Therapist Memory for Treatment Contents: Implications for Patient Outcomes

Therapist Memory for Treatment Contents: Implications for Patient Outcomes | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Therapist Memory for Treatment Contents: Implications for Patient Outcomes Catherine A Callaway, Anne E Milner, Garret G Zieve, Leighann Ashlock, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-9152769/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Objective : This secondary analysis evaluates the impact of therapist memory on patient outcomes in the context of a randomized trial comparing cognitive therapy plus memory support (CT+Memory Support) to cognitive therapy as usual (CT-as-usual). Method : Participants were 172 adults (mean age [SD] = 37.46 [15.31]; 62.79% female; 59.88% Caucasian) with major depressive disorder. Patients were treated by 19 therapists (age mean [SD] = 28.4 [5.95] years; 78.95% female; 42.11% Caucasian), with each therapist treating an average of 9 patients. Therapists completed cumulative and past session recall assessments immediately following sessions during weeks 4, 8, and 12, and the final session. Patient depression symptom severity (Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report) and functional impairment (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0) were self-reported at pre-treatment, post-treatment, 6-month (6FU), and 12-month follow-ups (12FU). Results : Multilevel modeling revealed that better therapist cumulative recall predicted lower depression severity from pre- to post-treatment (unstandardized b = -3.43, p < 0.001) and at 6FU ( b = -2.72, p < 0.001). Therapist cumulative recall predicted improved patient functional impairment in CT-as-usual only ( b = 3.11, p = 0.02). Therapist past session recall ( b = -2.68, p = 0.01) predicted improved functional impairment across treatment conditions. All other comparisons were non-significant, but the majority were in the hypothesized direction. Conclusions : These results signal a relationship between therapist memory and patient outcomes. Future research is needed to verify these findings and investigate ways to optimize therapist memory for treatment. therapist recall patient outcomes memory support cognitive therapy depression Figures Figure 1 Introduction Therapist memory for the delivery of treatment content is unlikely to be optimal, particularly in the delivery of evidence-based psychological treatments (EBPTs). EBPT therapy sessions are typically long and cover complex information, which requires therapists to keep track of different sources of information (e.g., symptoms, case formulation, and content discussed in previous sessions). Therapists also carry a large caseload (Bailey et al., 2021 ), which means therapists must remember this information across many different clients. More generally, human memory has a limited capacity and is fallible (Camos, 2015 ; Loftus & Loftus, 2019 ). Together, these factors make it plausible that therapists may not consistently retain and recall key treatment information from one session to the next. The limitations of therapist memory may have potential implications for patient outcomes. We offer three key elements of the therapy process that may be implicated, all of which must be subject to further empirical investigation. First, the therapeutic alliance depends in part on consensus between the therapist and patient on the goals and tasks of therapy throughout the therapy course (Vaz et al., 2024 ), which may benefit from better therapist memory of treatment sessions. For example, one study found that when therapist recall of session contents was more accurate, participants’ perceptions of the therapist were significantly more favorable (Gardner et al., 1988 ). Second, an individualized case conceptualization requires careful encoding and retention of the patient’s idiosyncratic data of the course of treatment on the part of the therapist, as it is (a) iteratively adapted as sessions unfold and new information becomes available and (b) individualized to each patient’s history and presenting problem (Galovski et al., 2024 ). Given that case conceptualization guides intervention selection and treatment planning for many EBPTs (Persons & Talbot, 2019 ), strong therapist recall may be crucial for diagnostic judgments, development and testing of case formulations, treatment planning, and selection of therapeutic strategies (Brailey et al., 2001 ; Strohmer et al., 1990 ; Webb et al., 2016 ). Lastly, repetition of key treatment points is key to lasting change in patient behavior. Thus, if a therapist cannot recall key treatment points and provide the repetition necessary to promote habit formation in their patients, the potential for sustained treatment outcomes may be limited (Harvey et al., 2022 ). These three key elements may be strengthened when therapists retain and recall treatment points and session information; therapy improves treatment delivery and subsequently patient outcomes. Importantly, therapist memory for treatment is modifiable. There is research documenting that memory encoding and retention can be markedly improved via the application of memory support strategies. Harvey et al. ( 2014 ) sought to harness these strategies to engage patient memory for EBPTs via the Memory Support Intervention. The goal of the Memory Support Intervention is to increase patient memory for key treatment points, with the goal of improving treatment adherence and outcomes. A treatment point is defined as an insight, skill, or strategy that the therapist thinks is important for the patient to remember and/or implement as part of the treatment (Lee & Harvey, 2015 ). Although the Memory Support Intervention is delivered to enhance patient memory, it may also strengthen therapist memory. Specifically, delivering memory support strategies requires the therapist to also highlight and repeat treatment content to the patient, which is likely to strengthen the therapist’s own encoding and later retrieval of the same material. Indeed, evidence suggests that the Memory Support Intervention also improves therapist memory for key treatment points, such that therapist memory improved in the CT+Memory Support condition, relative to the CT-as-usual (Callaway et al., submitted). In the current study, we focus on two distinct measures of therapist recall, namely, past-session and cumulative recall for treatment points, which are defined as “insights, skills, or strategies that you [the therapist] think are important for your patient to remember and/or implement as a part of treatment.” Past-session recall refers to the therapist's memory of treatment points from the immediately preceding session, whereas cumulative recall reflects memory for treatment points across the full course of therapy to date (cumulative recall). These forms of recall may influence outcomes through different mechanisms. Prior-session recall could support the reinforcement of key treatment points, and alignment and goals from session-to-session. In contrast, cumulative recall may be more closely aligned with individualized case formulation and integration of skills over time, which may strengthen the therapeutic alliance over time. Therefore, cumulative recall may be particularly relevant for tailoring and improving treatment, which may further sustain patient outcomes. The present study was designed to evaluate whether therapist recall predicts patient outcomes in the context of a randomized trial comparing cognitive therapy plus memory support (CT+Memory Support) to cognitive therapy as usual (CT-as-usual) in adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). Specifically, we examined whether therapist recall predicted changes in patient outcomes (depression symptom severity and functional impairment) from pre-treatment (PRE) to post-treatment (POST), and whether any improvements are sustained to follow-up time points at 6-month follow-up (6FU), and 12-month follow-up (12FU). We also examined whether these effects are moderated by treatment condition (CT-as-usual vs. CT+Memory Support). We hypothesize that better therapist recall will be associated with improved patient outcomes. Furthermore, we expect this relationship to be stronger in the CT+Memory Support condition relative to CT-as-usual. As the Memory Support Intervention is expected to enhance encoding of key treatment points, it may strengthen therapist recall in ways that directly support the therapeutic alliance and individualized case conceptualization. As a result, variability in therapist recall in the CT+Memory Support condition may translate more strongly to patient improvement. Method Study Overview and Participants Data for the current study were drawn from a randomized controlled trial (NCT02938559) funded by the National Institute for Mental Health (R01MH108657; Dong et al., 2022). Adults who met criteria for major depressive disorder ( N = 178) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 parallel group design to CT+Memory Support ( n = 87) or CT-as-usual ( n = 91). Randomization was stratified by age (≤ 49, 50+) and depression chronicity (< 2 yrs, ≥ 2 yrs; Fournier et al., 2009). Additional details about the eligibility and procedures for the trial are described elsewhere (Dong et al., 2022). Six participants were excluded from the present study because they were missing at least one of the key measures at all timepoints, leaving 172 participants treated by 19 therapists (88 CT+Memory Support, 84 CT-as-usual) included in these analyses. The 19 therapists treated an average of 9.05 patients ( SD = 6.70, range = 1 to 25). All participants provided informed consent to participate. This study received approval from the University of California, Berkeley, Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects. Treatments Treatment was administered by a licensed therapist or graduate students in social work or clinical psychology. Both CT+Memory Support and CT-as-usual were comprised of 20 to 26, 50-minute sessions conducted over 16 weeks. Patients received twice-weekly sessions for weeks 1-4, one to two sessions per week for weeks 5-10, and once-weekly sessions for weeks 11-16. All sessions were video recorded. To help ensure purity of delivery (Manber et al., 2008), each therapist was randomly allocated to deliver only one of the two treatment conditions, and only those therapists in the CT+Memory Support condition were trained to deliver memory support strategies (see below). For both treatment conditions, therapists delivered CT according to an identical protocol and received weekly supervision to standardize treatment administration. Weekly supervision was conducted separately for therapists in each condition, except that all therapists attended monthly master classes with a licensed therapist. CT-as-usual CT was developed by Beck (1979) and has incorporated several innovations (Beck, 1995; Bennett-Levy et al., 2004). Treatment strategies are designed to identify, reality test, and correct distorted beliefs and information processing (Beck, 1979). CT for major depressive disorder was conducted according to the standard manuals (Beck, 1979; Beck, 2011; Greenberger & Padesky, 2015). Patients were also given a copy of a CT self-help book (Greenberger & Padesky, 2015). CT+Memory Support The Memory Support Intervention is a manualized adjunctive treatment designed to be delivered alongside CT-as-usual. Therapists in the CT+Memory Support condition were trained to deliver strategies from the Memory Support Intervention and were instructed to incorporate these strategies as much as possible during sessions. The Memory Support Intervention is comprised of eight memory promoting strategies, with four constructive and four non-constructive strategies (see Table 1). These strategies are proactively, strategically, and intensively integrated into treatment-as-usual to support memory encoding. Memory support was delivered alongside each ‘treatment point’, defined as a main idea, principle, or experience that the therapist wants the patient to remember or implement as part of the treatment (Lee & Harvey, 2015). We acknowledge that several recommended practices within CT-as-usual may function as memory support strategies (e.g., providing regular capsule summaries may function as repetition). Thus, there was also some level of memory support delivered in the CT-as-usual condition. However, as described previously (Dong et al., 2022), therapists in CT+Memory Support delivered significantly more memory support, as well as a greater number of different types of memory support strategies, compared to therapists in CT-as-usual. Measures In addition to therapist and patient demographics, the following measures were collected. Therapist Measures Therapist Recall Task. Therapist memory for treatment was measured using the Therapist Recall Task (TRT), a variation of the Patient Recall Task (PRT; Lee & Harvey, 2015). The TRT is a free recall measure of therapist memory, during which therapists are given a sheet of paper and asked to take 10 minutes to recall as many distinct treatment points as they can from the immediately preceding session and all the sessions they have had thus far up until the time of the assessment (“cumulative recall”) as well as from the immediately preceding session only (“past session recall”). Treatment points are defined for therapists as “insights, skills, or strategies that you [the therapist] think are important for your patient to remember and/or implement as a part of treatment.” Examples of therapist treatment points include “thoughts, behaviors, and physiology affect our mood” and “thinking traps include black and white thinking.” The overall number of treatment points recalled was coded by a trained coding team using a scoring rubric developed in a previous study (Lee & Harvey, 2015). According to the rubric, recall responses must be consistent with CT to count towards the overall total. The raw number of treatment points recalled by the therapist are then summed. If a therapist writes the same idea more than once, one point is awarded to the group of responses. To assess inter-rater reliability, each member of the coding team individually coded the number of treatment points from 10% of TRT tasks collected (reflecting a total of 69 TRT tasks). Interrater reliability was excellent according to a two-way mixed effects, consistency, single rater intraclass correlation (n = 69, ICC = 0.93, p < .001) (McGraw & Wong, 1996). Therapists completed the TRT immediately following sessions that occurred during weeks 4, 8, and 12 and the final session, to capture therapist memory throughout treatment and following all treatment sessions. Patient Outcome Measures To limit the number of comparisons, one patient outcome measure was selected from the parent study (NCT02938559) for each domain (course of illness, functional impairment) to include in the present analyses. A rationale for measure selection is provided below. Course of illness. The Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (IDS-SR) (Trivedi et al., 2004) was used to measure the course of illness. The IDS-SR is a 30-item scale used to measure depression severity. Each item is rated on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 (symptom is not present) to 3 (strongest impairment). Items were summed with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms. The IDS-SR has demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.92 to 0.93) (Trivedi et al., 2004), and internal consistency estimates for the current sample were high across all timepoints (Cronbach’s α = 0.75 to 0.93). We selected the continuous score of the IDS-SR for the present analyses, as opposed to binary outcome measures (e.g., remission, relapse), as it provides a wider range of possible courses of illness in response to treatment. Functional Impairment. The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) (Üstün et al., 2010) is a 36-item scale used to assess difficulty in specific areas of functioning from the past 30 days. Items are scored on a 5-point scale from 1 (‘none’) to 5 (‘extreme or cannot do’). Summary scores of the WHODAS were derived based on simple scoring instruction (Üstün et al., 2010). Higher scores indicate greater disability. The WHODAS has demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.86) and test-retest reliability (Üstün et al., 2010). Internal consistency estimates for the current sample were high across all timepoints (Cronbach’s α = 0.92 to 0.94). We selected the WHODAS as it was the primary outcome measure for functional impairment used in the parent study. Data Analysis One to six percent of data was missing across measures for participants included in the following analyses. Maximum likelihood (ML) estimation method was used with missing data assumed Missing at Random (MAR). All data analyses were conducted in R (R Core Team, 2016). For the continuous outcome measures (IDS-SR, WHODAS), multilevel modeling was used to evaluate the effect of therapist cumulative recall and past session recall on outcome measures post-treatment, 6FU, and 12FU (with pre-treatment as reference) by treatment condition (Goldstein, 2011; Hox, et al., 2017; Raudenbush & Bryk, 2002). All continuous predictor variables (i.e., IDS-SR, WHODAS, therapist recall) and covariates were z-scored to improve model convergence and improve interpretation of the coefficients. The first level represents within-person (patient-level) variation and includes time indicators (or dummy variables) as predictors (post-treatment, 6FU, 12FU, with pre-treatment as the reference). The second level represents between-person variation in the intercepts and coefficients and includes treatment condition (CT+Memory support, CT-as-usual as reference) and therapist cumulative recall or therapist past-session recall as a continuous predictor variable. Therapist recall was modeled at the patient level. Although therapists contributed multiple observations per patient, these observations were collapsed into a single therapist-recall score per patient. We initially specified a nested random-effects structure with patients nested within therapists. However, these models were singular (therapist intercept variance = 0), indicating negligible between-therapist variance or an insufficient number of therapists to estimate this variance reliably. Therefore, therapist-level random effects were excluded, and the final models only retained the patient random intercept. The following therapist baseline characteristics were included as covariates, as they may account for variations in treatment delivery: age, years of education, prior CBT experience, and number of patients treated. In addition, patient recall was also included as a covariate as patient recall has previously been shown to be improved in the CT+Memory Support condition, relative to CT-as-usual (Dong et al., 2022). Pairwise comparisons using the emmeans package in R were used to follow up on significant interactions. The Benjamini-Hochberg procedure (Benjamini & Hochberg, 1995) was used to correct for multiple comparisons for the follow-up tests using a 5% false discovery rate. An alpha level of 0.05 was used. Transparency and Openness All research materials, data, and analysis code are available from the authors upon request. This study was not pre-registered. We report all data exclusions, all manipulations, and all measures in the study. Results Demographic variables for therapists are presented in Table 2 and for patients in Table 3. Table 4 displays the descriptive statistics for all measures included in the present analyses at each timepoint. Table 5 reports the multilevel modeling results for therapist cumulative recall and past-session recall on the changes in IDS-SR and WHODAS scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment, 6FU, and 12FU. This table includes both the random effect estimates and the fixed effects for the two primary interactions of interest: (1) the two-way interaction between therapist recall and timepoint indicators, which examines whether the association between therapist recall and patient outcome changes over time, and (2) the three-way interaction between therapist recall, timepoint indicators, and treatment condition (CT-as-usual versus CT+Memory Support), which test whether the two-way interaction effect differs by treatment condition. A total of four models are reported below, as the two outcome measures are analyzed with the two distinct types of therapist recall as predictors in separate models. IDS-SR Two separate multilevel models were used to assess the effects of therapist cumulative recall and therapist past session recall on the magnitude of symptom change, as indexed by the IDS-SR from pre-treatment to post-treatment, to 6FU, and to 12FU by treatment condition. Cumulative Recall There was no significant effect of therapist cumulative recall on change in patient IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to any of the follow-up timepoints (all p’s > 0.05). However, there was a significant interaction between therapist cumulative recall and treatment condition on the change in patient IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment ( b = -3.43, SE = 0.82, p < 0.001; see Figure 1a). Pairwise comparisons revealed that better therapist cumulative recall was associated with improved patient depressive symptoms from pre-treatment to post-treatment in the CT+Memory Support condition ( t = -5.78, SE = 15.08, p < 0.001) but not the CT-as-usual condition ( t = 1.16, SE = 16.37, p = 0.40). There was also a significant interaction between therapist cumulative recall and treatment condition on the change in patient IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to 6FU ( b = -2.72, SE = 0.82, p < 0.001) that followed a similar pattern, such that better therapist cumulative recall was associated with improved patient depressive symptoms from pre-treatment to 6FU in the CT+Memory Support condition ( t = -4.57, SE = 14.81, p < 0.001) but not the CT-as-usual condition ( t = 0.98, SE = 16.36, p = 0.40). There was no significant interaction between therapist cumulative recall and treatment condition on IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to 12FU ( b = -1.02, SE = 0.83, p = 0.22), suggesting that the benefits of improved cumulative memory recall in the CT+Memory Support condition were no longer observed at 12FU. Past Session Recall There was no significant effect of therapist past-session recall on change in patient IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to any of the follow-up timepoints (all p’s > 0.05). There were also no significant interactions between therapist past-session recall and treatment condition on the change in patient IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment ( b = -1.38, SE = 0.78, p = 0.08; see Figure 1b), to 6FU ( b = -0.63, SE = 0.78, p = 0.42), or to 12FU ( b = -0.87, SE = 0.81, p = 0.28), suggesting that improved therapist past-session recall did not affect depressive symptoms. WHODAS Two separate multilevel models were used to assess the effects of therapist cumulative recall and therapist past session recall on functional impairment as measured by the WHODAS from pre-treatment to post-treatment, to 6FU, and to 12FU by treatment condition. Cumulative Recall There was no significant effect of therapist cumulative recall on change in patient IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment ( b = 0.74, SE = 1.09, p = 0.49) or to 6FU ( b = -1.84, SE = 1.08, p = 0.09). There was a significant effect of therapist cumulative recall on WHODAS scores from pre-treatment to 12FU ( b = -3.09, SE = 1.12, p < 0.01; see Figure 1c); this effect was such that improved therapist cumulative recall was associated with improved WHODAS scores from pre-treatment to 12FU. However, this effect was superseded by a higher order interaction with treatment condition ( b = 3.11, SE = 1.33, p = 0.02), that indicated that the effect of therapist cumulative recall was significant in the CT-as-usual condition ( t = -2.78, SE = -26.77, p = 0.02) but not in the CT+Memory Support condition ( t = 0.68, SE = 23.83, p = 0.98). Past Session Recall There was no significant effect of therapist past-session recall on change in patient WHODAS scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment ( b = 0.45, SE = 1.00, p = 0.66), or to 6FU ( b = -1.57, SE = 1.00, p = 0.12). However, there was a significant effect of therapist past-session recall on the change in WHODAS scores from pre-treatment to 12FU ( b = -2.67, SE = 1.05, p = 0.01; see Figure 1d), which indicated that improved therapist past-session recall was associated with improved WHODAS scores from pre-treatment to 12FU. There was also no significant interaction between therapist past-session recall and treatment condition on change in patient WHODAS scores from pre-treatment through all follow-up timepoints (all p’s > 0.05). Discussion The overarching goal of this paper was to continue progressing knowledge of the relationship between therapist memory and patient outcomes. Specifically, this study sought to evaluate if therapist recall of treatment contents predicts patient outcomes. This is an important line of inquiry because the limitations of therapist memory are significant (e.g. Webb et al., 2016 ) and may adversely impact treatment outcome (e.g. Brailey et al., 2001 ; Strohmer et al., 1990 ). Furthermore, therapist memory for treatment contents is modifiable (Callaway et al., submitted; Harvey et al., 2014 ) and may offer a possible intervention target to better patient outcomes across various EBPTs (pantreatment) and diagnoses (transdiagnostic). The context for the present study was a randomized trial in which therapists delivered CT to adults diagnosed with MDD. Our aim was to examine whether therapist recall predicted patient outcomes at post-treatment (POST), 6-month follow-up (6FU), and 12-month follow-up (12FU), controlling for pre-treatment levels of each patient outcome measure (PRE), and whether this relationship was moderated by treatment condition. Patient outcomes were defined as depression symptom severity and functional impairment. We hypothesized that better therapist recall would predict improved patient outcomes, and that these effects would be moderated by treatment condition. The relationship between therapist recall and patient depression symptom severity was observed primarily in the CT+Memory Support condition. Specifically, better cumulative recall was associated with greater improvements in patient depression symptom severity from pre-treatment to post-treatment and 6FU, but these improvements were not retained at 12FU. However, better therapist past session recall was not associated with improved depression severity from pre-treatment to any follow-up timepoints. In the CT-as-usual condition, better therapist cumulative recall was associated with improvements in patient functional impairment from pre-treatment to 12FU. Across both treatment conditions, better therapist past session recall was associated with improved patient functional impairment from pre-treatment to 12FU. In sum, three of twelve total comparisons examining the cumulative recall by treatment condition by timepoint interaction across both patient outcome measures and both types of recall were statistically significant in the hypothesized direction. Upon inspecting the beta values for nonsignificant findings, six of the nine remaining comparisons were in the hypothesized direction. Taken together, these results offer a promising preliminary signal that better therapist memory holds potential to improve patient outcomes. Interestingly, most significant findings indicated that therapist memory had a greater effect on patient outcomes in the CT+Memory Support condition relative to the CT-as-usual. This aligns with preliminary evidence showing that the Memory Support Intervention improves therapist memory for key treatment points, which subsequently improves patient outcomes. The relationship between therapist memory and patient outcomes could be due to many factors. We offer three key elements of the therapy process that may be implicated, all of which must be subject to empirical investigation. First, the therapeutic alliance depends in part on consensus between the therapist and patient on the goals and tasks of therapy throughout the therapy course (Vaz et al., 2024 ), which may benefit from better therapist memory of treatment sessions. Second, an individualized case conceptualization requires careful encoding and retention of the patient’s idiosyncratic data of the course of treatment on the part of the therapist, as it is (a) iteratively adapted as sessions unfold and new information becomes available and (b) individualized to each patient’s history and presenting problem (Galovski et al., 2024 ). Given that case conceptualization guides intervention selection and treatment planning for many EBPTs (Persons & Talbot, 2019 ), strong therapist recall may be crucial for selecting an appropriate course of therapy and making necessary adjustments throughout. Lastly, there is a growing focus on applying the science of habit formation to EBPTs to improve and sustain treatment outcomes (Harvey et al., 2022 ). A core element of forming a new habit or disrupting an unwanted habit (typically behaviors or thought patterns in a therapy context) is repetition. For the therapist to sufficiently repeat the key treatment points that are central to each patient’s goals, the therapist must first recall these points across sessions. Interestingly, results across both patient outcome measures appear to be stronger for the impact of therapist cumulative recall compared to therapist past session recall. It is possible that therapist cumulative recall, meaning recall across the entire course of treatment for a given patient, is more central for optimizing patient outcomes compared to therapist recall of each individual session. In other words, the therapist’s ability to remember specific details of a single session may be less important than their ability to remember and integrate patient information over multiple sessions. The key responsibilities of a therapist (planning treatment, selecting therapeutic strategies, developing and testing case formulations, building a strong rapport with the patient) require recognizing patterns that may not be obvious from individual sessions alone. Another explanation for this pattern of findings is that there may have been a ceiling effect for therapist past session recall, reducing variability across therapists and limiting our ability to detect an effect. Indeed, past session recall likely did not tax therapist memory nearly to the same extent as cumulative recall. While cumulative recall required therapists to remember at least two (and up to 24) sessions spanning weeks or months prior, past session recall required therapists to remember only a single session which occurred mere minutes prior. A significant amount of forgetting occurs within an hour of learning new material (Murre & Dros, 2015 ). Therefore, the timing of the past session recall may have occurred too close to the session being recalled for it to challenge memory enough to reveal significant differences among therapists. Future studies might consider delivering the Therapist Recall Task several hours or a day after the patient session of interest to ensure both past session and cumulative recall are sensitive to variations in therapists’ memory functioning. This study has several limitations. First, the Therapist Recall Task prompts therapists to recall treatment points that they deem important for the patient to remember (see Measures). Additional research is needed to clarify the content most relevant for therapists to remember to optimize patient outcomes. Second, the accuracy of the points therapists recalled is unknown. Third, the scoring rubric for the Therapist Recall Task (one point for each treatment point recalled), assumes that all treatment points are equally significant. While this counting method in a similar task shows evidence of reliability and validity (Harvey et al., 2016 ; Lee & Harvey, 2015 ), there may be important differences in the quality, importance, or impact of recalled treatment points (Dong et al., 2017 ). Fourth, no cut-off score or benchmark has been identified for the Therapist Recall Task to designate a therapist’s recall of treatment contents as sufficient to support patient outcomes, but rather assumes that the more the therapist remembers, the better. It is possible there is a point of diminishing return regarding the number of treatment points recalled. Fifth, the number of therapist treatment points recalled may serve as a proxy for the number of insights, skills, or strategies implemented by the therapist. However, a key point is that this is likely to be more greatly related to past-session recall, which measures recall for treatment points delivered in the prior session. In contrast, cumulative recall, which had the greatest impact on patient outcomes, would not directly translate to dosage in each session, as it reflects the therapist's memory for treatment points delivered throughout treatment. Cumulative recall may better reflect individualized case formulation and integration of skills over time, which may strengthen the therapeutic alliance over time and improve treatment delivery. Sixth, this study only examined one type of therapist memory: long-term memory. As new information must pass through short-term memory before being encoded in long-term memory (Baddeley & Hitch, 1974 ), optimizing the functioning of both types of therapist memory is likely important for patient outcomes. It would be valuable to disentangle the differential effects of these types of therapist memory on patient outcomes in future studies. Finally, although the current analyses ruled out the confounding effects of therapist experience and education, there may be other unmeasured variables related to therapist characteristics that may have influenced patient outcomes, such as therapist engagement and intelligence. Further research is warranted to test these possibilities and to substantiate the relationship between therapist memory and patient outcomes. In conclusion, these results provide preliminary evidence to support a relationship between therapist memory and patient outcomes. Importantly, this relationship was moderated by treatment condition (CT+Memory Support vs. CT-as-usual), suggesting that this relationship was notably stronger when therapists received memory support. Therapist memory functioning over the course of treatment may have a stronger relationship with patient outcomes than memory functioning immediately following each session. Future research is needed to substantiate these findings and investigate ways to optimize therapist memory for treatment. Declarations Acknowledgements This study was funded by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; R01MH108657). Catherine A. Callaway’s work on this paper was supported by the NIMH (R01MH120147). References Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. (1974). Working memory. In G. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation . New York: Academic Press. Bailey, R. J., Erekson, D. M., Goates-Jones, M., Andes, R. M., & Snell, A. N. (2021). Busy Therapists: Examining Caseload as a Potential Factor in Outcome. Psychological Services , 18 (4), 574–583. https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000462 Beck, A. T. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression . Guilford Press. Beck, J. S. (1995). Cognitive therapy: Basics and beyond . Guilford Press. Beck, J. S. (2011). Cognitive therapy: Basics and beyond . Guilford. Benjamini, Y., & Hochberg, Y. (1995). 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Behav Res Ther , 97 , 189–199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2017.08.006.Patient Dong, L., Zieve, G., Gumport, N. B., Armstrong, C. C., Alvarado-Martinez, C. G., Martinez, A., Howlett, S., Fine, E., Tran, M., McNamara, M. E., Weaver, C., Tuck, A. B., Hilmoe, H. E., Agnew, E., Fisher, K., Diaz, M., Lee, J. Y., Hollon, S. D., Notsu, H., & Harvey, A. G. (2022). Can integrating the Memory Support Intervention into cognitive therapy improve depression outcome? A randomized controlled trial. Behaviour Research and Therapy , 157 (August), 104167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2022.104167 Fournier, J. C., DeRubeis, R. J., Shelton, R. C., Hollon, S. D., Amsterdam, J. D., & Gallop, R. (2009). Prediction of response to medication and cognitive therapy in the treatment of moderate to severe depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , 77 (4), 775–787. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015401 Galovski, T. E., Nixon, R. D. V., & Kehle‐Forbes, S. (2024). Walking the line between fidelity and flexibility: A conceptual review of personalized approaches to manualized treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Traumatic Stress , jts.23073. https://doi.org/10.1002/jts.23073 Gardner, M. K., White, T. B., Packard, T., & Wampold, B. E. (1988). Counselor Recall of Specific Details: Implications for Counseling and Counselor Training. Counselor Education and Supervision , 28 (1), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1556-6978.1988.tb00786.x Goldstein, H. (2011). Multilevel statistical models . John Wily & Sons. Greenberger, D., & Padesky, C. A. (2015). Mind over mood: Change how you feel by changing the way you think . Guilford Publications. Harvey, A. G., Callaway, C. A., Zieve, G. G., Gumport, N. B., & Armstrong, C. C. (2022). Applying the Science of Habit Formation to Evidence-Based Psychological Treatments for Mental Illness. Perspectives on Psychological Science , 17 (2), 572–589. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691621995752 Harvey, A. G., Lee, J., Smith, R. L., Gumport, N. B., Hollon, S. D., Rabe-Hesketh, S., Hein, K., Dolsen, M. R., Hamen, K., Kanady, J. C., Thompson, M. A., & Abrons, D. (2016). Improving outcome for mental disorders by enhancing memory for treatment. Behaviour Research and Therapy , 81 (510), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2016.03.007 Harvey, A. G., Lee, J., Williams, J., Hollon, S. D., Walker, M. P., Thompson, M. A., & Smith, R. (2014). Improving Outcome of Psychosocial Treatments by Enhancing Memory and Learning. Perspectives on Psychological Science , 9 (2), 161–179. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691614521781 Hox, J, Moerbeek, M, & Van de Schoot, R. (2017). Multilevel analysis: Techniques and applications. (3rd ed.). Routledge. Lee, J., & Harvey, A. G. (2015). Memory for Therapy in Bipolar Disorder and Comorbid Insomnia. Journal of Consulting & Clinical Psychology , 83 (1), 92–102. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0037911.Memory Loftus, G. R., & Loftus, E. F. (2019). Human memory: The processing of information. In Psychology Press . Manber, R., Edinger, J. D., Gress, J. L., San Pedro-Salcedo, M. G., Kuo, T. F., & Kalista, T. (2008). Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia enhances depression outcome in patients with comorbid major depressive disorder and insomnia. Sleep , 31 (4), 489–495. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/31.4.489 McGraw, K. O., & Wong, S. P. (1996). Forming inferences about some intraclass correlation coefficients. Psychological Methods , 1 (1), 30–46. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.1.1.30 Murre, J. M. J., & Dros, J. (2015). Replication and analysis of Ebbinghaus’ forgetting curve. PLoS ONE , 10 (7), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0120644 Oberpriller, J, de Souza Liete, M, & Pichler, M. (2022). Fixed or random? On the reliability of mixed‐effects models for a small number of levels in grouping variables. Ecology and Evolution , 12 , e9062. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9062 Persons, J. B. & Talbot, L. S. (2019). An idiographic hypothesis-testing approach to psychotherapy: Using case formulation and progress monitoring to guide treatment. In Evidence-based practice in action: Bridging clinical science and intervention (pp. 187–200). The Guilford Press. R Core, T. (2016). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna, Austria: R Foundation for Statistical Computing [Computer software]. Raudenbush, S., & Bryk, A. (2002). Hierarchical linear models . SAGE Publications. Strohmer, D. C., Shivy, V. A., & Chiodo, A. L. (1990). Information Processing Strategies in Counselor Hypothesis Testing: The Role of Selective Memory and Expectancy. Journal of Counseling Psychology , 37 (4), 465–472. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.37.4.465 Trivedi, M. H., Rush, A. J., Ibrahim, H. M., Carmody, T. J., Biggs, M. M., Suppes, T., Crismon, M. L., Shores-Wilson, K., Toprac, M. G., Dennehy, E. B., Witte, B., & Kashner, T. M. (2004). The Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Clinician Rating (IDS-C) and Self-Report (IDS-SR), and the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Clinician Rating (QIDS-C) and Self-Report (QIDS-SR) in public sector patients with mood disorders: A psychometric evaluation. Psychological Medicine , 34 (1), 73–82. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291703001107 Üstün, T. B., Chatterji, S., Kostanjsek, N., Rehm, J., Kennedy, C., Epping-Jordan, J., Saxena, S., Von Korff, M., & Pull, C. (2010). Developing the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0. Bulletin of the World Health Organization , 88 (11), 815–823. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.09.067231 Vaz, A. M., Ferreira, L. I., Gelso, C., & Janeiro, L. (2024). The sister concepts of working alliance and real relationship: A meta-analysis. Counselling Psychology Quarterly , 37 (2), 247–268. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515070.2023.2205103 Webb, C. A., Keeley, J. W., & Eakin, D. K. (2016). Are Clinicians Better Than Lay Judges at Recalling Case Details? An Evaluation of Expert Memory. Journal of Clinical Psychology , 72 (4), 384–400. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22256 Tables Table 1. List of the Eight Memory Supports Strategy Definition Attention recruitment Directing attention to specific therapy points via emphasis or scaffolding Categorization Organizing therapy points into distinct categories Evaluation Reviewing the pros and cons of using a skill or adopting a belief Application Prompting the participant to describe how a treatment may be relevant to their individual life Repetition Repeating treatment points for emphasis Practice remembering Asking participants questions that prompt recall of treatment points Cue-based reminder Preemptively establishing cues to help participant remember to use a skill or consider a treatment point Praise recall Reinforcing correct recall of treatment points Table 2. Provider Demographics by Treatment Condition (CT-as-usual vs. CT+Memory Support) at Pre-Treatment CT-as-usual ( n = 10) CT+Memory Support ( n = 9) Therapist Characteristics n % n % χ 2 p -value Sex <0.001 0.00 Female 8 80.00 7 77.80 Male 2 20.00 2 22.20 Ethnicity 0.82 0.36 Hispanic or Latino 4 40.00 1 1.11 Not Hispanic or Latino 6 60.00 8 88.90 Race 1.99 0.74 American Indian/Alaska Native 1 10.00 0 0.00 Asian 2 20.00 1 11.10 African American or Black 1 10.00 1 11.10 White 3 30.00 5 55.60 Multi-Racial 3 30.00 2 22.20 Education 4.56 0.21 Some graduate school 9 90.00 6 66.70 Competed master’s degree 0 0.00 2 22.22 Graduate Training beyond master’s 1 10.00 0 0.00 Completed Doctorate 0 0.00 1 11.10 Area of Education/Field 5.10 0.17 Clinical Psychology 1 80.00 4 44.44 Social Work 8 10.00 5 55.56 Education/School Psychology 1 10.00 0 0.00 Mean SD Mean SD t p-value Age (years) 29.80 7.73 27.00 2.83 1.07 0.31 Number of patients treated 8.20 5.43 10.00 8.12 -0.56 0.58 Prior experience delivery CBT (years) 0.10 0.32 1.33 2 -1.83 0.10 Prior experience delivery treatment for depression (years) 1.25 1.59 1.78 2.17 -0.60 0.56 Table 3. Patient Demographics by Treatment Condition (CT-as-usual vs. CT+Memory Support) at Pre-Treatment CT-as-usual ( n = 88) CT+Memory Support ( n = 84) Patient Characteristics n % n % χ 2 p -value Sex 4.20 0.12 Female 49 55.68 59 70.24 Male 37 42.05 25 29.76 Missing/declined to answer 2 2.28 0 0.00 Ethnicity 1.00 0.60 Hispanic or Latino 14 15.91 15 17.86 Not Hispanic or Latino 71 80.68 68 80.95 Missing/declined to answer 3 3.41 1 1.19 10.33 0.10 Race American Indian/Alaska Native 0 0.00 1 1.19 Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander 1 1.14 0 0.00 Asian 11 12.50 15 17.86 African American or Black 1 1.14 5 5.95 White 51 57.95 52 61.90 Multi-Racial 23 26.14 10 11.90 Missing/declined to answer 1 1.14 1 1.19 Marital Status 3.30 0.19 Single 56 63.64 51 60.71 Married/Partnered 25 28.41 19 22.62 Divorced/Separated/Widowed 7 7.96 14 16.66 Employed 5.21 0.27 Full-time 34 38.64 29 34.52 Part-time 26 29.55 16 19.05 Unemployed 23 26.14 31 36.90 Retired 5 5.68 7 8.33 Missing/declined to answer 0 0.00 1 1.19 Income (Household) 3.01 0.70 =$60,000 29 32.95 28 3.33 Missing/declined to answer 26 29.55 21 25.00 Education 0.46 0.93 High school/vocational school 2 2.27 3 3.57 Some college 27 30.68 27 32.14 Completed college 26 29.55 22 26.10 Some graduate school/ completed graduate school 33 37.50 32 38.10 Mean SD Mean SD t p-value Age (years) 37.73 14.45 37.18 16.24 0.23 0.82 Table 4. Descriptive statistics for the predictor and patient outcomes CT-as-usual CT+Memory Support Predictor N M SD N M SD Therapist Cumulative Recall Mid 1 86 11.24 3.58 82 11.72 4.84 Mid 2 80 12.10 3.02 79 14.38 5.62 Mid 3 76 13.39 4.63 78 14.81 6.29 Post 76 14.07 4.99 80 16.46 7.41 Therapist Past Session Recall Mid 1 86 6.05 3.31 84 6.04 3.75 Mid 2 83 5.41 3.64 80 6.05 4.30 Mid 3 79 5.89 3.79 81 5.79 4.32 Post 81 6.68 4.30 80 10.53 6.54 Outcome N M SD N M SD IDS-SR Pre-treatment 88 39.59 7.61 84 38.40 18.16 Post 81 17.58 12.20 78 16.91 17.07 6FU 81 20.31 12.43 83 17.39 18.83 12FU 75 20.92 12.51 78 19.51 17.90 WHODAS Pre-treatment 88 48.22 18.16 84 45.55 16.19 Post 81 25.17 17.07 77 23.31 16.26 6FU 80 25.91 18.83 83 23.35 15.55 12FU 75 23.77 17.90 79 23.23 17.77 Table 5. Coefficient estimates from multilevel models of IDS-SR and WHODADS for the effect of Therapist Cumulative and Past-Session Recall Model 1: Cumulative Recall on IDS-SR Random Effects Variance SD Patient 71.16 8.44 Residual 43.20 6.57 Fixed Effects b SE p 95% CI Cumulative Recall Pre-treatment to post-treatment 0.79 0.68 0.25 [-0.54, 2.12] Pre-treatment to 6FU 0.67 0.68 0.33 [-0.66, 2.00] Pre-treatment to 12 FU 0.58 0.69 0.40 [-0.77, 1.93] Cumulative Recall x Treatment Condition Pre-treatment to post-treatment -3.43 0.82 < 0.001 [-5.04, -1.83] Pre-treatment to 6FU -2.72 0.82 < 0.001 [-4.31, -1.12] Pre-treatment to 12 FU -1.02 0.83 0.22 [-2.65, 0.60] Model 2: Past-Session Recall on IDS-SR Random Effects Variance SD Patient 71.66 8.50 Residual 43.59 6.60 Fixed Effects b SE p 95% CI Past-Session Recall Pre-treatment to post-treatment 0.47 0.64 0.46 [-0.77, 1.72] Pre-treatment to 6FU -0.35 0.64 0.57 [-1.60, 0.89] Pre-treatment to 12 FU -0.54 0.66 0.41 [-1.83, 0.74] Past-Session Recall x Treatment Condition Pre-treatment to post-treatment -1.38 0.78 0.08 [-2.91, 0.16] Pre-treatment to 6FU -0.63 0.78 0.42 [-2.15, 0.91] Pre-treatment to 12 FU -0.87 0.81 0.28 [0.71, 2.45] Model 3: Cumulative Recall on WHODAS Random Effects Variance SD Patient 192.20 13.86 Residual 109.20 10.45 Fixed Effects b SE p 95% CI Cumulative Recall Pre-treatment to post-treatment 0.74 1.09 0.49 [-1.38, 2.86] Pre-treatment to 6FU -1.84 1.08 0.09 [-3.99, 0.28] Pre-treatment to 12 FU -3.09 1.12 <0.01 [-5.27, -0.91] Cumulative Recall x Treatment Condition Pre-treatment to post-treatment -2.30 1.31 0.08 [-4.85, 0.26] Pre-treatment to 6FU -0.34 1.30 0.79 [-2.88, 2.19] Pre-treatment to 12 FU 3.11 1.33 0.02 [0.51, 5.70] Model 4: Past-Session on WHODAS Random Effects Variance SD Patient 195.00 13.97 Residual 109.60 10.47 Fixed Effects b SE p 95% CI Past-Session Recall Pre-treatment to post-treatment 0.45 1.00 0.66 [-1.52, 2.42] Pre-treatment to 6FU -1.57 1.00 0.12 [-3.54, 0.39] Pre-treatment to 12 FU -2.68 1.05 0.01 [-4.72, -0.63] Past-Session Recall x Treatment Condition Pre-treatment to post-treatment -0.70 1.25 0.58 [-3.14, 1.74] Pre-treatment to 6FU 0.90 1.24 0.47 [-1.52, 3.33] Pre-treatment to 12 FU 2.26 1.28 0.08 [-0.24, 4.75] Note. IDS-SR = Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Self-Report; WHODAS = World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule. Additional Declarations The authors declare potential competing interests as follows: Allison G. Harvey has received research support from the National Institutes of Health and book royalties from the American Psychological Association, Guilford Press, and Oxford University Press. Catherine A. Callaway has received research support from the National Institutes of Health. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-9152769","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":607874065,"identity":"f2e19267-17f8-46d5-9d64-d1f95f2a6fad","order_by":0,"name":"Catherine A Callaway","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Stanford University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Catherine","middleName":"A","lastName":"Callaway","suffix":""},{"id":607874066,"identity":"3e0aa7a6-4e7c-4ad1-a64e-4223766a0053","order_by":1,"name":"Anne E Milner","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Anne","middleName":"E","lastName":"Milner","suffix":""},{"id":607874067,"identity":"47dcbb59-11b6-4caf-8001-0a70b83803a8","order_by":2,"name":"Garret G Zieve","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Oakland Cognitive Behavior Therapy Center, CA","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Garret","middleName":"G","lastName":"Zieve","suffix":""},{"id":607874068,"identity":"5c12e566-fdf8-4b15-86fc-5e928f7c41dd","order_by":3,"name":"Leighann Ashlock","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Leighann","middleName":"","lastName":"Ashlock","suffix":""},{"id":607874069,"identity":"8ee78a23-fc72-4965-9850-3a7b8074d95b","order_by":4,"name":"Allison G Harvey","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA8klEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACCQglZ8DAwMzAUADmGBClxRiixYAELYkbiNbCP7v52WeeisPp29l7Hxt8MLBJbGBv3iaB15I7x4xn85w5nLuz57hx4gyDtMQGnmNleLUw3EgwZpzZdjh3w4005sM8BocTGyRyzPBqkb+R/plx5r/D6Qb3nzEf/mPwP7FB/g1+LQY3cowZPjYcTjC4wcaczGBwAGgLD34thjdyihk+HEs33NmTxmzYY5Bs3MaTVmyBT4vcjfTNDAk11vLm7MeYJX5U2Mn2sx/eeAOfFihohrMc24hQDgJ1cJY9kTpGwSgYBaNgBAEAwaNKI6p4VlIAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Allison","middleName":"G","lastName":"Harvey","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2026-03-17 22:27:26","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":true,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":true,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":true,"humanSubjectConsent":true,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":true,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9152769/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9152769/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":104999490,"identity":"9e864744-0c61-4ffa-805b-e433b2e6caed","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-19 16:34:08","extension":"png","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":126933,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eThe effect of therapist recall on patient outcomes at pre-treatment, post-treatment, 6FU, and 12FU by treatment condition (CT-as-usual versus CT+Memory Support). a) cumulative recall on IDS-SR, b) past session recall on IDS-SR, c) cumulative recall on WHODAS, d) past session recall on WHODAS. \u003cem\u003eNote. \u003c/em\u003e\u003cu\u003eBoth cumulative and past session recall were scaled, resulting in a range from -1 to 1.\u003c/u\u003e\u003cem\u003e \u003c/em\u003eCT = Cognitive Therapy, MS = Memory Support, PRE = pre-treatment, POST = post-treatment, 6FU = 6-month follow-up, 12FU = 12-month follow-up. IDS-SR = Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report, WHODAS = World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"1.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9152769/v1/55fbfa7b0e42a9cbc55c6c99.png"},{"id":105035319,"identity":"88d70b2a-c846-467b-bec8-23ef7399587e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-03-20 07:25:51","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1860289,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-9152769/v1/7aab1d8d-73c6-457f-b672-6ee743d45136.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare potential competing interests as follows: Allison G. Harvey has received research support from the National Institutes of Health and book royalties from the American Psychological Association, Guilford Press, and Oxford University Press. Catherine A. Callaway has received research support from the National Institutes of Health. All other authors declare that they have no competing interests. ","formattedTitle":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTherapist Memory for Treatment Contents: Implications for Patient Outcomes\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eTherapist memory for the delivery of treatment content is unlikely to be optimal, particularly in the delivery of evidence-based psychological treatments (EBPTs).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEBPT therapy sessions are typically long and cover complex information, which requires therapists to keep track of different sources of information (e.g., symptoms, case formulation, and content discussed in previous sessions). Therapists also carry a large caseload (Bailey et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2021\u003c/span\u003e), which means therapists must remember this information across many different clients. More generally, human memory has a limited capacity and is fallible (Camos, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e; Loftus \u0026amp; Loftus, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR22\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e). Together, these factors make it plausible that therapists may not consistently retain and recall key treatment information from one session to the next.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe limitations of therapist memory may have potential implications for patient outcomes. We offer three key elements of the therapy process that may be implicated, all of which must be subject to further empirical investigation. First, the therapeutic alliance depends in part on consensus between the therapist and patient on the goals and tasks of therapy throughout the therapy course (Vaz et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e), which may benefit from better therapist memory of treatment sessions. For example, one study found that when therapist recall of session contents was more accurate, participants\u0026rsquo; perceptions of the therapist were significantly more favorable (Gardner et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1988\u003c/span\u003e). Second, an individualized case conceptualization requires careful encoding and retention of the patient\u0026rsquo;s idiosyncratic data of the course of treatment on the part of the therapist, as it is (a) iteratively adapted as sessions unfold and new information becomes available and (b) individualized to each patient\u0026rsquo;s history and presenting problem (Galovski et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e). Given that case conceptualization guides intervention selection and treatment planning for many EBPTs (Persons \u0026amp; Talbot, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e), strong therapist recall may be crucial for diagnostic judgments, development and testing of case formulations, treatment planning, and selection of therapeutic strategies (Brailey et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2001\u003c/span\u003e; Strohmer et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1990\u003c/span\u003e; Webb et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e). Lastly, repetition of key treatment points is key to lasting change in patient behavior. Thus, if a therapist cannot recall key treatment points and provide the repetition necessary to promote habit formation in their patients, the potential for sustained treatment outcomes may be limited (Harvey et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e). These three key elements may be strengthened when therapists retain and recall treatment points and session information; therapy improves treatment delivery and subsequently patient outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eImportantly, therapist memory for treatment is modifiable. There is research documenting that memory encoding and retention can be markedly improved via the application of memory support strategies. Harvey et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e) sought to harness these strategies to engage \u003cem\u003epatient\u003c/em\u003e memory for EBPTs via the Memory Support Intervention. The goal of the Memory Support Intervention is to increase patient memory for key treatment points, with the goal of improving treatment adherence and outcomes. A treatment point is defined as an insight, skill, or strategy that the therapist thinks is important for the patient to remember and/or implement as part of the treatment (Lee \u0026amp; Harvey, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e). Although the Memory Support Intervention is delivered to enhance patient memory, it may also strengthen therapist memory. Specifically, delivering memory support strategies requires the therapist to also highlight and repeat treatment content to the patient, which is likely to strengthen the therapist\u0026rsquo;s own encoding and later retrieval of the same material. Indeed, evidence suggests that the Memory Support Intervention also improves \u003cem\u003etherapist\u003c/em\u003e memory for key treatment points, such that therapist memory improved in the CT+Memory Support condition, relative to the CT-as-usual (Callaway et al., submitted).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn the current study, we focus on two distinct measures of therapist recall, namely, past-session and cumulative recall for treatment points, which are defined as \u0026ldquo;insights, skills, or strategies that you [the therapist] think are important for your patient to remember and/or implement as a part of treatment.\u0026rdquo; Past-session recall refers to the therapist's memory of treatment points from the immediately preceding session, whereas cumulative recall reflects memory for treatment points across the full course of therapy to date (cumulative recall). These forms of recall may influence outcomes through different mechanisms. Prior-session recall could support the reinforcement of key treatment points, and alignment and goals from session-to-session. In contrast, cumulative recall may be more closely aligned with individualized case formulation and integration of skills over time, which may strengthen the therapeutic alliance over time. Therefore, cumulative recall may be particularly relevant for tailoring and improving treatment, which may further sustain patient outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe present study was designed to evaluate whether therapist recall predicts patient outcomes in the context of a randomized trial comparing cognitive therapy plus memory support (CT+Memory Support) to cognitive therapy as usual (CT-as-usual) in adults diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). Specifically, we examined whether therapist recall predicted changes in patient outcomes (depression symptom severity and functional impairment) from pre-treatment (PRE) to post-treatment (POST), and whether any improvements are sustained to follow-up time points at 6-month follow-up (6FU), and 12-month follow-up (12FU). We also examined whether these effects are moderated by treatment condition (CT-as-usual vs. CT+Memory Support). We hypothesize that better therapist recall will be associated with improved patient outcomes. Furthermore, we expect this relationship to be stronger in the CT+Memory Support condition relative to CT-as-usual. As the Memory Support Intervention is expected to enhance encoding of key treatment points, it may strengthen therapist recall in ways that directly support the therapeutic alliance and individualized case conceptualization. As a result, variability in therapist recall in the CT+Memory Support condition may translate more strongly to patient improvement.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Method","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudy Overview and Participants\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eData for the current study were drawn from a randomized controlled trial (NCT02938559) funded by the National Institute for Mental Health (R01MH108657; Dong et al., 2022). Adults who met criteria for major depressive disorder (\u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e = 178) were randomly assigned in a 1:1 parallel group design to CT+Memory Support (\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e = 87) or CT-as-usual (\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e = 91). Randomization was stratified by age (\u0026le; 49, 50+) and depression chronicity (\u0026lt; 2 yrs, \u0026ge; 2 yrs; Fournier et al., 2009). Additional details about the eligibility and procedures for the trial are described elsewhere (Dong et al., 2022). Six participants were excluded from the present study because they were missing at least one of the key measures at all timepoints, leaving 172 participants treated by 19 therapists (88 CT+Memory Support, 84 CT-as-usual) included in these analyses. The 19 therapists treated an average of 9.05 patients (\u003cem\u003eSD\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 6.70, range = 1 to 25). All participants provided informed consent to participate. This study received approval from the University of California, Berkeley, Committee for the Protection of Human Subjects.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTreatments\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTreatment was administered by a licensed therapist or graduate students in social work or clinical psychology. Both CT+Memory Support and CT-as-usual were comprised of 20 to 26, 50-minute sessions conducted over 16 weeks. Patients received twice-weekly sessions for weeks 1-4, one to two sessions per week for weeks 5-10, and once-weekly sessions for weeks 11-16. All sessions were video recorded. To help ensure purity of delivery (Manber et al., 2008), each therapist was randomly allocated to deliver only one of the two treatment conditions, and only those therapists in the CT+Memory Support condition were trained to deliver memory support strategies (see below). For both treatment conditions, therapists delivered CT according to an identical protocol and received weekly supervision to standardize treatment administration. Weekly supervision was conducted separately for therapists in each condition, except that all therapists attended monthly master classes with a licensed therapist.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eCT-as-usual\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCT was developed by Beck (1979) and has incorporated several innovations (Beck, 1995; Bennett-Levy et al., 2004). Treatment strategies are designed to identify, reality test, and correct distorted beliefs and information processing (Beck, 1979). CT for major depressive disorder was conducted according to the standard manuals (Beck, 1979; Beck, 2011; Greenberger \u0026amp; Padesky, 2015). Patients were also given a copy of a CT self-help book (Greenberger \u0026amp; Padesky, 2015). \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eCT+Memory Support\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Memory Support Intervention is a manualized adjunctive treatment designed to be delivered alongside CT-as-usual. Therapists in the CT+Memory Support condition were trained to deliver strategies from the Memory Support Intervention and were instructed to incorporate these strategies as much as possible during sessions. The Memory Support Intervention is comprised of eight memory promoting strategies, with four constructive and four non-constructive strategies (see Table 1). These strategies are proactively, strategically, and intensively integrated into treatment-as-usual to support memory encoding. Memory support was delivered alongside each \u0026lsquo;treatment point\u0026rsquo;, defined as a main idea, principle, or experience that the therapist wants the patient to remember or implement as part of the treatment (Lee \u0026amp; Harvey, 2015). We acknowledge that several recommended practices within CT-as-usual may function as memory support strategies (e.g., providing regular capsule summaries may function as repetition). Thus, there was also some level of memory support delivered in the CT-as-usual condition. However, as described previously (Dong et al., 2022), therapists in CT+Memory Support delivered significantly more memory support, as well as a greater number of different types of memory support strategies, compared to therapists in CT-as-usual.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMeasures\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to therapist and patient demographics, the following measures were collected.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eTherapist Measures\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTherapist Recall Task.\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003eTherapist memory for treatment was measured using the Therapist Recall Task (TRT), a variation of the Patient Recall Task (PRT; Lee \u0026amp; Harvey, 2015). The TRT is a free recall measure of therapist memory, during which therapists are given a sheet of paper and asked to take 10 minutes to recall as many distinct treatment points as they can from the immediately preceding session and all the sessions they have had thus far up until the time of the assessment (\u0026ldquo;cumulative recall\u0026rdquo;) as well as from the immediately preceding session only (\u0026ldquo;past session recall\u0026rdquo;). Treatment points are defined for therapists as \u0026ldquo;insights, skills, or strategies that you [the therapist] think are important for your patient to remember and/or implement as a part of treatment.\u0026rdquo; Examples of therapist treatment points include \u0026ldquo;thoughts, behaviors, and physiology affect our mood\u0026rdquo; and \u0026ldquo;thinking traps include black and white thinking.\u0026rdquo; The overall number of treatment points recalled was coded by a trained coding team using a scoring rubric developed in a previous study (Lee \u0026amp; Harvey, 2015). According to the rubric, recall responses must be consistent with CT to count towards the overall total. The raw number of treatment points recalled by the therapist are then summed. If a therapist writes the same idea more than once, one point is awarded to the group of responses. To assess inter-rater reliability, each member of the coding team individually coded the number of treatment points from 10% of TRT tasks collected (reflecting a total of 69 TRT tasks). Interrater reliability was excellent according to a two-way mixed effects, consistency, single rater intraclass correlation (n = 69, ICC = 0.93, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; .001) (McGraw \u0026amp; Wong, 1996). Therapists completed the TRT immediately following sessions that occurred during weeks 4, 8, and 12 and the final session, to capture therapist memory throughout treatment and following all treatment sessions.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ePatient Outcome Measures\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo limit the number of comparisons, one patient outcome measure was selected from the parent study (NCT02938559) for each domain (course of illness, functional impairment) to include in the present analyses. A rationale for measure selection is provided below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCourse of illness.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThe Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report (IDS-SR) \u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e(Trivedi et al., 2004)\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003ewas used to measure the course of illness. The IDS-SR is a 30-item scale used to measure depression severity. Each item is rated on a 4-point scale ranging from 0 (symptom is not present) to 3 (strongest impairment). Items were summed with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms. The IDS-SR has demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach\u0026rsquo;s \u003cimg width=\"1\" height=\"1\" src=\"https://myfiles.space/user_files/58895_8739fc6c57c1c19a/58895_custom_files/img177391883937.png\" alt=\"image\"\u003e\u0026alpha; = 0.92 to 0.93) (Trivedi et al., 2004),\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eand internal consistency estimates for the current sample were high across all timepoints (Cronbach\u0026rsquo;s \u003cimg width=\"1\" height=\"1\" src=\"https://myfiles.space/user_files/58895_8739fc6c57c1c19a/58895_custom_files/img177391883993.png\" alt=\"image\"\u003e\u0026alpha; = 0.75 to 0.93). We selected the continuous score of the IDS-SR for the present analyses, as opposed to binary outcome measures (e.g., remission, relapse), as it provides a wider range of possible courses of illness in response to treatment. \u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFunctional Impairment.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThe World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) (\u0026Uuml;st\u0026uuml;n et al., 2010) is a 36-item scale used to assess difficulty in specific areas of functioning from the past 30 days. Items are scored on a 5-point scale from 1 (\u0026lsquo;none\u0026rsquo;) to 5 (\u0026lsquo;extreme or cannot do\u0026rsquo;). Summary scores of the WHODAS were derived based on simple scoring instruction (\u0026Uuml;st\u0026uuml;n et al., 2010). Higher scores indicate greater disability. The WHODAS has demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach\u0026rsquo;s \u003cimg width=\"1\" height=\"1\" src=\"https://myfiles.space/user_files/58895_8739fc6c57c1c19a/58895_custom_files/img1773918840.png\" alt=\"image\"\u003e\u0026alpha; = 0.86) and test-retest reliability (\u0026Uuml;st\u0026uuml;n et al., 2010). Internal consistency estimates for the current sample were high across all timepoints (Cronbach\u0026rsquo;s \u003cimg width=\"1\" height=\"1\" src=\"https://myfiles.space/user_files/58895_8739fc6c57c1c19a/58895_custom_files/img1773918839.png\" alt=\"image\"\u003e\u0026alpha; = 0.92 to 0.94). We selected the WHODAS as it was the primary outcome measure for functional impairment used in the parent study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eData Analysis\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne to six percent of data was missing across measures for participants included in the following analyses. Maximum likelihood (ML) estimation method was used with missing data assumed Missing at Random (MAR). All data analyses were conducted in R (R Core Team, 2016). For the continuous outcome measures (IDS-SR, WHODAS), multilevel modeling was used to evaluate the effect of therapist cumulative recall and past session recall on outcome measures post-treatment, 6FU, and 12FU (with pre-treatment as reference) by treatment condition (Goldstein, 2011; Hox, et al., 2017; Raudenbush \u0026amp; Bryk, 2002). All continuous predictor variables (i.e., IDS-SR, WHODAS, therapist recall) and covariates were z-scored to improve model convergence and improve interpretation of the coefficients. The first level represents within-person (patient-level) variation and includes time indicators (or dummy variables) as predictors (post-treatment, 6FU, 12FU, with pre-treatment as the reference). The second level represents between-person variation in the intercepts and coefficients and includes treatment condition (CT+Memory support, CT-as-usual as reference) and therapist cumulative recall or therapist past-session recall as a continuous predictor variable. Therapist recall was modeled at the patient level. Although therapists contributed multiple observations per patient, these observations were collapsed into a single therapist-recall score per patient. We initially specified a nested random-effects structure with patients nested within therapists. However, these models were singular (therapist intercept variance = 0), indicating negligible between-therapist variance or an insufficient number of therapists to estimate this variance reliably. Therefore, therapist-level random effects were excluded, and the final models only retained the patient random intercept. The following therapist baseline characteristics were included as covariates, as they may account for variations in treatment delivery: age, years of education, prior CBT experience, and number of patients treated. In addition, patient recall was also included as a covariate as patient recall has previously been shown to be improved in the CT+Memory Support condition, relative to CT-as-usual (Dong et al., 2022). Pairwise comparisons using the emmeans package in R were used to follow up on significant interactions. The Benjamini-Hochberg procedure (Benjamini \u0026amp; Hochberg, 1995) was used to correct for multiple comparisons for the follow-up tests using a 5% false discovery rate. An alpha level of 0.05 was used.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTransparency and Openness\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll research materials, data, and analysis code are available from the authors upon request. This study was not pre-registered. We report all data exclusions, all manipulations, and all measures in the study.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003eDemographic variables for therapists are presented in Table 2 and for patients in Table 3. Table 4 displays the descriptive statistics for all measures included in the present analyses at each timepoint. Table 5 reports the multilevel modeling results for therapist cumulative recall and past-session recall on the changes in IDS-SR and WHODAS scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment, 6FU, and 12FU. This table includes both the random effect estimates and the fixed effects for the two primary interactions of interest: (1) the two-way interaction between therapist recall and timepoint indicators, which examines whether the association between therapist recall and patient outcome changes over time, and (2) the three-way interaction between therapist recall, timepoint indicators, and treatment condition (CT-as-usual versus CT+Memory Support), which test whether the two-way interaction effect differs by treatment condition. A total of four models are reported below, as the two outcome measures are analyzed with the two distinct types of therapist recall as predictors in separate models.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIDS-SR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwo separate multilevel models were used to assess the effects of therapist cumulative recall and therapist past session recall on the magnitude of symptom change, as indexed by the IDS-SR from pre-treatment to post-treatment, to 6FU, and to 12FU by treatment condition.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eCumulative Recall\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere was no significant effect of therapist cumulative recall on change in patient IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to any of the follow-up timepoints (all \u003cem\u003ep\u0026rsquo;s\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026gt; 0.05).\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eHowever, there was a significant interaction between therapist cumulative recall and treatment condition on the change in patient IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -3.43, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 0.82, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; 0.001; see Figure 1a). Pairwise comparisons revealed that better therapist cumulative recall was associated with improved patient depressive symptoms from pre-treatment to post-treatment in the CT+Memory Support condition (\u003cem\u003et\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= -5.78, \u003cem\u003eSE\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 15.08, \u003cem\u003ep\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt; 0.001) but not the CT-as-usual condition (\u003cem\u003et\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 1.16, \u003cem\u003eSE\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 16.37, \u003cem\u003ep\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 0.40). There was also a significant interaction between therapist cumulative recall and treatment condition on the change in patient IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to 6FU (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -2.72, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 0.82, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; 0.001) that followed a similar pattern, such that better therapist cumulative recall was associated with improved patient depressive symptoms from pre-treatment to 6FU in the CT+Memory Support condition (\u003cem\u003et\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= -4.57, \u003cem\u003eSE\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 14.81, \u003cem\u003ep\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt; 0.001) but not the CT-as-usual condition (\u003cem\u003et\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 0.98, \u003cem\u003eSE\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 16.36, \u003cem\u003ep\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 0.40). There was no significant interaction between therapist cumulative recall and treatment condition on IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to 12FU (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -1.02, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 0.83, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.22), suggesting that the benefits of improved cumulative memory recall in the CT+Memory Support condition were no longer observed at 12FU.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ePast Session Recall\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere was no significant effect of therapist past-session recall on change in patient IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to any of the follow-up timepoints (all \u003cem\u003ep\u0026rsquo;s\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026gt; 0.05).\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003eThere were also no significant interactions between therapist past-session recall and treatment condition on the change in patient IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -1.38, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 0.78, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.08; see Figure 1b), to 6FU (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -0.63, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 0.78, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.42), or to 12FU (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -0.87, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 0.81, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.28), suggesting that improved therapist past-session recall did not affect depressive symptoms.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWHODAS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwo separate multilevel models were used to assess the effects of therapist cumulative recall and therapist past session recall on functional impairment as measured by the WHODAS from pre-treatment to post-treatment, to 6FU, and to 12FU by treatment condition.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eCumulative Recall\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere was no significant effect of therapist cumulative recall on change in patient IDS-SR scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = 0.74, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 1.09, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.49) or to 6FU (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -1.84, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 1.08, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.09). There was a significant effect of therapist cumulative recall on WHODAS scores from pre-treatment to 12FU (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -3.09, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 1.12, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e \u0026lt; 0.01; see Figure 1c); this effect was such that improved therapist cumulative recall was associated with improved WHODAS scores from pre-treatment to 12FU. However, this effect was superseded by a higher order interaction with treatment condition (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = 3.11, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 1.33, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.02), that indicated that the effect of therapist cumulative recall was significant in the CT-as-usual condition (\u003cem\u003et\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= -2.78, \u003cem\u003eSE\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= -26.77, \u003cem\u003ep\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 0.02) but not in the CT+Memory Support condition (\u003cem\u003et\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 0.68, \u003cem\u003eSE\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 23.83, \u003cem\u003ep\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 0.98).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ePast Session Recall\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere was no significant effect of therapist past-session recall on change in patient WHODAS scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = 0.45, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 1.00, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.66), or to 6FU (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -1.57, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 1.00, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.12). However, there was a significant effect of therapist past-session recall on the change in WHODAS scores from pre-treatment to 12FU (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -2.67, \u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e = 1.05, \u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e = 0.01; see Figure 1d), which indicated that improved therapist past-session recall was associated with improved WHODAS scores from pre-treatment to 12FU. There was also no significant interaction between therapist past-session recall and treatment condition on change in patient WHODAS scores from pre-treatment through all follow-up timepoints (all \u003cem\u003ep\u0026rsquo;s\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u0026gt; 0.05).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eThe overarching goal of this paper was to continue progressing knowledge of the relationship between therapist memory and patient outcomes. Specifically, this study sought to evaluate if therapist recall of treatment contents predicts patient outcomes. This is an important line of inquiry because the limitations of therapist memory are significant (e.g. Webb et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR34\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e) and may adversely impact treatment outcome (e.g. Brailey et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR8\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2001\u003c/span\u003e; Strohmer et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR30\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1990\u003c/span\u003e). Furthermore, therapist memory for treatment contents is modifiable (Callaway et al., submitted; Harvey et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2014\u003c/span\u003e) and may offer a possible intervention target to better patient outcomes across various EBPTs (pantreatment) and diagnoses (transdiagnostic).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe context for the present study was a randomized trial in which therapists delivered CT to adults diagnosed with MDD. Our aim was to examine whether therapist recall predicted patient outcomes at post-treatment (POST), 6-month follow-up (6FU), and 12-month follow-up (12FU), controlling for pre-treatment levels of each patient outcome measure (PRE), and whether this relationship was moderated by treatment condition. Patient outcomes were defined as depression symptom severity and functional impairment. We hypothesized that better therapist recall would predict improved patient outcomes, and that these effects would be moderated by treatment condition.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe relationship between therapist recall and patient depression symptom severity was observed primarily in the CT+Memory Support condition. Specifically, better cumulative recall was associated with greater improvements in patient depression symptom severity from pre-treatment to post-treatment and 6FU, but these improvements were not retained at 12FU. However, better therapist past session recall was not associated with improved depression severity from pre-treatment to any follow-up timepoints. In the CT-as-usual condition, better therapist cumulative recall was associated with improvements in patient functional impairment from pre-treatment to 12FU. Across both treatment conditions, better therapist past session recall was associated with improved patient functional impairment from pre-treatment to 12FU. In sum, three of twelve total comparisons examining the cumulative recall by treatment condition by timepoint interaction across both patient outcome measures and both types of recall were statistically significant in the hypothesized direction. Upon inspecting the beta values for nonsignificant findings, six of the nine remaining comparisons were in the hypothesized direction. Taken together, these results offer a promising preliminary signal that better therapist memory holds potential to improve patient outcomes. Interestingly, most significant findings indicated that therapist memory had a greater effect on patient outcomes in the CT+Memory Support condition relative to the CT-as-usual. This aligns with preliminary evidence showing that the Memory Support Intervention improves therapist memory for key treatment points, which subsequently improves patient outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe relationship between therapist memory and patient outcomes could be due to many factors. We offer three key elements of the therapy process that may be implicated, all of which must be subject to empirical investigation. First, the therapeutic alliance depends in part on consensus between the therapist and patient on the goals and tasks of therapy throughout the therapy course (Vaz et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR33\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e), which may benefit from better therapist memory of treatment sessions. Second, an individualized case conceptualization requires careful encoding and retention of the patient\u0026rsquo;s idiosyncratic data of the course of treatment on the part of the therapist, as it is (a) iteratively adapted as sessions unfold and new information becomes available and (b) individualized to each patient\u0026rsquo;s history and presenting problem (Galovski et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2024\u003c/span\u003e). Given that case conceptualization guides intervention selection and treatment planning for many EBPTs (Persons \u0026amp; Talbot, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR27\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2019\u003c/span\u003e), strong therapist recall may be crucial for selecting an appropriate course of therapy and making necessary adjustments throughout. Lastly, there is a growing focus on applying the science of habit formation to EBPTs to improve and sustain treatment outcomes (Harvey et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2022\u003c/span\u003e). A core element of forming a new habit or disrupting an unwanted habit (typically behaviors or thought patterns in a therapy context) is repetition. For the therapist to sufficiently repeat the key treatment points that are central to each patient\u0026rsquo;s goals, the therapist must first recall these points across sessions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eInterestingly, results across both patient outcome measures appear to be stronger for the impact of therapist cumulative recall compared to therapist past session recall. It is possible that therapist cumulative recall, meaning recall across the entire course of treatment for a given patient, is more central for optimizing patient outcomes compared to therapist recall of each individual session. In other words, the therapist\u0026rsquo;s ability to remember specific details of a single session may be less important than their ability to remember and integrate patient information over multiple sessions. The key responsibilities of a therapist (planning treatment, selecting therapeutic strategies, developing and testing case formulations, building a strong rapport with the patient) require recognizing patterns that may not be obvious from individual sessions alone. Another explanation for this pattern of findings is that there may have been a ceiling effect for therapist past session recall, reducing variability across therapists and limiting our ability to detect an effect. Indeed, past session recall likely did not tax therapist memory nearly to the same extent as cumulative recall. While cumulative recall required therapists to remember at least two (and up to 24) sessions spanning weeks or months prior, past session recall required therapists to remember only a single session which occurred mere minutes prior. A significant amount of forgetting occurs within an hour of learning new material (Murre \u0026amp; Dros, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR25\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e). Therefore, the timing of the past session recall may have occurred too close to the session being recalled for it to challenge memory enough to reveal significant differences among therapists. Future studies might consider delivering the Therapist Recall Task several hours or a day after the patient session of interest to ensure both past session and cumulative recall are sensitive to variations in therapists\u0026rsquo; memory functioning.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study has several limitations. First, the Therapist Recall Task prompts therapists to recall treatment points that they deem important for the patient to remember (see Measures). Additional research is needed to clarify the content most relevant for therapists to remember to optimize patient outcomes. Second, the accuracy of the points therapists recalled is unknown. Third, the scoring rubric for the Therapist Recall Task (one point for each treatment point recalled), assumes that all treatment points are equally significant. While this counting method in a similar task shows evidence of reliability and validity (Harvey et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2016\u003c/span\u003e; Lee \u0026amp; Harvey, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2015\u003c/span\u003e), there may be important differences in the quality, importance, or impact of recalled treatment points (Dong et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Fourth, no cut-off score or benchmark has been identified for the Therapist Recall Task to designate a therapist\u0026rsquo;s recall of treatment contents as sufficient to support patient outcomes, but rather assumes that the more the therapist remembers, the better. It is possible there is a point of diminishing return regarding the number of treatment points recalled. Fifth, the number of therapist treatment points recalled may serve as a proxy for the number of insights, skills, or strategies implemented by the therapist. However, a key point is that this is likely to be more greatly related to past-session recall, which measures recall for treatment points delivered in the prior session. In contrast, cumulative recall, which had the greatest impact on patient outcomes, would not directly translate to dosage in each session, as it reflects the therapist's memory for treatment points delivered throughout treatment. Cumulative recall may better reflect individualized case formulation and integration of skills over time, which may strengthen the therapeutic alliance over time and improve treatment delivery. Sixth, this study only examined one type of therapist memory: long-term memory. As new information must pass through short-term memory before being encoded in long-term memory (Baddeley \u0026amp; Hitch, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1974\u003c/span\u003e), optimizing the functioning of both types of therapist memory is likely important for patient outcomes. It would be valuable to disentangle the differential effects of these types of therapist memory on patient outcomes in future studies. Finally, although the current analyses ruled out the confounding effects of therapist experience and education, there may be other unmeasured variables related to therapist characteristics that may have influenced patient outcomes, such as therapist engagement and intelligence. Further research is warranted to test these possibilities and to substantiate the relationship between therapist memory and patient outcomes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, these results provide preliminary evidence to support a relationship between therapist memory and patient outcomes. Importantly, this relationship was moderated by treatment condition (CT+Memory Support vs. CT-as-usual), suggesting that this relationship was notably stronger when therapists received memory support. Therapist memory functioning over the course of treatment may have a stronger relationship with patient outcomes than memory functioning immediately following each session. Future research is needed to substantiate these findings and investigate ways to optimize therapist memory for treatment.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003ch2\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis study was funded by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH; R01MH108657). Catherine A. Callaway\u0026rsquo;s work on this paper was supported by the NIMH (R01MH120147).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBaddeley, A. D., \u0026amp; Hitch, G. (1974). Working memory. In G. Bower (Ed.), \u003cem\u003eThe psychology of learning and motivation\u003c/em\u003e. New York: Academic Press.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBailey, R. J., Erekson, D. M., Goates-Jones, M., Andes, R. M., \u0026amp; Snell, A. N. (2021). Busy Therapists: Examining Caseload as a Potential Factor in Outcome. \u003cem\u003ePsychological Services\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e18\u003c/em\u003e(4), 574\u0026ndash;583. https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000462\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBeck, A. T. (1979). \u003cem\u003eCognitive therapy of depression\u003c/em\u003e. Guilford Press.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBeck, J. S. (1995). \u003cem\u003eCognitive therapy: Basics and beyond\u003c/em\u003e. Guilford Press.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBeck, J. S. 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The sister concepts of working alliance and real relationship: A meta-analysis. \u003cem\u003eCounselling Psychology Quarterly\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e37\u003c/em\u003e(2), 247\u0026ndash;268. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515070.2023.2205103\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWebb, C. A., Keeley, J. W., \u0026amp; Eakin, D. K. (2016). Are Clinicians Better Than Lay Judges at Recalling Case Details? An Evaluation of Expert Memory. \u003cem\u003eJournal of Clinical Psychology\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e72\u003c/em\u003e(4), 384\u0026ndash;400. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.22256\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003ctable border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 799px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 1. List of the Eight Memory Supports\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 163px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStrategy\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 636px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDefinition\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 163px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAttention recruitment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 636px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eDirecting attention to specific therapy points via emphasis or scaffolding\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 163px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCategorization\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 636px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eOrganizing therapy points into distinct categories\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 163px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eEvaluation\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 636px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReviewing the pros and cons of using a skill or adopting a belief\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 163px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eApplication\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 636px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePrompting the participant to describe how a treatment may be relevant to their individual life\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 163px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRepetition\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 636px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eRepeating treatment points for emphasis\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 163px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePractice remembering\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 636px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eAsking participants questions that prompt recall of treatment points\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 163px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eCue-based reminder\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 636px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePreemptively establishing cues to help participant remember to use a skill or consider a treatment point\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 163px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePraise recall\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 636px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eReinforcing correct recall of treatment points\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 2. Provider Demographics by Treatment Condition (CT-as-usual vs. CT+Memory Support) at Pre-Treatment\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 194px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCT-as-usual (\u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 10)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 214px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCT+Memory Support (\u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 9)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eTherapist Characteristics\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e%\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003en\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e%\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026chi;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e-value\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSex\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Female\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77.80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Male\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthnicity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.36\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Hispanic or Latino\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e40.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Not Hispanic or Latino\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRace\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; American Indian/Alaska Native\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Asian\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; African American or Black\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; White\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Multi-Racial\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Some graduate school\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e90.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e66.70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Competed master\u0026rsquo;s degree\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Graduate Training beyond master\u0026rsquo;s\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Completed Doctorate\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eArea of Education/Field\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Clinical Psychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e44.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Social Work\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55.56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Education/School Psychology\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eMean\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eMean\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003et\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ep-value\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eNumber of patients treated\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrior experience delivery CBT (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePrior experience delivery treatment for depression (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" class=\"fr-table-selection-hover\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"7\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 840px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 3. Patient Demographics by Treatment Condition (CT-as-usual vs. CT+Memory Support) at Pre-Treatment\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" style=\"width: 194px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCT-as-usual (\u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 88)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 214px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCT+Memory Support (\u003cem\u003en\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e= 84)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ePatient Characteristics\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e%\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003en\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e%\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026chi;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e-value\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSex\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Female\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e55.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e70.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Male\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e42.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Missing/declined to answer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthnicity\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Hispanic or Latino\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Not Hispanic or Latino\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; Missing/declined to answer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eRace\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; American Indian/Alaska Native\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Asian\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; African American or Black\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; White\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e57.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e61.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Multi-Racial\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Missing/declined to answer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMarital Status\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Single\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e56\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e63.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e60.71\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Married/Partnered\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22.62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Divorced/Separated/Widowed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.96\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEmployed\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Full-time\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e34.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Part-time\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Unemployed\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e36.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Retired\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Missing/declined to answer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIncome (Household)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.01\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026lt;$20,000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9.52\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; $20,000-$34,999\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; $35,000-$49,999\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; $50,000-$59,999\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026gt;=$60,000\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.95\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Missing/declined to answer\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e21\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEducation\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.93\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; High school/vocational school\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Some college\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e30.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32.14\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Completed college\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e29.55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e26.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; Some graduate school/\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp; completed graduate school\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eMean\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eMean\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003et\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ep-value\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 258px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAge (years)\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37.73\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e37.18\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 117px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 77px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 97px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 4. Descriptive statistics for the predictor and patient outcomes\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" style=\"width: 288px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCT-as-usual\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd colspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 288px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCT+Memory Support\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ePredictor\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eM\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eM\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTherapist Cumulative Recall\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMid 1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e11.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMid 2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.10\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.62\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMid 3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.29\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePost\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e76\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e14.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.99\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTherapist Past Session Recall\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMid 1\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.04\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMid 2\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eMid 3\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.89\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e5.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.32\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePost\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e4.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.53\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eOutcome\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eM\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eN\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eM\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIDS-SR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e39.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e7.61\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e38.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePost\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.39\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e20.92\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e19.51\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWHODAS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e88\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e48.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e45.55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.19\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePost\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.17\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.07\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e16.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e80\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e25.91\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e18.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e15.55\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd style=\"width: 198px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e12FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e75\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e23.23\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 96px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e17.77\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eTable 5. Coefficient estimates from multilevel models of IDS-SR and WHODADS for the effect of Therapist Cumulative and Past-Session Recall\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" width=\"678\"\u003e\n \u003ctbody\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eModel 1: Cumulative Recall on IDS-SR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eRandom Effects\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eVariance\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSD\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePatient\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71.16\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.44\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResidual\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFixed Effects\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e95% CI\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCumulative Recall\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to post-treatment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.54, 2.12]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 6FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.67\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.66, 2.00]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 12 FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.69\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.40\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.77, 1.93]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCumulative Recall x Treatment Condition\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to post-treatment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-3.43\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt; 0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-5.04, -1.83]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 6FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.72\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.82\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt; 0.001\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-4.31, -1.12]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 12 FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.02\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.83\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.22\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-2.65, 0.60]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eModel 2: Past-Session Recall on IDS-SR\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eRandom Effects\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eVariance\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePatient\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e71.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e8.50\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResidual\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e43.59\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e6.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFixed Effects\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e95% CI\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePast-Session Recall\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to post-treatment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.46\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.77, 1.72]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 6FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.35\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.64\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-1.60, 0.89]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 12 FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.54\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.41\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-1.83, 0.74]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePast-Session Recall x Treatment Condition\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to post-treatment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.38\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-2.91, 0.16]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 6FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.63\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.78\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.42\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-2.15, 0.91]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 12 FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.87\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.81\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.71, 2.45]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eModel 3: Cumulative Recall on WHODAS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eRandom Effects\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eVariance\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePatient\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e192.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.86\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResidual\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e109.20\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFixed Effects\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e95% CI\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCumulative Recall\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to post-treatment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.74\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.49\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-1.38, 2.86]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 6FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.84\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-3.99, 0.28]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 12 FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-3.09\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026lt;0.01\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-5.27, -0.91]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCumulative Recall x Treatment Condition\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to post-treatment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.31\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-4.85, 0.26]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 6FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.34\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.30\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.79\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-2.88, 2.19]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 12 FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e3.11\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.33\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.02\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[0.51, 5.70]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eModel 4: Past-Session on WHODAS\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eRandom Effects\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eVariance\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSD\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePatient\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e195.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e13.97\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003eResidual\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e109.60\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e10.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFixed Effects\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eSE\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003ep\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e95% CI\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePast-Session Recall\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to post-treatment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.45\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.66\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-1.52, 2.42]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 6FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-1.57\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.00\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.12\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-3.54, 0.39]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 12 FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-2.68\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.05\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e0.01\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-4.72, -0.63]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003ePast-Session Recall x Treatment Condition\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to post-treatment\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e-0.70\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.25\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.58\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-3.14, 1.74]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 6FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.90\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.24\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.47\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-1.52, 3.33]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003ctr\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 252px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003ePre-treatment to 12 FU\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e2.26\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e1.28\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 106px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e0.08\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003ctd valign=\"top\" style=\"width: 107px;\"\u003e\n \u003cp\u003e[-0.24, 4.75]\u003c/p\u003e\n \u003c/td\u003e\n \u003c/tr\u003e\n \u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eNote.\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e IDS-SR = Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Self-Report; WHODAS = World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"University of California, Berkeley","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"therapist recall, patient outcomes, memory support, cognitive therapy, depression","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9152769/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-9152769/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eObjective\u003c/strong\u003e: This secondary analysis evaluates the impact of therapist memory on patient outcomes in the context of a randomized trial comparing cognitive therapy plus memory support (CT+Memory Support) to cognitive therapy as usual (CT-as-usual).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethod\u003c/strong\u003e: Participants were 172 adults (mean age [SD] = 37.46 [15.31]; 62.79% female; 59.88% Caucasian) with major depressive disorder. Patients were treated by 19 therapists (age mean [SD] = 28.4 [5.95] years; 78.95% female; 42.11% Caucasian), with each therapist treating an average of 9 patients. Therapists completed cumulative and past session recall assessments immediately following sessions during weeks 4, 8, and 12, and the final session. Patient depression symptom severity (Inventory for Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report) and functional impairment (World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0) were self-reported at pre-treatment, post-treatment, 6-month (6FU), and 12-month follow-ups (12FU).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults\u003c/strong\u003e: Multilevel modeling revealed that better therapist cumulative recall predicted lower depression severity from pre- to post-treatment (unstandardized \u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -3.43, \u003cem\u003ep \u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt; 0.001) and at 6FU (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -2.72, \u003cem\u003ep \u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt; 0.001). Therapist cumulative recall predicted improved patient functional impairment in CT-as-usual only (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = 3.11, \u003cem\u003ep \u003c/em\u003e= 0.02). Therapist past session recall (\u003cem\u003eb\u003c/em\u003e = -2.68, \u003cem\u003ep \u003c/em\u003e= 0.01) predicted improved functional impairment across treatment conditions. All other comparisons were non-significant, but the majority were in the hypothesized direction.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusions\u003c/strong\u003e: These results signal a relationship between therapist memory and patient outcomes. Future research is needed to verify these findings and investigate ways to optimize therapist memory for treatment.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Therapist Memory for Treatment Contents: Implications for Patient Outcomes","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-03-19 16:34:03","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-9152769/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"72601f9e-bb72-4426-baee-c3ac2ab92ef6","owner":[],"postedDate":"March 19th, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-03-19T16:34:03+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-03-19 16:34:03","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-9152769","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-9152769","identity":"rs-9152769","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}