Dynamic Multi-Layered Image Encryption scheme using User Driven Chaotic Sequences

Dynamic Multi-Layered Image Encryption scheme using User Driven Chaotic Sequences | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Dynamic Multi-Layered Image Encryption scheme using User Driven Chaotic Sequences P. Mathivanan, K Ashwini This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3399892/v3 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 3 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Abstract The paper introduces a novel approach that leverages the unique characteristics of users' authenticated usernames to determine the sequence in which image blocks are encrypted. This methodology employs two key strategies: the utilization of four individual chaotic maps - Sin, Chebyshev, Logistic, and Gaussian - for encryption, and the encryption of image blocks using a novel 4D chaotic map. The process begins with the segmentation of an N×N×3 color image into its red, blue, and green components, each of size N×N. The image components are further subdivided into four arrays, each sized (4×4) × (N/4) × (N/4). Chaotic sequences generated via schemes 1 and 2 aid in the encryption of various image bands, serving as fundamental encryption keys that guide both confusion and diffusion processes. The proposed encryption systems, Scheme 1 and Scheme 2, were rigorously evaluated using extensive simulations and compared to a standard approach. Both methods outperformed against statistical analysis differential attacks, with NPCR and UACI values approaching ideal standards. Notably, Scheme 2, with the proposed 4D map, performed better than Scheme 1, especially with regard to UACI and NPCR. Furthermore, the systems had a large key space, making decryption impossible within an astronomical timeframe. Entropy and correlation analysis validation yielded values consistent with established techniques, whereas pixel distribution analyses confirmed homogeneity in horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions. The research presents a new encryption approach that takes advantage of user-specific attributes and outperforms standard methods in terms of security and performance. Image encryption Chaotic maps Confusion Diffusion Pixel distribution Full Text Additional Declarations The authors declare no competing interests. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 3 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3399892","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":308801603,"identity":"1fc8052f-aa30-4353-a2e5-16228fb9de88","order_by":0,"name":"P. Mathivanan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham - Chennai Campus","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"P.","middleName":"","lastName":"Mathivanan","suffix":""},{"id":308801604,"identity":"a66fb546-3335-49cf-967a-946e327a5dd4","order_by":1,"name":"K Ashwini","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA4UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFACHgaGBAYJOX4GNsYHIC4fsVqMJRvYmA1AXDaitABB4oYDbGwSIBZBLfz9Z49JPNxhAbIlrfJrjp0MGwPzw0c38GiRuJGXJpF4BuyXY7dltyUDHcZmbJyDz5obPGY3EttAfmFvuy25jRmohYdNGp8W+fNnwFqAfmFvK5bcVk9Yi8GBHJgWtmOMH7cdJqzF8EaO+Q+ww5rZkqUZtx3nYWMm4Be582eMDX+21cnxs7cZfvy5rdqen7354WO83ocDZiDigTKIB4w/SFE9CkbBKBgFIwYAAHhNQnrOx2u+AAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1974-2162","institution":"Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham - Chennai Campus","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"K","middleName":"","lastName":"Ashwini","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2023-09-30 05:55:46","currentVersionCode":3,"declarations":{"humanSubjects":false,"vertebrateSubjects":false,"conflictsOfInterestStatement":false,"humanSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false,"humanSubjectConsent":false,"humanSubjectClinicalTrial":false,"humanSubjectCaseReport":false,"vertebrateSubjectEthicalGuidelines":false},"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3399892/v3","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3399892/v3","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":74383240,"identity":"7e1c103b-0a55-435a-aced-73089c3a0f3f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-01-21 19:20:36","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":4437710,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript14finalCopy.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-3399892/v3_covered_65520a3c-5587-464c-90b2-acf97e607c0b.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"The authors declare no competing interests.","formattedTitle":"Dynamic Multi-Layered Image Encryption scheme using User Driven Chaotic Sequences","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Image encryption, Chaotic maps, Confusion, Diffusion, Pixel distribution","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3399892/v3","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-3399892/v3","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eThe \u0026nbsp;paper \u0026nbsp;introduces \u0026nbsp;a \u0026nbsp;novel \u0026nbsp;approach \u0026nbsp;that \u0026nbsp;leverages \u0026nbsp;the \u0026nbsp;unique \u0026nbsp;characteristics \u0026nbsp;of \u0026nbsp;users' authenticated usernames to determine the sequence in which image blocks are encrypted. This methodology employs two key strategies: the utilization of four individual chaotic maps - Sin, Chebyshev, Logistic, and Gaussian - for encryption, and the encryption of image blocks using a novel 4D chaotic map. The process begins with the segmentation of an N×N×3 color image into its red, blue, and green components, each of size N×N. The image components are further subdivided into four arrays, each sized (4×4) × (N/4) × (N/4). Chaotic sequences generated via schemes \u0026nbsp;1 \u0026nbsp;and \u0026nbsp;2 \u0026nbsp;aid \u0026nbsp;in \u0026nbsp;the \u0026nbsp;encryption \u0026nbsp;of \u0026nbsp;various \u0026nbsp;image \u0026nbsp;bands, \u0026nbsp;serving \u0026nbsp;as \u0026nbsp;fundamental encryption keys that guide both confusion and diffusion processes. The proposed encryption systems, Scheme 1 and Scheme 2, were rigorously evaluated using extensive \u003cem\u003esimulations\u003c/em\u003e and compared \u0026nbsp;to \u0026nbsp;a \u0026nbsp;standard \u0026nbsp;approach. \u0026nbsp;Both \u0026nbsp;methods \u0026nbsp;outperformed \u0026nbsp;against \u0026nbsp;statistical \u0026nbsp;analysis differential \u0026nbsp;attacks, \u0026nbsp;with \u0026nbsp;NPCR \u0026nbsp;and \u0026nbsp;UACI \u0026nbsp;values \u0026nbsp;approaching \u0026nbsp;ideal \u0026nbsp;standards. \u0026nbsp;Notably, Scheme 2, with the proposed 4D map, performed better than Scheme 1, especially with regard to \u0026nbsp;UACI \u0026nbsp;and \u0026nbsp;NPCR. \u0026nbsp;Furthermore, \u0026nbsp;the \u0026nbsp;systems \u0026nbsp;had \u0026nbsp;a \u0026nbsp;large \u0026nbsp;key \u0026nbsp;space, \u0026nbsp;making \u0026nbsp;decryption impossible \u0026nbsp;within \u0026nbsp;an \u0026nbsp;astronomical \u0026nbsp;timeframe. \u0026nbsp;Entropy \u0026nbsp;and \u0026nbsp;correlation \u0026nbsp;analysis \u0026nbsp;\u003cem\u003evalidation\u003c/em\u003e yielded \u0026nbsp;values \u0026nbsp;consistent \u0026nbsp;with \u0026nbsp;established \u0026nbsp;techniques, \u0026nbsp;whereas \u0026nbsp;pixel \u0026nbsp;distribution \u0026nbsp;analyses confirmed homogeneity in horizontal, vertical, and diagonal directions. The research presents a \u0026nbsp;new \u0026nbsp;encryption \u0026nbsp;approach \u0026nbsp;that \u0026nbsp;takes \u0026nbsp;advantage \u0026nbsp;of \u0026nbsp;user-specific \u0026nbsp;attributes \u0026nbsp;and \u0026nbsp;outperforms standard methods in terms of security and performance.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Dynamic Multi-Layered Image Encryption scheme using User Driven Chaotic Sequences","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":3,"date":"2025-01-21 19:04:27","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3399892/v3","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}},{"code":2,"date":"2024-05-30 19:04:42","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3399892/v2","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}},{"code":1,"date":"2023-10-19 11:10:25","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3399892/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"47ef3bb8-70d8-40d4-a9a2-3884751aa725","owner":[],"postedDate":"January 21st, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-05-20T20:29:50+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-01-21 19:04:27","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v3","identity":"rs-3399892","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-3399892","identity":"rs-3399892","version":["v3"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}