding.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe absence of a significant difference between the second and third assessments (\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = .592) suggests that breastfeeding success is largely established on the first day after birth and maintained into the second day. This finding aligns with the literature. For example, Lingala et al. (2025) highlighted that breastfeeding counseling and continuous postpartum support significantly improve LATCH scores and strengthen the breastfeeding process. Similarly, studies evaluating the impact of individualized lactation counseling on resolving breastfeeding challenges found that such support significantly improves breastfeeding success in a short period [25,26]. These interventions are particularly important for mothers who deliver by cesarean section [29].\u0026nbsp;Consistent with these reports, the majority of mothers in our study delivered by cesarean section, underscoring the importance of structured postpartum counseling.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this study, the mean maternal age was 32.73 \u0026plusmn; 4.88 years, with 50.8% being primigravida and 84.7% delivering via cesarean section. Even experienced mothers (40.7%) required support, indicating that breastfeeding guidance is beneficial for all women regardless of parity.The observed improvements in LATCH scores suggest that early initiation of breastfeeding, combined with professional guidance and support, strengthens maternal breastfeeding skills and ensures effective infant feeding. The increase in LATCH scores within the first 24\u0026ndash;48 hours indicates that feeding coordination is established rapidly and can serve as a practical quality indicator for tailoring discharge education and planning home follow-up based on risk period [28]. Indeed, initiating breastfeeding within the first hours and implementing rooming-in practices have been shown to improve milk transfer and short-term neonatal outcomes [18,20]. Our findings support the inclusion of \u0026ldquo;time of first meconium passage\u0026rdquo; as a simple, non-invasive additional parameter in these checklists and highlight the need for intensified lactation counseling in mother\u0026ndash;infant dyads with delayed meconium passage [20,28].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEarly and effective breastfeeding also accelerates meconium excretion through the laxative effect of colostrum, reducing enterohepatic bilirubin circulation and potentially lowering the risk of neonatal jaundice [14,17,19]. In our study, infants passing meconium within \u0026lt;7.17 hours showed faster improvement in breastfeeding success, supporting the integration of breastfeeding support with jaundice monitoring [20]. These biological mechanisms may help explain why early meconium passage and improved breastfeeding success appear closely connected.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMeconium passage is an indirect indicator of the maturity of the newborn\u0026apos;s gastrointestinal system, and it is considered physiological if it occurs within the first 24 hours after birth [32]. In our study, the earliest meconium passage occurred at the 2nd hour, while the latest was at the 17.9 th hour. In the literature, delayed meconium passage (\u0026gt;24 hours) has been associated with pathological conditions such as congenital intestinal obstruction, hypothyroidism, or meconium ileus [33,35]. However, in our study, the fact that the majority of meconium passages occurred between 6\u0026ndash;10 hours, with the maximum duration being 17.9 hours\u0026mdash;well below the pathological threshold\u0026mdash;indicates that the average timing remained within physiological limits.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen comparing maternal and neonatal characteristics based on the timing of meconium passage, gestational age was significantly higher in the early passage group (p = 0.038). Birth weight (p = 0.005) and discharge weight (p = 0.02) were also higher in this group. These findings suggest that higher gestational age and birth weight are associated with earlier meconium passage, consistent with previous literature [1,34]. On the other hand, no significant differences were found between the groups regarding physiological weight loss, APGAR scores, mode of delivery, or maternal characteristics. These findings indicate that the timing of meconium passage is more closely related to the physiological maturity of the newborn rather than maternal factors [33].\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the present study, newborns were stratified into two groups based on the median meconium passage time of 7.17 hours. Infants with earlier passage (\u0026lt;7.17 h) showed significant improvement in LATCH scores between the first and second assessments, while those with later passage (\u0026ge;7.17 h) did not reach statistical significance. Although the between-group differences were not statistically significant, the trend supports the hypothesis that earlier meconium passage is linked to more rapid breastfeeding progress.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeyond this temporal association, ROC analysis revealed that meconium passage time had a moderate ability to discriminate between successful and unsuccessful breastfeeding (defined as LATCH \u0026ge; 8), with an AUC of 0.71. This reinforces the potential of meconium timing to serve as a predictive marker. Taken together, these findings suggest that early meconium passage\u0026mdash;an easily observable, non-invasive physiological event\u0026mdash;may reflect not only gastrointestinal maturity but also early readiness for oral feeding. This aligns with prior studies identifying meconium passage within the first 6 to 8 hours of life as indicative of healthy neonatal adaptation [19].\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, infants with earlier meconium passage demonstrated faster breastfeeding improvement, whereas those with delayed passage may require additional early support. These findings highlight the importance of individualized breastfeeding counseling, particularly for dyads showing slower adaptation. Given its simplicity and non-invasive nature, meconium passage time could be integrated into routine neonatal assessments as a practical clinical parameter to optimize feeding outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThis study highlights the potential relationship between the timing of first meconium passage and breastfeeding success in term newborns. Infants who passed meconium earlier demonstrated more rapid development of breastfeeding skills during the initial days of life. These findings suggest that meconium passage time\u0026mdash;an easily observable, non-invasive, and physiological indicator\u0026mdash;may indirectly reflect early feeding readiness.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIncorporating meconium passage time into routine neonatal assessments could help identify infants\u0026mdash;particularly those with delayed passage\u0026mdash;who may require closer breastfeeding support. Such an approach may facilitate the timely implementation of individualized care strategies and contribute to improved neonatal outcomes. Future research should further explore the predictive value of meconium timing across different populations and care settings, and these insights may inform clinical checklists and neonatal care guidelines aimed at optimizing breastfeeding support and discharge planning.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCRediT authorship contribution statement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSemra K\u0026uuml;\u0026ccedil;\u0026uuml;k: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Data curation, Writing \u0026ndash; original draft, Writing \u0026ndash; review \u0026amp; editing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eZehra Kan \u0026Ouml;nt\u0026uuml;rk: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal analysis, Supervision, Writing \u0026ndash; original draft, Writing \u0026ndash; review \u0026amp; editing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSibel Ey\u0026uuml;boğlu: Investigation, Data curation, Writing \u0026ndash; review \u0026amp; editing.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunding\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare no competing interests\u003c/p\u003e\n"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEzomike UO. Evaluation of impact of perinatal factors on time to first meconium passage in Nigerian neonates. \u003cem\u003eMalawi Med J\u003c/em\u003e. 2019;31(2):150\u0026ndash;4. doi:10.4314/mmj.v31i2.8\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMasood M, Shahid N, Bano Z, et al. Association of Apgar score with meconium staining of amniotic fluid in labor. \u003cem\u003eCureus\u003c/em\u003e. 2021;13(1):e12744. doi:10.7759/cureus.12744\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOkoro PE, Enyindah CE. Time of passage of first stool in newborns in a tertiary health facility in Southern Nigeria. \u003cem\u003eNiger J Surg\u003c/em\u003e. 2013;19(2):20\u0026ndash;2. doi:10.4103/1117-6806.111503\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSkelly CL, Zulfiqar H, Sankararaman S. Meconium. In: \u003cem\u003eStatPearls [Internet]\u003c/em\u003e. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2019 [cited 2025 Jul 1]. Available from: https://europepmc.org/article/NBK/nbk542240\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZheng L, Gai L, Gao J, et al. Clinical effects of breast milk enema on meconium evacuation in premature infants: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. \u003cem\u003eTrials\u003c/em\u003e. 2021;22:738. doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05261-1\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBekkali N, Hamers SL, Schipperus MR, et al. Duration of meconium passage in preterm and term infants. \u003cem\u003eArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed\u003c/em\u003e. 2010;93(5):F376\u0026ndash;9. doi:10.1136/adc.2009.159442\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFooladi AI, Khani S, Hosseini HM, et al. Impact of altered early infant gut microbiota following breastfeeding and delivery mode on allergic diseases. \u003cem\u003eInflamm Allergy Drug Targets\u003c/em\u003e. 2013;12(6):410\u0026ndash;8. doi:10.2174/1871528112666131205113129\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGuo C, Zhou Q, Li M, et al. Breastfeeding restored the gut microbiota in caesarean section infants and lowered the infection risk in early life. \u003cem\u003eBMC Pediatr\u003c/em\u003e. 2020;20(1):33. doi:10.1186/s12887-020-02433-x\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKarimi FZ, Sadeghi R, Maleki-Saghooni N, et al. The effect of mother-infant skin to skin contact on success and duration of first breastfeeding: a systematic review and meta-analysis. \u003cem\u003eTaiwan J Obstet Gynecol\u003c/em\u003e. 2019;58(1):1\u0026ndash;9. doi:10.1016/j.tjog.2018.11.002\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eChen Y, Li H, Zhang J, et al. Breastfeeding and the risk of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. \u003cem\u003eBMC Pediatr\u003c/em\u003e. 2021;21:141. doi:10.1186/s12887-021-02614-4\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVictora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJD, et al. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. \u003cem\u003eLancet\u003c/em\u003e. 2021;397(10292):475\u0026ndash;90. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32220-6\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eYenal K, Okumuş H. LATCH emzirme tanılama \u0026ouml;l\u0026ccedil;eğinin g\u0026uuml;venirliliğini inceleyen bir \u0026ccedil;alışma. \u003cem\u003eHemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi\u003c/em\u003e. 2003;1:38\u0026ndash;43. Available from: http://hemarge.org.tr\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eJensen D, Wallace S, Kelsay P. LATCH: a breastfeeding charting system and documentation tool. \u003cem\u003eJ Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs\u003c/em\u003e. 1994;23(1):27\u0026ndash;32. doi:10.1111/j.1552-6909.1994.tb01847.x\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. About breastfeeding. \u003cem\u003eCDC\u003c/em\u003e [Internet]. 2024 Dec 9 [cited 2025 Jan 23]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/php/about/index.html\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFeldman-Winter L, Kellams A, Peter-Wohl S, et al. Evidence-based updates on the first week of exclusive breastfeeding among infants \u0026ge;35 weeks. \u003cem\u003ePediatrics\u003c/em\u003e. 2020;145(4):e20183696. doi:10.1542/peds.2018-3696\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVictora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJD, et al. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. \u003cem\u003eLancet\u003c/em\u003e. 2016;387(10017):475\u0026ndash;90. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01024-7\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWorld Health Organization. Infant and young child feeding. \u003cem\u003eWHO\u003c/em\u003e [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2025 Jul 1]. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/infant-and-young-child-feeding\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eNoble L, Hand IL, Noble A. The effect of breastfeeding in the first hour and rooming-in of low-income, multi-ethnic mothers on in-hospital, one and three month high breastfeeding intensity. \u003cem\u003eChildren (Basel)\u003c/em\u003e. 2023;10(2):313. doi:10.3390/children10020313\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePulse WS, DiCioccio HC. The golden hour: promoting early breastfeeding and maternal\u0026ndash;infant bonding. \u003cem\u003eNurs Womens Health\u003c/em\u003e. 2021;25(5):362\u0026ndash;9. doi:10.1016/j.nwh.2021.07.001\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRoberts K, Smith J, Thompson R, et al. Early breastfeeding initiation and neonatal outcomes: a multicenter cohort study. \u003cem\u003eJ Hum Lact\u003c/em\u003e. 2024;40(1):55\u0026ndash;63. doi:10.1177/08903344231226655\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSharma D, Byrne A. Early initiation of breastfeeding: a systematic literature review of factors and barriers in South Asia. \u003cem\u003eInt Breastfeed J\u003c/em\u003e. 2016;11(1):17. doi:10.1186/s13006-016-0076-7\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAgudelo AD, Hwang YS, Shamo F. Immediate postpartum breastfeeding and its effect on uterine involution: a randomized controlled trial. \u003cem\u003eMatern Child Health J\u003c/em\u003e. 2021;25(9):1452\u0026ndash;9. doi:10.1007/s10995-021-03184-3\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAlmutairi TA. Skin-to-skin contact and maternal mental health outcomes in the postpartum period: a review. \u003cem\u003eJ Clin Nurs\u003c/em\u003e. 2021;30(7\u0026ndash;8):e85\u0026ndash;94. doi:10.1111/jocn.15583\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCato K, Sylv\u0026eacute;n SM, Lindstr\u0026ouml;m K, et al. The role of oxytocin in early parenthood: associations with maternal mood, infant interaction, and breastfeeding. \u003cem\u003eBMC Pregnancy Childbirth\u003c/em\u003e. 2019;19(1):103. doi:10.1186/s12884-019-2240-0\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMoore ER, Bergman N, Anderson GC, et al. Early skin-to-skin contact for mothers and their healthy newborn infants. \u003cem\u003eCochrane Database Syst Rev\u003c/em\u003e. 2016;11:CD003519. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003519.pub4\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMena-Tudela D, Calle-Castro L, Cervera-Gasch \u0026Aacute;. Association between LATCH score and exclusive breastfeeding at six months postpartum: a prospective cohort study. \u003cem\u003eInt Breastfeed J\u003c/em\u003e. 2023;18(1):12. doi:10.1186/s13006-023-00519-z\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKehinde J, O\u0026apos;Donnell C, Grealish A. The effectiveness of prenatal breastfeeding education on breastfeeding uptake postpartum: a systematic review. \u003cem\u003eMidwifery\u003c/em\u003e. 2023;118:103579. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2022.103579\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMcCarter D, Law AA, Cabullo H, et al. Scoping review of postpartum discharge education provided by nurses. \u003cem\u003eJ Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs\u003c/em\u003e. 2022;51(4):377\u0026ndash;87. doi:10.1016/j.jogn.2022.03.002\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFarasati M, Nourizadeh R, Sattarzadeh-Jahdi N, et al. The effect of in-home supportive counseling on maternal functioning and self-efficacy following cesarean section among primiparous women. \u003cem\u003eJ Educ Health Promot\u003c/em\u003e. 2024;13:26. doi:10.4103/jehp.jehp_779_22\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaisels MJ, Watchko JF, Bhutani VK, et al. An approach to the management of hyperbilirubinemia in the preterm infant less than 35 weeks of gestation. \u003cem\u003eJ Perinatol\u003c/em\u003e. 2012;32(9):660\u0026ndash;4. doi:10.1038/jp.2012.71\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTadese M, Kebede WM, Mulu GB. Assessment of knowledge, attitude, and practice of colostrum feeding among lactating women in northeast Ethiopia. \u003cem\u003eClin Case Rep Int\u003c/em\u003e. 2022;6:1402. Available from: https://www.clinicalcasereportsint.com/ [cited 2025 Jul 1].\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFanaroff AA, Martin RJ. \u003cem\u003eFanaroff and Martin\u0026rsquo;s Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine: Diseases of the Fetus and Infant\u003c/em\u003e. 11th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Elsevier; 2019. Available from: https://shop.elsevier.com/books/fanaroff-and-martins-neonatal-perinatal-medicine-2-volume-set/martin/978-0-323-56711-4\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBeeby PJ, Jeffery HE, Gill AW. The early passage of meconium: clinical associations and consequences. \u003cem\u003eArch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed\u003c/em\u003e. 1999;81(2):F133\u0026ndash;7. doi:10.1136/fn.81.2.F133\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGomella TL, Cunningham MD, Eyal FG. \u003cem\u003eNeonatology: Management, Procedures, On-Call Problems, Diseases, and Drugs\u003c/em\u003e. 8th ed. New York (NY): McGraw Hill; 2020. Available from: https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookid=2737\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZheng L, Gai L, Gao J, et al. Clinical effects of breast milk enema on meconium evacuation in premature infants: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. \u003cem\u003eTrials\u003c/em\u003e. 2021;22:738. doi:10.1186/s13063-021-05261-1\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 1\u003c/strong\u003e. Descriptive Characteristics of the Newborns and Mothers (N = 59)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"625\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNewborn Characteristics\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003en (%)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSex\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMale\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34 (57.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFemale\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25 (42.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGestational age (weeks)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.95 \u0026plusmn; 0.61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMedian (Min\u0026ndash;Max)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39 (38\u0026ndash;40.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBirth weight (g)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3403.31 \u0026plusmn; 378.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMedian (Min\u0026ndash;Max)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3440 (2095\u0026ndash;4300)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDischarge weight (g) \u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3223.66 \u0026plusmn; 323.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMedian (Min\u0026ndash;Max)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3217 (2505\u0026ndash;4025)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMode of delivery\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eVaginal delivery\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (15.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCesarean delivery\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e50 (84.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApgar score, 1 minute\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.90 \u0026plusmn; 0.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMedian (Min\u0026ndash;Max)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (7\u0026ndash;10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eApgar score, 5 minutes\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.76 \u0026plusmn; 0.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMedian (Min\u0026ndash;Max)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (8\u0026ndash;10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaternal Characteristics\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaternal age (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.73 \u0026plusmn; 4.88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eMedian (Min\u0026ndash;Max)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33 (21\u0026ndash;44)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGravidity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1 pregnancy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30 (50.8)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2 pregnancy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21 (35.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026ge;3 pregnancy\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8 (13.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrevious breastfeeding experience\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e35 (59.3)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e24 (40.7)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eUse of breastfeeding aids in the past\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eNo\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48 (81.4)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 211px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 225px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eYes (silicone nipple shield)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 190px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11 (18.6)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 2.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eComparison of LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Scores by Time of Measurement\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"103%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLATCH Score\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMedian (Min\u0026ndash;Max)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1st measurement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 27px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.39 \u0026plusmn; 1.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (4\u0026ndash;10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2nd measurement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 27px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.25 \u0026plusmn; 0.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (7\u0026ndash;10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3rd measurement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 27px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.51 \u0026plusmn; 0.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (7\u0026ndash;10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ep\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 55px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.001**\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChange ∆\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 27px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1st \u0026ndash; 2nd measurement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 27px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.86 \u0026plusmn; 1.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003eaa\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.001**\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1st \u0026ndash; 3rd measurement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 27px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.12 \u0026plusmn; 1.37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003eaa\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.001**\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 44px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2nd \u0026ndash; 3rd measurement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 27px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.25 \u0026plusmn; 0.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 28px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003eaa\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.592\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cem\u003eFriedman Test\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003eaa\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003eWilcoxon Corrected Signed Rank Test\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e**p\u0026lt;0,01\u003c/em\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 3.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eComparison of Descriptive Characteristics based on Meconium Passage Time\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg 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\"\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003ec\u003c/sup\u003ePearson Chi-Square Test\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003ed\u003c/sup\u003eFisher Exact Test\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003csup\u003ee\u003c/sup\u003eStudent-t Test\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e*p\u0026lt;0,05 **p\u0026lt;0,01\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 4.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eComparison of LATCH Scores based on Meconium Passage Time and Measurement Time\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"100%\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eLATCH Breastfeeding Assessment\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMeconium \u0026lt; 7.17 h\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 30px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMeconium \u0026ge; 7.17 h\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMedian (Min\u0026ndash;Max)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMedian (Min-Max)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1st measurement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.34 \u0026plusmn; 1.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (5\u0026ndash;10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.43 \u0026plusmn; 1.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (4\u0026ndash;10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.882\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2nd measurement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.28 \u0026plusmn; 1.03\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (7\u0026ndash;10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.23 \u0026plusmn; 0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9 (8\u0026ndash;10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.556\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3rd measurement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.48 \u0026plusmn; 0.63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (8\u0026ndash;10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.53 \u0026plusmn; 0.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10 (7\u0026ndash;10)\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.488\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ep\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0,001**\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 30px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0,001**\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChange ∆\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003eaa\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMean \u0026plusmn; SD\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003eaa\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1st \u0026ndash; 2nd measurement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.93 \u0026plusmn; 1.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.017*\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.8 \u0026plusmn; 1.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.051\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.528\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e1st \u0026ndash; 3rd measurement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.14 \u0026plusmn; 1.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.002**\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.1 \u0026plusmn; 1.4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.001**\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.981\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 29px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e2nd \u0026ndash; 3rd measurement\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 14px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.21 \u0026plusmn; 0.62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e1.000\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"bottom\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.3 \u0026plusmn; 0.7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 15px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.660\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 10px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e0.469\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003ea\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003eFriedman Test and \u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003eaa\u003c/sup\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eWilcoxon Corrected Signed Rank Test\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/em\u003eMann\u0026ndash;Whitney U-Test\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e**\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; 0.01\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"international-breastfeeding-journal","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ibfj","sideBox":"Learn more about [International Breastfeeding Journal](http://internationalbreastfeedingjournal.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"13006","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/13006/3","title":"International Breastfeeding Journal","twitterHandle":"@BioMedCentral","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC/SO AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"breastfeeding, breast milk, infant, meconium passage, newborn","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7723291/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7723291/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003ch2\u003eBackground\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eEarly meconium passage is considered a marker of neonatal gastrointestinal maturity and may have implications for breastfeeding success. To examine the association between breastfeeding success and time of first meconium passage in full-term newborns.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis correlational study was conducted in a maternity unit and included 59 healthy, exclusively breastfed term newborns. Breastfeeding success was evaluated using the LATCH Breastfeeding Assessment Tool during the first (0\u0026ndash;1 h), second (1\u0026ndash;24 h), and third (24\u0026ndash;48 h) feeding. Assessments were performed independently by a lactation consultant and the primary nurse. The time of first meconium passage was recorded, and the relationship with breastfeeding success was analyzed.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eResults\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eNewborns who passed meconium in less than 7.17 hours showed a statistically significant increase in breastfeeding success between the first and second assessments (mean increase: 0.93\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.33; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.017). In those with passage times\u0026thinsp;\u0026ge;\u0026thinsp;7.17 hours, the increase was not significant (0.8\u0026thinsp;\u0026plusmn;\u0026thinsp;1.42; p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.051).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eEarlier meconium passage was associated with a faster improvement in breastfeeding success, suggesting a link between gastrointestinal maturity and early feeding readiness in term newborns. These findings highlight the potential value of monitoring meconium timing as a simple, non-invasive marker to identify infants who may benefit from closer observation and timely breastfeeding support in the early postnatal period.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"First Meconium Passage as a Predictor of Early Breastfeeding Success in Term Newborns","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-10-15 02:33:59","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7723291/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-11-18T13:37:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-11-18T07:25:04+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-10-30T23:05:21+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"193990976728307357474814475601893659512","date":"2025-10-09T12:04:15+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"53048015792696769724997873841900075169","date":"2025-10-07T15:32:59+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-09-30T15:52:59+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-09-29T13:36:05+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-09-29T13:34:56+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"International Breastfeeding Journal","date":"2025-09-26T15:32:51+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"international-breastfeeding-journal","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ibfj","sideBox":"Learn more about [International Breastfeeding Journal](http://internationalbreastfeedingjournal.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"13006","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/13006/3","title":"International Breastfeeding Journal","twitterHandle":"@BioMedCentral","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC/SO AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"7814695a-0659-4345-a97b-eb58ae8befc2","owner":[],"postedDate":"October 15th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-01-19T16:51:07+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-7723291","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-025-00799-1","journal":{"identity":"international-breastfeeding-journal","isVorOnly":false,"title":"International Breastfeeding Journal"},"publishedOn":"2026-01-13 16:30:54","publishedOnDateReadable":"January 13th, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-10-15 02:33:59","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s13006-025-00799-1","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-025-00799-1","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7723291","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7723291","identity":"rs-7723291","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}